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177_BeijingCityWall.html

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  5. 		<META Name= "description" Content = "The City Wall of Beijing provided fortifications to protect the Forbideen City and the seat of government.  Old pictures take you on a tour to the major gates that were used both as defense and as portals of welcome.">
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  21. 		<TITLE>Beijing City Wall and Gates - Dongbian Men 东便门</TITLE>
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  67. 					<td bgcolor="black"><A href="178_BeijingCityWall.html"><IMG src="../images/citywall_8917w.jpg" height="650" width="971" border=0 alt="173_"></a></td>
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  74. 			<h1><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Beijing City Wall</font><br><br>
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  75. 				<font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Dongbianmen </font><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><br>
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  76. 				</font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">东便门</font></h1>
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  82. 							<td><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">In this section we will take a tour of the various gates that gave access to the fortified city of Beijing.  We will start with the restored gate at Dongbianmen and proceed to the past to see the rest of the gates during the late 1800s and early 1900s.  The gates had different characters and different functions.  Deliveries of grain were made at one gate and meat to another.  The supporting businesses clustered around the gates to fascilitate trade.</font>
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  83. 								<p><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Below, there is a map of the central part of Beijing drawn by British cartographers in 1927. The areas in blue are outside the city walls. The various temples have been highlighted with yellow. The Temple of Earth (Ditan) in the north, the Temple of the Sun in the east, and the Temple of the Moon in the west are all outside the city walls. The Temple of Heaven (Tian Tan) and the Temple of Agriculture are both within the city walls in the south section of the city. At the time that the map was drawn, the Republic of China had been founded and the Qing Dynasty had ended. The cartographer indicated the Qing Dynasty names for the sections of the city. The upper brown section was called the Tartar City because only the Manchus, the rulers of China during the Qing Dynasty, were allowed to live there. The lower part of the brown section was known as the Outer City. Chinese were allowed to live there and build their business, most of which were necessary to the running of the imperial households. </font></p>
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  84. 								<p><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">The lighter portion in the center of the upper brown section is the Forbidden City, the imperial palace. The grounds included rivers and a good sized lake with an island. Today, only a third of the area is open to visitors. The west portion is used for government offices and residences. Mao Zedong lived there. The Forbidden City measures 1 mile (1.7 km) from the north to the south and roughly 1.1 miles (1.8 km) from the east to the west. The entire fortified city meansures roughly 5.3 miles (8.6 km) from the north to the south and 5 miles (8.1 km) from the east to the west at its widest point. To give you an easy reference, the Temple of Heaven in the south measures .9 mile (1.6 km) by 1 mile (1.7 km), but the area shown on the map below is slightly larger - 1.1 miles by 1.2 miles.</font></p>
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  85. 								<p><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Dongbianmen is marked with a large red X. A version of the map will be included for each of the gates as you go through the pages.</font></p>
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  94. 									<A href="178_BeijingCityWall.html"><IMG src="../images/mapDongBianMen.jpg" height="650" width="607" border=0 alt="173_"></a><br>
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  95. 									<font size="-1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica">British map drawn 1927.</font> <font size="-1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Library of Congress Geography and Map Division Washington (color added)</font></div>
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  101. <p align="left"><font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica">Jump to a gate......<br>
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  103. 																		<a href="http://hua.umf.maine.edu/China/HistoricBeijing/History/pages/177_BeijingCityWall.html"><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Dongbian Men </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">东便门</font></a>
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  106. <a href="http://hua.umf.maine.edu/China/HistoricBeijing/History/pages/197_BeijingCityWall.html"><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> Guangqumen </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">广渠门</font></a>
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  109. <a href="http://hua.umf.maine.edu/China/HistoricBeijing/History/pages/202_BeijingCityWall.html"><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Zuo'anmen </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">左安门</font></a>
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  112. <a href="http://hua.umf.maine.edu/China/HistoricBeijing/History/pages/204_BeijingCityWall.html"><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Yongdingmen </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">永定门</font></a>
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  115. <a href="http://hua.umf.maine.edu/China/HistoricBeijing/History/pages/208_BeijingCityWall.html"><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">You'anmen </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">右安门</font></a>
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  121. <a href="http://hua.umf.maine.edu/China/HistoricBeijing/History/pages/215_BeijingCityWall.html"><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Fuchengmen </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">阜成门</font></a>
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  134. <a href="http://hua.umf.maine.edu/China/HistoricBeijing/History/pages/236_BeijingCityWall.html"><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Dongzhimen </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">东直门</font></a>
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  137. <a href="http://hua.umf.maine.edu/China/HistoricBeijing/History/pages/239_BeijingCityWall.html"><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Chaoyangmen </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">朝阳门</font></a>
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  140. <a href="http://hua.umf.maine.edu/China/HistoricBeijing/History/pages/245_BeijingCityWall.html"><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Chongwenmen </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">崇文门</font></a>
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  143. <a href="http://hua.umf.maine.edu/China/HistoricBeijing/History/pages/252_BeijingCityWall.html"><font size="-1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Zhengyangmen </font><font size="+1" color="white" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">正阳门</font></a>
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  156. <font size="-1" face="Verdana,Arial,Helvetica"><a class="white" href="http://hua.umf.maine.edu/China/china.html">  China Index </a></font><font size+1 class="white"> >> </font><font size="-1" face="Verdana,Arial,Helvetica"><a class="white" href="http://hua.umf.maine.edu/China/beijing2.html">  Historic Beijing </a></font><font size+1 class="white"> >> </font><font size="-1" face="Verdana,Arial,Helvetica"><a class="white" href="http://hua.umf.maine.edu/China/HistoricBeijing/History/pages/177_BeijingCityWall.html">  Beijing City Wall </a></font>
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  160. 		<P><font size="-1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">http://hua.umf.maine.edu/China/beijing2.html<BR>Last
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  161. update:  May 2011<BR>&copy; Marilyn Shea, 2011 </FONT></P><HR>
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