FSI-Chinese/Numerisés-new/FSI-StandardChinese-OptionalModulePOT-StudentText.xml

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  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" >
  <info>
    <title>FSI - Standard Chinese - Optional Module POT</title>
    <authorgroup>
      <author>
        <firstname>Foreign Service</firstname>
        <surname>Institute</surname>
      </author>
    </authorgroup>
  </info>
  <para>
    CM 0190 S
  </para>
  <para>
    <anchor id="caption1" />
  </para>
  <section xml:id="standard-chinese-a-modular-approach">
    <title><anchor id="bookmark0" /><anchor id="bookmark1" />STANDARD
    CHINESE A Modular Approach</title>
    <para>
      OPTIONAL MODULES:
    </para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          • Restaurant
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          • Hotel
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          • Post Office and Telephone
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          • Car
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <para>
      SPONSORED BY
    </para>
    <para>
      AGENCIES OF THE UNITED STATES AND CANADIAN GOVERNMENTS
    </para>
    <para>
      This publication is to be used primarily in support of instructing
      military personnel as part of the Defense Language Program
      (resident and nonresident). Inquiries concerning the use of
      materials, including requests for copies, should be addressed to:
    </para>
    <para>
      Defense Language Institute
    </para>
    <para>
      Foreign Language Center
    </para>
    <para>
      NonresidentTraining Division
    </para>
    <para>
      Presidio of Monterey, CA 93944-5006
    </para>
    <para>
      Topics in the areas of politics, international relations, mores,
      etc., which may be considered as controversial from some points of
      view, are sometimes included in the language instruction for
      DLIFLC students since military personnel may find themselves in
      positions where a clear understanding of conversations or written
      materials of this nature will be essential to their mission. The
      presence of controversial statements-whether real or apparent-in
      DLIFLC materials should not be construed as representing the
      opinions of the writers, the DLIFLC, or the Department of Defense.
    </para>
    <para>
      Actual brand names and businesses are sometimes cited in DLIFLC
      instructional materials to provide instruction in pronunciations
      and meanings. The selection of such proprietary terms and names is
      based solely on their value for instruction in the language. It
      does not constitute endorsement of any product or commercial
      enterprise, nor is it intended to invite a comparison with other
      brand names and businesses not mentioned.
    </para>
    <para>
      In DLIFLC publications, the words he, him, and/or his denote both
      masculine and feminine genders. This statement does not apply to
      translations of foreign language texts.
    </para>
    <para>
      The DLIFLC may not have full rights to the materials it produces.
      Purchase by the customer does net constitute authorization for
      reproduction, resale, or showing for profit. Generally, products
      distributed by the DLIFLC may be used in any not-for-profit
      setting without prior approval from the DLIFLC.
    </para>
    <para>
      PREFACE
    </para>
    <para>
      Standard. Chinese: A Modular Approach originated in an interagency
      conference held at the Foreign Service Institute in August 1973 to
      address the need generally felt in the U.S. Government language
      training community for improving and updating Chinese materials to
      reflect current usage in Beijing and Taipei.
    </para>
    <para>
      The conference resolved to develop materials which were flexible
      enough in form and content to meet the requirements of a wide
      range of government agencies and academic institutions.
    </para>
    <para>
      A Project Board was established consisting of representatives of
      the Central Intelligence Agency Language Learning Center, the
      Defense Language Institute, the State Department's Foreign Service
      Institute, the Cryptologic School of the National Security Agency,
      and the U.S. Office of Education, later Joined by the Canadian
      Forces Foreign Language School. The representatives have included
      Arthur T. McNeill, John Hopkins, John Boag, and Hugh Clayton
      (CIA); Colonel John F. Elder III, Joseph C. Hutchinson, Ivy
      Gibian, Major Bernard Muller-Thym, and Colonel Roland W. Flemming
      (DLl); James R. Frith and John B. Ratliff III (FSI); Kazuo Shitama
      (NSA); Richard T. Thompson and Julia Petrov (OE); and Lieutenant
      Colonel George Kozoriz (CFFLS).
    </para>
    <para>
      The Project Board set up the Chinese Core Curriculum Project in
      197^ in space provided at the Foreign Service Institute. Each of
      the six U.S. and Canadian government agencies provided funds and
      other assistance.
    </para>
    <para>
      Gerard P. Kok was appointed project coordinator, and a planning
      council was formed consisting of Mr. Kok, Frances Li of the
      Defense Language Institute, Patricia O'Connor of the University of
      Texas, Earl M. Rickerson of the Language Learning Center, and
      James Wrenn of Brown University. In the fall of 1977, Lucille A.
      Barale was appointed deputy project coordinator. David W.
      Dellinger of the Language Learning Center and Charles R. Sheehan
      of the Foreign Service Institute also served on the planning
      council and contributed material to the project. The planning
      council drew up the original overall design for the materials and
      met regularly to review their development.
    </para>
    <para>
      Writers for the first half of the materials were John H. T.
      Harvey, Lucille A. Barale, and Roberta S. Barry, who worked in
      close cooperation with the planning council and with the Chinese
      staff of the Foreign Service Institute. Mr. Harvey developed the
      instructional formats of the comprehension and production
      self-study materials, and also designed the communication-based
      classroom activities and wrote the teacher's guides. Ms. Barale
      and Ms. Barry wrote the tape scripts and the student text. From
      1978 until the project's completion, writers for the course were
      Ms. Barale and Thomas E. Madden. They revised the field-test
      editions of the first six core modules and accompanying optional
      modules, and produced the materials subsequent to Module 6.
    </para>
    <para>
      All Chinese language material was prepared or selected by Chuan
      Ouyang Chao, Yunhui Chao, Ying-chih Chen, Hsiao-jung Chi, Eva
      Diao, Jan Hu, and Tsung-mi Li, assisted for part of the time by
      Leslie L. H. Chang, Chieh-fang Ou Lee, Ying-ming Chen, and Joseph
      Yu Hsu Wang. Anna Affholder, Mel-li Chen, and Henry Khuo helped in
      the preparation of a preliminary corpus of dialogues.
    </para>
    <para>
      Administrative assistance was provided at various times by Joseph
      Abraham, Vincent Basciano, Lisa A. Bowden, Jill W. Ellis, Donna
      Fong, Judith J. Kieda, Renee T. C. Liang, Susan C. Pola, Peggy Ann
      Spitzer, and Kathleen Strype.
