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Chinese-Chine-nouvelle


			
				
					
						
						
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    <h1>Leçon 12 - Achats, prix</h1>

    <div class="resume">
      Apprenez à faire les courses en chinois, à demander le prix des choses. Grammaire, exemples et exercices. Vocabulaire : combien ça coûte? Vendez-vous des cartes de Pékin?
    </div>

      <h2 id="sigil_toc_id_504">Contenu de la leçon</h2>

      <div class="contents">
        <ul>
          <li>Conversation 1 :Vendez-vous des cartes de Pékin?</li>

          <li>Conversation 2:</li>

          <li>Combien pour une livre de raisin? Conversation 3 :</li>

          <li>Voulez-vous quelque chose d'autre? Conversation 4 :</li>

          <li>Combien en tout?</li>

          <li>Grammaire</li>

          <li>Exercices de Subsitution</li>
        </ul>
      </div>
    

      <h2 id="sigil_toc_id_505">Conversation 1 : Vendez-vous des cartes de Pékin?</h2>

      <audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/12-01.mp3"></audio>

      <ul>
        <li>- <span class="hanzi">小姐有北京地图吗？</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Xiǎojiě, yǒu Běijīng dìtú ma ?</span><br/> - Mademoiselle, vendez-vous ( Y a-t-il ) des cartes de Pékin? *</li>

        <li>- <span class="hanzi">有,这些都是. 你要哪种？</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Yǒu, zhè xiē dōu shì. Nǐ yào nǎ zhǒng ?</span><br/> - Oui, elles sont toutes là. Quel genre voulez-vous?</li>

        <li>- <span class="hanzi">这种地图多少钱一张？</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Zhè zhǒng dìtú duōshao qián yì zhāng?</span><br/> - Ce genre-ci, combien pour une?</li>

        <li>- <span class="hanzi">两块5一张。</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Liǎng kuài wǔ yì zhāng.</span><br/> - 2.5 Yuans l'une.<br/> - <span class="hanzi">要一张。</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Yào yì zhāng.</span><br/> - J'en prends une.<br/></li>
      </ul>

      <p>* Les deux personnes du dialogue s'adressent en utilisant <span class="hanzi">你</span> (tu), le dialogue a cependant été traduit en remplaçant le tutoiement par le vouvoiement, qui serait d'usage en français dans ce genre de situation.</p>

        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_506">Vocabulaire</h3>

        <table class="table1">
          <thead>
            <tr class="header">
              <th>
                Hanzi
              </th>

              <th>
                Pinyin
              </th>

              <th>
                Type<br/>

                grammatical
              </th>

              <th>
                Traduction
              </th>
            </tr>
          </thead>

          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">有</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">yǒu</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (v)
              </td>

              <td>
                avoir, il y a
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">些</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">xiē</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (m)
              </td>

              <td>
                quelque
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">要</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">yào</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (v)
              </td>

              <td>
                vouloir, souhaiter
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">种</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">zhǒng</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (m)
              </td>

              <td>
                type, genre
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">多少</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">duōshao</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (pro)
              </td>

              <td>
                combien
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">钱</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">qián</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                argent
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">块</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">kuài</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (sp)
              </td>

              <td>
                (spécificatif)
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
      
    

      <h2 id="sigil_toc_id_507">Conversation 2 : Combien pour une livre de raisin?</h2>

      <audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/12-02.mp3"></audio>

      <ul>
        <li>- <span class="hanzi">葡萄多少钱一斤？</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Pútao duōshao qián yì jīn ?</span><br/> - Combien pour une livre de raisin? ( raisin, combien une livre? )</li>

        <li>- <span class="hanzi">两块5一斤。 你要几斤？</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Liǎng kuài wǔ yì jīn. Nǐ yào jǐ jīn ?</span><br/> - 2.5 Yuans la livre. Combien de livres en voulez-vous?</li>

        <li>- <span class="hanzi">我要3斤半。</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ yào sān jīn bàn.</span><br/> - J'en veux trois livres et demi.<br/></li>
      </ul>

        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_508">Vocabulaire</h3>

        <table class="table1">
          <thead>
            <tr class="header">
              <th>
                Hanzi
              </th>

              <th>
                Pinyin
              </th>

              <th>
                Type<br/>

                grammatical
              </th>

              <th>
                Traduction
              </th>
            </tr>
          </thead>

          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">葡萄</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">pútao</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                raisin
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">斤</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">jīn</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (sp)
              </td>

