achrondrite (a type of stony meteorite that does not have chrondrules - most come from asteroid 4 Vesta)
不 含 球 粒 陨 石
bu4han4qiu2li4 yun3shi2
alien
外 星 人
wai4xing1ren2
Almagest
天 文 学 大 成
Tian1wen2xue2 Da4cheng2
Alpha Centauri, Rigil Kent, Rigil (brightest star in Centaurus, second nearest star to us)
半 人 马 座 阿 尔 法 星
Ban4ren2ma3zuo4 A1'er3fa3 xing1
Andromeda (constellation)
仙 女 座
Xian1nu~3zuo4
Andromeda galaxy
仙 女 星 系
Xian1nu~3xing1zuo4
aphelion
远 日 点
yuan3ri4dian3
apogean
远 地 点 的
yuan3di4dian3 de
Apollo
阿 波 罗
E1bo1luo2
Aquarius (constellation)
宝 瓶 座
Bao3ping2zuo4
水 瓶 座
Shui3ping2zuo4
Arcturus (a red giant, it is the 4th brightest star and the brightest star in the constellation Bootes)
大 角 星
Da4jiao3xing1
Aries (constellation)
白 羊 座
Bai2yang2zuo4
armillary sphere (Literally whole sky instrument - invented by Zhang Heng (AD 78- 139 ) during the Han Dynasty)
浑 天 仪
hun2tian1yi2
water powered armillary
水 运 浑 天 仪
shui3yun4 hun2tian1yi2
water-powered armillary sphere
漏 水 转 浑 天 仪
lou4shui3 zhuan4hun2tian1yi2
simplified armillary, abridged armillary (Invented during the Yuan Dynasty by Guo Shoujing in 1276 AD -- it is easier to use than an armillary sphere)
简 仪
jian3yi2
armillary sphere
转 浑 天 仪
zhuan4hun2tian1yi2
Saturn has rings of meteorites around its equator.
土 星 在 赤 道 上 有 陨 星 环 。
Tu3xing1 zai4 chi4dao4shang you3 yun3xing1 huan2.
asteroid
小 行 星
xiao3xing1xing1
astral dome, astrodome
天 文 观 测 舱
tian1wen2 guan1ce4cang1
astrology
星 相
xing1xiang4
astronaut
宇 航 员
yu3hang2yuan2
astronaut, cosmonaut, spaceman
太 空 人
tai4kong1ren2
astronomy
天 文
tian1wen2
astrophysics
天 体 物 理
tian1ti3wu4li3
Mars' atmosphere, atmosphere of Mars
火 星 大 气
Huo3xing1 da4qi4
Bamboo Annals
竹 书 纪 年
Zhu2shu1 Ji4nian2
Big Bang
大 爆 炸
da4bao4zha4
Johann Adam Schall von Bell (1591-1666
汤 若 望
Tang1 Ruo4wang4
Betelgeuse, Alpha Orionis (the fourth star in the Three Star constellation of Chinese astronomy)
参 宿 四
Shen1xiu4si4
Big Dipper, the Plow (constellation)
北 斗 星
Bei3dou3xing1
bolide, fireball
火 流 星
huo3liu2xing1
Bootes (constellation)
牧 夫 座
Mu4fu1zuo4
Tycho Brahe
第 谷
Di4gu3
Huangdi Calendar (famous Chinese calendar from the later Zhou Dynasty)
黄 帝 历
Huang2di4 Li4
Da Yan calendar (727 AD by Yi Xing)
大 衍 历
Da4 Yan3 Li4
Da Ming Calendar (462 AD by Zu Chongzhi)
大 明 历
Da4 Ming2 Li4
Callisto (second largest of Jupiter's satellites, it is the furthest from Jupiter, one of the four Galilean satellites)
木 卫 四
Mu4wei4si4
Callisto (second largest of Jupiter's satellites, one of the four Galilean satellites)
卡 里 斯 托
Ka3li3si1tuo1
Cancer (constellation)
巨 蟹 座
Ju4xie4zuo4
Canis Major, Great Dog (constellation)
大 犬 座
Da4quan3zuo4
Canis Minor, Little Dog (constellation)
小 犬 座
Xiao3quan3zuo4
Capricornus, Capricorn (constellation)
摩 羯 座
Mo2jie2zuo4
Cassiopeia (it is a constellation near the pole star - the brightest of the 32 stars in the constellation form a giant open "w". )
仙 后 座
Xian1hou4zuo4
Castor, Alpha Geminorum (in Gemini, it is actually six stars. It, along with Pollux, played an important role in ancient mythology since they were both exceptionally bright and close to one another.)
