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- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
- <!DOCTYPE article>
- <article
- xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" version="5.0"
- xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" >
- <info>
- <title>FSI - Standard Chinese - Module 05 TRN - Student Text</title>
- <authorgroup>
- <author>
- <firstname>Foreign Service</firstname>
- <surname>Institute</surname>
- </author>
- </authorgroup>
- </info>
- <para>
- CM 0185 S
- </para>
- <para>
- <anchor id="caption1" />
- </para>
- <section xml:id="standard-chinese">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark0" /><anchor id="bookmark1" />STANDARD
- CHINESE</title>
- <para>
- A MODULAR APPROACH
- </para>
- <para>
- STUDENT TEXT
- </para>
- <para>
- MODULE 5: TRANSPORTATION
- </para>
- <para>
- MODULE 6: ARRANGING A MEETING
- </para>
- <para>
- SPONSORED BY AGENCIES OF THE J
- </para>
- <para>
- UNITED STATES AND CANADIAN GOVERNMENTS
- </para>
- <para>
- INQUIRIES CONCERNING THE USE OF THESE MATERIALS, INCLUDING
- REQUESTS FOR COPIES, SHOULD BE ADDRESSED TO
- </para>
- <para>
- DEFENSE LANGUAGE INSTITUTE
- </para>
- <para>
- FOREIGN LANGUAGE CENTER
- </para>
- <para>
- NONRESIDENT INSTRUCTION DIVISION PRESIDIO OF MONTEREY, CA 939^0
- </para>
- <para>
- TOPICS IN THE AREAS OF POLITICS, INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS, MORES
- ETC., WHICH MAY BE CONSIDERED AS CONTROVERSIAL FROM SOME POINTS OF
- VIEW ARE SOMETIMES INCLUDED IN THESE MATERIALS, SINCE STUDENTS MAY
- FIND THEMSELVES IN POSITIONS WHERE CLEAR UNDERSTANDING OF
- CONVERSATIONS OR WRITTEN MATERIALS OF THIS NATURE WILL BE
- ESSENTIAL. THE PRESENCE OF CONTROVERSIAL STATEMENTS—WHETHER REAL
- OR APPARENT—IN THESE MATERIALS IS NOT TO BE CONSTRUED AS
- REPRESENTING THE OPINIONS OF THE WRITERS, OF THE DEFENSE LANGUAGE
- INSTITUTE FOREIGN LANGUAGE CENTER, OF THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE,
- OR OF ANY OF THE AGENCIES WHICH SUPPORTED THIS EFFORT.
- </para>
- <para>
- IN THIS PUBLICATION, THE WORDS "HE," "HIM,"
- AND "HIS" DENOTE BOTH MASCULINE AND FEMININE GENDERS.
- THIS STATEMENT DOES NOT APPLY TO TRANSLATIONS OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE
- TEXTS.
- </para>
- <section xml:id="standard-chinese-1">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark2" /><anchor id="bookmark3" />STANDARD
- CHINESE</title>
- <section xml:id="a-modular-approach">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark4" /><anchor id="bookmark5" />A
- MODULAR APPROACH</title>
- <para>
- STUDENT TEXT
- </para>
- <para>
- MODULE 5: TRANSPORTATION MODULE 6: ARRANGING A MEETING
- </para>
- <para>
- AUGUST 1979
- </para>
- <section xml:id="preface">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark6" /><anchor id="bookmark7" />PREFACE</title>
- <para>
- Standard. Chinese: A Modular Approach originated in an
- interagency conference held at the Foreign Service Institute
- in August 1973 to address the need generally felt in the
- U.S. Government language training community for improving
- and updating Chinese materials to reflect current usage in
- Beijing and Taipei.
- </para>
- <para>
- The conference resolved to develop materials which were
- flexible enough in form and content to meet the requirements
- of a wide range of government agencies and academic
- institutions.
- </para>
- <para>
- A Project Board was established consisting of
- representatives of the Central Intelligence Agency Language
- Learning Center, the Defense Language Institute, the State
- Department’s Foreign Service Institute, the Cryptologic
- School of the National Security Agency, and the U.S. Office
- of Education, later joined by the Canadian Forces Foreign
- Language School. The representatives have included Arthur T.
- McNeill, John Hopkins, and John Boag (CIA); Colonel John F.
- Elder III, Joseph C. Hutchinson, Ivy Gibian, and Major
- Bernard Muller-Thym (DLl); James R. Frith and John B.
- Ratliff III (FSl); Kazuo Shitama (NSA); Richard T. Thompson
- and Julia Petrov (OE); and Lieutenant Colonel George Kozoriz
- (CFFLS).
- </para>
- <para>
- The Project Board set up the Chinese Core Curriculum Project
- in 197^ in space provided at the Foreign Service Institute.
- Each of the six U.S. and Canadian government agencies
- provided funds and other assistance.
- </para>
- <para>
- Gerard P. Kok was appointed project coordinator, and a
- planning council was formed consisting of Mr. Kok, Frances
- Li of the Defense Language Institute, Patricia O’Connor of
- the University of Texas, Earl M. Rickerson of the Language
- Learning Center, and James Wrenn of Brown University. In the
- fall of 1977» Lucille A. Barale was appointed deputy project
- coordinator. David W. Dellinger of the Language Learning
- Center and Charles R. Sheehan of the Foreign Service
- Institute also served on the planning council and
- contributed material to the project. The planning council
- drew up the original overall design for the materials and
- met regularly to review their development.
- </para>
- <para>
- Writers for the first half of the materials were John H. T.
- Harvey, Lucille A. Barale, and Roberta S. Barry, who worked
- in close cooperation with the planning council and with the
- Chinese staff of the Foreign Service Institute. Mr. Harvey
- developed the instructional formats of the comprehension and
- production self-study materials, and also designed the
- communication-based classroom activities and wrote the
- teacher’s guides. Lucille A. Barale and Roberta S. Barry
- wrote the tape scripts and the student text. By 1978 Thomas
- E. Madden and Susan C. Pola had joined the staff. Led by Ms.
- Barale, they worked as a team to produce the materials
- subsequent to Module 6.
- </para>
- <para>
- All Chinese language material was prepared or selected by
- Chuan 0. Chao, Ying-chih Chen, Hsiao-Jung Chi, Eva Diao, Jan
- Hu, Tsung-mi Li, and Yunhui C. Yang, assisted for part of
- the time by Chieh-fang Ou Lee, Ying-ming Chen, and Joseph Yu
- Hsu Wang. Anna Affholder, Mei-li Chen, and Henry Khuo helped
- in the preparation of a preliminary corpus of dialogues.
- </para>
- <para>
- Administrative assistance was provided at various times by
- Vincent Basciano, Lisa A. Bowden, Jill W. Ellis, Donna Fong,
- Renee T. C. Liang, Thomas E. Madden, Susan C. Pola, and
- Kathleen Strype.
- </para>
- <para>
- The production of tape recordings was directed by Jose M.
- Ramirez of the Foreign Service Institute Recording Studio.
- The Chinese script was voiced by Ms. Chao, Ms. Chen, Mr.
- Chen, Ms. Diao, Ms. Hu, Mr. Khuo, Mr. Li, and Ms. Yang. The
- English script was read by Ms. Barale, Ms. Barry, Mr.
- Basciano, Ms. Ellis, Ms. Pola, and Ms. Strype.
- </para>
- <para>
- The graphics were produced by John McClelland of the Foreign
- Service Institute Audio-Visual staff, under the general
- supervision of Joseph A. Sadote, Chief of Audio-Visual.
- </para>
- <para>
- Standard Chinese: A Modular Approach was field-tested with
- the cooperation of Brown University; the Defense Language
- Institute, Foreign Language Center; the Foreign Service
- Institute; the Language Learning Center; the United States
- Air Force Academy; the University of Illinois; and the
- University of Virginia.
- </para>
- <para>
- Colonel Samuel L. Stapleton and Colonel Thomas G. Foster,
- Commandants of the Defense Language Institute, Foreign
- Language Center, authorized the DLIFLC support necessary for
- preparation of this edition of the course materials. This
- support included coordination, graphic arts, editing,
- typing, proofreading, printing, and materials necessary to
- carry out these tasks.
- _
- </para>
- <para>
- James R. Frith, Chairman
- </para>
- <para>
- Qninese Core Curriculum Project Board
- </para>
- </section>
- <section xml:id="contents">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark8" /><anchor id="bookmark9" />CONTENTS</title>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark6">Preface</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- MODULE 5: TRANSPORTATION
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark10">Objectives </link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark11">Map of Beijing</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark12">Map of Taipei</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark13">Target Lists </link>
- </para>
- <para>
- UNIT 1
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark14">Reference List</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark15">Vocabulary</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark16">Reference Notes </link>
- </para>
- <para>
- Using buses
- </para>
- <para>
- ’’When"
- </para>
- <para>
- "First," "last," "next,"
- "previous"
- </para>
- <para>
- Duō, "to be many," and. shǎo, "to be
- few"
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark17">Vocabulary Booster (Modes of
- Transportation) </link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark18">Drills</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- UNIT 2
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark19">Reference List</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark20">Vocabulary</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark21">Reference Notes </link>
- </para>
- <para>
- The marker a and its variant ya
- </para>
- <para>
- The locational endings -shang and -li
- </para>
- <para>
- More on the marker ba
- </para>
- <para>
- The aspect marker ne
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark22">"Then": j iù, zài, cái
- Drills</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- UNIT 3 Reference List
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark23">Vocabulary</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark24">Reference Notes </link>
- </para>
- <para>
- The prepositional verb bǎ
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark25">Adverbs expressing manner
- Drills</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark26">UNIT U Reference List</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark27">Vocabulary</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark28">Reference Notes </link>
- </para>
- <para>
- Choice questions with háishi
- </para>
- <para>
- More on topics and comments
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark29">Compound verbs of result
- Drills</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark30">UNIT 5 Reference List</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark31">Vocabulary</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark32">Reference Notes </link>
- </para>
- <para>
- Distances
- </para>
- <para>
- Approximate numbers
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark33">Ban, "one half"
- Drills</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark34">UNIT 6 Reference List
- ................. .....</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark35">Vocabulary</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark36">Reference Notes </link>
- </para>
- <para>
- More on verb reduplication (two-syllable verbs)
- </para>
- <para>
- Compound verbs of direction
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark37">More on new-situation le
- Drills</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark38">UNIT 7 Reference List</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark39">Vocabulary</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark40">Reference Notes </link>
- </para>
- <para>
- More on compound verbs of result
- </para>
- <para>
- "If"
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark41">Vocabulary Booster (Animals)
- </link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark42">Drills</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark43">UNIT 8 Reference List</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark44">Vocabulary</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark45">Reference Notes .</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- "Why" and "because"
- </para>
- <para>
- Time NOT spent
- </para>
- <para>
- "All," "not all," "all...not"
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark46">"Again": you, zài
- Drills</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- MODULE 6: ARRANGING A MEETING
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark47">Objectives</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark48">Target Lists </link>
- </para>
- <para>
- UNIT 1 Reference List
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark49">Vocabulary</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark50">Reference Notes </link>
- </para>
- <para>
- Making an appointment
- </para>
- <para>
- Gēn for "and" and gēn for "with"
- </para>
- <para>
- Three words for "time"
- </para>
- <para>
- The prepositional verb duì, "to,"
- "towards," "facing"
- </para>
- <para>
- Comparisons: "more than"
- </para>
- <para>
- More on compound verbs of result
- Drills..........................155
- </para>
- <para>
- UNIT 2
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark51">Reference List</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark52">Vocabulary</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark53">Reference Notes </link>
- </para>
- <para>
- Making phone calls
- </para>
- <para>
- The aspect marker zài for ongoing action
- "Whatever," "whenever,"
- "whoever," "wherever"
- </para>
- <para>
- Verbs and general objects
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark54">Vocabulary Booster (Occupations)
- </link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark55">Drills</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- UNIT 3
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark56">Reference List</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark57">Vocabulary</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark58">Reference Notes </link>
- </para>
- <para>
- Extending an invitation
- </para>
- <para>
- "Not only...but also..."
- </para>
- <para>
- Comparisons: "equal to," "alike"
- </para>
- <para>
- "Anyone," "anything,"
- "anyplace," "anytime"
- </para>
- <para>
- Comparison: compound verbs of result and manner adverbs
- "Furthermore"
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark59">Drills</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- UNIT 1
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark60">Reference List</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark61">Vocabulary</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark62">Reference Notes </link>
- </para>
- <para>
- Meeting people
- </para>
- <para>
- More on completion le
- </para>
- <para>
- The prepositional verb xiàng, "facing"
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark63">Duō and shǎo as adverbs
- Vocabulary Booster (Opposites) </link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark64">Drills</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- UNIT 5
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark65">Reference List</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark66">Vocabulary</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark67">Reference Notes </link>
- </para>
- <para>
- Taking and leaving messages
- </para>
- <para>
- Changing an appointment
- </para>
- <para>
- The prepositional verb bǎ
- </para>
- <para>
- Gang and gāngcái
- </para>
- <para>
- More on compound verbs of result
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark68">Drills</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- UNIT 6
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark69">Reference List</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark70">Vocabulary</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark71">Reference Notes </link>
- </para>
- <para>
- Invitation to lunch
- </para>
- <para>
- Comparisons: "less than" "even more"
- </para>
- <para>
- Comparison overview
- </para>
- <para>
- Sentence patterns: "although" and
- "both...and..."
- Drills..........................235
- </para>
- <para>
- UNIT T
- </para>
- <para>
- Reference List......................2U1
- </para>
- <para>
- Vocabulary........................2^3
- </para>
- <para>
- Reference Notes ...................... 2hU
- </para>
- <para>
- Arranging an introduction
- </para>
- <para>
- Using word order to express "the" and
- "a"
- </para>
- <para>
- Objects of reduplicated verbs
- </para>
- <para>
- Three-part motion verbs
- </para>
- <para>
- Verbs for "remember" and "forget"
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark72">Drills</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- UNIT 8
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark73">Reference
- List.................... .</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark74">Vocabulary</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark75">Reference Notes </link>
- </para>
- <para>
- Declining invitations
- </para>
- <para>
- The prepositional verb tì, "in place of"
- </para>
- <para>
- More on compound verbs of result
- </para>
- <para>
- Comparison: něng, kéyi, huì
- </para>
- <para>
- Drills..........................266
- </para>
- </section>
- <section xml:id="module-5-transportation">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark76" /><anchor id="bookmark77" />MODULE
- 5: TRANSPORTATION</title>
- <para>
- The Transportation Module (TRN) will provide you with the
- skills needed to use taxis, trains, buses, and planes in
- China.
- </para>
- <para>
- Before starting this module, you must take and pass the DIR
- Criterion Test.
- </para>
- <para>
- The TRN Criterion Test will focus largely on this module,
- but material from CRN, BIO, MON, DIR, and associated
- resource modules is also included.
- </para>
- <section xml:id="objectives">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark10" /><anchor id="bookmark78" />OBJECTIVES</title>
- <para>
- Upon successful completion of this module, the student
- should be able to
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Give the English equivalent for any Chinese
- sentence in the TRN Target Lists.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Say any Chinese sentence in the TRN Target Lists
- when cued with its English equivalent.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Use the bus system: find out which buses go to a
- specific destination, at what times they leave, how
- often they run, where to buy tickets, where to change
- buses (if necessary), when the last bus of the day
- leaves, and where his stop is.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- 1. Take a taxi: hail one, tell the driver where to go, and
- use commands such as "hurry," "slow
- down," and "stop here."
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Use the train system: find out which trains go to a
- specific destination, at what times they leave, when
- and where to buy tickets, whether or not tickets are
- available for a train leaving on a specific date at a
- specific time, the distance to the destination, the
- duration of the train trip to that place, which
- platform the train leaves from, what to do with
- luggage, and whether or not the train has a dining
- car.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Take a plane: reserve a ticket for a certain date
- and time; find out whether or not the flight is
- direct, the duration of the flight, and traveling time
- to the airport; and arrange for transportation to the
- airport.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Describe in detail a trip (taken in the past or
- planned for the future): places visited (which places
- and what they are like), traveling companions,
- transportation for the trip, length of stay, number of
- previous trips to the same places.
- </para>
- <para>
- ro
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- <inlinemediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module05TRN-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module05TRN-StudentText-1.jpg" />
- </imageobject>
- </inlinemediaobject>
- </para>
- <para>
- NOTE The heavy dark lines show where rhe city walls
- were formerly located.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Taipei
- </para>
- <para>
- <inlinemediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module05TRN-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module05TRN-StudentText-2.jpg" />
- </imageobject>
- </inlinemediaobject>
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Dao Ximending qù, zuò Jilù chē?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Zuò Shíbālù.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Shíbālù chē duo bu duo?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Bù hěn duō.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Měi gé jǐfēn zhōng you yìbān chē?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- h. Wo mēige Xīngqīliù dōu qù kàn diànying.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Zuìhòu yìbān chē shi jǐdiǎn zhōng?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Zhèbān chē shì bu shi qù Ximending?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Shì. Shàng chē ba!
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Dao Xīméndīngde shíhou, qǐng gàosong wo.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 8. Wǒ shì bu shi zài zhèli xià chē?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Bu shi. Xià yízhàn.
- </para>
- <para>
- ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY
- </para>
- <para>
- (not presented on C-l and P-1 tapes)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 9. shàng-
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 10. tōu-
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 11. gàosu
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 12. shǎo
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 13. xià chē
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- 1U. yǒu(de) shíhou
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 15. chéng
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- What bus do you take to get to Ximending?
- </para>
- <para>
- Take Number 18.
- </para>
- <para>
- Are there many Number 18 buses?
- </para>
- <para>
- Not very many.
- </para>
- <para>
- How often is there a bus?
- </para>
- <para>
- I go to see a movie every Saturday.
- </para>
- <para>
- What time is the last bus?
- </para>
- <para>
- Does this bus go to Ximending?
- </para>
- <para>
- Yes. Get on!
- </para>
- <para>
- When we get to Ximending, please tell me.
- </para>
- <para>
- Is it here that I get off?
- </para>
- <para>
- No. The next stop.
- </para>
- <para>
- last, previous (something)
- </para>
- <para>
- first (something)
- </para>
- <para>
- to tell, to inform (alternate pronunciation for gàosong)
- </para>
- <para>
- to be few
- </para>
- <para>
- to get off the bus; "Out, please!"
- </para>
- <para>
- sometimes
- </para>
- <para>
- city
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Dao zhǎnlǎnguǎn you meiyou zhfdàchē?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Meiyou. Zuò Yīlù chē, zuò dao Xīdān huàn chē.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Zanmen zài nǎr mǎi piào?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Zài chēshang mǎi piào.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Hǎo, xiànzài z3u ba!
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. Èi! Zǎnmen bú shi zuòguò zhàn le ba?
- </para>
- <para>
- Hái mēi ne. Xià yízhàn cǎi xià chē.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Lǎojià, Shíwǔlù qìchēzhàn zài nǎr?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Jiù zài nèige líìkSurshang.
- </para>
- <para>
- ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY (not presented on C-l and
- P-1 tapes)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. gōnggòng qìchē
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. -li
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 8. -shang
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 9. shàng ban
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 10. xià ban
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Is there a direct bus to the exhibition hall?
- </para>
- <para>
- No. Take the Number 1 bus; take it to Xīdān and change
- buses.
- </para>
- <para>
- Where do we buy tickets?
- </para>
- <para>
- We buy tickets on the bus.
- </para>
- <para>
- Okay, let’s go now!
- </para>
- <para>
- Hey! Haven’t we gone past our stop?
- </para>
- <para>
- Not yet. We don’t get off until the next stop.
- </para>
- <para>
- Excuse me, where is the Number 15 bus stop?
- </para>
- <para>
- It’s (just) on that corner.
- </para>
- <para>
- public bus (local)
- </para>
- <para>
- in (locational ending)
- </para>
- <para>
- on
- </para>
- <para>
- to start work, to go to work
- </para>
- <para>
- to get off from work, to leave work
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Wǒ yào zuò jìchéngchē dào huǒchēzhàn qu.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Wo zhǐ you zhè liǎngjiàn xíngli.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Hao, wǒ ba xíngli fang zai qiánbian.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Ní kāide tài kuài lei
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 4. Tā kāi chē, kāide bú kuài.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Women you shíjiān, láidejí.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Qǐng man yìdian kāi.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Biē kāi name kuài!
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 8. Qǐng ni zài qiánbian nèige yínháng ting yíxià.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 9. Bú yòng zhǎo le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY (not presented on C-l and
- P~1 tapes)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 10. chūzū qìchē
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 11. láibuj í
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 12. qìchē
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 13. zhème
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 14. zènme
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- I want to take a taxi to the train station.
- </para>
- <para>
- I have only these two suitcases.
- </para>
- <para>
- Okay, 1*11 put the suitcases in front.
- </para>
- <para>
- You are driving too fast!
- </para>
- <para>
- He doesn't drive fast.
- </para>
- <para>
- We have time. We can make it in time.
- </para>
- <para>
- Please drive a little slower.
- </para>
- <para>
- Don't drive so fast!
- </para>
- <para>
- Please stop at that bank up ahead for a moment.
- </para>
- <para>
- Keep the change.
- </para>
- <para>
- taxi (PRC)
- </para>
- <para>
- can't make it in time car, motor vehicle so, to this
- extent, in this way so, to this extent, in this way
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Wǒ xiǎng qù Tǎinān wan jitiān.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. NǏ shuō shi zuò huǒchē qu hǎo ne, hǎishi zuò
- Gōnglùju qu hǎo ne?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Zuò huochē qu hǎo. Dào Tainán qù zuò Gōnglùju bú da
- fāngbian.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Zuò huǒchē děi xiān mǎi piào ma?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Nǐ zuìhǎo liǎngsāntiān yǐqiǎn qù mǎi piào.
- </para>
- <para>
- Zuò Gōnglùju ne?
- </para>
- <para>
- Bú bì xiān mǎi piào.
- </para>
- <para>
- U. Nǐ yào zuò shēnme shíhoude chē?
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ yào zuò shàngwǔde chē.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Duìbuqǐ, shàngwǔde piào dōu màiwǎn le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY (not presented on C-l and
- P-1 tapes)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. chuān
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. dìtiě
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 8. dìxià huǒchē
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 9. wan (wǎnr)
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 10. -wan
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- I’m thinking of going to Tainan to relax for a few days.
- </para>
- <para>
- Would you say it’s better to go by train or to go by bus?
- </para>
- <para>
- It’s better to go by train. To go to Tainan, it’s not very
- convenient to take the bus.
- </para>
- <para>
- If I take the train, is it necessary to buy tickets ahead
- of time?
- </para>
- <para>
- It would be best for you to go to buy your tickets two or
- three days ahead of time.
- </para>
- <para>
- And if I take the bus?
- </para>
- <para>
- It’s not necessary to buy tickets ahead of time.
- </para>
- <para>
- What train do you want to take?
- </para>
- <para>
- I want to take a morning train.
- </para>
- <para>
- I’m sorry, the tickets for the morning trains are all sold
- out.
- </para>
- <para>
- boat, ship
- </para>
- <para>
- subway (abbreviation for dìxià tiědào)
- </para>
- <para>
- underground train, subway
- </para>
- <para>
- to play, to relax, to enjoy oneself
- </para>
- <para>
- to be finished (occurs in compound verbs of result)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Wǒ xiǎng dào Nanjing qù kànkan.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Ní Jìhua něitiān qù?
- </para>
- <para>
- MÍngtiān huòshi hòutiān qù dōu kéyi.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Shanghai if Nánjlng you duǒ yuan?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- You liǎngbǎiwǔshiduō gōngll.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Zuò huǒchē yào zou duōshao shíhou?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Yào zǒu sìge bàn xiaoshí.
- </para>
- <para>
- U. Zhèi shi wǒ dìyīcì dào Nánjlng qù. YÍqián méi qùguo.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Bànge xiàoshí gòu le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Wǒ xīwang xiàwù líkāi zhèr.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Shísāndiǎn ling wǔfēn you yítàng tèkuài.
- </para>
- <para>
- ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY (not presented on C-l and
- P-1 tapes)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. dǎsuan
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 8. huòzhě (huòzhe)
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 9. ylhòu
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 10. zhōngtǒu
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- I would like to go to Nanjing to look around.
- </para>
- <para>
- What day do you plan to go?
- </para>
- <para>
- Tomorrow and (or) the day after are both possible.
- </para>
- <para>
- How far is Shànghǎi from Nanjing?
- </para>
- <para>
- It’s over 250 kilometers.
- </para>
- <para>
- How long does it take to go by train?
- </para>
- <para>
- It takes four and a half hours.
- </para>
- <para>
- This will be the first time I have gone to Nanjing. I
- haven’t gone there before.
- </para>
- <para>
- Half an hour is enough.
- </para>
- <para>
- I hope to leave here in the afternoon.
- </para>
- <para>
- There’s an express at 1305.
- </para>
- <para>
- to plan to
- </para>
- <para>
- or (alternate form of huòshi) afterwards, later on, in the
- future hour (alternate word for xiaoshí)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Huǒchē jǐdiǎn zhōng kāi?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Shíbādiàn wǔshiwǔfēn fā chē.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Qǐng nǐ hǎ nǐde hùzhào he luxíngzhèng gěi wo.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Dào Shanghai qùde chē zài dìjǐ zhàntái?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- U. Bú yòng JÍ. Hái zǎo ne. Nǐ xian zài zhèige
- jiēdàishì xiūxixiuxi.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Wǒ zhèijiàn xíngli zěnme bàn? Shi bu shi kēyi
- nashang chē qu?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Kéyi bǎ xíngli nashang chē qu.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Zhèibān chē you cánchē ba?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- You. You Zhōngcān, yě you Xīcān.
- </para>
- <para>
- Hǎojíle.
- </para>
- <para>
- ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY (not presented on C-l and
- P-1 tapes)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. ban
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 8. nashangqu náshanglai náxiaqu náxialai
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 9. pǎo
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 10. wan
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 11. yuètái
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- What time does the train leave?
- </para>
- <para>
- It departs at 1855.
- </para>
- <para>
- Please give me your passport and travel permit.
- </para>
- <para>
- On which platform is the train to Shànghǎi?
