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- 1
- 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:02,600
- Standard Chinese, a modular approach.
- 2
- 00:00:02,600 --> 00:00:07,600
- Orientation Module Unit 3, Comprehension Tape 1.
- 3
- 00:00:07,600 --> 00:00:10,100
- In this tape you learn to understand questions and answers
- 4
- 00:00:10,100 --> 00:00:11,600
- about what country you're from
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- and what part of the country.
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- 00:00:13,500 --> 00:00:16,200
- We should mention that in Chinese, more often than not,
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- these questions are really asking where you were from originally
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- or even where your family was from originally.
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- 00:00:22,000 --> 00:00:24,500
- The proper answer for a first generation Chinese American
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- might well be that he's Chinese.
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- A lifelong peaking resident of Cantonese parentage
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- might well say that he's Cantonese.
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- 00:00:32,500 --> 00:00:35,400
- Later we'll learn to refer specifically to current nationality
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- 00:00:35,400 --> 00:00:39,400
- and residents, as well as to ethnic and regional origins.
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- 00:00:39,400 --> 00:00:42,600
- First, let's take up questions about nationality.
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- 00:00:42,600 --> 00:00:45,200
- Listen to the following exchange.
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- Are you an American?
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- 00:00:47,100 --> 00:00:49,500
- 你是美國人嗎?
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- 00:00:49,500 --> 00:00:51,600
- 你是美國人嗎?
- 20
- 00:00:51,600 --> 00:00:53,400
- I'm an American.
- 21
- 00:00:53,400 --> 00:00:55,500
- 我是美國人.
- 22
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- 我是美國人.
- 23
- 00:00:57,900 --> 00:01:02,700
- Here's the word for America in the sense of the United States of America.
- 24
- 00:01:02,700 --> 00:01:08,600
- 美國
- 25
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- May was suggested phonetically by the second syllable of America.
- 26
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- May also has a complimentary meaning, beautiful.
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- 00:01:17,200 --> 00:01:19,200
- 國 means country,
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- so 美國 means the beautiful country.
- 29
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- Notice that 國 takes the neutral tone in a country name.
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- Listen to America.
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- 美國
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- Here's the word for person.
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- 人
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- The word for an American combines America,
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- 美國, and person,
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- 人 into America person.
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- Listen.
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- 美國人
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- Listen for 美國人
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- an American.
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- 00:01:59,200 --> 00:02:01,000
- Are you an American?
- 42
- 00:02:01,000 --> 00:02:03,200
- 你是美國人嗎?
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- 00:02:03,200 --> 00:02:05,300
- 你是美國人嗎?
- 44
- 00:02:05,300 --> 00:02:06,800
- I'm an American.
- 45
- 00:02:06,800 --> 00:02:08,700
- 我是美國人.
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- 我是美國人.
- 47
- 00:02:10,800 --> 00:02:12,300
- Here it is live.
- 48
- 00:02:12,300 --> 00:02:13,800
- 你是美國人嗎?
- 49
- 00:02:13,800 --> 00:02:15,400
- 我是美國人.
- 50
- 00:02:15,400 --> 00:02:16,500
- Again.
- 51
- 00:02:16,500 --> 00:02:17,900
- 你是美國人嗎?
- 52
- 00:02:17,900 --> 00:02:19,900
- 我是美國人.
- 53
- 00:02:19,900 --> 00:02:21,400
- Here's a similar exchange.
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- Listen.
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- Are you Chinese?
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- 你是中國人嗎?
- 57
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- 你是中國人嗎?
- 58
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- I'm Chinese.
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- 我是中國人.
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- 我是中國人.
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- Here's the word for China.
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- 中國
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- 中 means middle.
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- 中國 is often translated as the middle kingdom.
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- Here's the word for a Chinese,
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- literally China person.
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- 中國人
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- Listen for 中國人, Chinese.
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- Are you Chinese?
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- 你是中國人嗎?
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- 你是中國人嗎?
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- I'm Chinese.
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- 00:03:07,800 --> 00:03:09,500
- 我是中國人.
- 74
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- 我是中國人.
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- Here it is live.
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- 你是中國人嗎?
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- 我是中國人.
- 78
- 00:03:16,300 --> 00:03:17,400
- Again.
- 79
- 00:03:17,400 --> 00:03:18,800
- 你是中國人嗎?
- 80
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- 我是中國人.
- 81
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- Let's see if you can follow this new live exchange.
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- Listen carefully.
- 83
- 00:03:26,000 --> 00:03:27,600
- 你是中國人嗎?
- 84
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- 我不是中國人,是美國人.
- 85
- 00:03:30,500 --> 00:03:31,800
- Again.
- 86
- 00:03:31,800 --> 00:03:33,400
- 你是中國人嗎?
- 87
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- 我不是中國人,是美國人.
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- To check up on your understanding of this exchange,
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- here it is with the pause after each sentence and then the English.
- 90
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- Translate to yourself during the pause.
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- 你是中國人嗎?
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- 00:03:51,600 --> 00:03:53,600
- Are you Chinese?
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- 我不是中國人.
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- I'm not Chinese.
- 95
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- 是美國人.
- 96
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- I'm an American.
- 97
- 00:04:06,400 --> 00:04:08,900
- Notice that we translate 是美國人,
- 98
- 00:04:08,900 --> 00:04:11,900
- the same way we would translate 我是美國人,
- 99
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- I'm an American.
- 100
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- Even though the word war does not appear,
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- you know from the context that the subject is I,
- 102
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- and you can hardly leave it out in English.
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- Here's a new exchange.
- 104
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- Listen carefully.