              <td>
                ( unité de mesure ) 0.5 kg
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">半</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">bàn</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                moitié
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
      
    

      <h2 id="sigil_toc_id_509">Conversation 3 : Voulez-vous quelque chose d'autre?</h2>

      <audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/12-03.mp3"></audio>

      <ul>
        <li>- <span class="hanzi">您还要什么？</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Nín hái yào shénme ?</span><br/> - Désirez-vous autre chose?</li>

        <li>- <span class="hanzi">还要3斤草莓.西瓜怎么卖？</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Hái yào sān jīn cǎoméi. Xīguā zěnme mài ?</span><br/> - Je veux aussi 3 livres de fraises. Et combien pour les pastèques? ( Les pastèques, comment les vendez-vous? )</li>

        <li>- <span class="hanzi">8毛一斤. 一个差不多有4斤。</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Bā máo yì jīn. Yí gè chàbuduō yǒu sì jīn.</span><br/> - 8 Maos la livre. Une fait environ 4 livres.</li>

        <li>- <span class="hanzi">再来一个西瓜。</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Zài lái yí gè xīguā.</span><br/> - Mettez-moi aussi une pastèque.<br/></li>
      </ul>

        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_510">Vocabulaire</h3>

        <table class="table1">
          <thead>
            <tr class="header">
              <th>
                Hanzi
              </th>

              <th>
                Pinyin
              </th>

              <th>
                Type<br/>

                grammatical
              </th>

              <th>
                Traduction
              </th>
            </tr>
          </thead>

          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">还</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">hái</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (adv)
              </td>

              <td>
                aussi, encore
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">草莓</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">cǎoméi</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                fraise
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">怎么</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">zěnme</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (pro)
              </td>

              <td>
                comment
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">卖</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">mài</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (v)
              </td>

              <td>
                vendre
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">西瓜</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">xīguā</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                pastèque
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">毛</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">máo</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (m)
              </td>

              <td>
                ( unité monétaire ) 0.1 yuan
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">差不多</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">chàbuduō</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (adv)
              </td>

              <td>
                environ, à peu près
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">再</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">zài</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                aussi, à nouveau
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">来</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">lái</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (v)
              </td>

              <td>
                venir, prendre
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
      
    

      <h2 id="sigil_toc_id_511">Conversation 4 : Combien en tout?</h2>

      <audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/12-04.mp3"></audio>

      <ul>
        <li>-<span class="hanzi"> 一共多少钱？</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Yígòng duōshao qián ?</span><br/> - Combien en tout?</li>

        <li>- <span class="hanzi">一共２９块９毛５分。</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Yígòng èrshíjiǔ kuài jiǔ máo wǔ fēn.</span><br/> - Au total, 29.95 Yuans ( 29 Yuans 9 Maos 5 Centimes ).</li>

        <li>- <span class="hanzi">我没, 零钱这是,５０您找吧。</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ méi língqián, zhè shi wǔshí, ５０ nín zhǎo ba.</span><br/> - Je n'ai pas de monnaie, voilà 50 ( Yuans ), rendez-moi la monnaie s'il vous plait.<br/></li>
      </ul>

        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_512">Vocabulaire</h3>

        <table class="table1">
          <thead>
            <tr class="header">
              <th>
                Hanzi
              </th>

              <th>
                Pinyin
              </th>

              <th>
                Type<br/>

                grammatical
              </th>

              <th>
                Traduction
              </th>
            </tr>
          </thead>

          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">一共</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">yígòng</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (adv)
              </td>

              <td>
                en tout, au total
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">分</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">fēn</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (sp)
              </td>

              <td>
                (unité monétaire) centime
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">零钱</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">língqián</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                petite monnaie
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">找</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">zhǎo</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (v)
              </td>

              <td>
                rendre la monnaie
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">吧</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">ba</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (part)
              </td>

              <td>
                (particule)
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
      
    

      <h2 id="sigil_toc_id_513">Grammaire</h2>

        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_514">Pronoms démonstratifs <span class="hanzist">这</span> et <span class="hanzist">那</span></h3>

        <p>Lorsque les pronoms démonstratifs <span class="hanzi">这</span> ou <span class="hanzi">那</span> sont utilisés comme attributs, le nom qu'ils qualifient doit être précédé d'un spécificatif.</p>

        <p>Exemples:</p>

        <div class="exemple">
          <ul>
            <li>- <span class="hanzi">这 种地图</span><br/>- <br/>- ce genre de carte</li>

