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- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"><head xmlns:h="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" profile=""><title>In case you were wondering</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.2"/></head><body><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="d0e24963" shape="rect"/>In case you were wondering</h1></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="d0e24966" shape="rect"/>The Dative Case</h2></div></div></div><p>The dative case is used to indicate the indirect object in the sentence. In English, the
- indirect object will often follow a preposition such as "to" (I wrote a letter to my
- brother) or "for" (I bought this book for my sister.) In Russian, no preposition is needed
- in these sentences.</p><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Я написал письмо брату.</em></span></p><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Я купила эту книгу сестре.</em></span></p><p>Other uses of the dative case in Russian include:</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist"><li class="listitem"><p>telling your age:</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="0"><colgroup span="1"><col class="c1" span="1"/><col class="c2" span="1"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Мне пятьдесят лет.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">I'm 50 years old.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Ей пятнадцать лет.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">She's 15 years old.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Ивану сорок лет.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Ivan's 40 years old.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p>describing how you feel:</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="0"><colgroup span="1"><col class="c1" span="1"/><col class="c2" span="1"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Мне холодно.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">I'm cold.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Ему скучно.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">He's bored.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Тане интересно.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tanya's interested.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p>indicating that you like someone or something:</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="0"><colgroup span="1"><col class="c1" span="1"/><col class="c2" span="1"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Этот самовар мне
- нравится.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">I like that samovar.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Нам нравится наш
- преподаватель.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">We like our teacher.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Детям не нравится
- учительница.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">The kids don't like their teacher.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p>with certain prepositions and verbs</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="0"><colgroup span="1"><col class="c1" span="1"/><col class="c2" span="1"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Я иду к врачу.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">I'm going to the doctor.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Он идёт по улице.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">He's walking along the street.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">Вы мне мешаете.</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">You're bothering me.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></li></ol></div><p>The table below shows the forms of the Dative Case forms (D) for nouns and adjectives,
- and compares them to the Nominative (N), Accusative (A), Genitive (G) and Locative (L)
- forms.</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" width="100%" border="1"><colgroup span="1"><col class="c1" span="1"/><col class="c2" span="1"/><col class="c3" span="1"/><col class="c4" span="1"/><col class="c5" span="1"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align: center" rowspan="1"><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">OH</em></span></p></td><td style="text-align: center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">ОНА</em></span></p></td><td style="text-align: center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">ОНО</em></span></p></td><td style="text-align: center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">ОНИ</em></span></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><p>N</p></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">новый студент </em></span>
- </p>
- <p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">старый дом</em></span>
- </p></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">новая студентка </em></span>
- </p>
- <p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">старая квартира</em></span>
- </p></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">новое слово</em></span>
- </p>
- <p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">старое кресло</em></span>
- </p></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">новые студенты</em></span>
- </p>
- <p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">старые костюмы</em></span>
- </p></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><p>A</p></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">нового студента </em></span>
- </p>
- <p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">старый дом</em></span>
- </p></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">новую студентку </em></span>
- </p>
- <p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">старую квартиру</em></span>
- </p></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">новое слово </em></span>
- </p>
- <p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">старое кресло</em></span>
- </p></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">новых студентов</em></span>
- </p>
- <p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">старые костюмы</em></span>
- </p></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><p>G</p></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><p><span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">нового студента </em></span></p>
- <p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">старого дома</em></span>
- </p></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">новой студентки </em></span>
- </p>
- <p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">старой квартиры</em></span>
- </p></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">нового слова </em></span>
- </p>
- <p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">старого кресла</em></span>
- </p></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">новых студентов</em></span>
- </p>
- <p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">старых костюмов</em></span>
- </p></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><p>L</p></td><td style="text-align: left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">о новом студенте </em></span>
- </p>
- <p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">о/в старом доме</em></span>
- </p></td><td style="text-align: left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">о новой студентке </em></span>
- </p>
- <p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">о/в старой квартире</em></span>
- </p></td><td style="text-align: left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">о/в новом слове</em></span>
- </p>
- <p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">о/в старом кресле</em></span>
- </p></td><td style="text-align: left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">о/в новых студентах</em></span>
- </p>
- <p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">о/в старых костюмах</em></span>
- </p></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><p>D</p></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">новому студенту </em></span>
- </p>
- <p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">старому дому</em></span>
- </p></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">новой студентке </em></span>
- </p>
- <p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">старой квартире</em></span>
- </p></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">новому слову </em></span>
- </p>
- <p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">старому креслу</em></span>
- </p></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">новым студентам</em></span>
- </p>
- <p>
- <span xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="ru" class="foreignphrase">старым костюмам</em></span>
- </p></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></body></html>
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