北 河 二
Bei3he2er4
celestial body, heavenly body
星 球
xing1qiu2
Centaurus, Centaur, The Centaur
半 人 马 座
Ban4ren2ma3zuo4
Ceres
谷 神 星
Gu3shen2xing1
Ceres (largest asteroid and the first discovered in 1801 by G. Piazzi)
chaos, spirit, vitality, vigor
元 气
yuan2qi4
south facing chariot
指 南 车
zhi3nan2che1
chrondrite (a type of stony meteorite that contains chrondules - molten droplets rich in the silicate minerals olivine and pyroxene)
球 粒 状 陨 石
qiu2li4zhuang4 yun3shi2
spectral class
光 谱 分 类
guang1pu3 fen1lei4
clepsydra
漏 刻
lou4ke4
steelyard clepsydra
秤 漏
cheng4lou4
coma (luminous cloud surrounding nucleus of a comet)
彗 发
hui4fa1
comet
彗 星
hui4xing1
constellation (this is the same character as su4 in su4she4 宿 舍 dormitory)
宿
xiu4
constellation
星 座
xing1zuo4
Copernican theory
哥 白 尼 学 说
Ge1bai2ni2 xue2shuo1
Nicolaus Copernicus (1473 - 1547, Polish astronomer)
哥 白 尼
Ge1bai2ni2
Corvus, Crow (constellation)
乌 鸦 座
Wu1ya1zuo4
cosmology
宇 宙 学
yu3zhou4xue2
crater
火 山 口
huo3shan1kou3
Crater (constellation)
巨 爵 座
Ju4jue2zuo4
Cygnus (constellation), Northern Cross
天 鹅 座
Tian1e2zuo4
density
密 度
mi4du4
detection
检 波
jian3bo1
Vermillion Bird of the South, Vermillion Phoenix of the South (one of four major constellation groups dividing the sky at the horizon)
南 方 朱 雀
Nan3 Fang1 Zhu1 Que4
Black Tortoise of the North (one of four major constellation groups dividing the sky at the horizon - note that wu3 usually refer to the military today, the modern word for tortoise is gui1 龟)
北 方 玄 武
Bei3 Fang1 Xuan2 Wu3
Azure Dragon of the East (one of four major constellation groups dividing the sky at the horizon - also called Qing1 Long2 青 龙- Qing1青 means blue or green and Cang1 苍 means blue with a green tinge - azure)
东 方 苍 龙
Dong1 Fang1 Cang1 Long2
White Tiger of the West (one of four major constellation groups dividing the sky at the horizon)
西 方 白 虎
Xi1 Fang1 Bai2 Hu3
Azure Dragon of the East (one of four major constellation groups dividing the sky at the horizon - also called Cang1 Long2 苍 龙 - Qing1青 means blue or green and Cang1 苍 means blue with a green tinge - azure)
东 方 青 龙
Dong1 Fang1 Qing1 Long2
to divine by astrology, to cast a horoscope
星 占
xing1zhan1
Draco (constellation)
天 龙 座
Tian1long2zuo4
constellation of the Green Dragon
苍 龙
cang1long2
dwarf star
矮 星
ai3xing1
white dwarf
白 矮 星
bai2'ai3xing1
Earth, the globe
地 球
di4qiu2
This is boring. I don't know why we have to watch a lunar eclipse, nothing happens.