            <li>- <span class="hanzi">这 个月</span><br/>- <br/>- ce mois (-ci)</li>

            <li>- <span class="hanzi">那 个老师</span><br/>- <br/>- ce professeur (-là)<br/></li>
          </ul>
        </div>
      

        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_515">Le spécificatif <span class="hanzist">些</span></h3>

        <p><span class="hanzi">些</span> est un spécificatif qui indique une quantité indéfinie. Il est souvent utilisé après <span class="hanzi">这, 那, 哪...</span></p>

        <p>Exemples:</p>

        <div class="exemple">
          <ul>
            <li>- <span class="hanzi">一 些 东西</span><br/>- <br/>- quelques objets</li>

            <li>- <span class="hanzi">这 些 地图</span><br/>- <br/>- ces cartes (-ci)</li>

            <li>- <span class="hanzi">哪 些 人？</span><br/>- <br/>- quelles personnes?<br/></li>
          </ul>
        </div>
      
    

      <h2 id="sigil_toc_id_516">Exercices de Subsitution</h2>

        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_517">Exercice 1</h3>

        <table class="table1">
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td>
                - <span class="hanzi">小姐,有<span class="encadrerouge">北京地图</span>吗？</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                - <span class="pinyin">Xiǎojiě, yǒu <span class="encadrerouge">Běijīng dìtú</span> ma ?</span>
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                - <span class="hanzi">有, 这些都是。</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                - <span class="pinyin">Yǒu, zhè xiē dōu shì.</span>
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>

        <p><br/></p>

        <table class="table1">
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">铅笔</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">qiānbǐ</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                stylo
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">杂志</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">zázhì</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                magazine
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">杯子</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">bēizi</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                verre
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">本子</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">běnzi</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                cahier
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">包</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">bào</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                sac
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">香蕉</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">xiāngjiāo</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                banane
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">樱桃</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">yīngtáo</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                cerise
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
      

        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_518">Exercice 2</h3>

        <p><br/></p>

        <table class="table1">
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td>
                - <span class="hanzi">这种<span class="encadrerouge">地图</span>多少钱一<span class="encadrerouge">张</span>？</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                - <span class="pinyin">Zhè zhǒng <span class="encadrerouge">dìtú</span> duōshao qián yì <span class="encadrerouge">zhāng</span>?</span>
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                - <span class="hanzi"><span class="encadrerouge">５</span>块一<span class="encadrerouge">张</span>。</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                - <span class="pinyin"><span class="encadrerouge">wǔ</span> kuài yì <span class="encadrerouge">zhāng</span>.</span>
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>

        <p><br/></p>

        <table class="table1">
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <th colspan="3">
                <p>Nom</p>
              </th>

              <th colspan="2">
                <p>Spé.</p>
              </th>

              <th>
                <p>Prix</p>
              </th>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">铅笔</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">qiānbǐ</span></p>
              </td>

              <td width="75">
                <p>stylo</p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">支</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">zhī</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p>1.50</p>
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">杂志</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">zázhì</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p>magazine</p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">本</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">běn</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p>6.20</p>
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">杯子</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">bēizi</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p>verre</p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">个</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">gè</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p>3.45</p>
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">雨伞</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">yǔsǎn</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p>parapluie</p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">把</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">bǎ</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p>54.30</p>
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
      

        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_519">Exercice 3</h3>

        <table class="table1">
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td>
                - <span class="hanzi">你<span class="encadrerouge">要</span>几斤？</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ <span class="encadrerouge">yào</span> jǐ jīn ?</span><br/>
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                - <span class="hanzi">我<span class="encadrerouge">要</span><span class="encadrerouge">３斤</span>。</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ <span class="encadrerouge">yǎo</span> <span class="encadrerouge">sān jīn</span>.</span><br/>
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>

        <p><br/></p>

        <table class="table1">
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <th colspan="3">
                <p>Verbe</p>
              </th>

              <th colspan="2">
                <p>Spéc.</p>
              </th>

              <th colspan="3">
                <p>Quantité</p>
              </th>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">买</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">mǎi</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p>acheter</p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">个</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">gè</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p>1</p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">yì</span></p>
              </td>

              <td></td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">来</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">lái</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p>prendre</p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">斤</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">jīn</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">半</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">bàn</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p>demi</p>
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">要</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">yǎo</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p>vouloir</p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="hanzi">张</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">zhāng</span></p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p>３</p>
              </td>

              <td>
                <p><span class="pinyin">sān</span></p>
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>

        <p><span id="lesson13.xhtml"></span></p>
      
    
  
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