    </para>
    <para>
      The production of tape recordings was directed by Jose M. Ramirez
      of the Foreign Service Institute Recording Studio. The Chinese
      script was voiced by Mr. Chang, Ms. Chao, Ms. Chen, Mr. Chen, Ms.
      Diao, Ms. Hu, Mr. Khuo, and Mr. Li. The English script was read by
      Ms. Barale, Ms. Barry, Mr. Basciano, Ms. Ellis, Mr. Madden, Ms.
      Pola, and Ms. Strype.
    </para>
    <para>
      The graphics were originally produced by John McClelland of the
      Foreign Service Institute Audio-Visual staff, under the general
      supervision of Joseph A. Sadote, unit chief.
    </para>
    <para>
      Standard Chinese: A Modular Approach was field-tested with the
      cooperation of Brown University, the Defense Language Institute
      Foreign Language Center, the Foreign Service Institute, the CIA
      Language Learning Center, the United States Air Force Academy, the
      University of Illinois, and the University of Virginia.
    </para>
    <para>
      The Commandant of the Defense Language Institute Foreign Language
      Center authorized the support necessary to print this edition.
    </para>
    <section xml:id="section">
      <title><anchor id="bookmark2" /><anchor id="bookmark3" />7^1*40</title>
      <para>
        / J^ines R. Frith, Chairman
      </para>
      <para>
        ^/Chinese Core Curriculum Project Board
      </para>
      <para>
        TABLE OF CONTENTS
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark4">Preface</link>
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark5">How to Study an Optional-Module .Tape
        . . • • .........• .</link>
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark6">Objectives for the Restaurant Module
        ...............</link>
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark7">Unit 1: Part I</link>
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark8">Part II</link>
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark9">Part III</link>
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark10">Unit Vocabulary List</link>
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark11">Unit 2: Part I</link>
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark12">Part II</link>
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark13">Part III</link>
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark14">Unit Vocabulary List .........
        </link>
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark15">Unit 3: Part I</link>
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark16">Part II</link>
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark17">Part III</link>
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark18">Unit Vocabulary List</link>
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark19">Unit Us Part I</link>
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark20">Part II</link>
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark21">Part
        III.....................*..</link>
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark22">Unit Vocabulary List ....</link>
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark23">Foods ..</link>
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark24">Objectives for the Hotel
        Module</link>
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark25">Unit 1: Part I</link>
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            <link linkend="bookmark26">Part II</link>
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            <link linkend="bookmark27">Part III</link>
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            <link linkend="bookmark28">Part IV</link>
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark29">Unit Vocabulary List</link>
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark30">Unit 2: Part I</link>
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            <link linkend="bookmark31">Part II</link>
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            <link linkend="bookmark32">Part III</link>
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            <link linkend="bookmark33">Part TV....</link>
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            <link linkend="bookmark34">Unit Vocabulary List
            .•••••••••••••••••</link>
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            <link linkend="bookmark35">Things in a Hotel Room ..........
            .......</link>
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark36">Objectives for the Post Office and
        Telephone Module</link>
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark37">Unit 1: Part I</link>
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            <link linkend="bookmark38">Part II</link>
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            <link linkend="bookmark39">Part III</link>
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            <link linkend="bookmark40">Part IV</link>
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        Unit Vocabulary List
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark41">Unit 2: Part I</link>
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            <link linkend="bookmark42">Part II</link>
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            <link linkend="bookmark43">Part III</link>
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            <link linkend="bookmark44">Part IV</link>
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark45">Unit Vocabulary List</link>
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark46">Objectives for the Car Module</link>
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark47">Unit 1: Part I</link>
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark48">Part II</link>
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark49">Part III</link>
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark50">Unit Vocabulary List</link>
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark51">Unit 2: Part I</link>
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark52">Part II</link>
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark53">Part III......</link>
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark54">Unit Vocabulary List</link>
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark55">Parts of a Car</link>
      </para>
      <para>
        How to Study an Optional-Module Tape
      </para>
      <para>
        The format of the optional modules is quite different from the
        format of the core modules, although both focus on what you need
        to know to deal with particular practical situations.
      </para>
      <para>
        Each tape of an optional module is roughly equivalent to the
        five different tapes of a core-module unit, in the sense, at
        least, that it is intended as a self-contained presentation of a
        set of words and structures. Actually, however, an
        optional-module tape is closer to a combination of the C-l and
        P-1 tapes of a core-module unit with almost all explanations
        left in the notes. Moreover, an optional-module tape introduces
        considerably more vocabulary than a core-module unit.
      </para>
      <para>
        Each tape is divided into several parts. Each part introduces
        words and sentences, some of them for comprehension only, next
        reviews all production items, and then reviews comprehension in
        extended dialogues.
      </para>
      <para>
        You may have found that you could work through the C-l and P-1
        tapes of a core-module unit a single time each, perhaps going
        back over a few sections once or twice. You are almost sure to
        find, however, that you need to work through an optional-module
        tape more than once, perhaps frequently backing up and
        frequently stopping to read the Notes.
      </para>
      <para>
        When a new word or sentence is introduced, there is a‘pause on
        the tape before you hear the Chinese. On your first time through
        the tape, you may use this pause to glance at the word or
        sentence in the Reference List. On your next time through the
        tape, you may use it to try to say the Chinese, using the
        Chinese after the pause as a confirmation.
      </para>
      <para>
        In the dialogues at the end of each part, there are very short
        pauses between sentences. These should be just long enough for
        you to stop and start the tape without missing anything. Stop
        the tape whenever you want to think over the previous sentence
        or try to translate it.
      </para>
      <para>
        Objectives
      </para>
      <para>
        General
      </para>
      <para>
        The purpose of the Post Office and Telephone Module (PST/TEL) is
        to provide you with the linguistic skills you need to mail
        things, make phone calls and send telegrams.
      </para>
      <para>
        <inlinemediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-OptionalModulePOT-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-OptionalModulePOT-StudentText-1.jpg" />
          </imageobject>
        </inlinemediaobject>
      </para>
      <para>
        Specific
      </para>
      <para>
        When you have finished this module you should be able to:
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            1. Locate a mailbox. Locate the nearest post office.
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            2. Buy postage for an air mail letter, a registered letter,
            aerogram, regular letter or postcard.
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            3. Buy letter paper, envelopes, aerograms and postcards.