- 105
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- Mr. Wang, are you English?
- 106
- 00:04:26,800 --> 00:04:30,400
- 王先生,你是英國人嗎?
- 107
- 00:04:30,400 --> 00:04:33,300
- 王先生,你是英國人嗎?
- 108
- 00:04:33,300 --> 00:04:35,300
- I'm not English.
- 109
- 00:04:35,300 --> 00:04:39,900
- 我不是英國人,我不是英國人.
- 110
- 00:04:39,900 --> 00:04:42,100
- Here's the word for England.
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- 英國,英國,英國.
- 112
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- And here's the word for Englishman.
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- 英國人,英國人,英國人.
- 114
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- Listen for a英國人 in the following conversation.
- 115
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- Mr. Wang, are you English?
- 116
- 00:05:02,800 --> 00:05:06,000
- 王先生,你是英國人嗎?
- 117
- 00:05:06,000 --> 00:05:09,300
- 王先生,你是英國人嗎?
- 118
- 00:05:09,300 --> 00:05:11,300
- I'm not English.
- 119
- 00:05:11,300 --> 00:05:16,100
- 我不是英國人,我不是英國人.
- 120
- 00:05:16,100 --> 00:05:17,700
- Here it is live.
- 121
- 00:05:17,700 --> 00:05:19,900
- 王先生,你是英國人嗎?
- 122
- 00:05:19,900 --> 00:05:21,800
- 我不是英國人.
- 123
- 00:05:21,800 --> 00:05:23,100
- Again.
- 124
- 00:05:23,100 --> 00:05:25,500
- 王先生,你是英國人嗎?
- 125
- 00:05:25,500 --> 00:05:29,000
- 我不是英國人.
- 126
- 00:05:29,000 --> 00:05:32,600
- It may have struck you that we've been asking what we call yes-no questions
- 127
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- without actually answering them with yes or no.
- 128
- 00:05:35,600 --> 00:05:38,800
- This is because there is no single word for yes or no in Chinese.
- 129
- 00:05:38,800 --> 00:05:42,900
- There are several ways to convey a yes or no response.
- 130
- 00:05:42,900 --> 00:05:45,500
- The closest Chinese equivalent to a yes or no
- 131
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- is an answer stripped down to its essentials,
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- often the verb alone for yes or the verb plus the negative for no.
- 133
- 00:05:52,500 --> 00:05:54,700
- Listen to this conversation.
- 134
- 00:05:54,700 --> 00:05:56,700
- Are you Chinese?
- 135
- 00:05:56,700 --> 00:06:00,800
- 你是中國人嗎?
- 136
- 00:06:00,800 --> 00:06:02,400
- No.
- 137
- 00:06:02,400 --> 00:06:06,200
- 不是.不是.
- 138
- 00:06:06,200 --> 00:06:08,000
- Are you an American?
- 139
- 00:06:08,000 --> 00:06:12,100
- 你是美國人嗎?
- 140
- 00:06:12,100 --> 00:06:13,500
- Yes.
- 141
- 00:06:13,500 --> 00:06:15,400
- 是.
- 142
- 00:06:15,400 --> 00:06:18,200
- 是.
- 143
- 00:06:18,200 --> 00:06:22,800
- Literally, the answers are not am and am.
- 144
- 00:06:22,800 --> 00:06:24,800
- A compromised translation would be
- 145
- 00:06:24,800 --> 00:06:27,200
- I am not and I am.
- 146
- 00:06:27,200 --> 00:06:29,400
- Listen again live.
- 147
- 00:06:29,400 --> 00:06:30,900
- 你是中國人嗎?
- 148
- 00:06:30,900 --> 00:06:32,100
- 不是.
- 149
- 00:06:32,100 --> 00:06:33,600
- 你是美國人嗎?
- 150
- 00:06:33,600 --> 00:06:34,900
- 是.
- 151
- 00:06:34,900 --> 00:06:36,200
- Again.
- 152
- 00:06:36,200 --> 00:06:37,900
- 你是中國人嗎?
- 153
- 00:06:37,900 --> 00:06:39,300
- 不是.
- 154
- 00:06:39,300 --> 00:06:40,800
- 你是美國人嗎?
- 155
- 00:06:40,800 --> 00:06:42,900
- 是.
- 156
- 00:06:42,900 --> 00:06:44,800
- It's possible to strip a negative reply
- 157
- 00:06:44,800 --> 00:06:46,000
- down to 不.
- 158
- 00:06:46,000 --> 00:06:46,600
- Not.
- 159
- 00:06:46,600 --> 00:06:48,000
- without the verb.
- 160
- 00:06:48,000 --> 00:06:51,400
- But this is considered a bit too abrupt for polite usage.
- 161
- 00:06:51,400 --> 00:06:52,800
- However, following 不.
- 162
- 00:06:52,800 --> 00:06:53,500
- Not.
- 163
- 00:06:53,500 --> 00:06:56,400
- with the full sentence changes this.
- 164
- 00:06:56,400 --> 00:06:57,300
- Frequently,
- 165
- 00:06:57,300 --> 00:06:59,900
- a short answer like 是 or 不 是
- 166
- 00:06:59,900 --> 00:07:01,600
- is followed by the full answer.
- 167
- 00:07:01,600 --> 00:07:02,900
- Listen.
- 168
- 00:07:02,900 --> 00:07:04,900
- Is Miss Ma an American?
- 169
- 00:07:04,900 --> 00:07:10,000
- 馬小姐是美國人嗎?
- 170
- 00:07:10,000 --> 00:07:10,800
- No.