太 没 意 思 了 。 我 不 知 道 我 们 为 什 么 要 看 月 蚀 ， 什 么 也 没 有 。
Ta1 mei2 yi4si le. Wo3 bu4 zhi1dao4 wo3men wei4shen2me kan4 yue4shi2, shen2me ye3 mei2 you3.
total lunar eclipse
月 全 食
yue4quan2shi2
total solar eclipse
日 全 食
ri4quan2shi2
I have a special glass to watch the solar eclipse.
我 有 一 块 儿 特 殊 的 玻 璃 看 日 蚀 。
Wo3 you3 yi2 kuai4r te4shu1 de bo1li4 kan4 ri4shi2.
annular solar eclipse (An annular eclipse occurs when the moon covers the center of the sun but not its edges.)
日 环 食
ri4huan2shi2
lunar eclipse
月 蚀
yue4 shi2
solar eclipse
日 蚀
ri4 shi2
ecliptic
黄 道
huang2dao4
Heavenly Market Enclosure (one of three celestial areas surrounding Polaris)
天 市 垣
Tian1 Shi4 Yuan2
Supreme Palace Enclosure (one of three celestial areas surrounding Polaris)
太 微 垣
Tai4 Wei1 Yuan2
Purple Forbidden Enclosure (one of three celestial areas surrounding Polaris)
紫 微 垣
Zi3 Wei1 Yuan2
Eris
厄 里 斯
E4li3si1
Europa (the fourth largest of Jupiter's satellites, one of the four Galilean satellites)
木 卫 二
Mu4wei4er4
欧 罗 巴
Ou1luo2ba1
Five Emperors Seat, Five Emperors Constellation (Chinese constellation composed of 5 stars (all in constellation Leo) - the Yellow emperor is the center star, and is surrounded by the East Green, South Red, White West, and Black North emperors - they rule the heavens from their perch)
五 帝 座
Wu3di4zuo4
Fu An (Chinese astronomer from the Han Dynasty)
傅 安
Fu4 An1
ring galaxy
星 系
xing1xi4
normal spiral galaxy
正 常 旋 涡 星 系
zheng4chang2 xuan2wo1 xing1xi4
Markarian galaxy
马 卡 林 星 系
Ma3ka3lin2 xing1xi4
elliptical galaxy
椭 圆 星 系
tuo3yuan2 xing1xi4
Seyfert galaxy
赛 弗 特 星 系
Sai4fu2te4 xing1xi4
仙 女 座 星 系
Xian1nu~3zuo4 xing1xi4
spiral galaxy
旋 涡 星 系
xuan2wo1 xing1xi4
spheroidal galaxy
椭 球 星 系
tuo3qiu2 xing1xi4
Milky Way galaxy
银 河 系
Yin2he2xi4
Ganymede (the largest of Jupiter's satellites, one of the four Galilean satellites)
加 尼 美 得
Jia1ni2mei3de2
木 卫 三
Mu4wei4san1
gas giant
气 体 巨 星
qi4ti3 ju4xing1
Gemini (constellation)
双 子 座
Shuang1zi3zuo4
Geng Shoucang (Invented the celestial globe between 70 BC and 50 BC - improved later by Zhang Heng (78-139 AD) during the Eastern Han Dynasty)
耿 寿 苍
Geng3 Shou4cang1
geocentric theory
地 心 说
di4xin1shuo1
geocentric
以 地 球 为 中 心 的
yi3di4qiu2wei2zhong1xin1 de
Chinese geocentric theory (Warring States - earth floating in water with dome of stars, then floating in air with dome, then Zhang Heng (Han dynasty) said earth yolk and sky shell of hen's egg)
浑 天 说
hun2tian1shuo1
red giant (star)
红 巨 星
hong2ju4xing1
giant star, megastar, super star, outstanding figure
巨 星
ju4xing1
celestial globe
天 体 仪
tian1ti3 yi2
gnomon
圭 表
gui1biao3
gravitation
地 心 吸 力
di4xin1 xi1li4
surface gravity
表 面 重 力
biao3mian4 zhong4li4
gravity
重 力
zhong4li4
Guo Shoujing (1231-1314 Chinese astronomer, mathematician and inventor of the Yuan Dynasty)
郭 守 敬
Guo1 Shou3jing4