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        Ship packages by sea or by air.
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            5. Insure packages or letters you send.
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            6. Locate a telegraph office.
                                           ,
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            7. Send a telegram.
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            8. Find the nearest public telephone.
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            9. Ask for help in using a phon? directory.
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            10. Make a phone call, ask to speak with someone. Understand
            simple replies such as ’’that line is busy”, &quot;he is not
            here now&quot; or &quot;he will call you back&quot;.
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            11. Answer the phone and understand who the caller wishes to
            speak with. Tell the caller you will look for that person.
            Tell him whether the person he wishes to speak with is
            there, is busy, or not there.
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            12. Ask someone to speak louder or tell him you cannot hear
            him clearly.
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        Post Office and Telephone Module, Unit 1
      </para>
      <para>
        PART I
      </para>
      <informaltable>
        <tgroup cols="3">
          <colspec align="left" />
          <colspec align="left" />
          <colspec align="left" />
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  1.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Qìngwèn, zhèr fùjìn ySu ySuzhēngjú ma?
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  May I ask, is there a post office in the area?
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  2.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Wo yào jì yifēng xìn.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  I want to mail a letter.
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  3.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Zhèicēng lou you meiyou yóutong?
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Is there a mailbox on this floor?
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  U.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Nīmen zhèige fuwùtái mài bu mài yóupiào?
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Does your service desk here sell stamps?
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  5.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Wo yào jì yifēng guàhào xìn.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  I want to send a registered letter.
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  6.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Louxià xiǎomàibù mài bu mai xìnzhí, xìnfēng?
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Does the variety store downstairs also sell letter
                  paper and envelopes?
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </informaltable>
      <para>
        NOTES AFTER PART I
      </para>
      <para>
        yifēng xìn: -Fēng is the counter for letters and other things
        with envelopes.
      </para>
      <para>
        -céng; Counter for floors of buildings.
      </para>
      <para>
        guàhào xìn: Guàhào is the verb ’to register’. It is used here as
        a modifier. It precedes the noun it modifies.
      </para>
      <para>
        Peking:
      </para>
      <para>
        On his way out to mail some things, an American asks the service
        attendant for the floor of his hotel for some information.
      </para>
      <para>
        M: Nǐ y8u shì ma?
      </para>
      <para>
        F: Duì, Fandiànlí y8u youzhèngjú ma?
      </para>
      <para>
        M: Y8u, zài yìlóu, xiàle diànti wàng you zou. Gudle màishūde Jiù
        shì yóujú. KSshi xiànzài yóujú yījīng guan men le. Rúguo nín jiù
        yào mài yóupiào, w8men zhèr yē mài.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        F: W8 yào yóupiào, hái y8u liāngfēng xìn yào guàhào.
      </para>
      <para>
        M: Ou, JÌ guàhàoxìn nín dēi dào yóujú qù jì.
      </para>
      <para>
        F: Yóujú jldi&amp;n zhōng kāi men?
      </para>
      <para>
        M: Qldiǎnbàn kāi měn, xiàwu liùdiānbàn guan men.
      </para>
      <para>
        F: Zhàicéng lóu y8u méiyou yóutSng?
      </para>
      <para>
        M: Méiyou, yóutSng zài yóujú ménkSur.
      </para>
      <para>
        F: Nìmen zhèr y? mài xìnzhì, xìnfēng ma?
      </para>
      <para>
        M: WSmen bu mài, Jiù y8u fandiande xìnzhì xìnfēng. Lóuxiàde
        xiSomàibù mài.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        Can I help you?
      </para>
      <para>
        Yes, is there a post office in the hotel?
      </para>
      <para>
        Yes, it’s on the first floor.
      </para>
      <para>
        When you get off the elevator go to the right. When you’ve
        passed the bookshop there’s the post office. But they have
        already closed. If you only want to buy stamps, we sell them
        here.
      </para>
      <para>
        I need some stamps, there are also two letters that I need to
        register
      </para>
      <para>
        Oh, if you want to mail registered letters you’ll have to go to
        the post office.
      </para>
      <para>
        What time does the post'office open?
      </para>
      <para>
        It opens at seven-thirty, and closes at six-thirty in the
        afternoon.
      </para>
      <para>
        Is there a mailbox on this floor?
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        No, the mailbox is by the door to the post office.
      </para>
      <para>
        Do you also sell stationery and envelopes here.
      </para>
      <para>
        No we don’t, we just have the hotel stationery and envelopes.
        The variety shop downstairs sells them.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        PART II
      </para>
      <informaltable>
        <tgroup cols="3">
          <colspec align="left" />
          <colspec align="left" />
          <colspec align="left" />
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  7.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Láojià, wàng Shanghai Jide hángkōng xìn yào tie
                  duōshao qiánde youpiào.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Excuse me, how much postage do you need to put on an
                  air mail letter to Shanghai?
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  8.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Wàng Měiguo jìde hángkōng yóujiǎn yào tie duōshao
                  qiánde youpiào?
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  How much postage do you have to put on an aerogram to
                  America?
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  9.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Dào Guangzhou qùde píngxìn shi duōshao qián?
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  How much postage do you have to put on a postcard to
                  Hong Kong?
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  10.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Jì dào Xianggang qùde míngxìn-piàn shi duōshao qián?
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  How much postage do you have to put on a postcard to
                  Hong Kong?
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  11.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Guónèide hángkōng xìn dòu shi yìmào.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  All air mail within the country is ten cents.
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  12.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Jì dào guówài qùde hángkōng xìn shi qìm&amp;o.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Air nail letters going out of the country are seventy
                  cents.
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  13.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Bènshìde pingxìn sìfēnqián.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Regular mail within the city is four cents.
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  lit.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Wàidtde pingxin bafenqian.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Regular mail outside the city is eight cents.
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </informaltable>
      <para>
        NOTES AFTER PART II:
      </para>
      <para>
        tie: This is the verb ’to stick something on or to something
        else *.
      </para>
      <para>
        Běnshìde píngxìn/wàidìde píngxìn: In the PRC mail rates differ
        depending on whether something is going to someplace in the
        city, out of the city, or out of the country. For the last two
        categories air mail service is available.
      </para>
      <para>
        běnshì: ’This city*.
      </para>
      <para>
        wàidì: ’Foreign place', ’outside this city’.
      </para>
      <para>
        Peking:
      </para>
      <para>
        A conversation at the Post Office.