- 171
- 00:07:10,800 --> 00:07:13,100
- She's not an American.
- 172
- 00:07:13,100 --> 00:07:14,000
- 不是.
- 173
- 00:07:14,000 --> 00:07:16,600
- 她不是美國人.
- 174
- 00:07:16,600 --> 00:07:17,500
- 不是.
- 175
- 00:07:17,500 --> 00:07:21,100
- 她不是美國人.
- 176
- 00:07:21,100 --> 00:07:22,800
- Is she Chinese?
- 177
- 00:07:22,800 --> 00:07:24,900
- 她是中國人嗎?
- 178
- 00:07:24,900 --> 00:07:27,200
- 她是中國人嗎?
- 179
- 00:07:27,200 --> 00:07:27,800
- Yes.
- 180
- 00:07:27,800 --> 00:07:29,700
- She's Chinese.
- 181
- 00:07:29,700 --> 00:07:30,200
- 是.
- 182
- 00:07:30,200 --> 00:07:32,100
- 她是中國人.
- 183
- 00:07:32,100 --> 00:07:32,700
- 是.
- 184
- 00:07:32,700 --> 00:07:34,700
- 她是中國人.
- 185
- 00:07:34,700 --> 00:07:35,400
- Here it is.
- 186
- 00:07:35,400 --> 00:07:36,200
- Again.
- 187
- 00:07:36,200 --> 00:07:37,800
- Live.
- 188
- 00:07:37,800 --> 00:07:39,900
- 馬小姐是美國人嗎?
- 189
- 00:07:39,900 --> 00:07:40,400
- 不是.
- 190
- 00:07:40,400 --> 00:07:41,800
- 她不是美國人.
- 191
- 00:07:41,800 --> 00:07:43,400
- 她是中國人嗎?
- 192
- 00:07:43,400 --> 00:07:44,000
- 是.
- 193
- 00:07:44,000 --> 00:07:46,200
- 她是中國人.
- 194
- 00:07:46,200 --> 00:07:47,600
- Again.
- 195
- 00:07:47,600 --> 00:07:49,800
- 馬小姐是美國人嗎?
- 196
- 00:07:49,800 --> 00:07:50,500
- 不是.
- 197
- 00:07:50,500 --> 00:07:52,000
- 她不是美國人.
- 198
- 00:07:52,000 --> 00:07:53,600
- 她是中國人嗎?
- 199
- 00:07:53,600 --> 00:07:54,000
- 是.
- 200
- 00:07:54,000 --> 00:07:56,300
- 她是中國人.
- 201
- 00:07:56,300 --> 00:07:57,100
- Now,
- 202
- 00:07:57,100 --> 00:08:02,300
- Professor Zhou is going over his class list for next semester with the dean.
- 203
- 00:08:02,300 --> 00:08:05,300
- He has heard that some of his students will be foreign students.
- 204
- 00:08:05,300 --> 00:08:08,000
- Listen to part of the conversation live.
- 205
- 00:08:08,000 --> 00:08:10,100
- 馬小姐是美國人嗎?
- 206
- 00:08:10,100 --> 00:08:10,800
- 不是.
- 207
- 00:08:10,800 --> 00:08:13,700
- 馬小姐不是美人,她是中國人.
- 208
- 00:08:13,700 --> 00:08:14,500
- Oh,
- 209
- 00:08:14,500 --> 00:08:15,700
- 他是中國人,
- 210
- 00:08:15,700 --> 00:08:17,100
- 白小姐呢?
- 211
- 00:08:17,100 --> 00:08:18,600
- 她是英國人嗎?
- 212
- 00:08:18,600 --> 00:08:19,400
- 不是.
- 213
- 00:08:19,400 --> 00:08:20,600
- 她不是英國人,
- 214
- 00:08:20,600 --> 00:08:22,400
- 白小姐是美國人.
- 215
- 00:08:22,400 --> 00:08:23,800
- Again.
- 216
- 00:08:23,800 --> 00:08:25,900
- 馬小姐是美國人嗎?
- 217
- 00:08:25,900 --> 00:08:26,900
- 不是.
- 218
- 00:08:26,900 --> 00:08:28,600
- 馬小姐不是美國人,
- 219
- 00:08:28,600 --> 00:08:30,200
- 她是中國人.
- 220
- 00:08:30,200 --> 00:08:31,100
- Oh,
- 221
- 00:08:31,100 --> 00:08:32,200
- 她是中國人,
- 222
- 00:08:32,200 --> 00:08:33,500
- 白小姐呢?
- 223
- 00:08:33,500 --> 00:08:35,000
- 她是英國人嗎?
- 224
- 00:08:35,000 --> 00:08:35,900
- 不是.
- 225
- 00:08:35,900 --> 00:08:37,500
- 她不是英國人,
- 226
- 00:08:37,500 --> 00:08:39,200
- 白小姐是美國人.
- 227
- 00:08:39,200 --> 00:08:45,200
- Here it is with the English following. Use the pauses to translate to yourself.
- 228
- 00:08:45,200 --> 00:08:49,200
- 马小姐是美国人吗?
- 229
- 00:08:49,200 --> 00:08:52,200
- Is Miss Ma an American?
- 230
- 00:08:52,200 --> 00:08:57,200
- 不是,马小姐不是美国人。
- 231
- 00:08:57,200 --> 00:09:00,200
- No, Miss Ma is not American.
- 232
- 00:09:00,200 --> 00:09:03,200
- 她是中国人。
- 233
- 00:09:03,200 --> 00:09:05,200
- She is Chinese.