Floating in Space Theory (The ancient meaning of xuan1 was "all around" or "spacious" and ye4 means night - ancient theory that the celestial objects floated without supports or connections - not very popular)
宣 夜
Xuan1 Ye4
Egg Shell Theory, Whole Sky Theory (Zhang Heng (AD 78- 139) proposed this theory of the heavens -- that the sky was like an egg shell wrapping around the earth like it was the yolk -- some point to other quotes indicating that Zhang Heng may still have seen the earth as flat - see Cullen)
浑 天
Hun2 Tian1
Canopy Heaven Theory (ancient Chinese theory that the earth was flat and covered by a dome or bowl shaped cover on which the celestial objects moved)
盖 天
Gai4 Tian1
heliacal, solar, heliac
太 阳 的
tai4yang2 de
heliocentric
以 太 阳 为 中 心 的
yi3tai4yang2wei2zhong1xin1 de
Hercules (constellation)
武 仙 座
Wu3xian1zuo4
black hole
黑 洞
hei1dong4
horizon (see 地 平 线 di4ping2xian4 for common usage)
天 际
tian1ji4
Hu Lan (Chinese astronomer from Warring States Period)
斛 兰
Hu2 Lan2
Hydra, Snake (constellation)
长 蛇 座
Chang2she2zuo4
Hydrus (constellation)
水 蛇 座
Shui3she2zuo4
interstellar, interplanetary
星 际
xing1ji4
Jia Kui (Chinese astronomer from the Han Dynasty)
贾 逵
Jia3 Kui3
Jiang Ji (An astronomer of the Later Qin kingdom)
姜 岌
Jiang1 Ji2
Jupiter
木 星
Mu4xing1
Li Chunfeng (An astronomer of the Tang Dynasty)
李 淳 风
Li3 Chun2feng1
Libra (constellation)
天 秤 座
Tian1cheng4zuo4
light year
光 年
guang1nian2
Liu Chuo (An astronomer of the Sui Dynasty)
刘 绰
Liu2 Chuo4
Lo (closest of Jupiter's satellites, it has active volcanoes, one of the four Galilean satellites)
艾 奥
Ai4ao4
木 卫 一
Mu4wei4yi1
lunar
月 的
yue4 de
Lupus (constellation)
豺 狼 座
Chai2lang2zuo4
Lyra (constellation) (on star maps it is pictured as a vulture or an eagle carrying a lyre - an ancient stringed musical instrument)
天 琴 座
Tian1qin2zuo4
Ma Jun (Inventor of the south facing chariot -- a cart that used gears rather than magnetism to have a figure always point south no matter how the cart turned -- had to be set at the beginning and gears reverse compensated for movement)
马 钧
Ma3 Jun1
Large Magellanic Cloud
大 麦 哲 伦 云
Da4 Mai4zhe2lun2 Yun2
Small Magellanic Cloud
小 麦 哲 伦 云
Xiao3 Mai4zhe2lun2 Yun2
Magellanic Cloud
麦 哲 伦 云
Mai4zhe2lun2 Yun2
absolute magnitude
绝 对 星 等
jue2dui4 xing1deng3
28 Lunar Mansions, 28 Chinese constellations (the sky is divided into 4 segments, each segment has 7 constellations, giving 28 constellations. They are based on the progress of the Moon as it crosses the sky during the month - they track the moon giving the date)
二 十 八 宿
Er4shi2ba1 Xiu4
star map, star chart
星 图
xing1tu2
Mars
火 星
Huo3xing1
mass (physics)
质 量
zhi4liang4
Mercury
水 星
Shui3xing1
meteor
陨 石
yun3shi2
meteor, falling star, shooting star
流 星
liu2xing1
meteor shower
流 星 雨
liu2xing1yu3
meteor swarm
流 星 群
liu2xing1qun2
meteorite
陨 星
yun3xing1
meteoroid
流 星 体
liu2xing1ti3