- </para>
- <para>
- No need to be anxious. It’s still early. First, rest a bit
- in this waiting room.
- </para>
- <para>
- What should I do about this suitcase of mine? May I take
- it onto the train?
- </para>
- <para>
- You may take the suitcase onto the train.
- </para>
- <para>
- This train has a dining car, I suppose?
- </para>
- <para>
- Yes. There’s Chinese food and there’s also Western food.
- </para>
- <para>
- Great.
- </para>
- <para>
- to move
- </para>
- <para>
- to take up
- </para>
- <para>
- to bring up
- </para>
- <para>
- to take down
- </para>
- <para>
- to bring down
- </para>
- <para>
- to run
- </para>
- <para>
- to be late
- </para>
- <para>
- train platform (alternate word for zhàntái, more common in
- Taiwan)
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
- <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Lao Song, zěnmeyàng? Mang ne?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Bu zēnme máng.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Qǐng ni gēi wo ding yìzhang fēijī piào.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Piào dìnghǎo le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Něibān fēijī?
- </para>
- <para>
- Jǐdiǎn zhōng qǐfēi?
- </para>
- <para>
- U. Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Guangzhou ma?
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Cong Sānlǐtún dào fēijīchǎng yào duōshao
- shíjiān?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Ruguǒ wǒ bādiǎn zhōng líkāi jiā, láidejí
- ba?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Qǐng ni pài ge chē lai jiē wo, song wo
- dào fēijīchǎng qu.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY (not presented on
- C-l and P-1 tapes)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 8. -hǎo le
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 9. luguǎn
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 10. shuōhǎo le
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 11. xiǎnghǎo le
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 12. yàoshi
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 13. zuòhǎo le
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Song, how are things going? Are you busy?
- </para>
- <para>
- Not especially busy.
- </para>
- <para>
- Please reserve a plane ticket for me.
- </para>
- <para>
- The ticket has been reserved.
- </para>
- <para>
- Which flight? What time does it take off?
- </para>
- <para>
- Does this flight go directly to Guangzhou?
- </para>
- <para>
- How much time does it take to go from Sānlǐtún
- to the airport?
- </para>
- <para>
- If I leave home at eight o’clock, I can make it
- in time. Right?
- </para>
- <para>
- Please send a car to pick me up and take me to
- the airport.
- </para>
- <para>
- to be satisfactorily completed
- </para>
- <para>
- hotel
- </para>
- <para>
- to have come to an agreement (about something);
- (something) has been agreed on
- </para>
- <para>
- to have reached a conclusion (about something);
- (something) has been thought out
- </para>
- <para>
- if (alternate word for ruguǒ)
- </para>
- <para>
- to have finished doing (something); (something)
- has been finished
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Hǎo jiǔ méi jiàn, nín chū men le "ba?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Nín wèishénme gang huílai you qù le ne?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Wo zhèicì dào Guangzhou qù shi yǐnwei wo you yige hen
- hǎode péngyou cong Xianggang lai.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Women you yìnién měi jiàn le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Tā ^ǐng <superscript>wo</superscript> Pei ta yìqǐ qù
- luxíng.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 4. Sānge yuè yǐqiǎn tā hāi bù zhīdào néng bu néng lai.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Nǐmen dōu qùguo shěnme dìfang?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Hangzhou gēn Sūzhōu zhēn shi piàoliang.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. You jīhui wǒ yào zài qù yícì.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 8. Zhèixiē dìfang nǐ dōu qùguo le ba?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Méi dōu qùguo.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 9. huí guo
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 10. huí J iā
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 11. huíqu
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY (not presented on C-l and
- P-1 tapes)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 12. rènao
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 13. you yìsi
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- 1U. méi(yǒu) yìsi
- </para>
- <para>
- 15. suǒyǐ (suōyi)
- </para>
- <para>
- I haven’t seen you in a long time. You have been away, I
- suppose?
- </para>
- <para>
- Why did you go again when you had just come back from
- there?
- </para>
- <para>
- This time I went to Guangzhou because I had a very good
- friend coming there from Hong Kong.
- </para>
- <para>
- We had not seen each other for a year.
- </para>
- <para>
- She asked me to accompany her (in her) travels.
- </para>
- <para>
- Three months ago she didn’t know yet whether she would be
- able to come or not.
- </para>
- <para>
- What places did you go to?
- </para>
- <para>
- Hangzhou and Sūzhōu are really beautiful.
- </para>
- <para>
- If I have the chance, I would like to go again.
- </para>
- <para>
- You have gone to all those places, I suppose?
- </para>
- <para>
- I haven't been to all of them.
- </para>
- <para>
- to return to one's native country
- </para>
- <para>
- to come/go home
- </para>
- <para>
- to go back to be lively/bustling/noisy to be interesting
- to be uninteresting therefore, so
- </para>
- </section>
- <section xml:id="unit-1">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark79" /><anchor id="bookmark80" />UNIT
- 1</title>
- <simplesect xml:id="reference-list">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark14" /><anchor id="bookmark81" />REFERENCE
- LIST</title>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. A: Dào Xīméndīng qù, zuò jīlù chē?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B: Zuò Shíbālù.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. A: Shíbālù chē duō bu duo?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B: Bù hēn duō.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. A: Měi gé duōshao shíhou you yìbān chē?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- B: Mei gé èrshifēn zhōng you yìbān.
- </para>
- <para>
- U. C: Wo mēige Xīngqīliù dōu qù kàn diànyīng.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. A: Zuìhōu yìbān chē shi Jidiǎn zhōng?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B: Shíyīdiān shífēn.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. D: Zhèbān chē shì bu shi qù Xīméndīng?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- E: Shì. Shàng chē ba!
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. A: Dào Xíméndīngde shíhou, qing gàosong wS.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- F: Hao.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 8. A: Hai you Jīzhàn dào Xīméndīng?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- F: Xià yízhàn Jiù shi Xīméndīng.
- </para>
- <para>
- What bus do you take to get to Ximending?
- </para>
- <para>
- Take Number 18.
- </para>
- <para>
- Are there many Number 18 buses?
- </para>
- <para>
- Not very many.
- </para>
- <para>
- How much time is there between buses?
- </para>
- <para>
- There’s one every twenty minutes.
- </para>
- <para>
- I go to see a movie every Saturday.
- </para>
- <para>
- What time is the last bus?
- </para>
- <para>
- Eleven-ten.
- </para>
- <para>
- Does this bus go to Ximending?
- </para>
- <para>
- Yes, Get on!
- </para>
- <para>
- When we get to Ximending, please tell me.
- </para>
- <para>
- Okay.
- </para>
- <para>
- How many more stops are there to (before) Ximending?
- </para>
- <para>
- The next stop is Ximending.
- </para>
- <para>
- ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY (not presented on C-l and
- P-1 tapes)
- </para>
- <para>
- 9. shàng-
- </para>
- <para>
- 10. tou-
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- last, previous (something) first (something)
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 11. gàosu
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to tell, to inform (alternate pronunciation
- for gàosong)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 12. shǎo
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to be few
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 13. xià chē
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to get off the bus; "Out, please!"
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 11. y3u(de) shíhou
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- sometimes
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 15. chéng
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- city
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
- <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- VOCABULARY
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- -ban
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- (counter for regularly scheduled trips of
- buses, planes, subways, trains, etc.)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- chē chéng
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- vehicle, bus, car city
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- duō
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to be many
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- -fēn
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- a minute
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- gàosong gàosu gé
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to tell, to inform to tell, to inform to
- separate, to divide off
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- jīlù chē
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- what number bus
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- mēi-
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- every, each
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- shàng shàng-shǎo
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to get on
- </para>
- <para>
- last, previous (something) to be few
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- tou-
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- first (something)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- xià xià-xià chē Xīméndīng
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to get off
- </para>
- <para>
- next (something)
- </para>
- <para>
- to get off the bus; ’’Out, please!” (an area
- of Taipei)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- you(de) shíhou
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- sometimes
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- zhàn zuìhòu
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- a stop, a station last, final (something)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- (introduced on
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- C-2 and P-2 tapes)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Běihǎi Gōngyuán biéde shíhou
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- (a famous park in Beijing) other times
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Dōng j īng fang jià hǎowán
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Tokyo
- </para>
- <para>
- to close for a holiday
- </para>
- <para>
- to be fun (lit., ’’good for relaxing")
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- hui
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- will
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- sljì
- </para>
- <para>
- zou ba
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- driver of a hired vehicle let’s go
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- </simplesect>
- <simplesect xml:id="reference-notes">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark16" /><anchor id="bookmark82" />REFERENCE
- NOTES</title>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. A: Dào Xīméndīng qù, zuo jīlù chē?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B: Zuò Shíbālù.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. A: Shíbālù chē duō bu duo?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B: Bù hen duō.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- What bus do you take to get to Ximending?
- </para>
- <para>
- Take Number 18.
- </para>
- <para>
- Are there many Number 18 buses?
- </para>
- <para>
- Not very many.
- </para>
- <para>
- Notes on Nos. 1-2
- </para>
- <para>
- Xīméndīng literally means "West Gate
- dīng"—dīng being a Japanese term for
- "district." Xīméndīng is the area of Taipei
- which surrounds the former west gate of the city. Today
- the district includes many shops, department stores, and
- movie theaters.
- </para>
- <para>
- Lù is the word for "route." The question jīlù?
- asks for the route number of the bus.
- </para>
- <para>
- Zuò, "to ride/to go by/to take Ea
- conveyance]":<anchor id="footnote1" /><superscript><link linkend="bookmark83">1</link></superscript>
- Here zuò (literally, "to sit") means to go by
- some means of transportation which the passenger is
- inside of (e.g., car, plane, boat, train, bus,
- elevator—NOT a motorcycle or a horse). In exchange 1,
- zuò is used as a main verb. It can also be used as a
- prepositional verb, as in
- </para>
- <para>
- Nī zěnme qù? How are you going? (i.e.
- , by what
- </para>
- <para>
- means of transportation)
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ zuò huǒchē qù. I am going by train.
- </para>
- <para>
- Duō, "to be many/much," is an adjectival
- verb.<anchor id="footnote2" /><superscript><link linkend="bookmark84">2</link></superscript>
- There are several points to remember about duō:
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- a. Adjectival verbs are sometimes used before a noun
- to modify it (e.g., xīn zhuōzi, "new
- table"; dà fángzi, "big house").
- However, when duō is used in this way, it must be
- modified, for example, by hen or tài.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Tā māile hen duō dōngxi. He bought a lot of things.
- </para>
- <para>
- Běijīng jiēshang you hen There are many toilets on
- the
- </para>
- <para>
- duō cèsuǒ. streets of Béijīng.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- b. Much more often, however, duō is used as the main
- verb of a sentence.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Nīde shū zhēn duō! You really have a lot of
- books!
- </para>
- <para>
- Jīntiān jiēshangde rén There are a lot of people
- out today,
- </para>
- <para>
- hen duō. (literally, "on the
- streets
- </para>
- <para>
- today")
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- c. Often it does not occur to students to use duō as
- the main verb of a sentence because in English they
- do not usually say "The students are
- many." They would say "There are many
- students," with "many" as an
- adjective preceding "students." Compare:
- </para>
- <para>
- came.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- (There are
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- a lot of people
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- here.)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Zhèrde
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- rén hěn duō.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- (A lot of people
- </para>
- <para>
- Láide rén hěn duō.
- </para>
- <para>
- NOTE: Shao, "to be few," is used in almost the
- same ways as duō. (See Notes on Additional Required
- Vocabulary.)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. A: Měi gé duōshao shíhou you How much time is
- there between buses? yìbān chē?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- B: Mēi gé èrshifēn zhōng you There’s one every twenty
- minutes, yìbān.
- </para>
- <para>
- Notes on No. 3
- </para>
- <para>
- Měi- is the word for "each,"
- "every."
- </para>
- <para>
- Gé is a verb meaning "to separate," "to
- divide." It is used for intervals of time between
- regularly occurring events (e.g., "every half
- hour"). In exchange 3, gé refers to the length of
- time between buses.
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- měi
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- gé
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- duōshao
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- shíhou
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- (every
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- divide-off [intervals
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- how much
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- time)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- "(every) how often"
- </para>
- <para>
- The first sentence could also be translated as "How
- often is there a bus?" or "How often do the
- buses run?"
- </para>
- <para>
- Yìbān chē: The counter -bān is used for scheduled trips,
- or runs, of a vehicle. Yìbān chē is one bus run.
- </para>
- <para>
- Ershifēn zhōng: The counter -fēn, for minutes, is
- usually followed by zhōng, "clock." (Zhōng
- means "o’clock" in telling time.) "One
- minute" is yìfēn zhōng.
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Měi
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- gé
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- èrshifēn zhōng
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- you
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- yìbān
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- chē.
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- (each
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- interval
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- twenty minutes
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- there is
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- one Crun]
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- bus)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- "There’s a bus every twenty minutes."
- </para>
- <para>
- U. C: Wǒ měige Xīngqīliù dōu qù I go to see a movie
- every Saturday, kān diànyìng.
- </para>
- <para>
- Notes on No. U
- </para>
- <para>
- Měige: When used with a noun, měi- acts as a specifier
- and must be followed by a counter or a noun that does
- not require a counter.
- </para>
- <para>
- měi(ge) rén every person
- </para>
- <para>
- měizhāng zhuōzi every table
- </para>
- <para>
- meitian every day
- </para>
- <para>
- Dōu, "all": Here the adverb dōu implies
- "each and every," or "without
- </para>
- <para>
- exception"—"every Saturday, without
- exception." When the subject of a sentence is
- specified by měi-, the following verb is usually
- modified by the adverb dōu.
- </para>
- <para>
- 5. A: Zuìhòu yìbān chē shi Jǐdiān zhōng?
- </para>
- <para>
- B: Shíyīdiǎn shífēn.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- What time is the last bus?
- </para>
- <para>
- Eleven-ten.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Note on No. 5
- </para>
- <para>
- Zuìhòu yìbān chē: Zuì is the word for "most,"
- or "-est." Zuìhòu means "latest," or
- "last." Note the order in which the elements
- of this phrase appear:
- </para>
- <para>
- zuìhòu
- </para>
- <para>
- yì
- </para>
- <para>
- -bān
- </para>
- <para>
- chē
- </para>
- <para>
- "the last bus"
- </para>
- <para>
- (last
- </para>
- <para>
- one
- </para>
- <para>
- run
- </para>
- <para>
- bus)
- </para>
- <para>
- Both the number and
- </para>
- <para>
- the counter are
- </para>
- <para>
- required
- </para>
- <para>
- in this
- </para>
- <para>
- phrase.
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="7">
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Compare:
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- tóu
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- yì
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- -ban
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- chē
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- "the
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- first bus"
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- xià
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- yì
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- -ban
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- chē
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- "the
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- next bus"
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- shàng
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- yì
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- -ban
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- chē
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- "the
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- last (previous)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- ■ J
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- bus
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- j"
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- (See Note on No. 8 and Notes on Additional Required
- Vocabulary for xià-, ’’next”; shàng-, ’’last,”
- ’’previous”; and tóu-, ’’first.”)
- </para>
- <para>
- 6. D: Zhèbān chē shì bu shi qù Xīméndīng?
- </para>
- <para>
- E: Shì. Shàng chē ba!
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Does this bus go to Ximending?
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Yes. Get on!
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Notes on No. 6
- </para>
- <para>
- Shì bu shi qù, ’’does it go
- to":<anchor id="footnote3" /><superscript><link linkend="bookmark85">3</link></superscript>
- The use of shì bu shi qù rather than qù bu qu in this
- sentence implies that the speaker has an idea that the
- bus does go to Ximending and wants to make sure. (Zhèbān
- chē qù bu qu Xīméndīng? would also be correct.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Qù Xīméndīng, "go to Ximending": The
- destination directly follows the main verb qu. You now
- know two ways to indicate destination:
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ dào Xīméndīng qù. I am going to Ximending.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ qù Xīméndīng.
- </para>
- <para>
- The two forms are equally widely used.
- </para>
- <para>
- Shàng chē: This verb has several meanings. In the
- Directions Module, the meaning was "to go up"
- in Shàng lóu, yòubian Jiù shi mài dìtúde. In this
- exchange, the meaning of shàng is "to get on/in Ca
- vehicle!."
- </para>
- <para>
- 7. A: Dào Ximendingde shíhou, qīng gàosong wǒ.
- </para>
- <para>
- F: Hǎo.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- When we get to Ximending, please tell me.
- </para>
- <para>
- Okay.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Note on No. 7
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào Ximendíngde shíhou means when we arrive in
- Ximending.” If you want to say, in Chinese, "when
- Lsomething happens!,” add -de shíhou to the phrase which
- names the happening.
- </para>
- <para>
- In English, "when” can mean either "during the
- same time” (e.g., "when I was a student") or
- "immediately after" (e.g., "when the
- light turns green"). In Chinese, however, two
- different expressions are used for the
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- two meanings: -de shíhou for "at the after."
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ zài Xiānggǎngde shíhou hěn xihuan qù kàn diànyǐng.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ dàole Tǎihěi yǐhòu, mǎile hěn duō Zhōngwén shū.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- same time" and yíhòu for "immediately
- </para>
- <para>
- When Ci.e. , while! I was in Hong Kong, I liked to go to
- the movies very much.
- </para>
- <para>
- When Ci.e., after! I got to Taipei, I bought a lot of
- Chinese books.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- 8. A: Hai you jizhàn dào Ximending?
- </para>
- <para>
- F: Xià yízhàn Jiù shi Ximending.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- How many more stops are there to (before) Ximending?
- </para>
- <para>
- The next stop is Ximending.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Note on No. 8
- </para>
- <para>
- Xià yízhàn: Here xià means "the next." It is a
- specifier. Xià is usually followed by a numeral or a
- counter, as in the following examples:
- </para>
- <para>
- xiàge yuè next month
- </para>
- <para>
- xià yìbān chē the next bus
- </para>
- <para>
- The phrase xià yízhàn contains no counter because -zhàn,
- like -nián and -tiān, is not used with a counter.
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 9.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- shàng-
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- last, previous (something)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 10.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- tóu-
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- first (something)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 11.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- gàosu
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to tell (alternate pronunciation)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 12.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- shǎo
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to be few
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 13.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- xià chē
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to get off the bus; "Out, please!"
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 1U.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- yǒu(de) shíhou
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- sometimes
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 15.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- chéng
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- city
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- Notes on Additional Required. Vocabulary
- </para>
- <para>
- The specifier shàng-, "last,"
- "previous," is used in the same patterns as
- xià-.
- </para>
- <para>
- shàngge yuè last month
- </para>
- <para>
- shàng yìbān chē the previous bus
- </para>
- <para>
- Tou-, "first," literally "head":
- Let’s contrast dì- and tóu-: Dì- has no meaning of its
- own. Its function is to make a cardinal number into an
- ordinal number: for example, sān, "three,"
- becomes dìsān, "third," as in dìsānge men,
- "the third door." Tóu- has a meaning of its
- own: "first," as in tóusānge men, "the
- first three doors."
- </para>
- <para>
- Tóu- is always followed by at least a number plus a
- counter (or a noun that does not require a counter).
- </para>
- <para>
- tóuliǎngge rén the first two people
- </para>
- <para>
- tóusānběn the first three volumes
- </para>
- <para>
- tóusìtiān the first four days
- </para>
- <para>
- Notice that tóuliǎngge, "the first two," and
- dìèrge, "the second one," must use different
- words for "two," because
- </para>
- <para>
- tóuliǎngge (COUNTING)
- </para>
- <para>
- dìèrge (NOT COUNTING)
- </para>
- <para>
- Tóuyige, "the first one," and dìyíge,
- "the first one," are similar in meaning and
- often interchangeable.
- </para>
- <para>
- Gàosu, "to tell": Gàosong is the usual
- colloquial pronunciation in Beijing speech. Gàosu is the
- usual colloquial pronunciation in many other places in
- China, including Taiwan. The fact that, in a Taipei
- setting, the first speaker in exchange 7 uses gàosong
- tells you that he is almost certainly not a native of
- Taiwan.
- </para>
- <para>
- Shǎo, "to be few": Most of the comments about
- duō in these Reference Notes (exchange 2) also apply to
- the adjectival verb shǎo. Most frequently shǎo is used
- as the main verb of a sentence.
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
- <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Wǒde qian bu shǎo.
- </para>
- <para>
- Zài Taiwan meiyou gōngzuòde rén hen shǎo.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- I have quite a bit of money.
- </para>
- <para>
- There are few people in Taiwan who do not have
- Jobs.
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- One point deserves special attention: Although you may
- say hěn duō shū for "a lot of books," you may
- not say hěn shǎo shū. Hěn shǎo can rarely modify a noun
- which follows—and neither can tài shǎo, zhēn shǎo, and
- related expressions.
- </para>
- <para>
- Xiǎ chē, "to get off Ea vehicle]," may be used
- to signal that you wish to get off—that this is your
- stop. The expression would be translated as "Out,
- please," or "Getting off, getting off,"
- used by passengers in crowded buses and elevators.
- </para>
- <para>
- You(de) shíhou, "sometimes," precedes the verb
- of a sentence, as other time expressions do.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā yǒude shíhou kǎn Yīngwén He sometimes reads English
- newspapers, bào.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ you shíhou zuò Shíbālù Sometimes I take the Number 18
- bus. chē.
- </para>
- <para>
- Originally, chěng meant "city wall." This
- early meaning still affects modern usage: you must say
- "going INto the city," not just "to the
- city."
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā jīntiān dào chěnglǐtou qù. He is going to the city
- today.
- </para>
- </simplesect>
- <simplesect xml:id="vocabulary-booster">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark86" /><anchor id="bookmark87" />VOCABULARY
- BOOSTER</title>
- <para>
- Modes of Transportation
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
- <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- ■bicycle
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- zìxíngchē EBēijīngJ ; jiǎotàchē ETaiwan1
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- boat motorboat rowboat sailboat sampan
- </para>
- <para>
- bus
- </para>
- <para>
- coach (long-distance)
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- chuan
- </para>
- <para>
- qìtīng huátǐng fānchuán shānbǎn
- </para>
- <para>
- gōnggòng qìchē chángtū qìchē
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- car (automobile)
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- qìchē, chēzi, chē
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- helicopter horseback riding
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- zhíshēngfēijī qí ma
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Jeep
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- J ípǔchē
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- motorcycle
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- motuōchē
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- plane Jet
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- fēijī
- </para>
- <para>
- pēnqìshì fēijī, pēnqìjī EPRC3;
- </para>
- <para>
- pēnshèshì fēijī, pēnshèjī ETaiwanJ
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- subway
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- dìxiàtiē, dìtiě, dìxià huǒchē
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- taxi
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- chūzū qìchē, chūzū chē EPRC3; jìchéngchē
- ETaiwani
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- train trolley truck
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- huǒchē diànchē kachē
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- walking
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- zǒu lù
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- </simplesect>
- <simplesect xml:id="drills">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark18" /><anchor id="bookmark88" />DRILLS</title>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- A. Expansion Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Dao Xīméndīng qù, zuò jīlù chē?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (cue) hasn’t yet
- </para>
- <para>
- (What bus do you take to get to Ximending?)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Dao Wǔguānchù qù, zuò jīlù chē? has already
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Dào Nanjing Lù qù, zuò Jīlù chē? did not
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. Dào Zhōngshān Lù qù, zuò jīlù chē? hasn’t yet
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Dào Xīméndīng qù, zuò jīlù chē? has already
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Dào tā jiā qù, zuò Jīlù chē? hasn’t yet
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Dào càishichǎng qù, zuò jīlù chē? did not
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- You: Dào Xīméndīng qù, zuò jīlù chē tā hǎi méi gàosu wo.
- </para>
- <para>
- (He hasn’t yet told me what bus to take to get to
- Ximending.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào Wǔguānchù qù, zuò jīlù chē, tā yījīng gàosu wo le.
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào Nǎnjīng Lù qù, zuò jīlù chē, tā méi gàosu wo.
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào Zhōngshān Lù qù, zuò Jīlù chē, tā hāi méi gàosu wo.
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào Xīméndīng qù, zuò jīlù chē, tā yījīng gàosu wo le.
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào tā jiā qù, zuò jīlù chē, tā hǎi méi gàosu wo.
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào càishichǎng qù, zuò jīlù chē, tā méi gàosu wo.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B. Expansion Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Zuò Shíbālù chē.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (Take the Number 18 bus.)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Zuò Yílù chē.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Zuò Shílù chē.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- U. Zuò Liùlù chē.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- 5. Zuò Wǔlù chē.
- </para>
- <para>
- You: Qīng ni gàosu wo, zuò Shíbālù chē, kéyi bu keyi?
- </para>
- <para>
- (Please tell me, would it be all right to take the
- Number 18 bus?)
- </para>
- <para>
- Qīng ni gàosu wo, zuò Yílù chē, kéyi bu keyi?
- </para>
- <para>
- Qīng ni gàosu wo, zuò Shílù chē, kéyi bu keyi?
- </para>
- <para>
- Qīng ni gàosu wo, zuò Liùlù chē, kéyi bu keyi?
- </para>
- <para>
- Qīng ni gàosu wo, zuò Wǔlù chē, kéyi bu keyi?
- </para>
- <para>
- 6. Zuò Qílù chē.
- </para>
- <para>
- 7. Zuò Shíèrlù chē.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Qǐng ni gàosu wo, zuò Qílù chē, kéyi "bu keyi?
- </para>
- <para>
- Qǐng ni gàosu wo, zuò Shíèrlù chē, kéyi bu keyi?
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- C. Response Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Mei gě duōshao shíhou you yìbān chē?
- (cue) èrshifēn zhōng (How often is there a bus?)
- </para>
- <para>
- 2.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- You; Mei gé èrshifēn zhōng you yìbān chē.
- </para>
- <para>
- (There’s a bus every twenty minutes.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Měi gé shífēn zhōng yōu yìbān chē.
- </para>
- <para>
- Měi gé wǔfēn zhōng you yìbān chē.
- </para>
- <para>
- Měi gé bāfēn zhōng you yìbān chē.
- </para>
- <para>
- Měi gé èrshifēn zhōng you yìbān chē.
- </para>
- <para>
- Měi gé shíwǔfēn zhōng you yìbān chē.
- </para>
- <para>
- Měi gé shíèrfēn zhōng you yìbān chē.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- D. Response Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Shíbālù chē duō bu duo?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (cue) èrshifēn zhōng
- </para>
- <para>
- (Are there many Number 18 buses?)