- 234
- 00:09:05,200 --> 00:09:09,200
- 哦,她是中国人。
- 235
- 00:09:09,200 --> 00:09:11,200
- Oh, she is Chinese.
- 236
- 00:09:11,200 --> 00:09:13,200
- 白小姐呢?
- 237
- 00:09:13,200 --> 00:09:15,200
- And Miss Bai?
- 238
- 00:09:15,200 --> 00:09:18,200
- 她是英国人吗?
- 239
- 00:09:18,200 --> 00:09:20,200
- Is she English?
- 240
- 00:09:20,200 --> 00:09:24,200
- 不是,她不是英国人。
- 241
- 00:09:24,200 --> 00:09:27,200
- No, she is not English.
- 242
- 00:09:27,200 --> 00:09:31,200
- 她是美国人。
- 243
- 00:09:31,200 --> 00:09:34,200
- She is American.
- 244
- 00:09:34,200 --> 00:09:38,200
- So far, we've only been asking yes-no questions about nationality.
- 245
- 00:09:38,200 --> 00:09:42,200
- Now listen to a question asking which country someone is from.
- 246
- 00:09:42,200 --> 00:09:44,200
- What's your nationality?
- 247
- 00:09:44,200 --> 00:09:48,200
- 你是美国人。
- 248
- 00:09:48,200 --> 00:09:50,200
- I'm an American.
- 249
- 00:09:50,200 --> 00:09:55,200
- 我是美国人。
- 250
- 00:09:55,200 --> 00:09:58,200
- The word for which is...
- 251
- 00:09:58,200 --> 00:10:04,200
- 美,美,美。
- 252
- 00:10:04,200 --> 00:10:06,200
- The word for which,
- 253
- 00:10:06,200 --> 00:10:08,200
- 美, is a bound word.
- 254
- 00:10:08,200 --> 00:10:10,200
- That is, it can't stand by itself.
- 255
- 00:10:10,200 --> 00:10:13,200
- If you add another bound word,国, meaning country,
- 256
- 00:10:13,200 --> 00:10:17,200
- you have a free word meaning which country. Listen.
- 257
- 00:10:17,200 --> 00:10:22,200
- 美国,美国,美国。
- 258
- 00:10:22,200 --> 00:10:25,200
- Now add person,人, to which country,
- 259
- 00:10:25,200 --> 00:10:28,200
- 美国,美国。And you have which country person?
- 260
- 00:10:28,200 --> 00:10:30,200
- 美国人。
- 261
- 00:10:30,200 --> 00:10:33,200
- Notice that,国, loses its tone.
- 262
- 00:10:33,200 --> 00:10:39,200
- 美国人,美国人,美国人。
- 263
- 00:10:39,200 --> 00:10:41,200
- Listen for,美国人,
- 264
- 00:10:41,200 --> 00:10:44,200
- which country person in the exchange.
- 265
- 00:10:44,200 --> 00:10:47,200
- What's your nationality?
- 266
- 00:10:47,200 --> 00:10:51,200
- 你是美国人。
- 267
- 00:10:51,200 --> 00:10:53,200
- I'm American.
- 268
- 00:10:53,200 --> 00:10:58,200
- 我是美国人。
- 269
- 00:10:58,200 --> 00:11:00,200
- Notice that, the idiomatic translation.
- 270
- 00:11:00,200 --> 00:11:02,200
- What's your nationality?
- 271
- 00:11:02,200 --> 00:11:05,200
- Has to be rather far from the word for word translation.
- 272
- 00:11:05,200 --> 00:11:07,200
- You are which country person?
- 273
- 00:11:07,200 --> 00:11:09,200
- Here it is live.
- 274
- 00:11:09,200 --> 00:11:12,200
- 你是美国人。
- 275
- 00:11:12,200 --> 00:11:13,200
- Again.
- 276
- 00:11:13,200 --> 00:11:16,200
- 你是美国人。
- 277
- 00:11:16,200 --> 00:11:18,200
- Here's a new live exchange.
- 278
- 00:11:18,200 --> 00:11:20,200
- 你是美国人。
- 279
- 00:11:20,200 --> 00:11:21,200
- 我是中国人。
- 280
- 00:11:21,200 --> 00:11:22,200
- Again.
- 281
- 00:11:22,200 --> 00:11:24,200
- 你是美国人。
- 282
- 00:11:24,200 --> 00:11:26,200
- 我是中国人。
- 283
- 00:11:26,200 --> 00:11:28,200
- Here it is with the English following.
- 284
- 00:11:28,200 --> 00:11:32,200
- 你是美国人。
- 285
- 00:11:32,200 --> 00:11:34,200
- What's your nationality?
- 286
- 00:11:34,200 --> 00:11:37,200
- 我是中国人。
- 287
- 00:11:37,200 --> 00:11:39,200
- I'm Chinese.
- 288
- 00:11:39,200 --> 00:11:41,200
- Here's another live dialogue.
- 289
- 00:11:41,200 --> 00:11:43,200
- Listen carefully.
- 290
- 00:11:43,200 --> 00:11:45,200
- 马先生是美国人吗?
- 291
- 00:11:45,200 --> 00:11:48,200
- 不是,他不是美国人。
- 292
- 00:11:48,200 --> 00:11:49,200
- 他是哪国人?
- 293
- 00:11:49,200 --> 00:11:51,200
- 他是中国人。
- 294
- 00:11:51,200 --> 00:11:53,200
- Try translating it.
- 295
- 00:11:53,200 --> 00:11:55,200
- 马先生是美国人吗?