meteorologist
气 象 学 家
qi4xiang4xue2jia1
Metonic cycle (Chinese term for the Metonic cycle of 7 leap months in 19 years - the Chinese term also means "orderly ways" in a non-astronomy context)
章 法
Zhang1fa3
midnight sun
夜 半 太 阳
ye4ban4 tai4yang2
Milky Way
银 河
Yin2he2
Milky Way (see Yin2he2)
星 汉
Xing1han4
lunar module
月 球 模 块
yue4qiu2 mo2kuai4
module
模 块
mo2kuai4
anomalistic month (time between 2 perigees)
近 点 月
Jin4dian3 yue4
nodal month. draconic month (time between 2 ascending or descending nodes)
交 点 月
Jiao1dian3 yue4
moon
月 球
yue4qiu2
moons of Saturn
土 星 的 卫 星
Tu3xing1 de wei4xing1
celestial motion (apparent motion of celestial bodies)
视 运 动
shi4yun4dong4
Mystical Laws (Treatise written by Zhang Heng (78-139 AD) in which he proposed the Hun2 Tian1 theory of the universt -- like and egg shell surrounding the earth)
灵 宪
Ling2 Xian4
Crab nebula (1054 AD Chinese astronomers and the Anasazi tribe of Arizona observed what was probably a supernova which then became the crab nebula)
蟹 状 星 云
xie4zhuang4 xing1yun2
nebula
星 云
xing1yun2
diffuse nebula
弥 漫 星 云
mi2man4 xing1yun2
gaseous nebula
气 体 星 云
qi4ti3 xing1yun2
Lagoon Nebula
礁 湖 星 云
Jiao1hu2 xing1yun2
planetary nebula
行 星 状 星 云
xing2xing1zhuang4 xing1yun2
Omega Nebula, Horseshoe Nebula, Swan Nebula, Checkmark Nebula, Lobster Nebula (in the constellation Sagittarius - it got its various names from sketches made using different telescopes - it really does look like a lobster in one)
马 蹄 星 云
Ma3ti2 xing1yun2
nebular hypothesis
星 云 假 说
xing1yun2 jia3shuo1
Neptune
海 王 星
Hai3wang2xing1
observatory
天 文 台
tian1wen2tai2
meteorological observatory
气 象 台
qi4xiang4tai2
观 象 台
guan1xiang4tai2
orbit
轨 道
gui3dao4
Orion, The Hunter (constellation, loan word from English)
奥 利 安
Ao4li4'an1
Orion, The Hunter (constellation)
猎 户 座
Lie4hu4zuo4
parsec (3.26 light years)
秒 差 距
miao3cha1ju4
Pegasus (constellation)
飞 马 座
Fei1ma3zuo4
perihelion
近 日 点
jin4ri4dian3
rotational period
自 转 周 期
zi4zhuan4 zhou1qi1
Pisces (constellation)
双 鱼 座
Shuang1yu2zuo4
Jovian planet
类 木 行 星
Lei4mu4 xing2xing1
terrestrial planet
类 地 行 星
lei4di4 xing2xing1
inferior planet
内 行 星
nei4xing2xing1
superior planet
外 行 星
wai4xing2xing1
dwarf planet
矮 行 星
ai3xing2xing1
planetesimal hypothesis
星 子 假 说
xing1zi3 jiao3shuo1
planetesimal
小 行 星 体
xiao3xing2xing1ti3
silver plate, plane of the universe
银 盘
yin2pan2
Pleiades (located in the constellation of Taurus)
昴 宿 星
Mao3 Su4xing1
Pleiades, Mao (one of the lunar mansions) (located in the constellation of Taurus)
昴
Mao3
Pluto
冥 王 星
Ming2wang2xing1
North Celestial Pole (That point that defines the axis of the rotation of earth - Polaris is near that point at the moment)
北 天 极
Bei3tian1ji2
Polaris, the North Star
北 极 星
Bei3ji2xing1
Pollux, Beta Geminorum (in Gemini, it is considered the twin of Castor in mythology. Pollux is not as bright as Castor.)