- </para>
- <para>
- You: BÙ shǎo. Měi gě èrshifēn zhōng you yìbān.
- </para>
- <para>
- (Quite a few. There’s one every twenty minutes.)
- </para>
- <para>
- 2.
- </para>
- <para>
- YÍlù chē duō bu duo? wǔfēn zhōng
- </para>
- <para>
- Bù shāo.
- </para>
- <para>
- yìbān.
- </para>
- <para>
- Měi gé wǔfēn zhōng you
- </para>
- <para>
- 3.
- </para>
- <para>
- Dao Táinān qùde chē duō bu duo? wǔshifēn zhōng
- </para>
- <para>
- Bù shāo. yìbān.
- </para>
- <para>
- Měi gé wǔshifēn zhōng you
- </para>
- <para>
- U.
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào Jīlōng qùde chē duō bu duo? sìshifēn zhōng
- </para>
- <para>
- Bù shāo. yìbān.
- </para>
- <para>
- Měi gé sìshifēn zhōng you
- </para>
- <para>
- 5.
- </para>
- <para>
- Shílù chē duō bu duo? shífēn zhōng
- </para>
- <para>
- Bù shāo. yìbān.
- </para>
- <para>
- Měi gé shífēn zhōng you
- </para>
- <para>
- 6.
- </para>
- <para>
- Sānlù chē duō bu duo? èrshiwǔfēn zhōng
- </para>
- <para>
- Bù shāo. Měi gé èrshiwufēn zhōng you yìbān.
- </para>
- <para>
- 7.
- </para>
- <para>
- Èrlù chē duō bu duo? shíwǔfēn zhōng
- </para>
- <para>
- Bù shāo.
- </para>
- <para>
- yìbān.
- </para>
- <para>
- Měi gé shíwǔfēn zhōng you
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- E. Expansion Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Nèibān chē shi jǐdiān zhōng?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (cue) Taizhōng
- </para>
- <para>
- (What time is that bus?)
- </para>
- <para>
- You: Qíngwèn, dào Taizhōng qùde nèibān chē shi jǐdian
- zhōng? (May I ask, what time is that bus to Taizhong?)
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 2.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Neibān chē shi jǐdiān zhōng? Tainan
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Qǐngwèn, dào Tāinān qùde nèibān chē shi jǐdiān
- zhōng?
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 3.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Nèibān chē shi jǐdiān zhōng?
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Qǐngwèn, dào Jīlōng qùde nèibān
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Jīlōng
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- chē shi jǐdiān zhōng?
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 4.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Nèibān chē shi jǐdiān zhōng?
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Qīngwèn, dào Jiāyì qùde nèibān chē
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Jiāyì
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- shi jǐdiān zhōng?
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 5.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Nèibān chē shi Jǐdiān zhōng?
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Qǐngwèn, dào Tāiběi qùde nèibān chē
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Tāiběi
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- shi jǐdiān zhōng?
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 6.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Nèibān chē shi jǐdiān zhōng?
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Qǐngwèn, dào Huāliān qùde nèibān
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Huāliān
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- chē shi Jǐdiān zhōng?
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Nèibān chē shi jǐdiǎn zhōng? Gāoxiōng
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Qǐngwèn, dào Gāoxiōng qu.de nèibān chē shi jǐdiǎn zhōng?
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- F. Response Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Zhè shi bu shi zuìhòu yìbān chē?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (cue) 11:10
- </para>
- <para>
- (Is this the last bus?)
- </para>
- <para>
- You: Bú shi. Zuìhòu yìbān chē shi shíyīdiǎn shífēn.
- </para>
- <para>
- (No. The last bus is at 11:10.)
- </para>
- <para>
- 2. Zhè shi bu shi zuìhòu yìbān chē? 11:30
- </para>
- <para>
- 3. Zhè shi bu shi zuìhòu yìbān chē? 12:00
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Bú shi. Zuìhòu yìbān chē shi shíyīdiǎn ban.
- </para>
- <para>
- Bú shi. Zuìhòu yìbān chē shi shíèrdiǎn.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- U. Zhè shi bu shi zuìhòu yìbān chē? 11: HO
- </para>
- <para>
- 5. Zhè shi bu shi zuìhòu yìbān chē? 12:10
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Bú shi. Zuìhòu yìbān chē shi shíyīdiǎn sìshifēn.
- </para>
- <para>
- Bú shi. Zuìhòu yìbān chē shi shíèrdiǎn shífēn.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- 6. Zhè shi bu shi zuìhòu yìbān chē? 11:00
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Bú shi. Zuìhòu yìbān chē shi shíyīdiǎn.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- 7. Zhè shi bu shi zuìhòu yìbān chē? 10:50
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Bú shi. Zuìhòu yìbān chē shi shídiǎn wúshifēn.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- G. Transformation Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Zhèibān chē dào Xīméndīng qù ma?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (Does this bus go to Ximending?)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Zhèibān chē dào Zhōngshān Bǎilù qù ma?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Zhèibān chē dào Zhōnghuā Lù qù ma?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 4. Zhèibān chē dào Zìyōu Lù qù ma?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- You: Zhèibān chē shi bu shi qù Xīméndīng?
- </para>
- <para>
- (Does this bus go to Ximending?)
- </para>
- <para>
- Zhèibān chē shi bu shi qù Zhōngshān Běilù?
- </para>
- <para>
- Zhèibān chē shi bu shi qù Zhōnghuā Lù?
- </para>
- <para>
- Zhèibān chē shi bu shi qù ZÌyōu Lù?
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Zhèibān chē dào Rénài LÙ qù ma?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Zhèibān chē dào Nānjīng Dōnglù qù ma?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Zhèibān chē dào Hépíng Xīlù qù ma?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Zhèibān chē shì bu shi qù Rénài Lù?
- </para>
- <para>
- Zhèibān chē shì bu shi qù Nanjing Dōnglù?
- </para>
- <para>
- Zhèibān chē shì bu shi qù Hépíng Xīlù?
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- H. Transformation Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker; Tā xià chē le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (cue) Xīméndīng
- </para>
- <para>
- (He got off the bus.)
- </para>
- <para>
- OR Tā xià chē.
- </para>
- <para>
- (cue) Xīméndīng
- </para>
- <para>
- (He is getting off the bus.)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Tā shàng chē le. Zhōngshān Běilù
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Tā shàng chē. Hépíng Dōnglù
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. Tā xià chē le. MÍnshēng Lù
- </para>
- <para>
- 5. Tā shàng chē le. Rénài LÙ
- </para>
- <para>
- 6. Tā xià chē. Zhōnghuā Lù
- </para>
- <para>
- You; Tā shì zài Xīméndīng xiàde chē. (He got off the bus
- at Ximending.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā zài Xīméndīng xià chē.
- </para>
- <para>
- (He is getting off the bus at Ximending.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā shì zài Zhōngshān Běilù shàngde chē.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā zài Hépíng Dōnglù shàng chē.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā shì zài MÍnshēng Lù xiàde chē.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā shì zài Rénài Lù shàngde chē.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā zài Zhōnghuā Lù xià chē.
- </para>
- <para>
- I. Expansion Drill
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker; Dào Xīméndīng qīng gàosu wo.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (cue) shíhou
- </para>
- <para>
- (When we GET TO Ximending, please tell me.)
- </para>
- <para>
- You; Dào Xīméndīngde shíhou qīng gàosu wo.
- </para>
- <para>
- (When we get to XIMENDING, please tell me.)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Dào Zhōngshān Běilù qīng gàosu Dào Zhōngshān
- Běilù yīqiān qīng wo. yīqiān
- gàosu wo.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Dào Nānjīng Dōnglù qīng gàosu Dào Nānjīng
- Dōnglùde shíhou qīng wo. shíhou
- gàosu wo.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- !♦. Dào Rénài LÙ qǐng gàosu wo. yīqián
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Dào Mínquán Lù qǐng gàosu wo. shíhou
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Dào Hépíng Xīlù qǐng gàosu wo. yīqián
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Dào Zìyéu Lù qǐng gàosu wo. shíhou
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Dào Rénài Lu yīqián qǐng gàosu wo.
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào Mínquán Lùde shíhou qǐng gàosu wo.
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào Hépíng Xīlù yīqián qīng gàosu wo.
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào Zìyéu Lùde shíhou qǐng gàosu wo.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- J. Response Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Hái you Jīzhàn dào Xīméndīng?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (cue) xià
- </para>
- <para>
- (How many more stops are there to [beforeJ Ximending?)
- </para>
- <para>
- OR Hai you jīzhàn dào Xīméndīng?
- </para>
- <para>
- (cue) 3
- </para>
- <para>
- (How many more stops are there to [before! Ximending?)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Hai you jīzhàn dào Zhōnghuá Lù? xià
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Hai you jīzhàn dào Nanjīng Dōnglù? 2
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. Hai you Jīzhàn dào Xīnshēng Nanlù? xià
- </para>
- <para>
- 5. Hái you Jīzhàn dào Zìyéu Lù?
- </para>
- <para>
- 2
- </para>
- <para>
- 6. Hai you Jīzhàn dào MÍnshēng Lù?
- </para>
- <para>
- xià
- </para>
- <para>
- You: Xià yízhàn Jiù shi Xīméndīng. (The next stop is
- Ximending.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Hai you sānzhàn Jiù shi Xīméndīng.
- </para>
- <para>
- (Three more stops, and that’s Ximending.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Xià yízhàn Jiù shi Zhōnghuá Lù.
- </para>
- <para>
- Hai yōu liǎngzhàn jiù shi Nanjīng Dōnglù.
- </para>
- <para>
- Xià yízhàn jiù shi Xīnshēng Nánlù.
- </para>
- <para>
- Hai yōu liǎngzhàn Jiù shi Zìyéu Lù.
- </para>
- <para>
- Xià yízhàn Jiù shi MÍnshēng Lù.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- K. Expansion Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Tā dào Zhōngguo qù. (cue) nián
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (He goes to China.)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Tā kàn Zhōngguo diànyīng.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- yuè
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Tā dào Niǔ Yuē qù. xīngqī
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. Tā dào xuexiào lai. tiān
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Tā mǎi Yīngwen zāzhì.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Xīngqīwǔ
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Tā dào càishichǎng qù. tiān
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Tā kàn bào. tiān
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- You: Tā měiniān dōu dào Zhōngguo qù (He goes to China
- every year.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā meige yuè dōu kàn Zhōngguo diànyīng.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā meige xīngqī dōu dào Niǔ Yuē qù.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā měitiān dōu dào xuexiào lai.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā meige Xīngqīwǔ dōu mǎi Yīngwén zāzhì.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā meitiān dōu dào càishichǎng qù.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā měitiān dōu kàn bào.
- </para>
- </simplesect>
- </section>
- <section xml:id="unit-2">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark89" /><anchor id="bookmark90" />UNIT
- 2</title>
- <simplesect xml:id="reference-list-1">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark19" /><anchor id="bookmark91" />REFERENCE
- LIST</title>
- <para>
- (in Běijīng)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. A: Dào zhǎnlǎnguǎn you meiyou zhídāchē?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B: Meiyou.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. A: Dào nàr qù, zuò jīlù chē ya?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B: Zuò Yílù chē.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. B: Zuò dao Xīdān huàn chē.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. A: Zānmen zài nǎr mǎi piào?
- </para>
- <para>
- B: Zài chēshang mai piào.
- </para>
- <para>
- 5. B: Hao, xiànzài zǒu Bal
- </para>
- <para>
- 6. A: Èi! Zānmen bú shi zuòguò zhàn le ba?
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B: Hǎi méi ne. Xià yízhàn cài xià chē.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- 7<anchor id="footnote4" /><superscript><link linkend="bookmark92">4</link></superscript>
- <superscript><link linkend="bookmark92">4</link></superscript> C:
- Lāojià, Shíwùlù qìchēzhàn zài nǎr?
- </para>
- <para>
- D: Jiù zài něige lùkǒurshang.
- </para>
- <para>
- Is there a direct bus to the exhibition hall?
- </para>
- <para>
- No.
- </para>
- <para>
- What bus do you take to get there?
- </para>
- <para>
- Take the Number 1 bus.
- </para>
- <para>
- Take it to Xīdān and change buses.
- </para>
- <para>
- Where do we buy tickets?
- </para>
- <para>
- We buy tickets on the bus.
- </para>
- <para>
- Okay, let’s go now!
- </para>
- <para>
- Hey! Haven’t we gone past our stop?
- </para>
- <para>
- Not yet. We don’t get off until the next stop.
- </para>
- <para>
- Excuse me, where is the Number 15 bus stop?
- </para>
- <para>
- It’s (just) on that corner.
- </para>
- <para>
- ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY (not presented on C-l and
- P-1 tapes)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 8. gōnggòng qìchē
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 9. -li
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 10. -shang
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 11. shàng ban
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 12. xià ban
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- public bus (local)
- </para>
- <para>
- in (locational ending)
- </para>
- <para>
- on
- </para>
- <para>
- to start work, to go to work
- </para>
- <para>
- to get off from work, to leave work
- </para>
- </simplesect>
- <simplesect xml:id="vocabulary">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark20" /><anchor id="bookmark93" />VOCABULARY</title>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- ba
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- (tone softener)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- cái
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- then and only then, not until
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- gōnggòng qìchē
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- public bus (local)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- -li
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- in (locational ending)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- piào (yìzhāng)
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- ticket, coupon
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- qìchēzhàn
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- bus stop
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- -shang
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- on (locational ending)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- shàng ban
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to go to work, to start work
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- xià ban
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to get off from work, to leave work
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Xīdān
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- (a district in Beijīng)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- zánmen
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- we (specifically includes the
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- listener)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- zhǎnlǎnguǎn
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- exhibition hall
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- zhídáchē
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- direct bus , nonstop bus
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- zuS dao
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to ride to
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- zuòguò
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to ride past
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- (introduced on C-2 and P-2 tapes)
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
- <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Andìngměn bī j iǎo dòngwuyuán liǎngcì Xiao
- (name)
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- (a neighborhood in Beijīng) comparatively,
- relatively zoo two times, twice
- </para>
- <para>
- Little (name) [familiar form of name among
- friends]
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- xiongmāo zhǎnlǎn
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- panda to exhibit
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- zhèicì
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- this time
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- </simplesect>
- <simplesect xml:id="reference-notes-1">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark21" /><anchor id="bookmark94" />REFERENCE
- NOTES</title>
- <para>
- 1. A: Dào zhǎnlǎnguǎn you meiyou Is there a direct bus
- to the exhibi-zhídǎchē? tion hall?
- </para>
- <para>
- B: Meiyou. No.
- </para>
- <para>
- Notes on No. 1
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào zhǎnlǎnguǎn is the topic of the first sentence in
- exchange 1.
- </para>
- <para>
- Zhídǎchē refers to a city bus in exchange 1, although
- the word is more properly used to refer to buses between
- cities.
- </para>
- <para>
- Changed tones: You have now learned several
- three-syllable words in which the middle syllable
- changes tone in normal fast speech. These words and the
- changes you hear are
- </para>
- <para>
- Jiǎnǎdà Jiānādà
- </para>
- <para>
- Ximending Ximending
- </para>
- <para>
- zhǎnlǎnguǎn zhǎnlǎnguǎn zhǎnlǎnguǎn
- </para>
- <para>
- zhídǎchē zhídǎchē
- </para>
- <para>
- (For further discussion of this type of tone change, see
- Tone Changes in the P&R Summary.)
- </para>
- <para>
- 2. A: Dào nàr qù, zuò jilù chē ya?
- </para>
- <para>
- B: Zuò Yīlù chē.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- What bus do you take to get there? Take the Number 1
- bus.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Note on No. 2
- </para>
- <para>
- Ya is a variant form of the marker a_. If the word
- directly preceding the a ends in a vowel, the semivowel
- y or w may be inserted; the marker is then pronounced ya
- or wa. If the word directly preceding a. ends in a
- consonant, that sound is carried forward as the initial
- sound of the marker: /(consonant sound)a/
- </para>
- <para>
- Ni shi nǎrde ren /n/a?
- </para>
- <para>
- Ni xìng Wǎng /ng/a?
- </para>
- <para>
- Ni hǎo /w/a?
- </para>
- <para>
- Tǎ zhēn kuài /j/a!
- </para>
- <para>
- 3. B: Zuò dao Xīdān huàn chē.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Take it to Xīdān and change buses.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Notes on No. 3
- </para>
- <para>
- Zuò dao Xīdān: In earlier exchanges, phrases consisting
- of dào and a place word were placed before the main verb
- in a sentence. In this exchange, you see that dào +
- place word can also be placed after the main verb. Dao
- is toneless when it follows the verb of a sentence.
- </para>
- <para>
- Huàn is used in exchange 3 for "changing" from
- one bus to another. It was used in earlier modules for
- "changing" from one currency to another.
- </para>
- <para>
- U. A: Zānmen zài nǎr mǎi piào?
- </para>
- <para>
- Where do we buy tickets? We buy tickets on the bus.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- B: Zài chēshang mǎi piào.
- </para>
- <para>
- Notes on No. 4
- </para>
- <para>
- Although spelled zānmen, this word is actually
- pronounced zámen, and in everyday conversation even as
- zām. Both women and zānmen are translated as
- "we." Most speakers of Chinese outside Běijīng
- use only women.
- </para>
- <para>
- Many Chinese from Běijīng use the pronoun women only
- when the person being spoken to is not included in the
- "we." To show that the person being spoken to
- IS included in the "we," zānmen is used.
- </para>
- <para>
- For instance, if everyone in a room is Chinese, any one
- person could say to all of the others Zānmen dōu shi
- Zhòngguo rén, "All of us are Chinese." If an
- American then entered the room, someone might say to him
- Women shi Zhòngguo ren, nǐ shi Měiguo ren, "We are
- Chinese, and you are American.’*
- </para>
- <para>
- The phrase zài chēshang consists of the verb zài
- followed by the noun chē plus the locational ending
- -shang. Some verbs like zài must be followed by a place
- word or phrase (or by time words or phrases). But not
- all nouns which refer to things which occupy space can
- be used as place words. You must learn which words can
- function as place words and which cannot.
- </para>
- <para>
- Zhèr, nàr, relative location words (zuǒbianr, dōngbianr,
- wàibianr, etc.), and names of cities and countries may
- be used as place words. In general, nouns which refer to
- buildings, institutions, organizations, parks, and other
- specific locations may be used as place words. Nouns
- which refer to vehicles, people, books, furniture, and
- other things that can be moved around are NOT considered
- place words. When a noun from this group is to be used
- in a phrase with zài, either a locatiohal ending is
- added to the noun or the place word zhèr or nàr follows
- it.
- </para>
- <para>
- Zài zhuōzishang you hěn duō There are many hooks on the
- table, shū.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā zài nèige zhuōzi nàr He studies at that table,
- </para>
- <para>
- niàn shū.
- </para>
- <para>
- Locational endings: -shang, ’’on*'; -li, "in";
- -wài, "outside"; and -xià, "under,"
- are locational endings.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā zài lōuxià mai dōngxi. He is buying things
- downstairs.
- </para>
- <para>
- Fàndiànli you meiyou mài Is there a place to buy
- candy in
- </para>
- <para>
- tángde? the hotel?
- </para>
- <para>
- You have learned three generally equivalent ways to form
- place expressions: noun + locational ending; noun
- followed by relative location word; noun + de followed
- by relative location word.
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="8">
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Tā
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- zài
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- men-
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- -wài
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- děng
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- ni.
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Tā
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- zài
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- men
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- wài-
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- -bianr
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- děng
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- ni.
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Tā
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- zài
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- men
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- -de
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- wài-
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- -bianr
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- děng
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- ni.
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. B: Hǎo, xiànzài zǒu ba!
- </para>
- <para>
- Okay, let’s go now!
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Note on No. 5
- </para>
- <para>
- Ba: You have seen the marker ba used in different
- situations at the ends of sentences. In each case,
- however, its effect was to soften the impact of whatever
- the speaker was saying. Here is a summary of the uses
- you have seen:
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- a. After a phrase which puts forth an opinion or
- guess, ba adds a questioning tone (BIO, Unit 2).
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Tā dàgài bù lai le ba? He’s probably not coming after
- all, is he?
- </para>
- <para>
- Nǐ shi Wèi Shàoxiào ba? You must be Major Weiss.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- b. After a statement which puts forth a course of
- action, ba softens the tone. Ba may be used at the
- end of a sentence with a meaning ranging anywhere
- from tentative and consulting to suggesting or
- advising to requesting or ordering. (The tone of ba
- sentences varies according to the person being
- spoken to, the speaker’s tone of voice, and other
- words, such as qǐng, "please," in a
- sentence.) (MON, Unit 3)
- </para>
- <para>
- Nǐ zǒu "ba!
- </para>
- <para>
- Nǐ hǎohāor xiǎngxiang ta!
- </para>
- <para>
- Qing ba!
- </para>
- <para>
- Zánmen zǒu ba.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ mǎi dàde ba.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Leave! (ORDERING)
- </para>
- <para>
- You think it over carefully! (ADVISING)
- </para>
- <para>
- Please go ahead! (INVITING)
- </para>
- <para>
- Let’s go. (SUGGESTING)
- </para>
- <para>
- I guess I’ll get the large one. (TENTATIVE AND
- CONSULTING)
- </para>
- <para>
- There is no single way to translate this use of ba. In
- the examples above, you can see that when the subject is
- "you," ba goes untranslated; when the subject
- is "we," ba is translated as
- "let's"; and when the subject is
- "I," ba is translated as "I guess."
- </para>
- <para>
- 6. A: Èi! Zánmen bú shi zuòguò zhàn le ba?
- </para>
- <para>
- B: Hái méi ne. Xià yízhàn cái xià chē.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Hey! Haven’t we gone past our stop?
- </para>
- <para>
- Not yet. We don’t get off until the next stop.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Notes on No. 6
- </para>
- <para>
- Bú shi: Below are some examples of affirmative questions
- and their
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- negative counterparts (using bú shi). examples shi means
- something like "to
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā yǐjīng zǒu le ba?
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā bú shi yǐjīng zǒu le ba?
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā zhù zai Shànghǎi ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā bú shi zhù zai Shànghǎi ma?
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Notice that in the two negative be the case
- that...."
- </para>
- <para>
- Has he already gone?
- </para>
- <para>
- Hasn’t he already gone? (isn’t it the case that he has
- already gone?)
- </para>
- <para>
- Does she live in Shànghǎi?
- </para>
- <para>
- Doesn’t she live in Shànghǎi?
- </para>
- <para>
- (Isn’t it the case that she lives in Shànghǎi?)
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Zuòguò le: To the main verb zuò, "to ride,"
- "to take," the ending -guò is added to
- indicate the result of the action—"going past/too
- far." (The full verb guò means "to pass,"
- "to cross.") The ending -guò may also be added
- to the verb zǒu, "to go," to indicate result.
- </para>
- <para>
- Òu, nǐ zhǎo Nánwèi Hútong! Oh, you are looking for
- Nánwèi Hútong. Nǐ zǒuguò le! Nǐ dei You have
- walked past it. You will
- </para>
- <para>
- wàng huí zǒu. have to go back.
- </para>
- <para>
- Aspect marker ne: You have frequently seen an aspect
- marker used to indicate a CHANGE: completion le shows
- that an action or process has been carried out (Tā zǒu
- le, "He has left"); new situation le marks a
- change in the past, present, or future (Tāde dàyī pole,
- "His coat is worn out"). In exchange 6, the
- aspect marker ne indicates the ABSENCE OF CHANGE. In
- this exchange, ne emphasizes that there has been no
- change in the situation. You may want to think of ne as
- the opposite of le.
- </para>
- <para>
- The marker ne is used with ACTION and STATE verbs.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā xiānzāi niān shū ne. He is studying now.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā zài zhèr ne. He’s here.
- </para>
- <para>
- Zhèizhī bl hai kéyi xiě ne. This pen is still good (can
- still write).
- </para>
- <para>
- Hai, "still," "yet": When this
- adverb is used, the sentence very often ends with the
- marker ne.
- </para>
- <para>
- Míngtiān wǒ hai bù zǒu ne. I’m not leaving tomorrow
- (yet).
- </para>
- <para>
- (i.e., I’ll still be here tomorrow.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā hai méi lai ne. He hasn’t come yet.
- </para>
- <para>
- "Still" and "yet" may, however, be
- translated into Chinese with either hái or ne.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā hai méi lai. He hasn't come yet.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā méi lai ne.
- </para>
- <para>
- Cai means "then and only then" or "not
- until then." It is used to talk about something
- that has happened or will happen later than expected.
- </para>
- <para>
- Women míngtiān cái zǒu. We don’t leave until
- tomorrow.
- </para>
- <para>
- Sentences in which cái is used emphasize when something
- happened, rather than the fact that it happened.
- Therefore (shi)... -de, not le, is used to indicate
- completed action.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā (shi) bādiǎn zhōng cái He didn’t come until eight
- o’clock, láide.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wo zuótiān cái dàode. I didn’t arrive until
- yesterday.
- </para>
- <para>
- Notice that the shi in the shi...-de construction may be
- omitted. Also, cái is placed AFTER a time word or phrase
- and BEFORE the verb.
- </para>
- <para>
- You have learned three words for "then": Jiù,
- zài, cái. Jiù is used for action taking place earlier
- than expected. Cái and zài imply that something happens
- later than expected. Cái and Jiù are used in
- descriptions of completed or future action. Zài is used
- mostly for plans, suggestions, and commands—in reference
- to future actions.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā zuótiān jiù dào le. He arrived yesterday
- (already).
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā (shi) zuótiān cái láide. He didn’t come until
- yesterday.
- </para>
- <para>
- Nǐ míngtiān zài zǒu ba.’ Don’t go until
- tomorrow.’
- </para>
- <para>
- Notice that, in the description of past events, most
- sentences containing jiù also contain the completion le
- marker.
- </para>
- <para>
- 7. C: Láojià, Shíwǔlù qìchēzhàn zài nar?
- </para>
- <para>
- D: Jiù zài nèige lùkǒurshang.
- </para>
- <para>
- Excuse me. Where is the Number 15 bus stop?
- </para>
- <para>
- It’s (just) on that corner.
- </para>
- <para>
- Note on No. 7
- </para>
- <para>
- Lùkǒurshang, literally "on the intersection":
- LùkSur means "road mouth," a crossroads or
- intersection. The word is a place-word expression and
- may follow zài with or without the locational ending
- -shang.