      </para>
      <para>
        M: Láojià, wàng Shanghai jìde hángkōng xìn yào tie duōshao
        qiánde yóupiào?
      </para>
      <para>
        F: Yìmáo. Guónèlde hángkōng xìn dōu shi yìmáo.
      </para>
      <para>
        M: Guowài hángkōng xìn ne?
      </para>
      <para>
        F: Jì dào guōwài qùde hángkōng xìn shi qlmáo. Hángkōng yóujiǎn
        shi sānmáowǔ.
      </para>
      <para>
        M: Jì dào guowài qùde míngxìn-piàn ne?
      </para>
      <para>
        F: Hángkōngde liǎngmáoèr.
      </para>
      <para>
        M: Guónèide píngxìn shi duōshao?
      </para>
      <para>
        F: Běnshìde sìfēn. Wàidìde &quot;bāfēn.
      </para>
      <para>
        M: Qíng ni gěi wo shízhāng yìmáode yóupiào, wuzhāng hángkōng
        yóujiǎn, hái yào shízhāng qímáode hángkōng yóupiào.
      </para>
      <para>
        F: Hāo. Yígòng jiǔkuài qímáowù.
      </para>
      <para>
        M: Zhèi shi shíkuài qián.
      </para>
      <para>
        F: Zhào ni liSngmáowǔ.
      </para>
      <para>
        Excuse me, how much postage do you need to put on an air mail
        letter to Shanghai?
      </para>
      <para>
        Ten cents. All air mail within the country is ten cents.
      </para>
      <para>
        And if you send outside the country?
      </para>
      <para>
        Air mail letters going out of the country are seventy cents;
        aerograms are thirty-five cents.
      </para>
      <para>
        And post cards mailed out of the country?
      </para>
      <para>
        Air mail ones are twenty-two cents.
      </para>
      <para>
        How much is regular mail within the country?
      </para>
      <para>
        Within the city, it’s four cents. Outside the area (city), it’s
        eight cents.
      </para>
      <para>
        Please give me ten ten-cent stamps, five aerograms, and ten
        seventy-cent stamps.
      </para>
      <para>
        Okay. Altogether it's nine dollars and seventy-five cents.
      </para>
      <para>
        Here's ten dollars.
      </para>
      <para>
        Here’s twenty-five cents change.
      </para>
      <para>
        NOTES AFTER DIALOGUE IN PART II:
      </para>
      <para>
        shizhang youpiào, wǔge hángkōng yóujian: Notice how both the
        counter -zhang and the counter -ge are used here to talk about
        flat objects. Although the counter -zhāng would be correct for
        both nouns, the speaker feels free to use -gè also.
      </para>
      <para>
        PART III
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            15. W3 yào wàng Měiguo jì yige bāoguǒ.
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            16. W3 yào hǎiyùn.
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            17. Wo zhèige bāoguǒ yào bǎoxiǎn.
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            18. WS bú huì xiě Zhōngguo zì. Qīng ni tì wǒ xiě, hǎo bu
            hao?
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            19. Xiāngzi shàngtou xiězhe shénme ne?
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            20. Wbmen yào jiānohá ni yào jide dōngxt.
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            21. XIĀOXIN, QINGF&amp;NG.
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            22. Ni zuihāo zài xiāngzi wàimian xièshang XIAOXIN,
            QINGFĀNG.
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        I want to mail a package to the United States.
      </para>
      <para>
        I want to send it by sea mail.
      </para>
      <para>
        I want this package insured.
      </para>
      <para>
        I can't write Chinese characters. Please write it for me, all
        right?
      </para>
      <para>
        What is written on top of the box?
      </para>
      <para>
        We want to inspect the things that you want to trail.
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark56">CAREFUL, FRAGILE. ---------------'
        </link>
      </para>
      <para>
        (
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark57">It would be best if you</link>
      </para>
      <para>
        <link linkend="bookmark58">write on the outside'</link>
      </para>
      <para>
        CAREFUL, FRAGILE.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        NOTES AFTER PART III:
      </para>
      <para>
        tì: This is the prepositional verb meaning 'in place of, for'.
      </para>
      <para>
        Mèimei tì wo qù mai cài.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        Little sister is going to go buy food for me (instead of me).
      </para>
      <para>
        shàngtou: -T6u is a syllable like -biar. When added to a
        direction word, it changes it into a place name. The syllable
        -t6u, however, cannot be added to as many different direction
        words as -biar can. (See also final reference notes Directions
        Unit Five.)
      </para>
      <para>
        Xiǎomàibù zài fàndiàn litou.
      </para>
      <para>
        Fàndiàn wàitou yǒu yige yóutǒng.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        The variety shop is in the hotel.
      </para>
      <para>
        Outside the hotel is a mailbox.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        xiSoxin: ’To be careful’.
      </para>
      <para>
        qīngfàng; 'Fragile', or more literally ’to put lightly'.
      </para>
      <para>
        zuìhSo; This word acts as an adverb, coming after the subject ni
        and before the verb phrase. The word zuìhǎo is used in politely
        offering advice to someone, not in warning them what they'd
        better do.
      </para>
      <para>
        Taipei:
      </para>
      <para>
        A conversation at the Post Office.
      </para>
      <informaltable>
        <tgroup cols="3">
          <colspec align="left" />
          <colspec align="left" />
          <colspec align="left" />
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  F:
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  W3 yào wàng Měiguo JÌ yige baoguo.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  I want to mail a package to the United States.
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  M:
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Nl yào JÌ hángkōng háishi hǎiyùn?
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Do you want to send it by airmail or by sea mail?
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  F:
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Hǎiyùn.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Send it by sea mail.
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  M:
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Zhèi shi ni yào jìde dōngxl ma? WSmen yào Jiǎnchá.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Are these the things you want to mail? We want to
                  inspect them.
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  F:
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Hao. Qìng ni jiǎnchá ba.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Okay. Please inspect them.
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  M:
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Ou, yítào pánziwǎn.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Oh, a set of dishes.
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  F:
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Zhège kéyi bǎoxiǎn ma?
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Can this be insured?
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  M:
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Kéyi.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Yes.
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  M:
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Ni zuìhǎo zài xiǎngzi wàimian xiěshang XlǎOXlN,
                  QINGFÀNG.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  It would be best if you write on the outside CAREFUL,
                  FRAGILE.
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  F:
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Wǒ bú huì xiě Zhōngguo zì. Qlng ni tì wo xiě, hǎo bu
                  hao?