北 河 三
Bei3he2san1
precession (The movement of the axis of the earth around a circle, like a wobbling top. Today's measure is 1degree2 each 71.6 years. Measured by Yu Xi as 1 degree in 50 years (around 340 AD) and Zu Chongzhi as 1 degree in 45 years 11 months around 443 AD.)
岁 差
sui4 cha1
They pretended they were on Mars.
他 们 假 装 了 在 火 星 上 。
Ta1men jia3zhuang1 zai4 Huo3xing1 shang le.
Proxima, Proxima Centauri (closest star to the sun,4.3 light years away)
比 邻 星
Bi3lin2xing1
Ptolemaic system (geocentric Ptolemaic system)
托 勒 玫 体 系
Tuo1le4mei2 ti3xi4
Ptolemy (c. 90 - 168 AD)
托 勒 玫
Tuo1le4mi4
Ptolemy (c. 90 - 168 AD) (A mathematician, astronomer, geographer, astrologer who wrote the Almagest, a treatise on astronomy. His geocentric model held sway until Copernicus and Galileo.)
托 勒 密
pulsating radio source
脉 冲 射 电 源
mai4chong1she4 dian4yuan2
Qian Lezhi (Imperial Astronomer in the early Liu-Song period)
钱 乐 之
Qian2 Le4zhi1
quasar, quasi stellar object, ASO
类 星 体
lei4xing1ti3
radiation
辐 射
fu2she4
x-ray
X-射 线
x-she4xian4
Regulus (Yuan1 Yuan2 is the personal name of the yellow emperor, Huangdi, the father of the Chinese in ancient mythology. It is in the Five Emperors Block (Chinese constellation) and Leo (Western constellation))
轩 辕 十 四
Xuan1 Yuan2 Shi2si4
retrograde, backwards
向 后 的
xiang4hou4 de
Rigel, Beta Orionis (the seventh star in the Three Star constellation of Chinese astronomy)
参 宿 七
Shen1xiu4qi1
a rocket
一 枚 火 箭
yi4 mei2 huo3jian4
rotation; rotational
自 转
zi4zhuan4
Sagittarius (constellation)
射 手 座
She4shou3zuo4
communication satellite
通 信 卫 星
tong1xin4 wei4xing1
satellite
卫 星
wei4xing1
geosynchronous satellite
地 球 同 步 人 造 卫 星
di4qiu2 tong2bu4 ren2zao4 wei4xing1
artificial satellite, man-made satellite, satellite vehicle
人 造 卫 星
ren2zao4 wei4xing1
Galilean satellite, Galilean (one of the four satellites of Jupiter that were discovered by Galileo)
伽 利 略 卫 星
Jia1li4lue4
man-made satellite
Telstar satellite (First communications satellite created by Bell Labs of AT&T and launched in 1962 by American, British and French Telephone and telegraph companies using NASA rockets)
电 星 通 信 卫 星
Dian4xing1 tong1xin4 wei4xing1
Saturn
土 星
Tu3xing1
flying saucer
飞 碟
fei1die2
Scorpius, Scorpio (constellation)
天 蝎 座
Tian1xie1zuo4
method to divide sky into 24 segments based on equal number of days to divide seasons (This method was based on the average lunar month and assumed that there would be uniform movement in the heavens - it was replaced by ding4qi4)
平 气
ping2qi4
method to divide sky into 24 segments based on equal size of arc (15 degrees) (This method was based on the arc of the horizon and was a much more accurate predictor of the seasons, it wasn't used in a calendar until the Qing Dynasty because it creates time periods of unequal days)
定 气
ding4qi4
seasonal segment (The sky is divided into 24 segments that tell the star positions based on the seasons in Chinese astronomy and calendar making)
节 气
jie2qi4
seismograph
地 震 仪
di4zhen4 yi2
seismometer (modern word)
地 震 检 波 器
di4zhen4 jian3bo1 qi4
seismometer
候 风 地 动 仪
hou4feng1 di4dong4 yi2
Shen Kuo (1031-1095 Chinese astronomer of the Song Dynasty)
沈 括
Shen3 Kuo4
Silk Book (Before the invention of paper, books were most often written on bamboo, but also on silk.)