- </para>
- </simplesect>
- <simplesect xml:id="drills-1">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark55" /><anchor id="bookmark95" />DRILLS</title>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- A. Substitution Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Dào Beijing Zhǎnlǎnguǎn You: Dào Mínzú
- Fàndiàn you meiyou you meiyou zhídáchē?
- zhídáchē?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (cue) Mínzú Fàndiàn (is there a direct bus to
- the
- </para>
- <para>
- (is there a direct bus Nationalities Hotel?)
- </para>
- <para>
- to the Běijīng
- </para>
- <para>
- Exhibition Hall?)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2, Dào Mínzú Fàndiàn you meiyou zhídáchē?
- Sānlitún
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Dào Sānlitún you meiyou zhídáchē? Xīdān
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. Dào Xīdān you meiyou zhídáchē? Dōngdān Càishichǎng
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Dào Dōngdān Càishichǎng you meiyou zhídáchē?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Dōngdān Diànyingyuàn
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Dào Dōngdān Diànyingyuàn you meiyou zhídáchē?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Jiānádà Wǔguānchù
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Dào Jiānádà Wǔguānchù you meiyou zhídáchē?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Dào Sānlitún you meiyou zhídáchē?
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào Xīdān yōu meiyou zhídáchē?
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào Dōngdān Càishichǎng you meiyou zhídáchē ?
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào Dōngdān Diànyingyuàn yōu meiyou zhídáchē?
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào Jiānádà Wǔguānchù yōu meiyou zhídáchē?
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B. Response Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Dào Beijing Zhǎnlǎnguǎn yōu meiyou
- zhídáchē? (cue) Xīdān
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (is there a direct bus to the Běijīng Exhibition Hall?)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Dào Sānlitún yōu meiyou zhídáchē? Dōngdān
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Dào Guānghuá Lù yōu meiyou zhídáchē? tāmen nàr
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- You: Meiyou, děi zài Xīdān huàn chē. (There isn’t. You
- have to change buses at Xīdān.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Meiyou, děi zài Dōngdān huàn chē.
- </para>
- <para>
- Máiyou, děi zài tāmen nàr huàn chē.
- </para>
- <para>
- U. Dào Dōngdān Diànyǐngyuàn you meiyou zhídǎchē? Qiǎnmén
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Dào Jiānǎdà Wǔguānchù you meiyou zhídǎchē? Xīdān
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Dào Qiánmén you meiyou zhídǎchē? Dōngdān
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Dào Wǎngfǔjīng Dàjiē you meiyou zhídǎchē?
- càishichāng nàr
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Meiyou, dēi zài Qiǎnmén huàn chē
- </para>
- <para>
- Meiyou, dēi zài Xīdān huàn chē.
- </para>
- <para>
- Meiyou, dēi zài Dōngdān huàn chē
- </para>
- <para>
- Meiyou, dēi zài càishichāng nàr huàn chē.
- </para>
- <para>
- C. Expansion Drill
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: dào nàr qù (cue) jǐ (to go there)
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- OR dào zhǎnlǎnguǎn qù (cue) 3
- </para>
- <para>
- (to go to the exhibition hall)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark96">2. dào Dōngdān qù</link>
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. dào nàr qù
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark97">U. dào Xīnhuǎ Shūdiàn
- qù</link>
- </para>
- <para>
- <link linkend="bookmark98">5. dào Sānlǐtún qù</link> 6.
- dào Dōngdān Càishichāng qù You: Dào nàr qù zuò Jīlù chē?
- </para>
- <para>
- (What Cnumber2 bus do you take to go there?)
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào zhǎnlǎnguǎn qù zuò Sānlù chē.
- </para>
- <para>
- (To go to the exhibition hall, take the Number 3 bus.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào Dōngdān qù zuò Sānlù chē.
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào nàr qù zuò jīlù chē?
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào Xīnhuǎ Shūdiàn qù zuò Yīlù chē.
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào Sānlǐtún qù zuò Wulù chē.
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào Dōngdān Càishichāng qù zuò jīlù chē?
- </para>
- <para>
- D. Response Drill
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Nín xiān zuò Yīlù chē, zuò dao Xīdān
- huàn chē.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (You first take the Number 1 bus. Take it to Xīdān and
- change buses.)
- </para>
- <para>
- You: Wō xiān zuò Yīlù chē, zuò dao Xīdān huàn chē, duì
- bu dui?
- </para>
- <para>
- (I first take the Number 1 bus. I take it to Xīdān and
- change buses. Right?)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Nín xiān zuò Sānlù chē, zuò dao Wángfǔjīng Dàjiē
- huàn chē.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. NÍn xiān zuò Liùlù chē, zuò dao Dōngdān huàn chē.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. Nín xiān zuò Wulù chē, zuò dao Qiánmen huàn chē.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. NÍn xiān zuò Shílù chē, zuò dao Sānlǐtún huàn
- chē.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Nín xiān zuò Qílù chē, zuò dao Rìtān Lù huàn chē.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Nín xiān zuò Shíèrlù chē, zuò dao Guānghuá Lù
- huàn chē.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Wo xiān zuò Sānlù chē, zuò dao Wángfǔjǐng Dàjiē huàn
- chē, duì bu dui?
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ xiān zuò Liùlù chē, zuò dao Dōngdān huàn chē, duì bu
- dui?
- </para>
- <para>
- Wo xiān zuò Wǔlù chē, zuò dao Qiánmán huàn chē, duì bu
- dui?
- </para>
- <para>
- Wo xiān zuò Shílù chē, zuò dao Sānlǐtún huàn chē, duì bu
- dui?
- </para>
- <para>
- Wo xiān zuò Qílù chē, zuò dao Rìtān Lù huàn chē, duì bu
- dui?
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ xiān zuò Shíèrlù chē, zuò dao Guānghuá Lù huàn chē,
- duì bu dui?
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- E. Response Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Dào nàr qù xiān zuò Sānlù chē, ránhòu
- zuò Wǔlù chē.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (To go there, first
- </para>
- <para>
- take the Number 3 bus; then take the Number 5 bus.)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Dào Zhǎnlǎnguǎn qù xiān zuò Yilù chē, ránhòu zuò
- Sìlù chē.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Dào Wángfǔjǐng Dàjiē qù xiān zuò Èrlù chē, ránhòu
- zuò Wǔlù chē.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- H. Dào Rìtán Lù qù xiān zuò Qílù chē, ránhòu zuò Sānlù
- chē.
- </para>
- <para>
- You: Wǒ xiān zuò Sānlù chē, ránhòu zuò Wǔlù chē.
- Qǐngwèn, zài nǎr huàn chē?
- </para>
- <para>
- (I first take the Number 3 bus; then take the Number 5
- bus. May I ask, where do I change buses?)
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ xiān zuò Sìlù chē. chē?
- </para>
- <para>
- Yīlù chē, Qǐngwèn,
- </para>
- <para>
- ránhòu zài nǎr
- </para>
- <para>
- zuò huàn
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ xiān zuò Wǔlù chē. chē?
- </para>
- <para>
- Èrlù chē, Qǐngwèn,
- </para>
- <para>
- ránhòu zài nǎr
- </para>
- <para>
- zuò huàn
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ xiān Sānlù
- </para>
- <para>
- zuò chē,
- </para>
- <para>
- Qílù chē, . Qǐngwèn
- </para>
- <para>
- ránhòu zuò
- </para>
- <para>
- , zài nǎr huàn
- </para>
- <para>
- chē?
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Dào Sānlǐtún qù xiān zuò Liùlù chē, ránhòu zuò
- Èrlù chē.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Dào Rìtán Lù qù xiān zuò Shílù chē, ránhòu zuò
- Qílù chē.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Wo xiān zuò Liùlù chē, ránhòu zuò Èrlù chē. Qǐngwèn, zài
- nǎr huàn chē?
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ xiān zuò Shílù chē, ránhòu zuò Qílù chē. Qǐngwèn, zài
- nǎr huàn chē?
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Dào Xīdān qù xiān zuò Shíwùlù chē, ránhòu zuò
- Liùlù chē.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Wǒ xiān zuò Shíwùlù chē, ránhòu zuò Liùlù chē. Qǐngwèn,
- zài nǎr huàn chē?
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- F. Expansion Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (cue) chēshang (Where do we buy tickets?)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào? zhèr
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào? nar
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào? Dōngdān nàr
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào? chēshang
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào? càishichǎng nàr
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào? Xīdān nàr
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- You: Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào? Zài chēshang mǎi piào ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- (Where do we buy tickets? Do we buy them on the bus?)
- </para>
- <para>
- Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào? Zài zhèr mǎi piào ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào? Zài nàr mǎi piào ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào? Zài Dōngdān nàr mǎi piào ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào? Zài chēshang mǎi piào ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào? Zài càishichǎng nàr mǎi piào
- ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào? Zài Xīdān nàr mǎi piào ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- G. Transformation Drill
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Zánmen jiùdiǎn zhōng shàng bān.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (We start work at nine o’clock.)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Women wùdiǎnbàn xià bān.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Women xià yízhàn xià chē.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. YÍnháng Jiùdiǎn zhōng kāi men.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Women xià yízhàn huàn chē.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- You: Zánmen jiùdiǎn zhōng cái shàng bān.
- </para>
- <para>
- (We don’t start work until nine o * clock.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Women wùdiǎnbàn cái xià bān.
- </para>
- <para>
- Women xià yízhàn cái xià chē.
- </para>
- <para>
- YÍnháng jiùdiǎn zhōng cái kāi men.
- </para>
- <para>
- Women xià yízhàn cái huàn chē.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Tāmen liùdiǎn zhōng xià "ban.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Tāmen liùdiǎn zhōng cāi xià han.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Tāmen shídiǎn zhōng shàng han. Tāmen shídiǎn
- zhōng cāi shàng hān.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- H. Response Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Nānjīng Dōnglù dào le ma?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (cue) hai měi ne
- </para>
- <para>
- (Have we reached Nānjīng Dōnglù?)
- </para>
- <para>
- OR Nānjīng Dōnglù dào le ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- (cue) dào le
- </para>
- <para>
- (Have we reached Nānjīng Dōnglù?)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Zhōnghuá Lù dào le ma? hāi mei ne
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Dàlī Jiē dào le ma? dào le
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. Zhōngshān Běilù dào le ma? hāi mei ne
- </para>
- <para>
- 5. Hépíng Xīlù dào le ma? dào le
- </para>
- <para>
- 6. Jīlōng Lù dào le ma? hāi méi ne
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- You: Hāi méi ne. Xià yízhàn cāi xià chē.
- </para>
- <para>
- (Not yet. We don’t get off until the next stop.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào le. Women zài zhèr xià chē.
- </para>
- <para>
- (We have already arrived. We get off here.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Hāi méi ne. Xià yízhàn cāi xià chē
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào le. Women zài zhèr xià chē.
- </para>
- <para>
- Hāi méi ne. Xià yízhàn cāi xià chē
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào le. Women zài zhèr xià chē.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Hāi méi ne. Xià yízhàn cāi xià chē
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- I. Response Drill
- </para>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Qǐngwèn Shíwǔlù qìchēzhàn zài nǎr? (cue)
- nèige lùkǒurshang
- </para>
- <para>
- (May I ask, where is the Number 15 bus stop?)
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- You: Jiù zài nèige lùkǒurshang.
- </para>
- <para>
- (it’s tjustl on that corner.)
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- 2. Qīngwèn Shísìlù qìchēzhàn zài nǎr? nèige dàlōu nàr
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Jiù zài nèige dàlōu nàr.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- 3. Qingwèn Liùlù qìchēzhàn zài nǎr? lùde nèibian
- </para>
- <para>
- U. Qingwèn, Yílù qìchēzhàn zài nǎr? nèige yínhǎng
- qiǎribian
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Qingwèn, Sānlù qìchēzhàn zài nǎr? nèige shāngdiàn
- nàr
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Qingwèn, Qílù qìchēzhàn zài nǎr? càishichǎng
- qiǎnhian
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Qingwèn, Shílù qìchēzhàn zài nǎr? nèige
- diànyíngyuàn qiǎnhian
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Jiù zài lùde nèibian.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Jiù zài nèige yínhǎng qiǎnhian.
- </para>
- <para>
- Jiù zài nèige shāngdiàn nàr.
- </para>
- <para>
- Jiù zài nèige càishichǎng qiǎnhian.
- </para>
- <para>
- Jiù zài nèige diànyíngyuàn qiǎnhian
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- J. Expansion Drill
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker; Tā jidiǎn zhōng lai?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Tā jiǔdiǎn zhōng lǎi ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- (cue) 8 o’clock
- </para>
- <para>
- (What time is he coming? Is he coming at nine o’clock?)
- </para>
- <para>
- OR Tā jǐdiǎn zhōng lǎi?
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā jiǔdiǎn zhōng lǎi ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- (cue) 10 o’clock
- </para>
- <para>
- (What time is he coming? Is he coming at nine o’clock?)
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- You: Tā shuō tā hādian zhōng jiu lǎi.
- </para>
- <para>
- (He says he is coming at eight o’clock.)
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Tā shuō tā shídiǎn zhōng cǎi lǎi ne.
- </para>
- <para>
- (He says he isn’t coming until ten o’clock.)
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Tā jidiǎn zhōng lǎi? Tā sìdiǎn zhōng lǎi ma? 5
- o’clock
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Tā jidiǎn zhōng lǎi? Tā yìdiǎn zhōng lǎi ma?
- 12 o’clock
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. Tā jidiǎn zhōng lǎi? Tā hādiǎn zhōng lǎi ma? 7
- o'clock
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Tā shuō tā wǔdiǎn zhōng cǎi lǎi ne.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā shuō tā shíèrdiǎn zhōng jiù lǎi.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā shuō tā qīdiǎn zhōng jiù lǎi.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- 5. Tā Jidiǎn zhōng lǎi? Tā liùdiǎn zhōng lǎi ma? 8
- o’clock
- </para>
- <para>
- 6. Tā jidiǎn zhōng lǎi? Tā shídiǎn zhōng lǎi ma? 11
- o'clock
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Tā shuō tā bādiǎn zhōng cǎi lǎi ne
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā shuō tā shíyīdiǎn zhōng cǎi lǎi ne.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- </simplesect>
- </section>
- <section xml:id="unit-3">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark99" /><anchor id="bookmark100" />UNIT
- 3</title>
- <para>
- </para>
- </section>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <section xml:id="reference-list-2">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark56" /><anchor id="bookmark101" />REFERENCE
- LIST</title>
- <para>
- </para>
- </section>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- (in Taipei)
- </para>
- <para>
- 1. A: Ài, jìchēngchē!
- </para>
- <para>
- B: Nǐ dào nǎli?
- </para>
- <para>
- A: Dào huǒchēzhān.
- </para>
- <para>
- 2,
- <anchor id="footnote5" /><superscript><link linkend="bookmark102">5</link></superscript>B:
- Zhǐ you zhè yíjiàn xíngli ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- A: Shi.
- </para>
- <para>
- 3.
- <superscript><link linkend="bookmark102">5</link></superscript>B:
- Wǒ bǎ xíngli fàng zai qiánbian.
- </para>
- <para>
- U. A: Nǐ kāide tài kuài le!
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. C: Tā kāi chē, kāide bú kuài.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. A: Women you shíjiǎn, láidejí.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. A: Qǐng màn yìdiān kāi.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 8.
- <anchor id="footnote6" /><superscript><link linkend="bookmark103">6</link></superscript> A:
- Bié kāi nàme kuài!
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 9. B: Zhè shi nínde xíngli.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- A: Xièxie. Duōshao qiān?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B: Èr shiqīkuài.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- A: Zhè shi sānshikuài, bú yòng zhǎo le.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 10. A: Qǐng ni zài qiánbian nèige yínhāng ting yíxià.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- B: Hǎo. Wǒ bǎ chē ting zai nèibian deng nín.
- </para>
- <para>
- Hey, taxi!
- </para>
- <para>
- Where are you going?
- </para>
- <para>
- To the train station.
- </para>
- <para>
- Is there only this one piece of luggage?
- </para>
- <para>
- Yes.
- </para>
- <para>
- I’ll put the suitcase in front.
- </para>
- <para>
- You are driving too fast!
- </para>
- <para>
- He doesn’t drive fast.
- </para>
- <para>
- We have time. We can make it in time.
- </para>
- <para>
- Please drive a little slower.
- </para>
- <para>
- Don’t drive so fast!
- </para>
- <para>
- Here is your suitcase.
- </para>
- <para>
- Thank you. How much is it Ethe fare J?
- </para>
- <para>
- Twenty-seven dollars.
- </para>
- <para>
- Here’s thirty dollars. Keep the change, (literally, ”No need
- to give me change.”)
- </para>
- <para>
- Please stop at that bank up ahead for a moment.
- </para>
- <para>
- Okay. I’ll park the car over there and wait for you.
- </para>
- <para>
- ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY (not presented on C-l and P-1
- tapes)
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 11.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- chūzū qìchē
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- taxi (PRC)
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 12.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- láibují
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- can’t make it in time
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 13.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- qìchē
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- car, motor vehicle
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 1U.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- zhème
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- so, to this extent, in
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- this
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- way-
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 15.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- zènme
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- so, to this extent, in
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- this
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- way
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- <inlinemediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module05TRN-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module05TRN-StudentText-3.png" />
- </imageobject>
- </inlinemediaobject>
- </para>
- <para>
- Shànghǎi-made auto
- </para>
- <para>
- in Guangzhou, 1978
- </para>
- <section xml:id="vocabulary-1">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark15" /><anchor id="bookmark104" />VOCABULARY</title>
- <para>
- (introduced on C-2 tape) chī fan jìnliàng
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- to have a meal
- </para>
- <para>
- to exert all one’s effort, to do one’s best to
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
- <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- bǎ
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- (prepositional verb which indicates the direct
- object)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- biě
- </para>
- <para>
- bú yòng
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- don’t no need to
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- chūzū qìchē
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- taxi (PRC)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- fang
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to put
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- huochēzhàn
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- train station
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- -Jiàn
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- (counter for items or articles such as suitcases
- and clothing)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- jìchēngchē
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- taxi (Taipei)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- kāi kuài
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to drive (a vehicle) to be fast
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- lāibují lǎidejí
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- can’t make it in time can make it in time
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- man
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to be slow
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- name
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- so, to that extent, in that way
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- qìchē
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- car, motor vehicle
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- shíjiǎn
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- time
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- ting
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to stop, to park
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- xíngli (yíjiàn)
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- luggage, suitcase
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- yíxià
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- a short amount of time
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- zènme zhème
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- so, to this extent, in this way so, to this
- extent, in this way
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Lao (name)
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Old (name) Cfamiliar nickname for an older
- person among close friends]
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- mótuochē
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- motorcycle
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- náchuqu
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to take (something) out
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- song
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to see someone off, to escort someone to a train
- station, airport, bus depot, or pier
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- (introduced in Communication Game)
- </para>
- <para>
- Zheng hǎo.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Right on time.
- </para>
- </section>
- <section xml:id="reference-notes-2">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark24" /><anchor id="bookmark105" />REFERENCE
- NOTES</title>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. A: Ài, jìchéngchē!
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- B: Nǐ dào náli?
- </para>
- <para>
- A: Dào huǒchēzhàn.
- </para>
- <para>
- Hey, taxi!
- </para>
- <para>
- Where are you going?
- </para>
- <para>
- To the train station.
- </para>
- <para>
- Note on No. 1
- </para>
- <para>
- Nǐ dào náli? This expression, like the English "Where
- to?" is not a full sentence. The taxi driver is using
- a shortened form of Nǐ dào náli qù?
- </para>
- <para>
- 2. B: Zhǐ you zhè yíjiàn xíngli ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- A: Shi.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- 3. B: Wǒ ha xíngli fàng zai qiánbian.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Is there only this one piece of luggage?
- </para>
- <para>
- Yes.
- </para>
- <para>
- I'll put the suitcase in front.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Notes on Nos. 2-3
- </para>
- <para>
- Zhè yíjiàn xíngli: -Jiàn is the counter for xíngli.
- </para>
- <para>
- Bǎ is a prepositional verb which often cannot be directly
- translated into English. Originally, as a full verb, bǎ
- meant "to hold something with one's hands."
- Today bǎ is usually used as a prepositional verb which
- brings the direct object to the front of the sentence,
- before the main verb. In some cases, bǎ may be translated
- as "take."
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā bǎ zhèiběn shū fàng He put the book on the
- table,
- </para>
- <para>
- zai zhuōzishang. (He took the book and put it
- on
- </para>
- <para>
- the table.)
- </para>
- <para>
- But, in many cases, the meaning of "take" does
- not correspond to the function of bǎ in the sentence.
- </para>
- <para>
- Bǎ may be used with many types of objects, concrete and
- abstract. As a prepositional verb, bǎ shows that its
- object (the noun which follows) is the direct object in
- the sentence, even though it does not follow the main
- verb.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā mài tāde qìchē le. He sold his car.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā bǎ tāde qìchē mài le.
- </para>
- <para>
- The next questions are "Why use bǎ?" and
- "When is bǎ used?" On the next page are some
- basic rules for using bā.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- a. The object in a ba phrase must be a particular
- known thing. This rule follows the general pattern in
- Chinese of an object preceding the verb, in topic
- position or in a bǎ phrase, being
- specific.<anchor id="footnote7" /><superscript><link linkend="bookmark106">7</link></superscript>
- The object in a bǎ phrase should be translated by the
- English definite article "the" or by other
- words that indicate definiteness, such as
- "that" and "my."
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Nǐ you xíngli ma? Do you have any luggage?
- </para>
- <para>
- You. Zhǐ you zhè yíjiàn. Yes. I have only this one
- piece.
- </para>
- <para>
- Hǎo. Wǒ bǎ xíngli fàngzai Okay. I will put the suitcase
- in
- </para>
- <para>
- qianbian. front.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- b. The object of a bǎ phrase must be at the disposal
- of the subject before the action begins. Thus the
- object of kànjian, "to see," cannot be used
- with bǎ, nor can the object of mǎi, "to
- buy."
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Wǒ mǎile nèibǎn shū. I bought the book.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wo bǎ nèiběn shū mài le. I sold the book.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- c. Fàng zai qiánbian: The verb in a bǎ sentence is
- usually a transitive ACTION verb. An action verb
- refers to an activity that can be done voluntarily,
- either physically (mài, "to sell") or
- mentally (niàn, "to study"). Contrast this
- with a state verb, which refers to a quality or
- condition that the subject has no control over.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- For instance, you can decide to study or to learn
- something, so xué is an action verb. But you cannot decide
- to know something, so zhīdao is a state verb. Although
- some state verbs, like zhīdao and xīhuan, are transitive,
- the objects of these verbs cannot be put in a bǎ phrase
- because these verbs are not action verbs.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- d. A bǎ sentence does not end with only a verb of one
- syllable. Either the verb has several syllables or a
- phrase follows the verb. In the final sentence of
- exchange 3, the action verb fang is followed by zai
- and the destination qiánbian.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. A: Nǐ kāide tài kuài le! You are driving too
- fast!
- </para>
- <para>
- Notes on No. U
- </para>
- <para>
- -de: To describe how action is performed, the marker -de
- is added to the verb describing the action, and that verb
- is followed by an adjectival verb which expresses the
- MANNER in which the action takes place.
- </para>
- <para>
- Cultural information: Taxi drivers are not offended by
- comments about their driving such as the exclamation in
- exchange U. If ignored, a request to slow down should be
- repeated.
- </para>
- <para>
- 5. C: Tā kāi chē, kāide bú kuài.
- </para>
- <para>
- He doesn’t drive fast.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Notes on No. 5
- </para>
- <para>
- Verb, object, and the description of manner: If an action
- verb with a direct object is to be described in terms of
- how the action is done, use the following pattern.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā
- </para>
- <para>
- shuō
- </para>
- <para>
- Zhōngguo huà
- </para>
- <para>
- shuō -de
- </para>
- <para>
- tài
- </para>
- <para>
- man.
- </para>
- <para>
- hen
- </para>
- <para>
- bú
- </para>
- <para>
- (he
- </para>
- <para>
- speak
- </para>
- <para>
- Chinese
- </para>
- <para>
- speak
- </para>
- <para>
- too very not
- </para>
- <para>
- slow)
- </para>
- <para>
- "He speaks Chinese too/very/not slowly."
- </para>
- <para>
- Notice that the main verb and direct object occur first;
- then the main verb is repeated, followed by -de and the
- description of manner. Compare the pattern above with the
- pattern you learned in the Biographic Information Module,
- Unit 8: W5 niàn Yīngwěn niànle liùnián, "I studied
- English for six years."
- </para>
- <para>
- The main verb is repeated when BOTH the direct object and
- a duration phrase or a description of manner MUST follow
- the verb directly. In such a case, Chinese handles this
- post-verb "traffic jam" by making a topic out of
- the more general information (what is being done): the
- verb and direct object. The more specific information
- about how the action is done becomes the comment. A
- literal translation of the pattern example above is
- "As for (the way) he speaks Chinese, (he) speaks
- too/very/not slowly."
- </para>
- <para>
- A special point to observe: In English, we may say
- "He doesn’t speak Chinese slowly," putting the
- negative word before "speak." In Chinese, the
- negation must be placed directly in front of the word that
- is referred to (in the example, man, "slow"—not
- saying that he doesn’t speak, but saying that his speech
- is not slow).
- </para>
- <para>
- Linguists have pointed out the potentially comical effect
- of using English word order for sentences in Chinese with
- manner descriptions.
- </para>
- <para>
- If you were to use English word order to say ”1 can’t
- speak Chinese very well," Wǒ hú huì shuō Zhongguo huà
- hěn hǎo, your sentence would mean, literally, "(The
- fact that) I can’t speak Chinese is very good." The
- right way to say "I can't speak Chinese very
- well" is Wǒ shuō Zhongguo huà shuōde hú tài hǎo.
- </para>
- <para>
- 6. A: Women you shíjiān, láidejí.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- 7. A: Qǐng man yìdiǎn kai.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- We have time. We can make it in time.
- </para>
- <para>
- Please drive a little slower.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Notes on Nos. 6-7
- </para>
- <para>
- ShiJ iān: You now know two words for "time":
- shíhou and shíjiān. Shíjiān is used for an amount of time.
- Shíhou is usually used for a point or period in time when
- something happens.