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  I can't write Chinese characters. Please write it for
                  me, all right?
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  M:
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Hǎo. W3 tì ni xiě.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Okay. I'll write it for you
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </informaltable>
      <para>
        PART IV
      </para>
      <informaltable>
        <tgroup cols="3">
          <colspec align="left" />
          <colspec align="left" />
          <colspec align="left" />
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  23.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Wo you yíj iàn zhòngyàode shi yào gàosong wo fùmǔ.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  I have something important that I want to tell my
                  parents.
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  2U.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Wo xiǎng dǎ yifēng diànbào.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  I think I’ll send a telegram.
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  25.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Dào diànxìnjú qu zǎnme zǒu?
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  How do you get to the telegraph office?
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  26.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Diànxìnjit gen Tàibǎi Yóuzhèngjù zài ytql.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  The Telegraph Office and the Taibei Post Office are
                  located together.
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  27.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Nt bǎ dìzht gèn yào shuōde dōu xiǎ zài zhèzhāng
                  zhtshang.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Write the address and what you want to say on this
                  paper.
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  28.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Diànbào Dàlǎu
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  The Telegraph Building (Peking)
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </informaltable>
      <para>
        NOTES AFTER PART IV
      </para>
      <para>
        bǎ dìzhí: In sentence No. 28 the object comes before the verb
        and is preceded by the marker bǎ. Although it is common for an
        object to come before the verb marked by bǎ, not all objects can
        do so. The object in a ba-phrase is the direct object of an
        action verb. It is a particular know thing, not a new idea about
        to be introduced into the conversation. The action verb in the
        sentence is usually more than one syllable or followed by
        something else, such as a place name. For more on bǎ. see
        Transportation Unit 3 and Meeting Unit 5.
      </para>
      <para>
        Qing ni bǎ shū fàngzai             Please put the book on the
      </para>
      <para>
        zhuōzishang.                       table.
      </para>
      <para>
        Tā bǎ tāde chē mài' le.              He sold his car.
      </para>
      <para>
        diànxtnjú: ’Telegraph Office.* In the PRC the word used is
        dianxunju.
      </para>
      <para>
        Taipei:
      </para>
      <para>
        Mr. White, an American, is talking to a Chinese friend.
      </para>
      <para>
        M:
      </para>
      <para>
        Wo you yíjiàn zhòngyàode shi yào wàng Měiguo da yìfēng diànbào.
      </para>
      <para>
        Dào náli qù da?
      </para>
      <para>
        I have something important
      </para>
      <para>
        I want to send by telegram to America. Where do I go to send it?
      </para>
      <para>
        F:
      </para>
      <para>
        Dào Diànxìnju qù dǎ.
      </para>
      <para>
        You go to the Telegraph Office to send it.
      </para>
      <para>
        M:
      </para>
      <para>
        Zài náli?
      </para>
      <para>
        Where is it?
      </para>
      <para>
        F:
      </para>
      <para>
        Zài Buóài Lù. Gēn Táiběi Yōuzhèngjú zài yìqí.
      </para>
      <para>
        It's on Boai Lu. Together with the Taipei Post Office.
      </para>
      <para>
        M:
      </para>
      <para>
        Hǎo. Xièxie ni. Wo xiànzài Jiù qù dǎ.
      </para>
      <para>
        Okay. Thank you. I'll go right now to send it.
      </para>
      <para>
        (Now he speaks to the clerk at the Telegraph Office.)
      </para>
      <para>
        M:
      </para>
      <para>
        Qìngwèn, wo yào wàng Meiguo dǎ yìfěng YTngwénde diànbào zěnme
        dǎ?
      </para>
      <para>
        May I ask, I want to send an English telegram to the U.S. How do
        I send it?
      </para>
      <para>
        F:
      </para>
      <para>
        Ni bǎ dìzhī gēn yào shuōde dōu xiě zài zhèzhāng zhishang.
      </para>
      <para>
        Write the address and what you want to say on this paper.
      </para>
      <para>
        M:
      </para>
      <para>
        Yíge zì duōshao qián?
      </para>
      <para>
        How much is it per word?
      </para>
      <para>
        F:
      </para>
      <para>
        Yíge zì Táibì èrshíèrkuài wǔmáo qián. Zuìshǎo èrshige zì.
      </para>
      <para>
        One word is 22.50 Taibi. The minimum is twenty words.
      </para>
      <para>
        M:
      </para>
      <para>
        Hǎo.
      </para>
      <para>
        Okay.
      </para>
      <para>
        (He writes down what he wants to
      </para>
      <para>
        say and hands it to the clerk.)
      </para>
      <para>
        M:
      </para>
      <para>
        Yígòng èrshiyíge zì.
      </para>
      <para>
        Altogether it's twenty-one words.
      </para>
      <para>
        F:
      </para>
      <para>
        Yígōng èrbǎisìshiqīkuài wwnáo qián.
      </para>
      <para>
        Altogether it's 2U7.5O
      </para>
      <para>
        M:
      </para>
      <para>
        Hǎo.
      </para>
      <para>
        Fine.
      </para>
      <para>
        Ill
      </para>
      <para>
        Peking:
      </para>
      <para>
        An American staying at the Peking Hotel asks the service
        attendant
      </para>
      <para>
        on her floor for some information.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        F: Wo xiǎng da yìfēng diànbào.
      </para>
      <para>
        Zài fàndiànli kéyi bu keyi da? Hàishi w8 del dào Diànbào Dàléu
        qù dS?
      </para>
      <para>
        M: Búbì dào Diànbào dàlou qù dà. Nī kéyi dào fàndiànllde yéujú
        qù dà.
      </para>
      <para>
        I’d like to send a telegram.
      </para>
      <para>
        Can I send it in the hotel?
      </para>
      <para>
        Or do I have to go to the Telegraph Building to send it?
      </para>
      <para>
        You don’t have to go to the Telegraph Building to send it. You
        can go to the post office in the hotel to send it.
      </para>
      <para>
        F: HSo. Xièxie ni. NÌ zhldao duōshao qián yige zì ma?
      </para>
      <para>
        M: W3 yě bù zhldaè. NÍ wen tāmen ba.
      </para>
      <para>
        Good. Thank you. Do you know how much it is a word?
      </para>
      <para>
        I don’t know. You ask them.