帛 书
Bo2shu1
singularity
奇 点
qi2dian3
Sirius, Dog Star, Canicula, Sothis (located in Canis Major - it's the brightest star in the sky because it is one of the closest and because it is a binary star system. In ancient Chinese astrology, it was an omen of invasion, an evil star.)
天 狼 星
Tian2lang2xing1
winter solstice
冬 至
dong1zhi4
summer solstice
夏 至
xia4zhi4
solstice (zhi4 is commonly used as an adjective meaning extreem, as a verb meaning to arrive and as prep. to, until - the use as solstice depends on context, if the context is not clear use zhi4dian3 至点 or zhi4ri4 至日.)
至
zhi4
Alpha Crucis (the brightest star in the Southern Cross)
南 十 字 星 座 α 星
Nan2shi2zi4zuo4 alpha xing1
Southern Cross, Crux, Crux Australis
南 十 字 座
Nan2shi2zi4zuo4
space travel
太 空 旅 行
tai4kong1 lu~3xing2
outer space
外 层 空 间
wai4ceng2 kong1jian1
space probe
空 间 探 索
kong1jian1 tan4suo3
space (as in space travel) (used to refer to outer space, space probe, space station)
空 间
kong1jian1
space station
空 间 站
kong1jian1zhan4
space suit
航 天 服
hang2tian1fu
space age
太 空 时 代
tai4kong1 shi2dai4
spaceman
宇 宙 人
yu3zhou4ren2
Spring and Autumn Annals (Written by Confucius - includes history of early dynasties and astronomical observations)
春 秋
Chun1qiu1
square table (Invented by Guo Shoujing during the Yuan Dynasty (1279-1368) to measure the azimuth of celestial bodies)
正 方 寨
zheng4fang1 zhai4
supernova (an exploding star that becomes very visible)
超 新 星
chao1xin1xing1
multiple star (three or more stars associated by gravity)
聚 星
variable star (varies in brightness)
变 星
bian4xing1
evening star
晚 星
wan3xing1
red dwarf (star)
红 矮 星
hong2ai3xing1
big star, famous (entertainment) star
companion star
伴 星
ban4xing1
neutron star (collapsed star composed of neutrons)
中 子 星
zhong1zi3xing1
morning star
晨 星
chen2xing1
nova, new star, temporary star (star that ejects some of its material in the form of a cloud)
新 星
xin1xing1
asterism, cluster of stars
星 群
xing1qun2
pulsar (spinning star that emits radio waves)
脉 冲 星
mai4chong1xing1
flare star (a variable red dwarf)
耀 星
yao4xing1
supergiant
超 巨 型 的 星
chao1ju4xing2 de xing1
binary star, double star
双 子 星
shuang1zi3xing1
fixed star (Ptolemaic theory of planetary motion had fixed stars to account for observations)
恒 星
heng2xing1
circumpolar star
拱 极 星
gong3ji2xing1
star catalog, star catalogue
星 表
xing1biao3
star cluster
星 团
xing1tuan2
star group
starless
没 有 星 的
mei2you3xing1 de
没 有 星 光 的
mei2you3xing1guang1 de
starlike, starry
星 形 的
xing1xing2 de
sun god, Apollo, Sol, Titan
太 阳 神
tai4yang2shen2
sundial, sun's shadow
日 晷
ri4gui3
sunspot
太 阳 黑 子
tai4yang2hei1zi3
syzygy theorem
合 系 定 理
he2xi4 ding4li3
Taurus, the Bull (constellation)
金 牛 座
Jin1niu2zuo4
space technology
空 间 技 术
kong1jian1 ji4shu4
equatorial telescope