- 296
- 00:11:55,200 --> 00:11:58,200
- 不是,他不是美国人。
- 297
- 00:11:58,200 --> 00:11:59,200
- 他是哪国人?
- 298
- 00:11:59,200 --> 00:12:02,200
- 他是中国人。
- 299
- 00:12:02,200 --> 00:12:04,200
- Try translating it.
- 300
- 00:12:04,200 --> 00:12:09,200
- 马先生是美国人吗?
- 301
- 00:12:09,200 --> 00:12:11,200
- Is Mr. Ma an American?
- 302
- 00:12:11,200 --> 00:12:16,200
- 不是,他不是美国人。
- 303
- 00:12:16,200 --> 00:12:19,200
- No, he isn't an American.
- 304
- 00:12:19,200 --> 00:12:22,200
- 他是美国人。
- 305
- 00:12:22,200 --> 00:12:24,200
- What's his nationality?
- 306
- 00:12:24,200 --> 00:12:27,200
- 他是中国人。
- 307
- 00:12:27,200 --> 00:12:30,200
- He's Chinese.
- 308
- 00:12:30,200 --> 00:12:32,200
- American,美国人,
- 309
- 00:12:32,200 --> 00:12:34,200
- and which country person,
- 310
- 00:12:34,200 --> 00:12:36,200
- 美国人, are confusingly alike.
- 311
- 00:12:36,200 --> 00:12:39,200
- Sometimes you may not catch whether it was an M for mother
- 312
- 00:12:39,200 --> 00:12:41,200
- or an N for nephew.
- 313
- 00:12:41,200 --> 00:12:42,200
- But notice that,
- 314
- 00:12:42,200 --> 00:12:44,200
- are you an American?
- 315
- 00:12:44,200 --> 00:12:45,200
- is a yes-no question,
- 316
- 00:12:45,200 --> 00:12:46,200
- and so has the yes-no question
- 317
- 00:12:46,200 --> 00:12:48,200
- marga ma at the end.
- 318
- 00:12:48,200 --> 00:12:50,200
- While what's your nationality
- 319
- 00:12:50,200 --> 00:12:52,200
- is not a yes-no question,
- 320
- 00:12:52,200 --> 00:12:54,200
- and so doesn't have ma at the end.
- 321
- 00:12:54,200 --> 00:12:56,200
- The interrogative element in
- 322
- 00:12:56,200 --> 00:12:58,200
- what's your nationality
- 323
- 00:12:58,200 --> 00:13:01,200
- is the word 哪,which,in 哪国人,
- 324
- 00:13:01,200 --> 00:13:03,200
- which country person.
- 325
- 00:13:03,200 --> 00:13:05,200
- Let's compare the two questions.
- 326
- 00:13:05,200 --> 00:13:07,200
- The English will follow the Chinese after a pause
- 327
- 00:13:07,200 --> 00:13:09,200
- to give you a chance to decide for yourself
- 328
- 00:13:09,200 --> 00:13:11,200
- which question is being asked.
- 329
- 00:13:11,200 --> 00:13:15,200
- 你是哪国人?
- 330
- 00:13:15,200 --> 00:13:17,200
- What's your nationality?
- 331
- 00:13:17,200 --> 00:13:21,200
- 你是美国人吗?
- 332
- 00:13:21,200 --> 00:13:25,200
- Are you an American?
- 333
- 00:13:25,200 --> 00:13:28,200
- 你是哪国人?
- 334
- 00:13:28,200 --> 00:13:34,200
- What's your nationality?
- 335
- 00:13:34,200 --> 00:13:37,200
- 你是美国人吗?
- 336
- 00:13:37,200 --> 00:13:41,200
- Are you an American?
- 337
- 00:13:41,200 --> 00:13:44,200
- Once you've established someone's nationality,
- 338
- 00:13:44,200 --> 00:13:46,200
- you may want to ask what part of the country
- 339
- 00:13:46,200 --> 00:13:47,200
- it comes from.
- 340
- 00:13:47,200 --> 00:13:50,200
- For example,what province or major city of China?
- 341
- 00:13:50,200 --> 00:13:52,200
- Listen to this exchange.
- 342
- 00:13:52,200 --> 00:13:53,200
- Where are you from?
- 343
- 00:13:53,200 --> 00:13:57,200
- 你是哪的人?
- 344
- 00:13:57,200 --> 00:13:59,200
- I'm from Shanghai.
- 345
- 00:13:59,200 --> 00:14:04,200
- 我是上海人.
- 346
- 00:14:04,200 --> 00:14:06,200
- Let's look at the answer first.
- 347
- 00:14:06,200 --> 00:14:07,200
- It's easier.
- 348
- 00:14:07,200 --> 00:14:11,200
- You already know the word 人,person,as in 中国人,
- 349
- 00:14:11,200 --> 00:14:13,200
- literally China person.
- 350
- 00:14:13,200 --> 00:14:15,200
- You can also add 人 to the names
- 351
- 00:14:15,200 --> 00:14:17,200
- of these provinces.
- 352
- 00:14:17,200 --> 00:14:25,200
- Listen to 上海人.
- 353
- 00:14:25,200 --> 00:14:27,200
- What Miss Hu is saying is
- 354
- 00:14:27,200 --> 00:14:29,200
- I'm a Shanghai person.
- 355
- 00:14:29,200 --> 00:14:31,200
- Listen to her reply.
- 356
- 00:14:31,200 --> 00:14:33,200
- Where are you from?
- 357
- 00:14:33,200 --> 00:14:37,200
- 你是哪的人?
- 358
- 00:14:37,200 --> 00:14:39,200
- I'm from Shanghai.