- </para>
- <para>
- Láidejí is an idiom meaning "ahle to make it on time
- Cto do something]." The negative, "not ahle to
- make it on time," is láibují. (See the Meeting Module
- for additional discussion of such idioms.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Qǐng man yìdiǎn kāi, "Please drive a little
- slower": In the notes on exchange 5, you learned a
- pattern for describing manner: verb + -de + adjectival
- verb. In this sentence, however, the adjectival verb man +
- yìdiǎn precede the verb kāi. When the adjectival verbs
- man, kuài, zǎo, and wǎn are followed by yìdiǎn, the
- phrases thus formed may either precede or follow the verb
- of the sentence.
- </para>
- <para>
- Qǐng man yidiǎn kāi.
- </para>
- <para>
- Qǐng kāi man yìdiǎn.
- </para>
- <para>
- Qǐng kuài yìdiǎn kāi.
- </para>
- <para>
- Qǐng kāi kuài yìdiǎn.
- </para>
- <para>
- Qǐng ni zǎo yìdiǎn lǎi.
- </para>
- <para>
- Qǐng ni lǎi zǎo yìdiǎn.
- </para>
- <para>
- Qǐng ni wǎn yìdiǎn lǎi. Qǐng ni lǎi wǎn yìdiǎn.
- </para>
- <para>
- Many adjectival verbs + yìdiǎn must
- </para>
- <para>
- Xiě xiǎo yìdiǎn.
- </para>
- <para>
- Xiě dà yìdiǎn.
- </para>
- <para>
- Zuò hǎo yìdiǎn.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Please drive a little slower.
- </para>
- <para>
- Please drive a little faster.
- </para>
- <para>
- Please come a little earlier.
- </para>
- <para>
- Please come a little later.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- follow the sentence verb.
- </para>
- <para>
- Write it a little smaller. Write it a little bigger. Do it
- a little better.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- The marker -de is optional, and usually omitted, before
- adjectival verb + yìdiǎn phrases.
- </para>
- <para>
- 8. A: Bié kāi name kuài!
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Don’t drive so fast!
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Note on No. 8
- </para>
- <para>
- Here you see a third way to describe the performance of an
- action.
- </para>
- <para>
- First, you saw a straight description:
- </para>
- <para>
- Nǐ kāide tài kuài le! You are driving too fast!
- </para>
- <para>
- OR
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā niàn shū niànde bu cuò. She is doing pretty well in her
- studies.
- </para>
- <para>
- Then, you saw a command in which an adjectival verb +
- yìdiǎn phrase could be placed either before or after the
- main sentence verb:
- </para>
- <para>
- Qǐng màn yìdiǎn kāi. Please drive a little
- slower.
- </para>
- <para>
- Qǐng kāi màn yìdiǎn.
- </para>
- <para>
- Now, in Bié kāi nàme kuài, you see a negative command. The
- modifying adjectival verb follows the main verb. The
- marker -de is optional, and usually omitted, as long as
- the adjectival verb is preceded by nàme or zhème (zěnme).
- </para>
- <para>
- Bié zǒu nàme màn le! Quit walking so slowly!
- </para>
- <para>
- Bié qǐlai zenme wan! Don’t get up so late!
- </para>
- <para>
- Nǐ zǒu nàme màn, zànmen Jiu If you walk so slowly, we
- won’t láibují le! make it in time!
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 9. B: Zhè shi nínde xíngli.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- A: Xièxie. Duōshao qián?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B: Èrshiqǐkuài.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- A: Zhè shi sānshikuài, bú yòng zhǎo le.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Here is your suitcase.
- </para>
- <para>
- Thank you. How much is it Cthe fareJ?
- </para>
- <para>
- Twenty-seven dollars.
- </para>
- <para>
- Here’s thirty dollars. Keep the change, (literally,
- "No need to give me
- change.<superscript>1</superscript>’)
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Notes on No. 9
- </para>
- <para>
- Èrshiqǐkuài: This money phrase does not contain the word
- qian because the counter kuài can stand alone if the
- reference could clearly be only to money. Other counters
- for money, such as mao and fēn, usually require the
- addition of qián.
- </para>
- <para>
- Bú yòng zhǎo le: Bú yòng is an idiom meaning "no need
- to." A more literal translation of the sentence is
- "No need to give me change." Nǐ bú yòng kāi name
- kuài would be translated as "There’s no need for you
- to drive that
- fast."<anchor id="footnote8" /><superscript><link linkend="bookmark107">8</link></superscript>
- </para>
- <para>
- 10. A: Qīng ni zài qiánbian nèige yínháng ting yíxià.
- </para>
- <para>
- B: Hǎo. Wo bǎ chē ting zai nèibian děng nín.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Please stop at that bank up ahead for a moment.
- </para>
- <para>
- Okay. I’ll park the car over there and wait for you.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Note on No. 10
- </para>
- <para>
- Yíxià, "awhile," is used to indicate a short,
- indefinite amount of time. The use of this word
- communicates indefiniteness, Just as reduplicating the
- verb would have done (tíngyitíng). The first speaker in
- this exchange does not commit himself to an exact length
- of time.
- </para>
- </section>
- <section xml:id="drills-2">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark59" /><anchor id="bookmark108" />DRILLS</title>
- <para>
- A. Expansion Drill
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
- <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Nǐ kāide tài kuai le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (cue) chē
- </para>
- <para>
- (You are driving too fast.)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Tā tíngde tài kuài le. chē
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Nǐ kànde tài màn le. shū
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. Tā shuōde tài kuài le.
- </para>
- <para>
- Yīngwén
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. NǏ xuěde tài màn le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Zhōngwén
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Tā niànde tài kuài le. zhengzhixué
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Nǐ kànde tài màn le. hào
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B. Expansion Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker; Qǐng ni màn kāi.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (Please drive slowly.)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Qǐng ni màn zǒu.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Qǐng ni màn shuō.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. Qǐng ni kuài shuō.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Qǐng ni màn xià chē.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Qǐng ni kuài qù.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Qǐng ni kuài shàng chē.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- You: Nǐ kāi chē kāide tài kuài le. (You are
- driving too fast.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā ting chē tíngde tài kuài le.
- </para>
- <para>
- Nǐ kàn shū kànde tài màn le.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā shuō Yīngwén shuōde tài kuài le.
- </para>
- <para>
- Nǐ xuě Zhōngwěn xuede tài màn le.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā niàn zhengzhixué niànde tài kuài le.
- </para>
- <para>
- Nǐ kàn hào kànde tài màn le.
- </para>
- <para>
- You: Qīng ni màn yìdiǎn kāi.
- </para>
- <para>
- (Please drive a little slower.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Qīng ni màn yìdiǎn zǒu.
- </para>
- <para>
- Qǐng ni màn yìdiǎn shuō.
- </para>
- <para>
- Qīng ni kuài yìdiǎn shuō.
- </para>
- <para>
- Qīng ni màn yìdiǎn xià chē.
- </para>
- <para>
- Qǐng ni kuài yìdiǎn qù.
- </para>
- <para>
- Qǐng ni kuài yìdiǎn shàng chē.
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- C. Expansion Drill
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Nǐ kāi chē, kāide tài kuài le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (You are driving too fast.)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Nǐ kàn shū, kànde tài màn le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Nǐ kàn bào kànde tài màn le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. Nǐ shuō Yīngwén shuōde tài kuài le.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Nǐ kāi chē kāide tài kuài le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Nǐ mài piào màide tài màn le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Nǐ shuō Zhōngwén shuōde tài màn le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- You: Nǐ kāi chē kàide tài kuài le. Qǐng nǐ màn yìdiān kāi.
- (You are driving too fast.
- </para>
- <para>
- Please drive a little slower.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Nǐ kàn shū, kànde tài màn le. Qǐng ni kuài yìdiān kàn.
- </para>
- <para>
- Nǐ kàn bào kànde tài màn le. Qǐng ni kuài yìdiān kàn.
- </para>
- <para>
- N? shuō Yīngwén shuōde tài kuài le. Qǐng ni màn yìdiān
- shuō.
- </para>
- <para>
- Nǐ kāi chē kāide tài kuài le. Qǐng ni màn yìdiān kāi.
- </para>
- <para>
- Ni mài piào màide tài màn le. Qǐng ni kuài yìdiān mài.
- </para>
- <para>
- Nǐ shuō Zhōngwén shuōde tài màn le. Qǐng ni kuài yìdiān
- shuō.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- D. Response Drill
- </para>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Women you shífēn zhōng, láidejí láibují?
- </para>
- <para>
- (cue) tài yuān
- </para>
- <para>
- (We have ten minutes. Can we make it in time?)
- </para>
- <para>
- OR Women you shífēn zhōng, laidejí láibují?
- </para>
- <para>
- (cue) hěn jin
- </para>
- <para>
- (We have ten minutes. Can we make it in time?)
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- You: Tài yuān. Jiù you shífēn zhōng, láibuj í.
- </para>
- <para>
- (It’s too far. CIfJ we have only ten minutes, we can’t
- make it in time.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Hen jin. You shífēn zhōng, láidejí.
- </para>
- <para>
- (it’s very near. LIfJ we have ten minutes, we can make it
- in time.)
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- 2. Women yōu sānshifēn zhōng, Tài yuān. Jiù you
- sānshifēn zhōng,
- </para>
- <para>
- láidejí láibují? tài yuān láibují.
- </para>
- <para>
- 3. Women yōu èrshifēn zhōng, Hěn jin. Yōu
- èrshifēn zhōng, láidejí
- </para>
- <para>
- láidejí láibují? hěn J in
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
- <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- U. Women you shíwǔfēn zhōng, láidejí láibují?
- tài yuan
- </para>
- <para>
- 5. Women you shífēn zhōng, láidejí láibují?
- hěn jin
- </para>
- <para>
- 6. Women you èrshifēn zhōng, láidejí láibují?
- tài yuǎn
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- E. Transformation Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Qīng màn yìdiǎn kāi. (Please
- drive a little slower.)
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Qing kuài yìdiǎn zǒu.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Qing màn yìdiǎn shuō.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 4. Qing kuài yìdiǎn kāi.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Qing kuài yìdiǎn kàn.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Qing màn yìdiǎn shuō.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Qīng kuài yìdiǎn zǒu.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- F. Expansion Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Women láidejí. (cue) qīng
- </para>
- <para>
- (We can make it in time.)
- </para>
- <para>
- OR Women láidejí.
- </para>
- <para>
- (cue) bie
- </para>
- <para>
- (We can make it in time.)
- </para>
- <para>
- 2. Wǒmen yōu shíjiān. qīng
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Tài yuǎn. Jiù you shíwǔfēn zhōng, láibují.
- </para>
- <para>
- Hěn jin. You shífēn zhōng, láidejí.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tài yuǎn. Jiù you èrshifēn zhōng, láibuj í.
- </para>
- <para>
- You: Bie kāi zhème kuàil (Don’t drive so fast! )
- </para>
- <para>
- Bie zōu zhème màn!
- </para>
- <para>
- Bié shuō zhème kuàil
- </para>
- <para>
- Bié kāi zhème màn!
- </para>
- <para>
- Bie kàn zhème màn!
- </para>
- <para>
- Bié shuō zhème kuài!
- </para>
- <para>
- Bie zǒu zhème màn!
- </para>
- <para>
- You: Women láidejí. Qīng ni màn yìdiǎn kāi.
- </para>
- <para>
- (We can make it in time. Please drive a little
- slower.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Women láidejí. Bié kāi nàme kuài!
- </para>
- <para>
- (We can make it in time. Don’t drive so fast!)
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒmen yǒu shíjiān. Qīng ni màn yìdiǎn kāi.
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- 3. Women you shíjiān. bié
- </para>
- <para>
- U. Women láidejí. qǐng
- </para>
- <para>
- 5. Women láidejí. bié
- </para>
- <para>
- 6. Women you shíjiān. qǐng
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Women you shíjiān. Bié kāi nàme kuài!
- </para>
- <para>
- Women láidejí. Qǐng ni màn yìdiǎn kāi.
- </para>
- <para>
- Women láidejí. Bié kāi nàme kuài!
- </para>
- <para>
- Women you shíjiān. Qǐng ni màn yìdiǎn kāi.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- G. Response Drill
- </para>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Èrshiqīkuài.
- </para>
- <para>
- (cue) bù
- </para>
- <para>
- (Twenty-seven dollars.)
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- You: Zhè shi sānshikuài. Bú yòng zhǎo le.
- </para>
- <para>
- (Here’s thirty dollars. Keep the change.)
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- OR Èrshiqīkuài. Zhè shi sānshikuài.
- Qǐng ni
- </para>
- <para>
- (cue) sān
- </para>
- <para>
- (Twenty-seven dollars.)
- </para>
- <para>
- zhǎo sānkuài qián.
- </para>
- <para>
- (Here’s thirty dollars, give me three dollars change.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Please CinJ
- </para>
- <para>
- 2.
- </para>
- <para>
- Èrshiliù kuài.
- </para>
- <para>
- bù
- </para>
- <para>
- Zhè shi sānshikuài.
- </para>
- <para>
- Bú yòng
- </para>
- <para>
- zhǎo
- </para>
- <para>
- le
- </para>
- <para>
- 3.
- </para>
- <para>
- Èrshi kuài.
- </para>
- <para>
- shi
- </para>
- <para>
- Zhè shi sānshikuài. shíkuài qián.
- </para>
- <para>
- Qīng ni
- </para>
- <para>
- zhǎo
- </para>
- <para>
- U.
- </para>
- <para>
- Èrshiwǔ kuài.
- </para>
- <para>
- bù
- </para>
- <para>
- Zhè shi sānshikuài.
- </para>
- <para>
- Bú yòng
- </para>
- <para>
- zhǎo
- </para>
- <para>
- le
- </para>
- <para>
- 5.
- </para>
- <para>
- Èrshiyī kuài.
- </para>
- <para>
- Jiǔ
- </para>
- <para>
- Zhè shi sānshikuài. jiùkuài qián.
- </para>
- <para>
- Qǐng ni
- </para>
- <para>
- zhǎo
- </para>
- <para>
- 6.
- </para>
- <para>
- Èrshibā kuài.
- </para>
- <para>
- bù
- </para>
- <para>
- Zhè shi sānshikuài.
- </para>
- <para>
- Bú yòng
- </para>
- <para>
- zhǎo
- </para>
- <para>
- le
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- H. Expansion Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Qǐng ni ting yíxià. (cue) yínháng
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (Please stop for a moment.)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Qing ni ting yíxià. càishichǎng
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Qǐng ni ting yíxià. diànyingyuàn
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. Qǐng ni ting yíxià. shūdiàn
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Qǐng ni ting yíxià. xuéxiào
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Qǐng ni ting yíxià. fàndiàn
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Qǐng ni ting yíxià.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- yínháng
- </para>
- <para>
- You? Qǐng ni zài nèige yínháng ting yíxià.
- </para>
- <para>
- (Please stop at that bank for a moment.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Qǐng ni zài nèige càishichǎng ting yíxià.
- </para>
- <para>
- Qǐng ni zài nèige diànyingyuàn ting yíxià.
- </para>
- <para>
- Qǐng ni zài nèige shūdiàn ting yíxià.
- </para>
- <para>
- Qǐng ni zài nèige xuéxiào ting yíxià.
- </para>
- <para>
- Qǐng ni zài nèige fàndiàn ting yíxià.
- </para>
- <para>
- Qǐng ni zài nèige yínháng ting yíxià.
- </para>
- </section>
- <section xml:id="unit-4">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark109" /><anchor id="bookmark110" />UNIT
- 4</title>
- <simplesect xml:id="reference-list-3">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark60" /><anchor id="bookmark111" />REFERENCE
- LIST</title>
- <para>
- (in Taipei)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. A: Wo xiǎng qù Tǎinǎn wan jitiān.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. A: Zuò Gōnglùjú xíng bu
- xfng?<anchor id="footnote9" /><superscript><link linkend="bookmark112">9</link></superscript>
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B: Dào Tainan qù zuò Gōnglùjú bú dà fāngbian.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. C: Shi zuò huǒchē qu hǎo ne, hǎishi zuò Gōnglùjú
- qu hǎo ne?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- D: Zuò huǒchē qu hǎo.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 4. E: Ni shuō shi zuò huǒchē qu hǎo ne, hǎishi zuò
- Gōnglùjú qu hǎo ne?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- F: Dào Tǎinǎn zuò huǒchē zuì fāngbian.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. A: Dei xiān mǎi piào ma?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B: Nì zuì hǎo liǎngsāntiǎn yíqiǎn qù mǎi piào.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. A: Zuò Gōnglùjú yě děi xiān mǎi piào ma?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B: Bú bì xiān mǎi piào.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. B: Nǐ yào zuò shěnme shíhoude chē?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- A: Wo yào zuò shàngwude chē.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 8. B: Duìbuqǐ, shàngwude piào dōu màiwǎn le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- I’m thinking of going to Tainan to relax for a few days.
- </para>
- <para>
- Would it be all right to take the bus?
- </para>
- <para>
- To go to Tainan, it’s not very convenient to take the
- bus.
- </para>
- <para>
- Is it better to go by train or to go by bus?
- </para>
- <para>
- It’s better to go by train.
- </para>
- <para>
- Would you say it’s better to go by train or to go by
- bus?
- </para>
- <para>
- To Tainan, it’s most convenient to take the train.
- </para>
- <para>
- Is it necessary to buy tickets ahead of time?
- </para>
- <para>
- It would be best for you to go to buy your tickets two
- or three days ahead of time.
- </para>
- <para>
- If I take the bus, is it also necessary to buy tickets
- ahead of time?
- </para>
- <para>
- It’s not necessary to buy tickets ahead of time.
- </para>
- <para>
- What train do you want to take?
- </para>
- <para>
- I want to take a morning train.
- </para>
- <para>
- I’m sorry, the tickets for the morning trains are all
- sold out.
- </para>
- <para>
- ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY (not presented on C-l and
- P-1 tapes)
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 9.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- chuán
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- boat, ship
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 10.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- dìtiě
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- subway (abbreviation for dìxià tiědào)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 11.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- dìxià huochē
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- underground train, subway
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 12.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- wan (wánr)
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to play, to relax, to enjoy oneself
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 13.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- -wan
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to be finished (occurs in compound
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- verbs of result)
- </para>
- </simplesect>
- <simplesect xml:id="vocabulary-2">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark27" /><anchor id="bookmark113" />VOCABULARY</title>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
- <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- bú bì
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- not necessary, don’t have to
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- chuán
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- boat, ship
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- dìtiě
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- subway (abbreviation for dìxià tiědào)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- dìxià huochē
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- underground train, subway
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- fāngbian
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to be convenient
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Gōnglùju
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Bureau of Highways (Taiwan)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- huǒchē
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- train
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- liàngsān-
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- two or three
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- màiwán le
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to be sold out
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- wan (wánr) -wan
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to play, to relax, to enjoy oneself to be
- finished (occurs in compound
- </para>
- <para>
- verbs of result)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- xiān
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- ahead of time, beforehand
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- zuì hǎo
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- it would be best to
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- (introduced on C-2 tape)
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- huá chuán
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to row a boat
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- sàn bù
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to take a walk
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- shān
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- hill, mountain
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- shu?
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- rivers, lakes (literally, ’’water")
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- youyǒng
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to swim
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- </simplesect>
- <simplesect xml:id="reference-notes-3">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark28" /><anchor id="bookmark114" />REFERENCE
- NOTES</title>
- <para>
- 1. A: Wǒ xiǎng qù Tainan wǎn jitiān. I’m thinking of
- going to Tainan to relax for a few days.
- </para>
- <para>
- Note on No. 1
- </para>
- <para>
- The basic meaning of the verb wan is "to
- play." It is often best translated into English as
- "to relax," "to enjoy oneself."
- </para>
- <para>
- 2. A: Zuò Gōnglùjú xíng bu xíng?
- </para>
- <para>
- B: Dào Tǎinǎn qù zuò Gōnglùjú bú dà fāngbian.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Would it be all right to take the bus?
- </para>
- <para>
- To go to Tainan, it’s not very convenient to take the
- bus.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Notes on No. 2
- </para>
- <para>
- Gōnglùjú, "the Bureau of Highways" in Taiwan,
- is the agency which administers the island’s intercity
- bus system. The phrase zuò Gōnglùjú means "to take
- a Bureau of Highways bus." This phrasing is
- analogous to "I’m going by Greyhound." In
- talking about the buses themselves, you would have to
- say Gōnglùjúde chē, "the buses of the Bureau of
- Highways":
- </para>
- <para>
- Gōnglùjúde chē hěn shūfu. The buses of the Bureau of
- Highways are very comfortable. (shūfu, "to be
- comfortable")
- </para>
- <para>
- Sentences containing both dào and zuò phrases: The zuò
- phrase usually comes first in a sentence with both a
- prepositional phrase expressing destination (dào...) and
- a prepositional phrase expressing means of conveyance
- (zuò...).However, if the destination is being stressed,
- the dào phrase may be placed at the beginning of the
- sentence, in the topic position. (See the second
- sentence in exchange 2.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā měitiān zuò gōnggòng He rides the bus to
- school every
- </para>
- <para>
- qìchē dào xuexiào lǎi. day.
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào yínhǎng qù, tā bú zuò To go to the bank, he doesn’t
- take gōnggòng qìchē. Tā the bus. He walks
- there,
- </para>
- <para>
- zǒu lù qu.
- </para>
- <para>
- Bú dà might also be translated as "not too,"
- "not so."
- </para>
- <para>
- 3. C: Shì zuò huǒchē qu hǎo ne, háishi zuò Gōnglùjú qu
- hǎo ne?
- </para>
- <para>
- D: Zuò huochē qu hǎo.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Is it better to go by train or to go by bus?
- </para>
- <para>
- It’s better to go by train.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Notes on No. 3
- </para>
- <para>
- Shi...háishi: In a choice-type question, shi and háishi
- serve to mark off the choices more clearly. Below are
- some of the most common ways of asking the question
- "Do you want the red one or the yellow one?"
- </para>
- <para>
- Nǐ yǎo hóngde, háishi yào huángde? (PREFERRED FORMS)
- </para>
- <para>
- Ni shi yào hongde, háishi yào huángde?
- </para>
- <para>
- Nǐ yào hóngde, huángde? (FAMILIAR, VERY COLLOQUIAL; NO
- PAUSE AT COMMA)
- </para>
- <para>
- Nǐ shi yào hóngde, shi yào huángde? (LEAST PREFERRED;
- shi UNSTRESSED HERE)
- </para>
- <para>
- The marker ne clarifies the choices in a choice-type
- question. Ne may be placed after one or the other choice
- or after both choices.
- </para>
- <para>
- Nǐ Jīntiān qù ne, háishi Are you going today or
- tomorrow? míngtiān qù?
- </para>
- <para>
- Nǐ Jīntiān qù, háishi míngtiān
- </para>
- <para>
- qù ne?
- </para>
- <para>
- Nǐ Jīntiān qù ne, shi míngtiān
- </para>
- <para>
- qù ne? (COMMUNICATES GENUINE PERPLEXITY)
- </para>
- <para>
- Zuò huǒchē qu hǎo; Here a whole phrase, which could also
- be a sentence is used as the subject of the sentence.
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Zuò huǒchē qù
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- hǎo.
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- (ride train go
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- good)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- Hǎo is translated here as "better," not as
- "good." Adjectival verbs used alone (i.e., not
- modified by words such as hen and tài) usually express
- comparison.
- </para>
- <para>
- Neige xuésheng hǎo? Which student is better?
- </para>
- <para>
- Shéi kuài? Who is faster?
- </para>
- <para>
- U. E: Nǐ shuō shi zuò huochē qu hao ne, háishi zuò
- Gōnglùju qu hao ne?
- </para>
- <para>
- F: Dào Tainan zuò huǒchē zuì fānghian.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Would you say it’s better to go by train or to go by
- bus?
- </para>
- <para>
- To Tainan, it’s most convenient to take the train.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Note on No. 4
- </para>
- <para>
- When nǐ shuō begins a question, the phrase is translated
- as "would you say" or "do you
- think."
- </para>
- <para>
- 5. A: Děi xiān mǎi piào ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- B: Nǐ zuì hǎo liǎngsāntiān yǐqián qù mǎi piào.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Is it necessary to buy tickets ahead of time?
- </para>
- <para>
- It would be best for you to go to buy your tickets two
- or three days ahead of time.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Notes on No. $
- </para>
- <para>
- The adverb xiān may sometimes be translated as
- "ahead of time," "beforehand."
- </para>
- <para>
- Zuì hǎo, "best," acts as an adverb in exchange
- 5» coming after the subject nǐ in the second sentence.
- Zuì hǎo is used to offer advice politely not to warn a
- person that he had "better" or
- "best" do something.
- </para>
- <para>
- Liǎngsāntiān: When approximate amounts, such as
- "two or three," are given in Chinese, the
- numbers are read together, with no equivalent of
- "or." This system is also used when two words
- are combined to indicate an approximate date.
- </para>
- <para>
- sìwùge rén four or five people
- </para>
- <para>
- mínghòutiān tomorrow or the day after
- </para>
- <para>
- Qībāyuè July or August
- </para>
- <para>
- Liǎngsāntiān yǐqián: For "ahead of time,"
- "in advance," yǐqián is used (instead of xiān)
- when the amount of time is stated. Yǐqián follows the
- word indicating the amount of time.
- </para>
- <para>
- Nǐ děi xiān qù mǎi piào. You have to go ahead of time to
- buy tickets.
- </para>
- <para>
- Nǐ děi liǎngsāntiān yǐqián You have to go two or three
- days qù mǎi piào. ahead of time to
- buy tickets.
- </para>
- <para>
- 6. A: Zuò Gōnglùjú yě děi xiān mǎi piào ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- B: Bú bì xiān mǎi piào.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- If I take the bus, is it also necessary to buy tickets
- ahead of time?
- </para>
- <para>
- It’s not necessary to buy tickets ahead of time.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Notes on No. 6
- </para>
- <para>
- Zuò Gōnglùjú, "if I take the bus": The
- beginning of the first sentence in exchange 6 is
- translated with an "if" in English. Literally,
- the Chinese sentence is "Take the bus, also have to
- beforehand buy tickets?" In a sense the
- "if" part of the sentence is a kind of topic
- in Chinese, providing the setting for the second part of
- the sentence. In Chinese, the setting or condition can
- often be put in the topic position. In English, a
- particular word must be used to clarify the relationship
- of the first part of the sentence to the second part.