赤 道 仪
chi4dao4 yi2
altazimuth telescope
地 平 经 纬 望 远 镜
di4ping2 jing1wei3 wang4yuan3jing4
reflecting telescope
反 射 望 远 镜
fan3shi4 wang4yuan3jing4
refractor telescope
折 射 镜 望 远 镜
zhe2she4jing4 wang4yuan3jing4
solar telescope
太 阳 望 远 镜
tai4yang2 wang4yuan3jing4
radio telescope
无 线 电 望 远 镜
wu2xian4dian4 wang4yuan3jing4
射 电 望 远 镜
she4dian4 wang4yuan3jing4
astronomical telescope
天 文 望 远 镜
tian1wen2 wang4yuan3jing4
telescope
望 远 镜
wang4yuan3jing4
zenith telescope
天 顶 仪
tian1ding3 yi2
refracting telescope
折 光 望 远 镜
zhe2guang1 wang4yuan3jing4
average surface temperature
表 面 平 均 温 度
biao3mian4 ping2jun1 wen1du4
Titan (Saturn's sixth moon or satellite - it's the largest and has a hazy nitrogen atmosphere )
土 卫 六
Tu3wei4liu4
泰 坦 星
Tai4tan3xing1
Tucana (constellation)
杜 鹃 座
Du4juan1zuo4
unit
单 位
dan1wei4
astronomical unit (AU)
天 文 单 位
tian1wen2 dan1wei4
Uranus
天 王 星
Tian1wang2xing1
Ursa Major, Great Bear (constellation)
大 熊 座
Da4xiong1zuo4
Ursa Minor, Little Bear, Little Dipper (constellation)
小 熊 座
Xiao3xiong1zuo4
Vega (brightest star in Lyra, a small constellation near Draco and Hercules.)
织 女 星
Zhi1nu~3xing1
escape velocity
逃 逸 速 度
tao2yi4 su4du4
Venus
天 金 星
Tian1jin1xing1
Ferdinand Verbiest (1623-1688 Jesuit astronomer from Belgium who designed astronomical instruments, worked on mathematics, and held positions in Emperor Kangxi's court.)
南 怀 仁
Nan2 Huai2ren2
Vesta (asteroid discovered in 1807 by H. W. Olbers - it's the brightest asteroid)
灶 神 星
Zao4shen2xing1
waning moon, last quarter moon
下 弦
xia4xian2
waxing crescent moon
眉 月
mei2yue4
waxing moon, first quarter moon
上 弦
shang4xian2
worm hole
虫 洞
chong2dong4
Great Year One; beginning of time (The theoretical beginning of time when the universe coalesced out of nothing.)
上 元
Shang4 Yuan2
the sidereal year
恒 星 年
heng2xing1nian2
leap year (an extra month - run4 - is added to the lunar calendar to adjust, so 13 months instead of 12)
闰 年
run4nian2
Yi Xing (683-727) (Chinese monk who was an astronomer and mathematician - 683-727 - described proper stellar motion)
一 行
Yi1 Xing2
Yu Kuang (Astronomer of the Liang Dynasty)
虞 邝
Yu2 Kuang4
Yu Xi (Astronomer of the Eastern Jin Dynasty)
虞 喜
Yu2 Xi3
Zhang Heng (78 - 139 Mathematician who invented the seismometer to measure earthquakes, 132 AD)
张 衡
Zhang1 Heng2
Zhao Fei (Astronomer of the Northern Liang kingdom)
赵 非
Zhao4 Fei1
Zu Chongzhi (429-500) (Chinese astronomer and mathematician - 429-500 - measured earth's precession)
祖 冲 之
Zu3 Chong1zhi1
Zu Geng (450-520 - Found the method to determine the diameter of a sphere when the volume is known, son of Zu Chongzhi)
祖 靠
Zu3 Geng4
http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/topics/topics.html Last Update: July 2012 © Marilyn Shea 1999, 2001, 2004, 2008, 2012