- 359
- 00:14:39,200 --> 00:14:44,200
- 我是上海人.
- 360
- 00:14:44,200 --> 00:14:46,200
- It's an idiomatic but rather free translation
- 361
- 00:14:46,200 --> 00:14:49,200
- of the question 你是哪的人?
- 362
- 00:14:49,200 --> 00:14:51,200
- The Chinese is actually something like
- 363
- 00:14:51,200 --> 00:14:53,200
- you are a person of where.
- 364
- 00:14:53,200 --> 00:15:00,200
- The word for where is 哪,哪,哪.
- 365
- 00:15:00,200 --> 00:15:03,200
- Listen for 哪, meaning where.
- 366
- 00:15:03,200 --> 00:15:05,200
- Where are you from?
- 367
- 00:15:05,200 --> 00:15:10,200
- 你是哪的人?
- 368
- 00:15:10,200 --> 00:15:12,200
- I'm from Shanghai.
- 369
- 00:15:12,200 --> 00:15:17,200
- 我是上海人.
- 370
- 00:15:17,200 --> 00:15:19,200
- Be sure to associate the low tone
- 371
- 00:15:19,200 --> 00:15:21,200
- with the word for where 哪,
- 372
- 00:15:21,200 --> 00:15:25,200
- since the word for there is 哪 in the falling tone.
- 373
- 00:15:25,200 --> 00:15:27,200
- This is one of the best illustrations
- 374
- 00:15:27,200 --> 00:15:29,200
- of the importance of tones in Chinese.
- 375
- 00:15:29,200 --> 00:15:31,200
- The possibilities for confusion
- 376
- 00:15:31,200 --> 00:15:33,200
- between 哪,where and 哪
- 377
- 00:15:33,200 --> 00:15:35,200
- there are obvious.
- 378
- 00:15:35,200 --> 00:15:37,200
- Here's the word for where again.
- 379
- 00:15:37,200 --> 00:15:43,200
- 哪,哪,哪.
- 380
- 00:15:43,200 --> 00:15:46,200
- The weak syllable 德 in 哪的人
- 381
- 00:15:46,200 --> 00:15:48,200
- is a marker of the possessive.
- 382
- 00:15:48,200 --> 00:15:51,200
- We translated 哪的人 as a person of where
- 383
- 00:15:51,200 --> 00:15:54,200
- using of for the possessive marker 德.
- 384
- 00:15:54,200 --> 00:15:56,200
- But in the process we reversed the order.
- 385
- 00:15:56,200 --> 00:15:58,200
- In Chinese the word for where comes first
- 386
- 00:15:58,200 --> 00:16:01,200
- and the word for person last.
- 387
- 00:16:01,200 --> 00:16:03,200
- So a closer although even less idiomatic
- 388
- 00:16:03,200 --> 00:16:05,200
- translation is with the English possessive
- 389
- 00:16:05,200 --> 00:16:08,200
- possessive apostrophe s,where's person.
- 390
- 00:16:08,200 --> 00:16:10,200
- Here's a somewhat more straight forward example
- 391
- 00:16:10,200 --> 00:16:12,200
- of the possessive marker 德.
- 392
- 00:16:12,200 --> 00:16:14,200
- You need to know that 先生 can mean husband
- 393
- 00:16:14,200 --> 00:16:16,200
- as well as mister and sir.
- 394
- 00:16:16,200 --> 00:16:17,200
- Listen.
- 395
- 00:16:17,200 --> 00:16:20,200
- He's Fang Baolan's husband.
- 396
- 00:16:20,200 --> 00:16:23,200
- 他是方保兰的先生.
- 397
- 00:16:23,200 --> 00:16:26,200
- 他是方保兰的先生.
- 398
- 00:16:26,200 --> 00:16:29,200
- In the phrase 方保兰的先生.
- 399
- 00:16:29,200 --> 00:16:31,200
- 方保兰's husband.
- 400
- 00:16:31,200 --> 00:16:33,200
- It's clear that the marker 德 is working
- 401
- 00:16:33,200 --> 00:16:35,200
- with the possessive apostrophe s.
- 402
- 00:16:35,200 --> 00:16:38,200
- Now let's go back to the exchange with 哪的人
- 403
- 00:16:38,200 --> 00:16:41,200
- where's person or a person of where.
- 404
- 00:16:41,200 --> 00:16:44,200
- Listen.
- 405
- 00:16:44,200 --> 00:16:46,200
- Where are you from?
- 406
- 00:16:46,200 --> 00:16:50,200
- 你是哪的人?
- 407
- 00:16:50,200 --> 00:16:52,200
- I'm from Shanghai.
- 408
- 00:16:52,200 --> 00:16:56,200
- 我是上海人.
- 409
- 00:16:56,200 --> 00:16:58,200
- Listen to the exchange again.
- 410
- 00:16:58,200 --> 00:17:00,200
- Where are you from?
- 411
- 00:17:00,200 --> 00:17:02,200
- 你是哪的人?
- 412
- 00:17:02,200 --> 00:17:04,200
- 你是哪的人?
- 413
- 00:17:04,200 --> 00:17:06,200
- I'm from Shanghai.
- 414
- 00:17:06,200 --> 00:17:08,200
- 我是上海人.
- 415
- 00:17:08,200 --> 00:17:10,200
- 我是上海人.
- 416
- 00:17:10,200 --> 00:17:11,200
- Here it is live.
- 417
- 00:17:11,200 --> 00:17:13,200
- 你是哪的人?
- 418
- 00:17:13,200 --> 00:17:15,200
- 我是上海人.