- </para>
- <para>
- If I take the bus,....
- </para>
- <para>
- „ v When one takes the bus.....
- </para>
- <para>
- Zuo Gonglùjú,.... ----
- </para>
- <para>
- For taking the bus,....
- </para>
- <para>
- To take the bus,....
- </para>
- <para>
- Bú bì, "not necessary," "don’t have
- to," is the phrase to use as the negative of the
- auxiliary dei, "must," "have to."
- Děi cannot be made negative.*
- </para>
- <para>
- 7. B: Nǐ yào zuò shénme shíhoude chē?
- </para>
- <para>
- A: Wǒ yào zuò shàngwǔde chē.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- What train do you want to take?
- </para>
- <para>
- I want to take a morning train.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Note on No. 7
- </para>
- <para>
- Shénme shíhoude chē has been translated simply as
- "what train." More literally, the phrase means
- "a train (arriving at) what time."
- </para>
- <para>
- *"Must not" as in "You must not go"
- can be translated as bù néng: Nǐ bù néng qù.
- </para>
- <para>
- 8. B: Duibuqí, shàngwǔde piào dōu I’m sorry, the tickets
- for the màiwán le. morning trains
- are all sold out.
- </para>
- <para>
- Notes on No. 8
- </para>
- <para>
- Wan, "to end," "to he over," cannot
- take a direct object.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wánle ma? Is it over?
- </para>
- <para>
- Wánle meiyou? Is it over yet?
- </para>
- <para>
- Hái méi wán ne. It isn’t over yet.
- </para>
- <para>
- By itself, the expression Wan le! means "That’s
- all," "There’s no more," or "That’s
- it!" People often end speeches and recordings with
- Wán le!
- </para>
- <para>
- Màiwán le, "to he sold out," literally
- "sell finished": Here is another example of a
- compound verh of
- result.<anchor id="footnote10" /><superscript><link linkend="bookmark115">10</link></superscript>
- Compound verbs of result communicate both the action
- being performed and its result. In compound verbs of
- result, the first verb indicates the action; and the
- second, the result. Not every action verb is used in
- compound verbs of result, nor are verbs indicating the
- result always predictable.
- </para>
- <para>
- All examples which have been presented in this and
- previous modules occur with completion le.
- </para>
- <para>
- When -wán is used as an ending, it indicates finishing,
- as in Wǒ hái méi shuōwán, "I haven’t finished
- speaking yet," or depletion, as in màiwán le,
- "sold out," and yǒngwán le, "used
- up." In English, you might Just say
- "finished," without indicating what you have
- finished doing. In Chinese, the action which has been
- finished is usually mentioned.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ chīwán le. I have finished eating.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wo huàwán le. I have finished drawing.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wo kànwán le. I have finished reading.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ hái méi shuōwán ne. I have not finished talking
- yet.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā hái méi zuòwán ne. He has not finished (doing
- some
- </para>
- <para>
- thing) yet.
- </para>
- </simplesect>
- <simplesect xml:id="drills-3">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark64" /><anchor id="bookmark116" />DRILLS</title>
- <para>
- A. Response Drill
- </para>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Nǐ qù náli? You: Wo xiǎng qù
- Táinán wan jitiān.
- </para>
- <para>
- (cue) Táinán (I’m thinking of going to
- </para>
- <para>
- (Where are you going?) Tainan to relax for a
- few
- </para>
- <para>
- days.)
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 2.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Nī qù náli?
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Xīnzhú
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Wǒ xiǎng
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- qù Xīnzhú wán jitiān.
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 3.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Nī qù náli?
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Jiāyì
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Wǒ xiǎng
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- qù Jiāyì wán jitiān.
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- U.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Nī qù náli?
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Gāoxiōng
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Wǒ xiǎng
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- qù Gāoxiōng wán Jitiān.
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 5.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Nī qù náli?
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Huālián
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Wo xiǎng
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- qù Huālián wán jitiān.
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 6.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Nī qù náli?
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Táidōng
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Wǒ xiǎng
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- qù Táidōng wán jitiān.
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 7.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Nī qù náli?
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Táiběi
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- wǒ xiǎng
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- qù Táiběi wán jitiān.
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- B. Expansion Drill
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Zuò Gonglùjú.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (cue) Tainan (Take the bus.)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Zuò huǒchē. Jiāyì
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Zuò zhídáchē. Gāoxiōng
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. Zuò jìchéngchē. Táidōng
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Zuò huǒchē. Huāliān
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Zuò jìchéngchē Jīlōng
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Zuò Gōnglùju. Taizhōng
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- You: Dào Táinán qù zuò Gōnglùjú xíng bu xíng?
- </para>
- <para>
- (To go to Tainan, would it be all right to take the
- bus?)
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào Jiāyì qù zuò huǒchē xíng bu xíng?
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào Gāoxiōng qù zuò zhídáchē xíng bu xíng?
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào Táidōng qù zuò jìchéngchē xíng bu xíng?
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào Huālián qù zuò huǒchē xíng bu xíng?
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào Jīlōng qù zuò jìchéngchē xíng bu xíng?
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào Táizhōng qù zuò Gōnglùjú xíng bu xíng?
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- C. Response Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Zuò gōnggòng qìchē xíng bu xíng? (cue)
- kěshi bú dà
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (Would it be all right to take the bus?)
- </para>
- <para>
- OR Zuò gōnggòng qìchē xíng bu xíng? (cue) zuì
- </para>
- <para>
- (Would it be all right to take the bus?)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Zuò huǒchē xíng bu xíng? kěshi bú dà
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Zuò Gōnglùjú xíng bu xíng? zuì
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 4. Zuò Jìchěngchē xíng bu xíng? zuì
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Zuò Sānlù chē xíng bu xíng? kěshi bú dà
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6, Zuò Wulù chē xíng bu xíng? zuì
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- You: Zuò gōnggòng qìchē xíng, kěshi bú dà fāngbian.
- </para>
- <para>
- (it would be all right to take the bus, but it’s not
- very convenient.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Zuò gōnggòng qìchē xíng, zuì fāngbian.
- </para>
- <para>
- (it would be all right to take the bus; it’s most
- convenient.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Zuò huǒchē xíng, kěshi bú dà fāngbian.
- </para>
- <para>
- Zuò Gōnglùjú xíng, zuì fāngbian.
- </para>
- <para>
- Zuò Jìchěngchē xíng, zuì fāngbian.
- </para>
- <para>
- Zuò Sānlù chē xíng, kěshi bú dà fāngbian.
- </para>
- <para>
- Zuò Wǔlù chē xíng, zuì fāngbian.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- D. Expansion Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Zuò huǒchē hǎo bu hǎo?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (cue) Gōnglùjú (is it all right to take the train?)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Jīntiān qù hǎo bu hao? míngtiān
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Zuò Gōnglùjú hǎo bu hǎo? Jìchěngchē
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. Míngtiān qù hǎo bu hǎo? hòutiān
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Zuò huǒchē hǎo bu hǎo? qìchē
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- You: Nǐ shuō shi zuò huǒchē qu hǎo ne, hǎishi zuò
- Gōnglùjú qu hǎo ne?
- </para>
- <para>
- (Would you say it’s better to go by train or to go by
- bus?)
- </para>
- <para>
- Nǐ shuō, jīntiān qù hǎo ne, hǎishi míngtiān qù hǎo ne?
- </para>
- <para>
- Nǐ shuō shi zuò Gōnglùjú qu hǎo ne, hǎishi zuò
- jìchěngchē qu hǎo ne?
- </para>
- <para>
- Nǐ shuō, míngtiān qù hǎo ne, hǎishi hòutiān qù hǎo ne?
- </para>
- <para>
- Nǐ shuō shi zuò huǒchē qu hǎo ne, hǎishi zuò qìchē qu
- hǎo ne?
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Jīntiān qù hǎo hu hǎo? míngtiān
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Zuò fēijī hǎo hu hǎo? huochē
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Nǐ shuō, jīntiān qù haǒ ne, háishi míngtiān qù hǎo ne?
- </para>
- <para>
- Nǐ shuō shi zuò fēijī qu hǎo ne, háishi zuò huǒchē qu
- hǎo ne?
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- E. Response Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Dei xiān mǎi piào ma?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (cue) yes
- </para>
- <para>
- (Is it necessary to buy tickets ahead, of time?)
- </para>
- <para>
- OR Dei xiān mǎi piào ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- (cue) no
- </para>
- <para>
- (is it necessary to buy tickets ahead, of time?)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Dei xiān niàn Zhōngguo lìshī ma? yes
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Dei xiān zuò Yílù chē ma? no
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- H. Dei xiān dào Xīdān ma? yes
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Dei xiān huàn qián ma? no
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Dei xiān qù kàn gēge ma? no
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- You: Dei xiān mǎi piào.
- </para>
- <para>
- (It's necessary to buy tickets ahead, of time.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Bu bì xiān mǎi piào.
- </para>
- <para>
- (it's not necessary to buy tickets ahead of time.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Dei xiān niàn Zhōngguo lìshǐ.
- </para>
- <para>
- Bú bì xiān zuò Yílù chē.
- </para>
- <para>
- Dei xiān dào Xīdān.
- </para>
- <para>
- Bú bì xiān huàn qián.
- </para>
- <para>
- Bú bì xiān qù kàn gēge.
- </para>
- <para>
- F. Response Drill
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Dei xiān mǎi piào ma? (cue) 2 or 3 days
- (is it necessary to buy tickets ahead of time?)
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- OR Dei xiān mǎi piào ma? (cue) no (is it necessary to
- buy tickets ahead of time?)
- </para>
- <para>
- You: Nǐ zuì hǎo liǎngsāntiān yīqián mǎi piào.
- </para>
- <para>
- (it would be best for you to buy your tickets two or
- three days ahead of time.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Bú bì xiān mǎi piào.
- </para>
- <para>
- (it's not necessary to buy tickets ahead of time.)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Dei xiān mǎi piào ma? Nǐ zuì hǎo
- liǎngtiān yīqián mǎi piào
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- 2 days
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Dei xiān huàn qián ma? H or 5 days
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- H. Děi xiān qù kàn gēge ma? no
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Dei xiān kàn zhèiběn shū ma?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3 days
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Děi xiān huàn qián ma? no
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Ni zuì hǎo sìwǔtiān yiqián huàn qián.
- </para>
- <para>
- Bú hi xiān qù kàn gēge.
- </para>
- <para>
- Ni zuì hǎo sāntiān yiqián kàn zhěiběn shū.
- </para>
- <para>
- Bú bì xiān huàn qián.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- G. Response Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Ni yào zuò shénme shíhoude chē? (cue)
- shàngwǔ
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (What train do you want to take?)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Ni yào zuò jidiǎn zhongde chē? xiàwǔ 2:10
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. NÌ yào zuò shénme shíhoude chē? wǎnshang
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. Ni yào zuò Jidiǎn zhongde chē? zǎoshang 9:50
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Ni yào zuò shénme shíhoude chē? shàngwu
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Ni yào zuò Jidiǎn zhongde chē? shàngwu ll:U0
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Ni yào zuò shénme shíhoude chē? xiàwǔ
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- You: Wo yào zuò shàngwǔde chē.
- </para>
- <para>
- (I want to take a morning train.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Wo yào zuò xiàwǔ liǎngdiǎn shífēnde chē.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ yào zuò wǎnshangde chē.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ yào zuò zǎoshang Jiǔdiǎn wǔshifēnde chē.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wo yào zuò shàngwǔde chē.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ yào zuò shàngwǔ shíyīdiǎn sìshifēnde chē.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ yào zuò xiàwǔde chē.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- H. Transformation Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Qingwèn, shàngwǔde chēpiào hái you
- meiyou?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (May I ask, are there still tickets for the morning
- train?)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Qingwèn, dào Táinán qùde chēpiào hái you meiyou?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Qingwèn, míngtiān shàngwǔde chēpiào hái you
- meiyou?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. Qingwèn, dào Huālián qùde chēpiào hái you meiyou?
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Qingwèn, Jīntiān xiàwǔde chēpiào hái you meiyou?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Qǐngwèn, dào Gāoxiōng qùde chēpiào hái you
- meiyou?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Qingwèn, míngtiānde chēpiào hái you meiyou?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- You? Qingwèn, shàngwǔde chēpiào dōu màiwán le meiyou?
- </para>
- <para>
- (May I ask, are the tickets for the morning trains all
- sold out?)
- </para>
- <para>
- Qingwèn, dào Táinán qùde chēpiào dōu màiwán le meiyou?
- </para>
- <para>
- Qingwèn, míngtiān shàngwǔde chēpiào dōu màiwán le
- meiyou?
- </para>
- <para>
- Qingwèn, dào Huālián qùde chēpiào dōu màiwán le meiyou?
- </para>
- <para>
- Qingwèn, Jīntiān xiàwǔde chēpiào dōu màiwán le meiyou?
- </para>
- <para>
- Qingwèn, dào Gāoxiōng qùde chēpiào dōu màiwán le meiyou?
- </para>
- <para>
- Qingwèn, míngtiānde chēpiào dōu màiwán le meiyou?
- </para>
- </simplesect>
- </section>
- <section xml:id="unit-5">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark117" /><anchor id="bookmark118" />UNIT
- 5</title>
- <para>
- </para>
- </section>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <section xml:id="reference-list-4">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark65" /><anchor id="bookmark119" />REFERENCE
- LIST</title>
- <para>
- </para>
- </section>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- (in Běijīng)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. A: Wo ye xiǎng dào Nānjīng qù kànkan.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B: Nǐ jìhua něitiān qù?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- A: Míngtiān huòshi hòutiān qù dōu keyi.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. A: Shanghai lí Nanjing you duō yuan?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B: You liǎngbǎiwǔshiduō gōnglǐ.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. A: Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duōshao shíhou?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B: Dàgài yào zǒu sìge bàn xiaoshí.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- U. C: Yào zǒu bànge xiaoshí.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. B: Ni jìhua zài Nānjīng zhù jǐtiān?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- A: Zhèi shi wǒ dìyīcì dào Nānjīng qù. Yǐqiān méi qùguo.
- Nǐ shuō liǎngtiān gòu bu gou?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B: Liǎngtiān gòu le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. A: Měitiān you jǐtàng chē?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- A: Xiàwǔ you meiyou chē?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- A: Wo xīwang xiàwǔ líkāi zhèr.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7.
- <anchor id="footnote11" /><superscript><link linkend="bookmark120">11</link></superscript> B:
- Shísāndiǎn ling wǔfēn you yìbān tèkuài.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- I would also like to go to Nānjīng to look around.
- </para>
- <para>
- What day do you plan to go?
- </para>
- <para>
- Tomorrow and (or) the day after are both possible.
- </para>
- <para>
- How far is Shanghai from Nānjīng?
- </para>
- <para>
- It’s over 250 kilometers.
- </para>
- <para>
- How long does it take to go by train?
- </para>
- <para>
- It probably takes four and a half hours.
- </para>
- <para>
- It takes half an hour.
- </para>
- <para>
- How many days do you plan to stay in Nanjīng?
- </para>
- <para>
- This will be the first time I have gone to Nānjīng. I
- haven’t gone there before. Would you say two days are
- enough?
- </para>
- <para>
- Two days are enough.
- </para>
- <para>
- How many trips are there each day?
- </para>
- <para>
- Are there trains in the afternoon?
- </para>
- <para>
- I hope to leave here in the afternoon.
- </para>
- <para>
- There’s an express at 1305.
- </para>
- <para>
- 8«,<anchor id="footnote12" /><superscript><link linkend="bookmark121">12</link></superscript>B:
- Shísāndiǎn ling wǔfēn you There’s an express at 1305. yítàng
- tèkuài.
- </para>
- <para>
- ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY (not presented on C-l and P-1
- tapes)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 9. dǎsuan
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 10. huòzhě (huòzhe)
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 11. ylhòu
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 12. zhōngtou
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- to plan to
- </para>
- <para>
- or (alternate form of huòshi) afterwards, later on, in the
- future hour (alternate word for xiaoshí)
- </para>
- <para>
- <inlinemediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module05TRN-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module05TRN-StudentText-4.png" />
- </imageobject>
- </inlinemediaobject>
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Gate at Shenzhen, where people get off the train from Hong
- Kong, walk across a bridge into China (through the gate in
- photo), and board a train for Guangzhou. Most of the people
- in the picture are Hong Kong residents on their way to visit
- relatives in Guangzhou.
- </para>
- <section xml:id="vocabulary-3">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark23" /><anchor id="bookmark122" />VOCABULARY</title>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
- <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- bǎn
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- half (followed hy a counter or a noun which does
- not take a counter)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- -Cl
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- occasion, time
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- dàgài
- </para>
- <para>
- dǎsuàn (dǎsuan) dìyícì (dìyícì) -duo
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- probably, approximately to plan to the first
- time over, more than
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- gōnglī gòu
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- kilometer to be enough
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- huòshi
- </para>
- <para>
- huòzhě (huòzhe)
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- or or
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- jìhua
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to plan to
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- kànkan
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to see, to look around, to sight-see, to visit
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- líkāi
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to leave
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- -tang
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- (counter for bus trips, train trips, etc.)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- tèkuài
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- express train
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- xiǎoshí
- </para>
- <para>
- xīwàng (xīwang)
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- hour
- </para>
- <para>
- to hope
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- yào
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- must, to have to; to take (a certain amount of
- time)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- yǐhòu yiqián
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- afterwards, later on; in the future before, in
- the past
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- zhōngtóu
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- hour
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- (introduced on C-2 tape)
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
- <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- biéde dìfang
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- other places (cf. biáren. *'other people’*)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- cānguān
- </para>
- <para>
- duoshao hào gōngchǎng
- </para>
- <para>
- juédìng yìshuāng pixie
- </para>
- <para>
- you hǎo you pianyi
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to visit as an observer what size (shoe) factory
- to decide
- </para>
- <para>
- a pair of leather shoes both good and
- inexpensive
- </para>
- <para>
- 7U
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- </section>
- <section xml:id="reference-notes-4">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark32" /><anchor id="bookmark123" />REFERENCE
- NOTES</title>
- <para>
- 1. A: Wǒ yě xiǎng dào Nanjīng qù kànkan.
- </para>
- <para>
- B: Nī jìhua něitiān qù?
- </para>
- <para>
- A: Míngtiān huòshi hòutiān qù dōu keyi.
- </para>
- <para>
- I would also like to go to Nanjīng to look around.
- </para>
- <para>
- What day do you plan to go?
- </para>
- <para>
- Tomorrow and (or) the day after are both possible.
- </para>
- <para>
- Notes on No. 1
- </para>
- <para>
- Kànkan, "to have a look": In exchange 1, kànkan
- refers to doing some sight-seeing. The reduplicated verb
- form implies an indefinite amount of sight-seeing, best
- translated into English as "to have a look,"
- "to look around."
- </para>
- <para>
- Huòshi (alternate, huòzhě) is used acceptable or possible.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Wǒ qù mǎi yìdiǎnr píjiǔ huòshi mǎi yìdiǎnr qìshuī.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā míngtiān huòshi hòutiān lai kàn nī ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- Haishi is used for "or" when a choice
- </para>
- <para>
- Nī mǎi píjiǔ háishi mǎi qìshuī?
- </para>
- <para>
- Nī xīhuan dàde háishi xīhuan xiǎode?
- </para>
- <para>
- for "or" when both alternatives are
- </para>
- <para>
- I will go to buy some beer or some soft drinks.
- </para>
- <para>
- Is he coming to see you tomorrow or the day after? (i.e.,
- sometime during the next two days)
- </para>
- <para>
- is required between the alternatives
- </para>
- <para>
- Are you buying beer or (are you buying) soft drinks?
- </para>
- <para>
- Do you like the large one or (do you like) the small one?
- </para>
- <para>
- 2. A:
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- B:
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng you duo yuǎn?
- </para>
- <para>
- You liǎngbǎi wǔshiduō gōnglī.
- </para>
- <para>
- How far is Shanghai from Nánjīng?
- </para>
- <para>
- It’s over 250 kilometers.
- </para>
- <para>
- Notes on No. 2
- </para>
- <para>
- You is used in expressing the
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng you duo yuǎn? distance between two
- points.
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Shànghǎi
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- lí
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Nanjing
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- you
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- duo
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- yuǎn?
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- (Shànghǎi
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- be separated from
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Nanjīng
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- there is
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- how much
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- distance?)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- "How far is Shànghǎi from Nanjing?"
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Tianjin
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- lí
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Beijing
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- you
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 120 gōnglǐ.
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- (Tianjin
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- be separated from
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Beijing
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- there is
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 120 kilometers.)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- "Tianjin is 120 kilometers from Beijing."
- </para>
- <para>
- Liǎngbǎi wǔshiduō gōnglǐ: adding -duō to number phrases,
- before the
- counter,<anchor id="footnote13" /><superscript><link linkend="bookmark124">13</link></superscript>
- -duō refers to range of the round number.
- </para>
- <para>
- liǎngbǎiduō gōnglǐ
- </para>
- <para>
- yìqiānduōge xuésheng sānshiduōkuài qián
- </para>
- <para>
- Beginning with 20, -duō may be used in
- </para>
- <para>
- With round numbers from 20 through 90, èrshiduōge rén
- èrshijīge rén sìshiduō gōnglǐ sìshijī gōnglǐ
- </para>
- <para>
- With the number 10, only -Jǐ is used shíjǐkuài qián
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Approximate numbers may be expressed by When added
- immediately after a number, an indefinite amount within
- the
- </para>
- <para>
- more than 200 kilometers (but fewer than 300)
- </para>
- <para>
- more than 1,000 students (but fewer than 2,000)
- </para>
- <para>
- more than 30 dollars (but fewer than ho)
- </para>
- <para>
- this way with any round number.
- </para>
- <para>
- -jǐ may be used instead of -duō
- </para>
- <para>
- more than 20 persons (but fewer than 30)
- </para>
- <para>
- more than ho kilometers (but fewer than 50)
- </para>
- <para>
- never -duō.
- </para>
- <para>
- more than 10 dollars (but fewer than 20)
- </para>
- <para>
- 3. A: Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duōshao shíhou?
- </para>
- <para>
- B: Dàgài yào zǒu sìge bàn xiǎoshí.
- </para>
- <para>
- How long does it take to go by train?
- </para>
- <para>
- It probably takes four and a half hours.
- </para>
- <para>
- b. C: Yào zǒu bànge xiǎoshí.
- </para>
- <para>
- It takes half an hour.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Notes on Nos. 3-b
- </para>
- <para>
- The auxiliary verb yào, "to want," "to have
- to." (See the first sentence is sometimes used as
- "to need to," in exchange 3.)
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="6">
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Zuò
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- huǒchē
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- yào
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- zǒu
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- duōshao
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- shíhou?
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- (ride
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- train
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- have to
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- go
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- how much
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- time?)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- "How long does it take to go by train?"
- </para>
- <para>
- Yào may also be used as a main verb meaning "to take
- Ca certain amount of time!":
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Zuò
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- huǒchē
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- yào
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- duōshǎo
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- shíhou?
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- (ride
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- train
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- takes
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- how much
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- time?)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- "How long does it take by train?"
- </para>
- <para>
- Bàn-, "a half (of)," is used like a
- number—before a counter or before a noun which does not
- require a counter.
- </para>
- <para>
- bànge xiǎoshí half an hour
- </para>
- <para>
- bànniǎn half a year
- </para>
- <para>
- bànge píngguǒ half an apple
- </para>
- <para>
- Sìge bàn: When bàn FOLLOWS a counter or a noun not
- requiring a counter, the word is translated as "and a
- half."
- </para>
- <para>
- liǎngkuài bàn two and a half dollars
- </para>
- <para>
- sāntiān bàn three and a half days
- </para>
- <para>
- yíge bàn xiǎoshí one and a half hours
- </para>
- <para>
- Xiǎoshí: Formerly, the Chinese considered that one day and
- night (2b hours) was divided into twelve 2-hour periods of
- time. Each of these time periods was divided into two
- xiǎoshí, "small hours," when telling time by the
- Western 2b-hour system gained popularity throughout the
- world.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5- B: Nǐ jìhua zài Nánjīng zhù jītiān?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- A: Zhèi shi wǒ dìyīcì dào Nánjīng qù. Yīqián méi
- qùguo. Nǐ shuō liǎngtiān gòu hu gou?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B: Liǎngtiān gòu le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- How many days do you plan to stay in Nánjīng?
- </para>
- <para>
- This will be the first time I have gone to Nánjīng. I
- haven’t gone there before. Would you say two days are
- enough?
- </para>
- <para>
- Two days are enough.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Note on No. 5
- </para>
- <para>
- Gòu le: The last sentence in exchange 5 ends with the
- new-situation marker le. This marker is used to describe
- what a situation is, was, or will be AT A SPECIFIED TIME.
- The travel agent says that, when the visit has lasted two
- days, THEN it will be long enough.
- </para>
- <para>
- 6. A: Meitiān you jītàng chē?
- </para>
- <para>
- A: Xiàwǔ you meiyou chē?
- </para>
- <para>
- A: Wǒ xīwang xiàwǔ líkāi zhèr.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- How many trains are there each day? Are there trains in
- the afternoon?
- </para>
- <para>
- I hope to leave here in the afternoon.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Notes on No. 6
- </para>
- <para>
- Jītàng: The counter -tàng is used when the trip mentioned
- is not a particular one, scheduled at a certain time.
- Similarly, it can also be used to talk about the number of
- trips a person has made, or will make.
- </para>
- <para>
- Líkāi, "to leave," may be followed by an object
- (the place). On the
- </para>
- <para>
- other hand, zǒu, "to leave," is never followed
- by an object.
- </para>
- <para>
- Nī shénme shíhou líkāi zhèr? When are you leaving here?
- </para>
- <para>
- Nī shénme shíhou zou? When are you leaving?
- </para>
- <para>
- 7. B: Shisandiǎn ling wǔfēn you yibān tèkuài.
- </para>
- <para>
- There’s an express at 1305.
- </para>
- <para>
- There’s an express at 1305.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- 8. B: Shísāndiǎn ling wǔfēn you yítàng tèkuài.
- </para>
- <para>
- Notes on Nos. 7-8
- </para>
- <para>
- Shísāndiǎn ling wǔfēn: For train and Bus schedules, a
- 2U-hour clock is commonly used in China, beginning with 1
- a.m. and continuing to midnight, or 2^00.