      </para>
      <para>
        bS bāoguo bǎoxiǎn
      </para>
      <para>
        bànshi
      </para>
      <para>
        -céng
      </para>
      <para>
        da diànhuà
      </para>
      <para>
        diànbào
      </para>
      <para>
        Diànbào Dàlèu
      </para>
      <para>
        diànhuà Diànxìnjú
      </para>
      <para>
        -fēng fuwùtái
      </para>
      <para>
        guàhào
      </para>
      <para>
        guàhàoxìn (yifēng)
      </para>
      <para>
        guowài gubnèi
      </para>
      <para>
        hǎiyùn hángkōng hángkōng yōujiàn
      </para>
      <para>
        -Jiàn jiàncha Jì lóuxià
      </para>
      <para>
        míngxìnpiàn
      </para>
      <para>
        píngxìn
      </para>
      <para>
        qíngfàng
      </para>
      <para>
        shi(yíjiàn)
      </para>
      <para>
        tì tie
      </para>
      <para>
        wàídí
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        Vocabulary
      </para>
      <para>
        (object marker)
      </para>
      <para>
        package
      </para>
      <para>
        to protect by insurance, to insure
      </para>
      <para>
        this city
      </para>
      <para>
        counter for floors of buildings
      </para>
      <para>
        to make a phone call, to telephone telegram Telegraph Office
        phone call Telegraph Office (counter for letter) service desk
      </para>
      <para>
        to register(something) registered letter
      </para>
      <para>
        outside the country, foreign within the country, domestic
      </para>
      <para>
        sea mail                ,
      </para>
      <para>
        air mail aerogram
      </para>
      <para>
        (counter for matter, affairs) to inspect examine to mail, to
        send by mail
      </para>
      <para>
        downstairs
      </para>
      <para>
        post cards
      </para>
      <para>
        regular mail, surface mail
      </para>
      <para>
        fragile(lit, put down lightly)
      </para>
      <para>
        matter, affair,thing
      </para>
      <para>
        in place of (someone), for to paste on, to stick
      </para>
      <para>
        outside the local area
      </para>
      <informaltable>
        <tgroup cols="2">
          <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
          <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  wàimian
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  outside
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  xiāngzi xidoxin xiìíshang xìn (yìfēng) xìnfēng xìnzhi
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  box, suitcase, trunk
                </para>
                <para>
                  to be careful
                </para>
                <para>
                  to write on (something) letter
                </para>
                <para>
                  envelope
                </para>
                <para>
                  stationery
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  yíq?
                </para>
                <para>
                  youjú
                </para>
                <para>
                  ySupiào(yìzhang)
                </para>
                <para>
                  you t3ng yóuzhèngjú
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  together, together with post office
                </para>
                <para>
                  stamp
                </para>
                <para>
                  mailbox
                </para>
                <para>
                  post office
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  zhòngyào zuth&amp;o zutsh&amp;o
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  to be important
                </para>
                <para>
                  the best; <superscript>n</superscript>it would be best
                  ” at least, at the minimum
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </informaltable>
      <informaltable>
        <tgroup cols="2">
          <colspec align="left" />
          <colspec align="left" />
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  11U
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </informaltable>
      <para>
        Post Office and Telephone Module. Unit 2
      </para>
      <para>
        PART I
      </para>
      <informaltable>
        <tgroup cols="3">
          <colspec align="left" />
          <colspec align="left" />
          <colspec align="left" />
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  1.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  QĪng ni gēi wo jiē Meidàsì.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Please connect me with the Department of American and
                  Oceanic Affairs.
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  2.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Qìng Tan Sīzhāng jiē diànhuà.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Please have Bureau Chief Tan come to the phone.
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  3.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Tǎ xiànzài zài bu zai bàngōngshì?
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Is he in his office now?
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  U.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Qǐng xiān bié guà.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Don't hang up just yet?
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  5.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  W3 gēi ni zhSo tā.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  I'll look for him for you.
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  6.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Tan SIzhang xiànzài you shì.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Bureau Chief Tan is busy right now.
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  7.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Tā bù néng lái jiē diànhuà.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  He can't come to the phone.
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  8.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Tā dǎng yìhuìr gēi ni huí diànhuà.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  He will call you back in a little while.
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  9-
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Wàijiāobù
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Ministry of Foreign Affairs
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </informaltable>
      <para>
        NOTES AFTER PART I;
      </para>
      <para>
        jiē: This is the verb ’to connect*, ’to join*. It is also the
        verb ’to receive a message or mail*.
      </para>
      <para>
        bié: This is the negative imperative 'don'tJ*
      </para>
      <para>
        Bié gēn ta shuō!                   Don't talk with him!
      </para>
      <para>
        Bié zài shuō ba!                    Don't talk aboutit again.
      </para>
      <para>
        zhǎo: This is the verb 'to look for*. It is also sometimes
        translated as 'to find'.
      </para>
      <para>
        Wo qù zhǎo ta.                      I'll go look for him. (I'll
      </para>
      <para>
        go find him.'
      </para>
      <para>
        néng: 'to be able to'. Although this verb overlaps in meaning
        with keyi, 'can, may', there are definite differences. The verb
        néng is more general, while kéyi has the narrower meaning 'be
        able to' the sense of 'be permitted to do so by someone'.
      </para>
      <para>
        Peking:
      </para>
      <para>
        Fl: Wei! Wàijiāobù.
      </para>
      <para>
        M: Qlng ni gěi wo Jiē Měidàsī.
      </para>
      <para>
        F2: Měidàsī.
      </para>
      <para>
        M: Qing Tan SīzhSng JiS diànhuà.
      </para>
      <para>
        F: Tā xiànzài bú zài bàngōngshì. NÍn shi nSr?
      </para>
      <para>
        M: W3 shi Jiānàdà Dàshiguǎnde Dàwèi Andésēn.
      </para>
      <para>
        F: Ni xiān bié guà.. W3 gěi ni qù zhǎo ta.
      </para>
      <para>
        Hello, Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
      </para>
      <para>
        Please connect me with the Bureau of American and Pacific
        Affairs.
      </para>
      <para>
        Bureau of American and Pacific Affairs.
      </para>
      <para>
        Please have Section Chief Tan come to the phone.
      </para>
      <para>
        He’s not in the office right now. Who’s calling?
      </para>
      <para>
        I’m David Anderson of the Canadian Embassy.