- 419
- 00:17:15,200 --> 00:17:16,200
- Again.
- 420
- 00:17:16,200 --> 00:17:18,200
- 你是哪的人?
- 421
- 00:17:18,200 --> 00:17:20,200
- 我是上海人.
- 422
- 00:17:20,200 --> 00:17:22,200
- Here's a similar exchange.
- 423
- 00:17:22,200 --> 00:17:23,200
- Listen.
- 424
- 00:17:23,200 --> 00:17:25,200
- Where is he from?
- 425
- 00:17:25,200 --> 00:17:29,200
- 他是哪的人?
- 426
- 00:17:29,200 --> 00:17:31,200
- He's from Shandong.
- 427
- 00:17:31,200 --> 00:17:35,200
- 他是上东人.
- 428
- 00:17:35,200 --> 00:17:38,200
- Shandong is one of the provinces in north China.
- 429
- 00:17:38,200 --> 00:17:40,200
- Listen to Shandong person.
- 430
- 00:17:40,200 --> 00:17:42,200
- Shandong人.
- 431
- 00:17:42,200 --> 00:17:44,200
- Shandong人.
- 432
- 00:17:44,200 --> 00:17:46,200
- Shandong人.
- 433
- 00:17:46,200 --> 00:17:48,200
- Here's the exchange live.
- 434
- 00:17:48,200 --> 00:17:50,200
- 他是哪的人?
- 435
- 00:17:50,200 --> 00:17:52,200
- 他是上东人.
- 436
- 00:17:52,200 --> 00:17:53,200
- Again.
- 437
- 00:17:53,200 --> 00:17:55,200
- 他是哪的人?
- 438
- 00:17:55,200 --> 00:17:58,200
- 他是上东人.
- 439
- 00:17:58,200 --> 00:17:59,200
- If the question
- 440
- 00:17:59,200 --> 00:18:01,200
- Where are you from?
- 441
- 00:18:01,200 --> 00:18:02,200
- is asked of an American,
- 442
- 00:18:02,200 --> 00:18:05,200
- the expected answer is the name of a state.
- 443
- 00:18:05,200 --> 00:18:07,200
- In Chinese, there's a phonetic approximation
- 444
- 00:18:07,200 --> 00:18:09,200
- for the name of each American state.
- 445
- 00:18:09,200 --> 00:18:12,200
- Here's California, for example.
- 446
- 00:18:12,200 --> 00:18:14,200
- 佳理佛尼亚.
- 447
- 00:18:14,200 --> 00:18:17,200
- 佳理佛尼亚.
- 448
- 00:18:17,200 --> 00:18:19,200
- 佳理佛尼亚.
- 449
- 00:18:19,200 --> 00:18:21,200
- Several states, among them California,
- 450
- 00:18:21,200 --> 00:18:24,200
- have abbreviated names consisting of the first syllable
- 451
- 00:18:24,200 --> 00:18:28,200
- of the phonetic version and the syllable 中 or state.
- 452
- 00:18:28,200 --> 00:18:31,200
- Here's the abbreviated name for California.
- 453
- 00:18:31,200 --> 00:18:32,200
- 佳州.
- 454
- 00:18:32,200 --> 00:18:34,200
- 佳州.
- 455
- 00:18:34,200 --> 00:18:36,200
- 佳州.
- 456
- 00:18:36,200 --> 00:18:38,200
- Listen to this exchange.
- 457
- 00:18:38,200 --> 00:18:39,200
- Where are you from?
- 458
- 00:18:39,200 --> 00:18:41,200
- 你是哪的人?
- 459
- 00:18:41,200 --> 00:18:43,200
- 你是哪的人?
- 460
- 00:18:43,200 --> 00:18:45,200
- I'm a Californian.
- 461
- 00:18:45,200 --> 00:18:47,200
- 我是佳州人.
- 462
- 00:18:47,200 --> 00:18:49,200
- 我是佳州人.
- 463
- 00:18:49,200 --> 00:18:51,200
- Here it is live.
- 464
- 00:18:51,200 --> 00:18:52,200
- 你是哪的人?
- 465
- 00:18:52,200 --> 00:18:54,200
- 我是佳州人.
- 466
- 00:18:54,200 --> 00:18:55,200
- Again.
- 467
- 00:18:55,200 --> 00:18:56,200
- 你是哪的人?
- 468
- 00:18:56,200 --> 00:18:59,200
- 我是佳州人.
- 469
- 00:18:59,200 --> 00:19:02,200
- On this tape, we've covered yes-no questions such as
- 470
- 00:19:02,200 --> 00:19:04,200
- are you an American?
- 471
- 00:19:04,200 --> 00:19:06,200
- and the questions, what's your nationality?
- 472
- 00:19:06,200 --> 00:19:08,200
- and where are you from?
- 473
- 00:19:08,200 --> 00:19:10,200
- Here they are for review.
- 474
- 00:19:10,200 --> 00:19:12,200
- Are you an American?
- 475
- 00:19:12,200 --> 00:19:15,200
- 你是美国人吗?
- 476
- 00:19:15,200 --> 00:19:17,200
- 你是美国人吗?
- 477
- 00:19:17,200 --> 00:19:19,200
- What's your nationality?
- 478
- 00:19:19,200 --> 00:19:21,200
- 你是哪个人?
- 479
- 00:19:21,200 --> 00:19:23,200
- 你是哪个人?
- 480
- 00:19:23,200 --> 00:19:25,200
- Where are you from?
- 481
- 00:19:25,200 --> 00:19:27,200
- 你是哪个人?
- 482
- 00:19:27,200 --> 00:19:30,200
- 你是哪个人?