- </para>
- <para>
- 12-hour clock
- </para>
- <para>
- 2U-hour clock
- </para>
- <para>
- zǎoshàng shídiǎn
- </para>
- <para>
- 10
- </para>
- <para>
- a.m.
- </para>
- <para>
- shídiǎn
- </para>
- <para>
- 1000
- </para>
- <para>
- xiàwǔ yìdiān
- </para>
- <para>
- 1
- </para>
- <para>
- p.m.
- </para>
- <para>
- shísāndiǎn
- </para>
- <para>
- 1300
- </para>
- <para>
- xiàwǔ wǔdiǎn
- </para>
- <para>
- 5
- </para>
- <para>
- p.m.
- </para>
- <para>
- shìqīdiǎn
- </para>
- <para>
- 1700
- </para>
- <para>
- wǎnshàng shídiǎn
- </para>
- <para>
- 10
- </para>
- <para>
- p.m.
- </para>
- <para>
- èrshièrdiǎn
- </para>
- <para>
- 2200
- </para>
- <para>
- Ling is included to indicate the zero in "1305.”
- </para>
- <para>
- Tèkuài is an abbreviation for tèbiě kuàichē, ’’special
- express train."
- </para>
- <para>
- Yìbān and yítàng, counters for trips made by trains,
- buses, planes, and other conveyances, are sometimes
- interchangeable.
- </para>
- </section>
- <section xml:id="drills-4">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark68" /><anchor id="bookmark125" />DRILLS</title>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- A. Response Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker; Wǒ dǎsuan dào Nǎnjīng qù kànkan.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (cue) něitiān
- </para>
- <para>
- (I’m planning to go to Nanjing to look around.)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Wǒ xiǎng dào Xiān qù kànkan. jiyuè
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Wǒ jìhua dào Húběi qù kànkan. xīngqīji
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- h. Wǒ dǎsuan dào Shanghai qù kànkan. jīhào
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Wǒ jìhua dào Sùzhōu qù kànkan. jiyuè
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Wǒ xiǎng dào Beijing qù kànkan. něitiān
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Wǒ dǎsuan dào Wuchang qù kànkan. xīngqījl
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- You; Ni dǎsuan něitiān qù?
- </para>
- <para>
- (What day do you plan to go?)
- </para>
- <para>
- Nǐ xiǎng jiyuè qù?
- </para>
- <para>
- Nǐ jìhua xīngqīji qù?
- </para>
- <para>
- Nǐ dǎsuan jǐhào qù?
- </para>
- <para>
- Nǐ jìhua jiyuè qù?
- </para>
- <para>
- Ni xiǎng něitiān qù?
- </para>
- <para>
- Ni dǎsuan xīngqījǐ qù?
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B. Response Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Nǐ dǎsuan shénme shíhou dào Nǎnjīng qù?
- (cue) xiàge yuè
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (When are you planning to go to Nǎnjīng?)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Ni jìhua jiyuè dào Shànghǎi qù? Liùyuè
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Ni xiǎng něitiān dào Guǎngzhōu qù? hòutiān
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- You: Wǒ dǎsuan xiàge yuè dào Nǎnjīng qu kànkan.
- </para>
- <para>
- (I’m planning to go to see Nanjing next month.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ jìhua Liùyuè dào Shànghǎi qu kànkan.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ xiǎng hòutiān dào Guǎngzhōu qu kànkan.
- </para>
- <para>
- U. Ni dǎsuan něinián dào Zhōngguo qù? míngnián
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Nī jìhua Jīyuè dào Xianggang qù? Èryuè
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Ni xiǎng xīngqījī dào Beijing qù? Xīngqīsān
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Nī dǎsuan jīdiǎn zhōng dào tǎ nàr qù? sǎndiǎn zhōng
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Wō dǎsuan míngnián dào Zhōngguo qu kànkan.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wō jìhua Èryuè dào Xiǎnggǎng qu kànkan.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wō xiǎng Xīngqīsān dào Běijīng qu kànkan.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wō dǎsuan sǎndiǎn zhōng dào tā nàr qu kànkan.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- C. Response Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Nī jìhua něitiān qù?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (cue) Xīngqīèr (What day do you plan
- </para>
- <para>
- to go?)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Nī jìhua něitiān qù? wùhào
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Nī xiǎng Jīyuè qù? Wùyuè
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. Nī xiǎng něinián qù? 1977
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Nī dǎsuan shénme shíhou qù? xiàyuè sìhào
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Nī dǎsuan jīdiǎn zhōng qù? shàngwù shídiǎn
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Nī Jìhua jīhào qù? èrshiqī
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- You: Xīngqīèr huōzhě Xīngqīsān, dōu kéyi.
- </para>
- <para>
- (Tuesday and CorJ Wednesday are both possible.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Wùhào huōzhě liùhào, dōu kéyi.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wùyuè huōzhě Liùyuè, dōu kéyi.
- </para>
- <para>
- Yījiùqīqī huōzhě Yījiùqībā, dōu kéyi
- </para>
- <para>
- Xiàyuè sìhào huōzhě xiàyuè wùhào, dōu kéyi.
- </para>
- <para>
- Shàngwù shídiǎn huōzhě shàngwù shíyīdiǎn, dōu kéyi.
- </para>
- <para>
- Èrshiqíhào huōzhě Èrshibáhào, dōu kéyi.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- D. Transformation Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Shànghǎi lí Nanjing yuan ma?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (cue) duō
- </para>
- <para>
- (is Shànghǎi far from NǎnjIng?)
- </para>
- <para>
- OR Shànghǎi lí Nanjing yuǎn ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- (cue) duōshao
- </para>
- <para>
- (is Shànghǎi far from NǎnjIng?)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Beijing lí TiānjIn yuǎn ma? duō
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Beijing lí Shànghǎi yuǎn ma? duōshao
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Nǎnjīng lí Beijing yuǎn ma? duōshao
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Guangzhou lí Wǔhàn yuǎn ma? duō
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Shànghǎi lí Hǎngzhōu yuǎn ma? duōshao
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- You: Shànghǎi lí Nǎnjīng you duō yuǎn?
- </para>
- <para>
- (How far is Shànghǎi from Nǎnjīng?)
- </para>
- <para>
- Shànghǎi lí Nǎnjīng you duōshao gōnglī?
- </para>
- <para>
- (How many kilometers is Shànghǎi from Nǎnjīng?)
- </para>
- <para>
- Beijing lí Tianjin you duō yuǎn?
- </para>
- <para>
- Beijing lí Shànghǎi yōu duōshao gōnglī?
- </para>
- <para>
- Nǎnjīng lí Beijing yōu duōshao gōnglī?
- </para>
- <para>
- Guǎngzhōu lí Wǔhàn yōu duō yuǎn?
- </para>
- <para>
- Shànghǎi lí Hǎngzhōu yōu duōshao gōnglī?
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- E. Response Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Shànghǎi lí Nǎnjīng yōu duō yuǎn?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (cue) dàgài 270
- </para>
- <para>
- (How far is Shànghǎi from Nǎnjīng?)
- </para>
- <para>
- OR Tianjin lí Beijing yōu duō yuǎn?
- </para>
- <para>
- (cue) 80duō
- </para>
- <para>
- (How far is Tianjin from Beijing?)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Bǎijīng lí Hǎngzhōu yōu duō yuǎn? 900duō
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- You: Dàgài yōu èrbǎiqīshí gōnglī.
- </para>
- <para>
- (it’s probably 270 kilometers.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Dàgài lí Beijing yōu bāshíduō gōnglī.
- </para>
- <para>
- (it’s probably more than 80 kilometers.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Dàgài lí Hǎngzhōu yōu Jiǔbǎiduō gōnglī.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Běijīng lí Shanghai you duo yuan? dàgài 800
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- U. Nanjing lí Shànghǎi you duó yuǎn? dàgài 200
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- 5. Wuhàn lí Běijīng you duó yuǎn? TOOduō
- </para>
- <para>
- 6. Hǎngzhōu lí Shànghǎi you duó yuǎn? ITOduǒ
- </para>
- <para>
- Dàgài you bǎbǎi gōnglī.
- </para>
- <para>
- Dàgài you èrbǎi gōnglī.
- </para>
- <para>
- Dàgài lí Běijīng you qībǎiduō gōnglī.
- </para>
- <para>
- Dàgài lí Shànghǎi you yībǎiqīshíduō gōnglī.
- </para>
- <para>
- F. Transformation Drill
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Shànghǎi lí Nǎnjīng you sǎnbǎi gōnglī.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (cue) měi
- </para>
- <para>
- (Shànghǎi is 300 kilometers from Nǎnjīng.)
- </para>
- <para>
- OR Shànghǎi lí Nǎnjīng yōu sǎnbǎi gōnglī.
- </para>
- <para>
- (cue) dàgài
- </para>
- <para>
- (Shànghǎi is 300 kilometers from Běijīng.)
- </para>
- <para>
- OR Shànghǎi lí Nǎnjīng you sǎnbǎi gōnglī.
- </para>
- <para>
- (cue) duō
- </para>
- <para>
- (Shànghǎi is 300 kilometers from Běijīng.)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Běijīng lí Shànghǎi you yìqiǎn gōnglī. měi
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Wuhàn lí Běijīng you bǎbǎi gōnglī. dàgài
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. Nǎnjīng lí Shànghǎi yōu èrbǎi gōnglī. duō
- </para>
- <para>
- 5. Hǎngzhōu lí Shànghǎi yōu yìbǎi gōnglī. duō
- </para>
- <para>
- You: Shànghǎi lí Nǎnjīng měiyou sānbǎi gōnglī.
- </para>
- <para>
- (Shànghǎi isn't Lis less thanJ 300 kilometers from
- Nǎnjīng,)
- </para>
- <para>
- Shànghǎi lí Nǎnjīng dàgài yōu sǎnbǎi gōnglī.
- </para>
- <para>
- (Shànghǎi is probably 300 kilometers from Běijīng.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Shànghǎi lí Nǎnjīng yōu sǎnbǎiduō gōnglī.
- </para>
- <para>
- (Shànghǎi is more than 300 kilometers from Běijīng.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Běijīng lí Shànghǎi měiyou yìqiǎn gōnglī.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wuhàn lí Běijīng dàgài yōu bǎbǎi gōnglī.
- </para>
- <para>
- Nǎnjīng lí Shànghǎi yōu èrbǎiduō gōnglī.
- </para>
- <para>
- Hǎngzhōu lí Shànghǎi yōu yìbǎiduō gōnglī.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- G. Substitution Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu jǐge zhōngtǒu?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (cue) duo jiǔ
- </para>
- <para>
- (How many hours does it take by train?)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duǒ jiu? duōshao shíhou
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duōshao shíhou? jǐtiān
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu jǐtiān? jǐge xǐngqī
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu jǐge xǐngqī? jǐge xiaoshí
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu jǐge xiaoshí? duōshao tian
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Zuò huochē yào zou duōshao tian?
- </para>
- <para>
- You: Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duǒ jiǔ?
- </para>
- <para>
- (How long does it take by train?)
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duōshao shíhou?
- </para>
- <para>
- Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu jǐtiān?
- </para>
- <para>
- Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu jǐge xǐngqī?
- </para>
- <para>
- Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu jǐge xiaoshí?
- </para>
- <para>
- Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duōshao tiān?
- </para>
- <para>
- H. Transformation Drill
- </para>
- <para>
- Speaker: Yào zǒu bànge zhōngtǒu (cue) 1
- </para>
- <para>
- (It takes half an hour
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="5">
- <colspec colwidth="20*" align="left" />
- <colspec colwidth="20*" align="left" />
- <colspec colwidth="20*" align="left" />
- <colspec colwidth="20*" align="left" />
- <colspec colwidth="20*" align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- OR
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Yào zǒu bàntiān. (cue) 3
- </para>
- <para>
- (it takes half a
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- day
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 2.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Yào
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- zǒu
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- bànge yuè.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 2
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 3.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Yào
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- zǒu
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- bànge xǐngqī.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 1
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- U.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Yào
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- zou
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- bànnián.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 1
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 5.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Yào
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- zǒu
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- bànge zhōngtǒu.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- u
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 6.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Yào
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- zǒu
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- bànge yuè.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 1
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- You: Yào zǒu yíge bàn zhōngtǒu.
- </para>
- <para>
- (It takes an hour and a half.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Yào zǒu sāntiān bàn.
- </para>
- <para>
- (It takes three and a half days.)
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Yào
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- zǒu
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- liǎngge bàn yuè.
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Yào
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- zou
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- yíge bàn xīngqī.
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Yào
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- zǒu
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- yìnián bàn.
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Yào
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- zǒu
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- sìge bàn zhōngtǒu.
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Yào
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- zǒu
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- yíge bàn yuè.
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- I. Expansion Drill
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Zhèi shi wǒ dìyīcì dào Nánjīng qù. (cue)
- yǐhòu
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (This will be the first time I have gone to Nánjīng.)
- </para>
- <para>
- OR Zhèi shi wǒ dìyīcì dào Nanjīng qù. (cue) yǐqián
- </para>
- <para>
- (This will be the first time I have gone to Nanjīng.)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Zhèi shi ta dìyīcì xué Zhōngguo huà. yǐhòu
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Zhèi shi tá dìyīcì chī Zhōngguo fàn. yǐqián
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- H. Zhèi shi wǒ dìyīcì dào zhèr lái. yǐhǒu
- </para>
- <para>
- 5. Zhèi shi wǒ dìyīcì dào zhèr lái. yǐqián
- </para>
- <para>
- 6. Zhèi shi wǒ dìyīcì dào Māiguo qù. yǐqián
- </para>
- <para>
- You: Zhè shi wǒ dìyīcì dào Nánjīng qù. Yǐhòu hái yào qù.
- </para>
- <para>
- (This will be the first time I have gone to Nánjīng.
- </para>
- <para>
- Later on I want to go again.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Zhè shi wǒ dìyīcì dào Nánjīng qù. Yǐqián mái qùguo.
- </para>
- <para>
- (This will be the first time I have gone to Nánjīng. I
- haven’t gone there before.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Zhè shi tā dìyīcì xué Zhōngguo huà. Yǐhòu hái yào xué.
- </para>
- <para>
- Zhè shi tā dìyīcì chī Zhōngguo fàn. Yǐqián méi chīguo.
- </para>
- <para>
- Zhè shi wǒ dìyīcì dào zhèr lái. Yǐhòu hái yào lái.
- </para>
- <para>
- Zhè shi wǒ dìyīcì dào zhèr lái. Yǐqián méi láiguo.
- </para>
- <para>
- Zhè shi wǒ dìyīcì dào Meiguo qù. Yǐqián méi qùguo.
- </para>
- <para>
- J. Response Drill
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Nǐ shuō lái liāngtiān gòu bu gou?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (Would you say it would be enough to come for two days?)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Nǐ shuō qù liāngtiān gòu bu gou?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Nǐ shuō xué liāngniánde Zhōngwén gòu bu gou?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. Nǐ shuō zhù sānge yuè gòu bu gou?
- </para>
- <para>
- You: Lai liāngtiān gou le.
- </para>
- <para>
- (it would be enough to come for two days.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Qù liāngtiān gòu le.
- </para>
- <para>
- Xué liāngniánde Zhōngwén gòu le.
- </para>
- <para>
- Zhù sānge yuè gòu le.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Nǐ shuō niàn jiūge xīngqī gòu Niàn jiuge xīngqī gòu
- le. bu gou?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Nǐ shuō dào nèr qù wǎnr shítiān Wǎnr shítiān gòu
- le. gòu bu gou?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Ni shuō zou yíge zhōngtou gòu Zou yíge zhōngtou gòu
- le. bu gou?
- </para>
- <para>
- K. Expansion Drill
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Wǒ xīwang xiàwǔ líkāi zhèr.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (cue) Xiàwǔ you jǐtàng chē?
- </para>
- <para>
- (I hope to leave here in the afternoon.)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Wǒ xiwang xiàwǔ líkāi zhèr. Xiàwǔ you meiyou
- chē?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Wǒ xīwang wǎnshang líkāi zhèr. Wǎnshang you
- Jǐtàng chē?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- U. Wǒ xīwang Xīngqīsān líkāi zhèr. Xīngqīsān you
- jǐtàng chē?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Wǒ xīwang míngtiān líkāi zhèr. Míngtiān you
- jǐtàng chē?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Wǒ xīwang Jīntiān shàngwǔ líkāi zhèr. Shàngwǔ
- you meiyou chē?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Wǒ xīwang Xīngqīwǔ líkāi zhèr. Xīngqīwǔ yǒu
- jǐtàng chē?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- You: Wǒ xīwang xiàwǔ líkāi zhèr. Xiàwǔ yǒu jǐtàng chē?
- </para>
- <para>
- (I hope to leave here in the afternoon. How many
- trains are there in the afternoon?)
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ xīwang xiàwǔ líkāi zhèr. Xiàwǔ yǒu meiyou chē?
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ xīwang wǎnshang líkāi zhèr. Wǎnshang yǒu jǐtàng
- chē?
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ xīwang Xīngqīsān líkāi zhèr. Xīngqīsān yǒu Jǐtàng
- chē?
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ xīwang míngtiān líkāi zhèr. Míngtiān you jǐtàng
- chē?
- </para>
- <para>
- Wo xīwang jīntiān shàngwǔ líkāi zhèr. Shàngwǔ yǒu
- meiyou chē?
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ xīwang Xīngqīwǔ líkāi zhèr. Xīngqīwǔ yǒu jǐtàng
- chē?
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (in Beijing)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. A: Jidian zhōng kāi?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B: Shíbādiān wùshiwùfēn fā chē.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- A: Na hǎo.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. B: Qing ni bā nìde hùzhào hě luxíngzhèng gěi wo.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- A: Hǎo, gěi ni.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. A: Dào Shànghǎi qùde chē zài dìjl zhàntǎi?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B: Zài dìyī zhàntǎi.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. B: Bu yòng JÍ. Hai zǎo ne.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B: Nī xiān zài zhèige jiēdàishì xiūxixiuxi.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. A: Wo zhèijiàn xíngli zǎnme bàn? Shi bu shi kěyi
- nǎshang chē qu?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B: Kěyi bǎ xíngli nǎshang chē qu.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. A: Zhèibān chē you cānchē ba?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B: You. You Zhōngcān, yě you Xīcān.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- A: Hǎojíle.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. C: Xià yízhàn jiù shi Shànghǎi le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- C: Kuài yào dào zhàn le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- C: Nín zhùnbèi xià chē ba.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- What time does it leave?
- </para>
- <para>
- It departs at 1855.
- </para>
- <para>
- That's fine.
- </para>
- <para>
- Please give me your passport and travel permit.
- </para>
- <para>
- Okay, here it is.
- </para>
- <para>
- On which platform is the train to Shànghǎi?
- </para>
- <para>
- It's on Platform Number 1.
- </para>
- <para>
- No need to be anxious. It's still early.
- </para>
- <para>
- First, rest a bit in this waiting room.
- </para>
- <para>
- What should I do about this suitcase of mine? May I take
- it onto the train?
- </para>
- <para>
- You may take the suitcase onto the train.
- </para>
- <para>
- This train has a dining car, I suppose?
- </para>
- <para>
- Yes. There's Chinese food and there's also Western food.
- </para>
- <para>
- Great.
- </para>
- <para>
- The next station is Shànghǎi.
- </para>
- <para>
- We are about to arrive at the station.
- </para>
- <para>
- Please get ready to get off the train.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY (not presented on C-l and
- P-1 tapes)
- </para>
- <para>
- train platform (alternate word for zhàntái. more common in
- Taiwan)
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 8. ban
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to move
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 9. náshangqu
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to take up
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- náshanglai
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to bring up
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- náxiaqu
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to take down
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- nèxialai
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to bring down
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 10. pao
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to run
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 11. wan
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to be late
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- 12. yuètÈi
- </para>
- </section>
- <section xml:id="vocabulary-4">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark35" /><anchor id="bookmark129" />VOCABULARY</title>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
- <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- ban bàn
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to move (e.g., furniture) (new house) to handle,
- to manage, to do
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- cānchē
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- dining car
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- fa chē
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to depart (from the first terminal of a train
- route)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- hǎojíle he hùzhào
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to be wonderful, to be great and
- </para>
- <para>
- passport
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Jí
- </para>
- <para>
- jiēdàishì (jiēdàishì)
- </para>
- <para>
- -jíle
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to be anxious waiting room extremely, awfully
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- kāi kuài
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to leave soon
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- luxíngzhèng
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- travel permit
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- ná náshanglai náshangqu náxialai nāxiaqu
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to pick up, to hold, to take to bring up
- </para>
- <para>
- to take up
- </para>
- <para>
- to bring down
- </para>
- <para>
- to take down
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- pāo
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to run
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- wan
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to be late
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Xlcān xiūxi
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Western food to rest, to relax
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- yào yuètái
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- will, going to train platform
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- zǎo zhàntài Zhōngcān zhǔnbèi
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to be early train platform Chinese food to
- prepare, to get ready
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- (introduced on C~2 tape)
- </para>
- <para>
- bang
- </para>
- <para>
- bú yào
- </para>
- <para>
- láilai wǎngwǎng
- </para>
- <para>
- qídiǎnzhàn
- </para>
- <para>
- shūfu
- </para>
- <para>
- to help
- </para>
- <para>
- don’t
- </para>
- <para>
- coming and going
- </para>
- <para>
- station where a train originates
- </para>
- <para>
- (literally, ’’starting station”)
- </para>
- <para>
- to be comfortable
- </para>
- <para>
- <inlinemediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module05TRN-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module05TRN-StudentText-5.png" />
- </imageobject>
- </inlinemediaobject>
- </para>
- <para>
- Train from Guangzhou at the entrance to China
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- </section>
- <section xml:id="reference-notes-5">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark36" /><anchor id="bookmark130" />REFERENCE
- NOTES</title>
- <para>
- 1. A: Jīdiǎn zhōng kāi? What time does it
- leave?
- </para>
- <para>
- B: Shíbādiǎn wǔshiwǔfēn fā chē. It departs at 1855.
- </para>
- <para>
- A: Nà hǎo. That’s fine.
- </para>
- <para>
- Note on No. 1
- </para>
- <para>
- Kāi and fǎ chē: When referring to trains, the verb kāi,
- "to start," means "to start off" or
- "to leave." The technical term fā chē, "to
- send out the train," is used in reference to a train
- which is departing from the terminal at the beginning of a
- trip, or line.
- </para>
- <para>
- 2. B: Qīng ni bǎ nīde hùzhào he luxíngzhèng gěi wo.
- </para>
- <para>
- A: Hǎo, gěi ni.
- </para>
- <para>
- Please give me your passport and travel permit.
- </para>
- <para>
- Okay, here it is.
- </para>
- <para>
- Notes on No. 2
- </para>
- <para>
- He, "and," is a common alternate to gēn. Both he
- and gēn are used as "and" between nouns.
- </para>
- <para>
- Bǎ nīde hùzhào...: The prepositional verb bǎ points out
- the direct objects (passport and travel permit) and brings
- those objects to the beginning of the sentence, preceding
- the main verb. Without this construction, a "traffic
- Jam" of sentence elements would follow that verb.
- </para>
- <para>
- 3. A: Dào Shànghǎi qùde chē zài dìjī zhàntāi?
- </para>
- <para>
- B: Zài dìyī zhàntǎi.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- On which platform is the train to Shànghǎi?
- </para>
- <para>
- It’s on Platform Number 1.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- 1. B: Bú yòng jí. Hai zǎo ne.
- </para>
- <para>
- B: Nǐ xiān zài zhèige Jiēdàishì xiūxixiuxi.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- No need to he anxious. It’s still early.
- </para>
- <para>
- First, rest a bit in this waiting room.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Notes on No. U
- </para>
- <para>
- In exchange 4, the aspect marker ne emphasizes that there
- has been no change in the situation.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā zài zhèr ne. He is here.
- </para>
- <para>
- When the adverb hai, ’’still," "yet," is
- used, the sentence very often ends with the marker ne.
- </para>
- <para>
- Míngtiān wǒ hai bù zǒu ne. I am not leaving tomorrow
- (yet), (i.e., I will still be here tomorrow.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Verb reduplication: In Unit 3 of the Money Module, you
- learned that reduplication is one way to indicate ASPECT,
- although markers are more common. INDEFINITENESS is the
- aspect expressed when an action verb is reduplicated. The
- speaker does not commit himself to the duration or extent
- of the action.
- </para>
- <para>
- In the last sentence of No. h, the speaker asks the
- listener to "rest a bit." Instead of using
- additional words to indicate a short duration, the speaker
- reduplicates the verb, xiūxi, expressing some duration,
- but of no particular limit.
- </para>
- <para>
- To reduplicate a two-syllable verb, simply repeat the
- whole verb. The repetition is unstressed, or even
- toneless: xiūxixiuxi
- </para>
- <para>
- Xiān: Since this use of "first" is not followed
- by an explicit "afterwards," xiān might also be
- translated as "for the time being" or
- "right now."
- </para>
- <para>
- Wo xiān zou le, nǐmen mànmānr Right now I’m going to
- excuse chī ba. myself; you take
- your time
- </para>
- <para>
- eating.
- </para>
- <para>
- Nǐ xiān bié Jí, mànmānr zhǎo. For the time being, don’t be
- anxious; take your time looking for it.
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
- <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 5. A:
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Wǒ zhèijiàn xíngli zěnme bàn? What do I do about
- this suitcase Shi bu shi kěyi nashang of
- mine? May I take it onto
- </para>
- <para>
- chē qu? the train?
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- B:
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Keyi bǎ xíngli nashang You may take the
- suitcase onto
- </para>
- <para>
- chē qu. the train.
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- Notes on No. $
- </para>
- <para>
- Zěnme ban means something like "how should
- Csomething! be managed" or "what should be done
- Cabout something!."
- </para>
- <para>
- . Nashang chē qu, "take onto the train," is a
- COMPOUND VERB OF DIRECTION which has been separated by a
- noun object. Na is the verb "to pick up,"
- "to hold," "to take," "to
- bring." The directional endings -shàng,
- "up," "onto,"* and qù, "to
- go," tell you that the action takes place up and away
- from the speaker.
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- ná
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- shang
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- qu
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- (hold
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- up/onto
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- away)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- "to take up/onto"
- </para>
- <para>
- Compound verbs of direction are easily formed, as shown in
- the chart below. The first column contains action verbs
- you have learned which may be used. The endings in the
- middle column are relatively few. For the second part of
- the directional ending, only lái and qù may be used.