      </para>
      <para>
        Don’t hang up just yet. I'll go look for him for you.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        F: Andésēn Xiānsheng. Tan SīzhSng xiànzài y8u shi, bù néng lǎi
        Jiē diànhuà. Qīng ni gàosu wo nīde diànhuà hàomǎr. Tǎn Sīzhǎng
        děng yìhuīr gěi ni huí diànhuà.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        Mr. Anderson. Bureau Chief Tan is busy right now, and can't come
        to the phone. Please tell me your telephone number. Bureau Chief
        Tan will call you back in a little while.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        M: Hǎo. W3de diànhuà hàomǎr           Fine. My telephone number
      </para>
      <para>
        shi sān-sì-wǔ—liù-liù-             is 3^5-661.
      </para>
      <para>
        yāo.
      </para>
      <para>
        PART II
      </para>
      <informaltable>
        <tgroup cols="3">
          <colspec align="left" />
          <colspec align="left" />
          <colspec align="left" />
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  10.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Qing jiē sānshièrhào fēnji.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Please connect me with extension number 32.
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  11.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Qing dà yìdiǎr shēng shuō.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Please speak a little louder.
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  12.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Wō ting bù qingchu.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  I can't hear you clearly.
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  13.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Wǒ shi yige Měiguo shāngrěn.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  I'm an American businessman
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  1U.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Nide míngzi wo xiěxialai le.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  I wrote down your name.
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  15-
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Wàinùóbìl
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Ministry of Foreign Trade
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </informaltable>
      <para>
        NOTES AFTER PART II:
      </para>
      <para>
        Qìng da yìdiǎr shēng shuō: Notice that the phrase describing the
        manner of action, dà yldiar shēng (with a little bit lender
        voice), comes before the main verb shuō, 'to speak'.
      </para>
      <para>
        qingchu: This is the adjectival verb 'to be clear'.
      </para>
      <para>
        Peking:
      </para>
      <para>
        Fl: Wài, Wàimàobù.
      </para>
      <para>
        M: Qing jiē sānshièrhào f ēn j ī.
      </para>
      <para>
        Fl: Hao.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        Hello, Ministry of Foreign Trade.
      </para>
      <para>
        Please connect me with extension number 32.
      </para>
      <para>
        All right.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        (The receptionist puts the call through.)
      </para>
      <para>
        F2: Wài.
      </para>
      <para>
        M: Qìng Li Darning Xiānsheng Jiē diànhuà.
      </para>
      <para>
        F2: Wài. Qing dà yìdiar shēng shuō. Wǒ ting bù qīngchu.
      </para>
      <para>
        (He speaks a little louder.)
      </para>
      <para>
        M: Qing Li Dàmíng, Li Xiānsheng Jiē diànhuà^
      </para>
      <para>
        F2: Ou, ni zhǎo Li Dàmíng Jiē diànhuà. H&amp;o, qing ni
        dēng-yiděng.
      </para>
      <para>
        M: Hao.
      </para>
      <para>
        F2: Ou, tā aù chi fàn qù le. Nín shi nǎiwèi?
      </para>
      <para>
        M: Wō shi Qiāozhì Dàfēi. WS shi yige Mēiguo shāngrén. WS zhùzai
        Beijing Fàndiàn 5OU hào.
      </para>
      <para>
        F2: Hǎo, nīde míngzi wō xiē-xialai le. Deng Li Dàmíng huílai wS
        gàosu ta gei ni hui diànhuà.
      </para>
      <para>
        M: Xièxie ni.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        Hello.
      </para>
      <para>
        Please have Mr. Li Darning come to the phone.
      </para>
      <para>
        Hello. Please speak a little louder. I can’t hear you clearly.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        Please have Li Dàmíng, Mr. Li come tn the phone.
      </para>
      <para>
        Oh, you want Li Daming-to core to the phone. Okay, please wait a
        moment.
      </para>
      <para>
        All right.
      </para>
      <para>
        Oh, he went out to eat. Who is calling?
      </para>
      <para>
        I'm George Duffy. I'm an American businessman.
      </para>
      <para>
        I'm staying at the Peking Hotel, room 50U.
      </para>
      <para>
        Okay, I wrote down your name. When Li Darning returns, I'll tell
        him to call you back.
      </para>
      <para>
        Thank you.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        PART III
      </para>
      <informaltable>
        <tgroup cols="3">
          <colspec align="left" />
          <colspec align="left" />
          <colspec align="left" />
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  16.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Sānshièrhào fēnjī zhànzhe xiàn ne.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Extension 32 is busy.
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  17.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Wo méi tingdǒng.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  I didn't understand.
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  18.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Nl yào děngyidēng háishi
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Do you want to wait or
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  guò yìhuir zài dǎlai?
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  call back in a little
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
              </entry>
              <entry>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  while?
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  19.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Nī yào liú ge huà ma?
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Do you want to leave a
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
              </entry>
              <entry>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  message?
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  20.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Bú yòng le.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  No need to.
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  21.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Wó g&amp;i ni jieguocru.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  I’ll connect you.
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </informaltable>
      <para>
        NOTES ON PART III:
      </para>
      <para>
        ... zhànzhe xiàn ne: -Zhe is the marker of DURATION of actions
        and states. It indicates that an action or state lasted (or
        lasts) for an amount of time. The marker ne marks ONGOING
        actions and states. In this expression the marker -zhe tells us
        that at some time the line CONTINUES to he'occupied, and the
        marker ne tells us that this is GOING ON now. -Zhe is used in
        sentences to describe activities which last over a period of
        time, whether that time is past, present or future. A verb plus
        -zhe in Chinese often corresponds to the ’-ing’ form of the verb
        in English.
      </para>
      <para>
        Zouzhe qù kéyi ma?                 Can you get there by walking?
      </para>
      <para>
        Tā hái bìngzhe ne.                  He is still sick.
      </para>
      <para>
        tíngdong: This is a compound verb meaning ’to understand (by
        listening)’.
      </para>
      <para>
        guò: This is the verb ’to pass, cross, go through.’ It can be
        used when talking about time or space.
      </para>
      <para>
        Guo liǎngtiáo Jiē, wàng zuS        Go past two streets and go to
      </para>
      <para>
        zou.                                 the left.
      </para>
      <para>
        Guò liǎngfēn zhōng, w3 zài lai.
      </para>
      <para>
        I’ll be back in two minutes.
      </para>
      <para>
        Taipei:
      </para>
      <para>
        Fl: Wai, Táiwān YÍnháng.
      </para>
      <para>
        M: Qing ni Jiē sānshièrhào fēnji.