- 483
- 00:19:30,200 --> 00:19:32,200
- Let's see if you can tell them apart.
- 484
- 00:19:32,200 --> 00:19:34,200
- Here they are in random order.
- 485
- 00:19:34,200 --> 00:19:36,200
- With a pause between the Chinese and the English.
- 486
- 00:19:36,200 --> 00:19:40,200
- Try translating to yourself during the pause.
- 487
- 00:19:40,200 --> 00:19:44,200
- 你是美国人吗?
- 488
- 00:19:44,200 --> 00:19:47,200
- Are you an American?
- 489
- 00:19:47,200 --> 00:19:50,200
- 你是哪个人?
- 490
- 00:19:50,200 --> 00:19:53,200
- What's your nationality?
- 491
- 00:19:53,200 --> 00:19:56,200
- 你是哪个人?
- 492
- 00:19:56,200 --> 00:19:58,200
- Where are you from?
- 493
- 00:19:58,200 --> 00:20:02,200
- 你是哪个人?
- 494
- 00:20:02,200 --> 00:20:05,200
- What's your nationality?
- 495
- 00:20:05,200 --> 00:20:08,200
- 你是哪个人?
- 496
- 00:20:08,200 --> 00:20:11,200
- Where are you from?
- 497
- 00:20:11,200 --> 00:20:15,200
- 你是美国人吗?
- 498
- 00:20:15,200 --> 00:20:18,200
- Are you an American?
- 499
- 00:20:18,200 --> 00:20:21,200
- 你是美国人吗?
- 500
- 00:20:21,200 --> 00:20:24,200
- Are you an American?
- 501
- 00:20:24,200 --> 00:20:27,200
- 你是哪个人?
- 502
- 00:20:27,200 --> 00:20:29,200
- Where are you from?
- 503
- 00:20:29,200 --> 00:20:33,200
- 你是哪个人?
- 504
- 00:20:33,200 --> 00:20:38,200
- What's your nationality?
- 505
- 00:20:38,200 --> 00:20:42,200
- Now let's review both questions and answers in the same format.
- 506
- 00:20:42,200 --> 00:20:45,200
- Chinese, pause, English.
- 507
- 00:20:45,200 --> 00:20:48,200
- 你是哪个人?
- 508
- 00:20:48,200 --> 00:20:51,200
- What's your nationality?
- 509
- 00:20:51,200 --> 00:20:54,200
- 我是中国人.
- 510
- 00:20:54,200 --> 00:20:56,200
- I'm Chinese.
- 511
- 00:20:56,200 --> 00:20:59,200
- 你是哪个人?
- 512
- 00:20:59,200 --> 00:21:01,200
- Where are you from?
- 513
- 00:21:01,200 --> 00:21:05,200
- 我是上海人.
- 514
- 00:21:05,200 --> 00:21:09,200
- I'm from Shanghai.
- 515
- 00:21:09,200 --> 00:21:12,200
- 你是美国人吗?
- 516
- 00:21:12,200 --> 00:21:14,200
- Are you an American?
- 517
- 00:21:14,200 --> 00:21:18,200
- 是,我是美国人.
- 518
- 00:21:18,200 --> 00:21:21,200
- Yes, I'm an American.
- 519
- 00:21:21,200 --> 00:21:24,200
- 你是英国人吗?
- 520
- 00:21:24,200 --> 00:21:26,200
- Are you English?
- 521
- 00:21:26,200 --> 00:21:30,200
- 不是,我不是英国人.
- 522
- 00:21:30,200 --> 00:21:32,200
- No, I'm not English.
- 523
- 00:21:32,200 --> 00:21:35,200
- 你是中国人吗?
- 524
- 00:21:35,200 --> 00:21:37,200
- Are you Chinese?
- 525
- 00:21:37,200 --> 00:21:41,200
- 是,我是中国人.
- 526
- 00:21:41,200 --> 00:21:44,200
- Yes, I'm Chinese.
- 527
- 00:21:44,200 --> 00:21:47,200
- 你是哪个人?
- 528
- 00:21:47,200 --> 00:21:50,200
- What's your nationality?
- 529
- 00:21:50,200 --> 00:21:52,200
- 我是美国人.
- 530
- 00:21:52,200 --> 00:21:55,200
- I'm an American.
- 531
- 00:21:55,200 --> 00:21:58,200
- 你是哪个人?
- 532
- 00:21:58,200 --> 00:22:00,200
- Where are you from?
- 533
- 00:22:00,200 --> 00:22:03,200
- 我是加州人.
- 534
- 00:22:03,200 --> 00:22:06,200
- I'm a Californian.
- 535
- 00:22:06,200 --> 00:22:10,200
- 他是哪个人?
- 536
- 00:22:10,200 --> 00:22:13,200
- What's his nationality?
- 537
- 00:22:13,200 --> 00:22:16,200
- 他是中国人.
- 538
- 00:22:16,200 --> 00:22:18,200
- He's Chinese.
- 539
- 00:22:18,200 --> 00:22:22,200
- 他是哪个人?
- 540
- 00:22:22,200 --> 00:22:24,200
- Where is he from?
- 541
- 00:22:24,200 --> 00:22:28,200
- 他是山东人.
- 542
- 00:22:28,200 --> 00:22:30,200
- He's from Shandong.
- 543
- 00:22:30,200 --> 00:22:34,200
- 你是英国人吗?
- 544
- 00:22:34,200 --> 00:22:36,200
- Are you English?
- 545
- 00:22:36,200 --> 00:22:41,200
- 我不是英国人.
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