      </para>
      <para>
        Fl: HSo.  ... Duìbuqi, zhànzhe
      </para>
      <para>
        xiàn ne.
      </para>
      <para>
        M: Ni shuō shěnme? Wǒ méi tīngdōng. Qing ni zài shuō yícì.
      </para>
      <para>
        Fl: Sānshièrhào fēnji zhànzhe xiàn ne. Jiù shi shuō you rén zài
        shuō huà ne.
      </para>
      <para>
        M: Ou, wō dōng le.
      </para>
      <para>
        Fl: Ni yào děngyiděng ne, háishi guò yìhuir zài dālai ne?
      </para>
      <para>
        M: Wō děngyiděng.
      </para>
      <para>
        Fl: Wài, sānshièrhào fēnji méiyou rén shuō huà le. Wō gěi ni
        jiēguoqu.
      </para>
      <para>
        M: Xièxie.
      </para>
      <para>
        Hello, Bank of Taiwan.
      </para>
      <para>
        Please connect me with extension number 32.
      </para>
      <para>
        All right. ... I’m sorry that line is busy.
      </para>
      <para>
        What did you say? I didn’t understand. Please say it again.
      </para>
      <para>
        Extension number 32 is busy. That's to say there is someone
        talking.
      </para>
      <para>
        Oh, I understand now.
      </para>
      <para>
        Do you want to wait or call back in a little while.
      </para>
      <para>
        I’ll wait.
      </para>
      <para>
        Hello, there's no one talking on extension number 32 now. I’ll
        connect you.
      </para>
      <para>
        Thank you.
      </para>
      <para>
        F2: Wéi!
      </para>
      <para>
        M: Qing Fang Mínglí, Fang Xiáojie jiē diànhuà.
      </para>
      <para>
        F2: Ou, duìbuqi tā bú zài. Ni yào liú ge huà ma?
      </para>
      <para>
        M: Bú yòng le. Wō xiànzài yào chūqu, wō xiàwu zài dālai.
      </para>
      <para>
        Hello.
      </para>
      <para>
        I'd like to speak with Fang Mingli, Miss Fang.
      </para>
      <para>
        ■Oh, I'm sorry, she’s not here. Do you want to leave a message?
      </para>
      <para>
        No need to. I’m going out now. I'll call back this afternoon.
      </para>
      <para>
        PART IV
      </para>
      <informaltable>
        <tgroup cols="3">
          <colspec align="left" />
          <colspec align="left" />
          <colspec align="left" />
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  22.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Qíngwèn, zhè. fùjìn yǒu gōngyòng diànhuà ma?
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  May I ask, is there a public telephone in the area?
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  23.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Wǒ wangle dài tāde diànhuà hàomar.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  I forgot to bring his telephone number.
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  2U.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Wǒ bú huì chá Zhōngguo diànhuàbù.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  I don’t know how to look things up in a Chinese phone
                  book.
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  25.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  gongguan
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  residence, home (a polite reference to another's
                  residence)
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </informaltable>
      <para>
        Taipei:
      </para>
      <para>
        M: Qíngwèn, zhè fùjìn you gōngyòng diànhuà ma?'
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        Fl: Zhèige gongsī ménkǒu jiù you.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        M: Ou, Jiù zài zhèli. ... Duìbuqī, wǒ xiǎng gěi wǒde péngyou
        Wang Dànián dǎ diànhuà, kěshi wǒ wangle dài tāde diànhuà hàomar.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        Fl: Gōngyòng diànhuà nàli yǒu diànhuàbù.
      </para>
      <para>
        M: Wǒ bú huì chá Zhōngguo diànhuàbù. Qing ni tì wǒ cháyicha, hāo
        bu hao?
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        May I ask,, is there ,a public telephone in the area?
      </para>
      <para>
        There’s one at the doorway of this company.
      </para>
      <para>
        Oh, it’s right here.
      </para>
      <para>
        Excuse me, I want to call may friend Wang Danian, but I forgot
        to bring his telephone number with me.
      </para>
      <para>
        The public telephone has telephone book.
      </para>
      <para>
        I don’t know how to look things up in a Chinese phone book.
        Please look it up for me, all right?
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        Fl: Hǎo.                                    Okay.
      </para>
      <para>
        (After the young lady finds the number, he dials it. A servant
        picks up the phone.)
      </para>
      <para>
        F2: Wài, Wǎng gōngguǎn.                  Hello, the Wang
        residence.
      </para>
      <para>
        M: Qing Wèng Dànián, Wáng               I'd like to speak with
        Mr.
      </para>
      <para>
        Xiānsheng shuō huà.                  Wang, Mr. Wang Danian.
      </para>
      <para>
        (He hears the servant say...)
      </para>
      <para>
        F2: Xiānsheng, you níde diànhuà.         There's a call for you,
      </para>
      <para>
        Sir.
      </para>
      <informaltable>
        <tgroup cols="2">
          <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
          <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Vocabulary
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  bàngōngshì bié
                </para>
                <para>
                  bú yòng
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  office don’t no need to
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  chá
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  to look up (information)
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  dài
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  to bring with one, to carry along
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  diànhuàbù
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  phone directory
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  fēnjī
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  telephone extension
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  gōngguSn
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  residence, home (a polite reference to another’s
                  residence)
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  gōngyòng guàshang guò
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  public, for public use to hang up (telephone) to
                  pass(some time)
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  huí diànhuà
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  to return a phone call
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Jiē jiēguoqu
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  to connect, to Join to connect, to put through
                </para>
                <para>
                  (phone call)
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  liú ge huà
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  to leave a message
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  M?idàsī míngzi
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Bureau of American and Pacific Affairs name
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  néng
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  can, to be able
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  qīngchu
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  to be clear
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  shāngrén shēng
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  businessman sound, voice
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  ting tingdong
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  to listen to, to hear
                </para>
                <para>
                  to understand (by listening)
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  IJàijiāobù Wàimàobù wàng
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Ministry of Foreign Affairs Ministry of Foreign Trade
                  to forget
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  xiàn xiéxialai
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  telephone line, wire to write down
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </informaltable>
      <informaltable>
        <tgroup cols="2">
          <colspec align="left" />
          <colspec align="left" />
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  yìhulr
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  a short while, a moment
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  zhàn zhSo
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  to occupy a space to look for, to find
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </informaltable>
      <para>
        12k
      </para>
    </section>
  </section>
</article>