- </para>
- <para>
- ACTION
- </para>
- <para>
- Plus
- </para>
- <para>
- DIRECTION
- </para>
- <para>
- ná (to carry)
- </para>
- <para>
- -shàng
- </para>
- <para>
- (up)
- </para>
- <para>
- lái (towards)
- </para>
- <para>
- zǒu (to walk/go)
- </para>
- <para>
- -xià
- </para>
- <para>
- (down)
- </para>
- <para>
- qù (away)
- </para>
- <para>
- bān (to move)
- </para>
- <para>
- -chū
- </para>
- <para>
- (out)
- </para>
- <para>
- pǎo (to run)
- </para>
- <para>
- -jin
- </para>
- <para>
- (in)
- </para>
- <para>
- kāi (to drive)
- </para>
- <para>
- -huí
- </para>
- <para>
- (back)
- </para>
- <para>
- (AND OTHERS)
- </para>
- <para>
- Compound verbs of direction may be two or three syllables:
- chūqu, "to go out"; zǒuchuqu, "to walk
- out"
- </para>
- <para>
- *You have seen shàng used as several different parts of
- speech:
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
- <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- shàng lóu shàng chē shàngbianr shàngge yuè zài
- chēshang náshangqu
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- tO gO UP ^<subscript>FULL</subscript>
- </para>
- <para>
- to get on
- </para>
- <para>
- upper, above (IN PLACE WORDS)
- </para>
- <para>
- last, previously (SPECIFIER)
- </para>
- <para>
- on (LOCATIONAL ENDING Ewith nouns!)
- </para>
- <para>
- up, onto (DIRECTIONAL ENDING Cwith verbs!
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- It is possible to split up a two-part directional ending
- by placing an object or location before the final lai or
- <emphasis role="smallcaps">qù</emphasis><emphasis role="smallcaps">.</emphasis>
- </para>
- <para>
- náshang chē qu take onto the train/bus
- </para>
- <para>
- náchu yìběn shū lai bring out a book
- </para>
- <para>
- xià lóu qu go downstairs
- </para>
- <para>
- A direct object (such as nèiběn shū) may be placed EITHER
- at the beginning of a sentence, using bǎ, OR later in the
- sentence, splitting up the directional ending. Locations
- which are the goal of the action (such as chē and 16u
- above) MUST be placed between the two parts of the
- directional ending.
- </para>
- <para>
- Bǎ xíngli nashang chē qu: In the last sentence of exchange
- 5» the direct object, xíngli, is placed before the verb.
- The location of the action, chē, is placed before the
- final qu. When both a location and a direct object occur
- in a sentence with a multisyllabic directional verb, the
- location is placed between the two syllables of the
- directional ending, and the direct object is moved closer
- to the beginning of the sentence.
- </para>
- <para>
- 6. A: Zhèibān chē you cānchē ba?
- </para>
- <para>
- B: You. You Zhōngcān, yě you Xīcān.
- </para>
- <para>
- A: Hǎojíle.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- This train has a dining car, I suppose?
- </para>
- <para>
- Yes. There’s Chinese food and there’s also Western food.
- </para>
- <para>
- Great.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Note on No. 6
- </para>
- <para>
- The ending -jíle, meaning "extremely,”
- "awfully," may be added to adjectival verbs.
- </para>
- <para>
- Nèige píngguo dàjíle. That apple is huge.
- </para>
- <para>
- Zuò huǒchē fāngbianjíle. Riding the train is extremely
- </para>
- <para>
- convenient.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā zǒude kuàijíle. He walks awfully fast.
- </para>
- <para>
- -Jíle is seldom used in Taiwan.
- </para>
- <para>
- 7. C: Xià yízhàn Jiù shi Shànghǎi le.
- </para>
- <para>
- C: Kuài yào dào zhàn le.
- </para>
- <para>
- C: Nín zhunbèi xià chē ba.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- The next station is Shànghǎi.
- </para>
- <para>
- We are about to arrive at the station.
- </para>
- <para>
- Please get ready to get off the train.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Notes on No. 7
- </para>
- <para>
- Kuài means ’’soon" in the second sentence of exchange
- 7« You have already learned another meaning for kuài:
- "to be fast"
- </para>
- <para>
- In the sentence Kuài yào dào zhàn le, yào is an auxiliary
- verb meaning "will" or "to be going
- to." Other meanings you have learned for yào are
- "to want," "to need," "to have
- to," "to require."
- </para>
- <para>
- New-situation le: The aspect marker le for new situations
- occurs in the first two sentences of No. 7- In Xià yízhàn
- jiù shi Shànghǎi le, the speaker uses le to communicate a
- change in the circumstances: after passing through many
- stations, Shànghǎi will finally be the next station.
- </para>
- <para>
- When a speaker uses le, he is saying that something has
- changed in reference to him or in reference to the
- listener. In the first sentence in No. 7, Shànghǎi itself
- has not changed, but what constitutes the "next
- station" for the speaker and the listener has
- changed.
- </para>
- <para>
- In Kuài yào dào zhàn le, new-situation le marks a change
- which is about to take place—their arrival. Here are
- examples of references to future changes:
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā míngniān Jiù shísuì le. He will be ten (years old) next
- year.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ zǒu le. I’m leaving now. (i’ll be
- leaving
- </para>
- <para>
- now.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Piào kuài yào màiwǎn le. The tickets will soon be
- sold out.
- </para>
- <para>
- Many speakers of English have trouble with new-situation
- le because they would not think of using it when the
- Chinese do. Take note of situations which the Chinese
- consider to be changes, and try to use new-situation le in
- your speech.
- </para>
- </section>
- <section xml:id="drills-5">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark72" /><anchor id="bookmark131" />DRILLS</title>
- <para>
- A. Expansion Drill
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
- <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker; Jīdiǎn zhong kāi?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (cue) huǒchē
- </para>
- <para>
- (What time does it leave?)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Jīdiǎn zhōng kāi? gōnglùjúde chē
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Jídiǎn zhōng kāi? gōnggòng qìchē
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- U. Jīdiǎn zhōng kāi? zhídǎchē
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Jīdiǎn zhōng kāi? tèkuài
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Jīdiǎn zhōng kāi men? yínháng
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Jīdiǎn zhōng kāi měn? yǒuzhèngjú
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B. Response Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker? Zuò sìdiǎn zhōngde chē, laidejí
- ma?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (cue) no
- </para>
- <para>
- (Can we make the four o’clock train?)
- </para>
- <para>
- OR Zuò sìdiǎn zhōngde chē,
- </para>
- <para>
- laidejí ma? (cue) yes
- </para>
- <para>
- (Can we make the four o’clock train?)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Zuò Jiǔdiǎn èrshifēnde chē, láidejí ma?
- no
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Zuò shídiǎn wǔshifēnde chē, láidejí ma?
- yes
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- You: Nèibān huǒchē jīdiǎn zhōng kāi? (What time
- does that train leave?)
- </para>
- <para>
- Nèibān gōnglùjúde chē jīdiǎn zhōng kāi?
- </para>
- <para>
- Nèibān gōnggòng qìchē jīdiǎn zhōng kāi?
- </para>
- <para>
- Nèibān zhídáchē jīdiǎn zhōng kāi?
- </para>
- <para>
- Nèibān tèkuài jīdiǎn zhōng kāi?
- </para>
- <para>
- Nèige yínhang jīdiǎn zhōng kāi men?
- </para>
- <para>
- Nèige yǒuzhèngjú jīdiǎn zhōng kāi men?
- </para>
- <para>
- You: Láibují, yījīng wǎn le.
- </para>
- <para>
- (We can’t make it; we are already late.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Láidejí, hái zǎo ne.
- </para>
- <para>
- (Don’t worry. It’s still early.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Láibují, yījīng wǎn le.
- </para>
- <para>
- Láidejí, hái zǎo ne.
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- U. Zuè qīdiǎn wushifēnde chē, Láibují, yījīng wǎn
- le.
- </para>
- <para>
- láidejí ma? no
- </para>
- <para>
- 5. Zuè sìdiǎn língwǔfēnde chē, Láidejí, hái zǎo ne.
- </para>
- <para>
- láidejí ma? yes
- </para>
- <para>
- 6. Zuò liǎngdiǎn língbāfēnde chē, Láibují, yījīng wǎn le.
- láidejí ma? no
- </para>
- <para>
- C. Expansion Drill
- </para>
- <para>
- D. Substitution Drill
- </para>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Duìbuqī, w3 děi zài zhèr xiūxixiuxi. (cue)
- zhēige dìfang
- </para>
- <para>
- (Excuse me, I must rest here a moment.)
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- You: Duìbuqī, w3 dei zài zhèige dìfang xiūxixiuxi.
- </para>
- <para>
- (Excuse me, I must rest at this place a moment.)
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Zài dìjī zhàntái? You: Dào Shànghǎi
- qùde chē zài dìjī
- </para>
- <para>
- (cue) Shànghǎi zhàntái?
- </para>
- <para>
- (On which platform is (On which platform is the
- </para>
- <para>
- it?)
- </para>
- <para>
- train to Shànghǎi?)
- </para>
- <para>
- 2. Zài
- </para>
- <para>
- dìsān zhàntái.
- </para>
- <para>
- NánjIng
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào NánjIng qùde chē zài dìsān zhàntái.
- </para>
- <para>
- 3. Zài
- </para>
- <para>
- dìjī
- </para>
- <para>
- zhàntái?
- </para>
- <para>
- Guǎngzhōu
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào Guǎngzhōu qùde chē zài dìjī zhàntái?
- </para>
- <para>
- U. Zài
- </para>
- <para>
- dìèr
- </para>
- <para>
- zhàntái.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tiǎnjīn
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào Tiǎnjīn qùde chē zài dìèr zhàntái.
- </para>
- <para>
- 5. Zài
- </para>
- <para>
- dìjí
- </para>
- <para>
- zhàntái?
- </para>
- <para>
- Qīngdǎo
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào Qīngdǎo qùde chē zài dìjí zhàntái?
- </para>
- <para>
- 6. Zài
- </para>
- <para>
- dìyī
- </para>
- <para>
- zhàntái.
- </para>
- <para>
- Hangzhōu
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào Hǎngzhōu qùde chē zài dìyī zhàntái.
- </para>
- <para>
- 7. Zài
- </para>
- <para>
- dìjí
- </para>
- <para>
- zhàntái?
- </para>
- <para>
- Běijīng
- </para>
- <para>
- Dào Běijīng qùde chē zài dìjí
- </para>
- <para>
- zhàntái?
- </para>
- <para>
- 2.
- </para>
- <para>
- Duìbuqǐ, dìfang
- </para>
- <para>
- wǒ děi zài zhèige xiūxixiuxi. jiāli
- </para>
- <para>
- Duìbuqǐ, xiaxi.
- </para>
- <para>
- wǒ děi zài jiāli xiūxi-
- </para>
- <para>
- 3.
- </para>
- <para>
- Duìbuqǐ, xiuxi.
- </para>
- <para>
- wo děi zài jiāli xiūxi-fàndiànli
- </para>
- <para>
- Duìbuqǐ, wǒ děi xiūxixiuxi.
- </para>
- <para>
- zài
- </para>
- <para>
- fàndiànli
- </para>
- <para>
- u.
- </para>
- <para>
- Duìbuqǐ, wǒ děi zài fàndiànli xiūxixiuxi. chēli
- </para>
- <para>
- Duìbuqǐ, xiuxi.
- </para>
- <para>
- wǒ děi
- </para>
- <para>
- zài
- </para>
- <para>
- chēli xiūxi-
- </para>
- <para>
- 5.
- </para>
- <para>
- Duìbuqǐ, xiuxi.
- </para>
- <para>
- wǒ děi zài chēli xiūxi-jiēdàishì
- </para>
- <para>
- Duìbuqǐ, wǒ děi xiūxixiuxi.
- </para>
- <para>
- zài
- </para>
- <para>
- jiēdàishì
- </para>
- <para>
- 6.
- </para>
- <para>
- Duìbuqǐ, wǒ děi zài jiēdàishì xiūxixiuxi. zhèr
- </para>
- <para>
- Duìbuqǐ, xiuxi.
- </para>
- <para>
- wǒ děi
- </para>
- <para>
- zài
- </para>
- <para>
- zhèr xiūxi-
- </para>
- <para>
- 7.
- </para>
- <para>
- Duìbuqǐ,
- </para>
- <para>
- wǒ děi zài zhèr xiūxi-
- </para>
- <para>
- xiuxi.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- E. Expansion Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Repeat the speaker’s statements appropriate.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Wo zhèijiàn xíngli hái zài zhèr.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (This suitcase of mine is still here.)
- </para>
- <para>
- OR Tā yào dào nàr qù.
- </para>
- <para>
- (He wants to go there.)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Wǒ zhèixiē dōngxi hái zài zhèr.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Tā yào dào Wāngfùjǐng Dàjiě qù.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- H. Wo nèixiē xíngli hái zài chēshang.
- </para>
- <para>
- 5. Tā yào dào Shànghǎi qù.
- </para>
- <para>
- 6. Wǒ zhèixiē zázhì hái méi màiwán.
- </para>
- <para>
- and add Zěnme bàn? or Zěnme zou? as
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- You: Wǒ zhèijiàn xíngli hái zài zhèr. Zěnme bàn?
- </para>
- <para>
- (This suitcase of mine is still here. What should I do
- about it?)
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā yào dào nàr qù. Zěnme zou?
- </para>
- <para>
- (He wants to go there. How do I get there Lgo3?)
- </para>
- <para>
- WǑ zhèixiē dōngxi hái zài zhèr.
- </para>
- <para>
- Zěnme bàn?
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā yào dào Wángfǔjīng Dàjiē qù.
- </para>
- <para>
- Zěnme zǒu?
- </para>
- <para>
- Wo nèixiē xíngli hái zài chēshang. Zěnme bàn?
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā yào dào Shànghǎi qù. Zěnme zǒu?
- </para>
- <para>
- Wo zhèixiē zázhì hái méi màiwán.
- </para>
- <para>
- Zěnme bàn?
- </para>
- <para>
- F. Response Drill
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Tāmen you Zhōngcān háishi Xīcān? (cue) yě
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (Do they have Chinese food, or Western food?)
- </para>
- <para>
- OR Tāmen yào zhèige háishi nèige?
- </para>
- <para>
- (cue) dōu
- </para>
- <para>
- (Do they want this or that?)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Nǐmen mǎi zhuōzi háishi yǐzi? yě
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Nǐmen mǎi pánzi háishi wǎn? dōu
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. Tāmen mǎi zhèige hóngde háishi nèige lánde? dōu
- </para>
- <para>
- 5. Tāmen kàn zhèixiē zázhì háishi nèixiē hào? ye
- </para>
- <para>
- 6. Nǐ niàn jīngjixue háishi zhèngzhixué? yǎ
- </para>
- <para>
- You: Tāmen you Zhōngcān, yě you Xīcān.
- </para>
- <para>
- (They have Chinese food and they also have Western food.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Zhèige, nèige, tāmen dōu yào.
- </para>
- <para>
- (They want both this and that.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Women mǎi zhuōzi, yě mǎi yīzi.
- </para>
- <para>
- Pánzi, wǎn, women dōu mǎi.
- </para>
- <para>
- Hóngde, lánde, tāmen dōu mǎi.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tāmen kàn zhèixiē zázhì, yě kàn nèixiē bào.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ niàn Jīngjixue, yě niàn zhèngzhixuē.
- </para>
- <para>
- G. Expansion Drill
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker; Kuài yào dào zhàn le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (We are about to arrive at the station.)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Xià yízhàn Jiù shi Běijīng le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Kuài yào dào Tiānjīn le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. Xià yízhàn jiù shi Nánjīng le.
- </para>
- <para>
- You: Kuài yào dào zhàn le. Women zhùnbèi xià chē ba.
- </para>
- <para>
- (We are about to arrive at the station. Let’s get ready to
- get off.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Xià yízhàn jiù shi Běijīng le. Women zhùnbèi xià chē ba.
- </para>
- <para>
- Kuài yào dào Tiānjīn le. Women zhùnbèi xià chē ba.
- </para>
- <para>
- Xià yízhàn Jiù shi Nánjīng le.
- </para>
- <para>
- Women zhùnbèi xià chē ba.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Kuài yào dào Hangzhōu le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Xià yízhàn jiù shi Shànghǎi le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Kuài yào dào Guǎngzhōu le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Kuài yào dào Hǎngzhōu le. Women zhǔnbèi xià chē ba.
- </para>
- <para>
- Xià yízhàn jiù shi Shànghǎi le. Women zhǔnbèi xià chē ba.
- </para>
- <para>
- Kuài yào dào Guǎngzhōu le. Women zhǔnbèi xià chē ba.
- </para>
- <para>
- H. Expansion Drill
- </para>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Tā keyi nǎshànglǎi ma? (cue) chē
- </para>
- <para>
- (Can he bring it?)
- </para>
- <para>
- You; Tā keyi nǎshàng chē lǎi ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- (Can he bring it in the car?)
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 2. Tā kéyi nǎxiàlǎi ma?
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- lou
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Tā
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- keyi nǎxià lǒu lǎi ma?
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 3. Tā kéyi nǎshàngqù ma?
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- huochē
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Tā
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- keyi nǎshàng huǒchē qù ma?
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- U. Tā kéyi nǎshànglǎi ma?
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- lǒu
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Tā
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- kǎyi nǎshàng lǒu lǎi ma?
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 5. Tā kéyi nǎxiàqù ma?
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- chē
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Tā
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- keyi nǎxià chē qù ma?
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 6. Tā kéyi nǎxiàlǎi ma?
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- huochē
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Tā
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- keyi nǎxià huǒchē lǎi ma?
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 7. Tā keyi nǎshàngqù ma?
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- lōu
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Tā
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- keyi nǎshàng lǒu qù ma?
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- </section>
- <section xml:id="unit-7">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark132" /><anchor id="bookmark133" />UNIT
- 7</title>
- <para>
- </para>
- </section>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <section xml:id="reference-list-6">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark73" /><anchor id="bookmark134" />REFERENCE
- LIST</title>
- <para>
- </para>
- </section>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- (in Beijing)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. A: Lao Song, zěnmeyàng? Mang ne?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B: Bù zěnme máng.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Nǐ you shi ma?
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. A: Wǒ Sìyue Shísìhào yào dào Guangzhou qù. Qǐng ni
- gěi wo ding yìzhāng fēijī piào.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B: Hǎo
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. B: Piào dìnghǎo le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- A: Něihān fēijī? Jǐdian zhōng qǐfēi?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B: Jiǔdiǎn shíwǔfēn qǐfēi.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. A: Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Guangzhou ma?
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B: Shi, zhí fēi Guangzhou.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. A: Cong Sānlǐtún dào fēijīchǎng yào duōshao shíjiǎn?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B: Yào sìshifēn zhōng.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. A: Rúguo wǒ bādiǎn zhōng líkǎi jiǎ, laidejí ha?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B: Laidejí.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. A: Qǐng ni míngtiān zǎoshang pài ge chē lai jiē wo.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B: Hǎo. Wǒ míngtiān hādiǎn zhōng pài chē song ni dào
- fēijīchǎng qu.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Song, how are things going?
- </para>
- <para>
- Are you busy?
- </para>
- <para>
- Not especially busy.
- </para>
- <para>
- Can I do something for you?
- </para>
- <para>
- I’m going to Guangzhou on April 1H. Please reserve a plane
- ticket for me.
- </para>
- <para>
- Sure.
- </para>
- <para>
- The ticket has been reserved.
- </para>
- <para>
- Which flight? What time does it take off?
- </para>
- <para>
- It takes off at 9:15.
- </para>
- <para>
- Does this flight go directly to Guǎngzhōu?
- </para>
- <para>
- Yes, it flies directly to Guǎngzhōu.
- </para>
- <para>
- How much time does it take to go from Sānlǐtún to the
- airport?
- </para>
- <para>
- It takes forty minutes.
- </para>
- <para>
- If I leave home at eight o’clock, I can make it in time.
- Right?
- </para>
- <para>
- Yes.
- </para>
- <para>
- Please send a car to pick me up tomorrow morning.
- </para>
- <para>
- Okay. I’ll send a car at eight o’clock tomorrow to take you
- to the airport.
- </para>
- <para>
- ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY (not presented on C-l and P-1
- tapes)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 8. -hao le
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 9. luguǎn
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 10. shuōhǎo le
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 11. xiǎnghǎo le
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 12. yàoshi
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 13. zuòhǎo le
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- to be satisfactorily completed
- </para>
- <para>
- hotel
- </para>
- <para>
- to have come to an agreement (about something); (something)
- has been agreed on
- </para>
- <para>
- to have reached a conclusion (about something); (something)
- has been thought out
- </para>
- <para>
- if (alternate word for rúguS)
- </para>
- <para>
- to have finished doing (something); (something) has been
- finished
- </para>
- <section xml:id="vocabulary-5">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark39" /><anchor id="bookmark135" />VOCABULARY</title>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
- <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- bù zěnme
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- not especially, not particularly
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- ding dìnghǎo le
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to reserve
- </para>
- <para>
- to have (been) reserved
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- fēi fēijī fēijīchǎng
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to fly airplane airport
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Guǎngzhōu
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- (name of a city in the PRC—Canton)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- -hao le
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to be satisfactorily completed
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Jiē
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to meet/pick up/get (someone)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- lǎo luguǎn
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to be old in years hotel
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- máng
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to be busy
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- pài
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to send/assign (a person to do something)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- qīfēi
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to take off (airplane)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- rúguǒ (ruguo)
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- if
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Sānlǐtún
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- (a district in Běijīng where many Foreign
- diplomats and Chinése people from other
- countries live)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- shuōhao le
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to have come to an agreement (about something);
- (something) has been agreed on
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- xiǎnghǎo le
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to have reached a conclusion (about something);
- (something) has been thought out
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- yàoshi
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- if
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- zhí
- </para>
- <para>
- zuòhǎo le
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- directly
- </para>
- <para>
- to have finished doing (something);
- </para>
- <para>
- (something) has been finished
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- (introduced, on C-2 tape) chū chāi chùzhǎng gǎnbushàng
- </para>
- <para>
- hái hǎo
- </para>
- <para>
- kāi huì
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- to go on a business trip division chief
- </para>
- <para>
- won’t be able to catch (a plane, train, etc.)
- </para>
- <para>
- fairly good/well
- </para>
- <para>
- to attend a meeting/conference
- </para>
- <para>
- <inlinemediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module05TRN-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module05TRN-StudentText-6.png" />
- </imageobject>
- </inlinemediaobject>
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Shànghǎi-made jeep and other vehicles in a parking lot
- outside the train station in Guangzhou
- </para>
- </section>
- <section xml:id="reference-notes-6">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark40" /><anchor id="bookmark136" />REFERENCE
- NOTES</title>
- <para>
- 1. A: Lǎo Song, zěnmeyàng? Mang ne?
- </para>
- <para>
- B: Bù zěnme máng. Nǐ you shi ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- Song, how are things going? Are you busy?
- </para>
- <para>
- Not especially busy. Can I do something for you?
- </para>
- <para>
- Notes on No. 1
- </para>
- <para>
- The greeting zěnmeyàng is more informal than nǐ hǎo a.
- Zěnmeyàng is used only if the two people already know each
- other.
- </para>
- <para>
- Mang ne? and Mang ma? are translated into English as ’’Are
- you busy?” However, the two Chinese questions are not
- interchangeable. When a speaker asks the question Mang ma?
- he really wants to find out whether someone is busy. On
- the other hand, Mang ne? is an example of the Chinese
- custom of greeting a person by stating the obvious. The
- speaker is simply acknowledging the fact that the listener
- is busy. The question mark following Mang ne? shows that
- the speaker is inviting the listener to comment. You might
- think of Máng ne? as something like the English
- "Well, it looks like you are working hard,” which
- invites a response like "Sure am” or "Oh, I’m
- really not doing much of anything."
- </para>
- <para>
- Ne may be used in many sentences to comment on what the
- person being addressed is doing at the moment:
- </para>
- <para>
- Chi fàn ne? Having dinner, I see?
- </para>
- <para>
- Zài zhèr ne? Well, you’re here?
- </para>
- <para>
- Mǎi dōngxi ne? Doing some shopping, eh?
- </para>
- <para>
- These sentences are almost greetings in themselves.
- </para>
- <para>
- The overall intonation of the question Mang ma? is higher
- than that of a statement. The intonation of Mang ne? is
- somewhat lower. Listen carefully to the tape.
- </para>
- <para>
- Bù zěnme may precede a state verb, "not
- especially," "not particularly."
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ bù zěnme xǐhuan nèiběn shū.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ bù zěnme qīngchu.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ jīntiān bù zěnme hǎo.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā bù zěnme you qián.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ bù zěnme xiǎng qù.
- </para>
- <para>
- Contrast bù zěnme with bú zenme, "not
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- The expression would then mean
- </para>
- <para>
- I don’t particularly like that book. I’m not particularly
- clear on this.
- </para>
- <para>
- (This isn’t very clear to me.) I’m not particularly well
- today. He's not especially rich.
- </para>
- <para>
- I don't especially want to go. as much as that":
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Wǒ bú zenme xǐhuan kàn diàn- I don't like to go to the
- movies that yīngr. much, (i.e.,
- as much as someone
- </para>
- <para>
- else Just mentioned)
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ bù zěnme xihuan kàn diàn-yīngr.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- I don’t particularly like to go to the movies.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. A: Wǒ Sìyue Shisìhào yào dào Guangzhou qù. Qǐng ni
- gěi wo ding yìzhāng fēijī piào.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- I’m going to Guangzhou on April 1U. Please reserve a plane
- ticket for me.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Sure.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. B: Piào dìnghǎo le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- A: Neibān fēijī? Jīdiǎn zhōng qīfēi?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B: Jiǔdiǎn shíwǔfēn qīfēi.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- The ticket has been reserved.
- </para>
- <para>
- Which flight? What time does it take off?
- </para>
- <para>
- It takes off at 9:15.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Note on No. 3
- </para>
- <para>
- Dìnghǎo is a compound verb of result. When used as the
- final element in a compound verb of result, hǎo indicates
- that the action described by the initial verb has been
- brought to a successful conclusion.
- </para>
- <para>
- The same form of the verb, dìnghǎo, is used to describe an
- object having something done to it and a person doing
- something to an object.
- </para>
- <para>
- Piào dìnghǎo le. The ticket has been reserved.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ bǎ piào dìnghǎo le. I have reserved the ticket.
- </para>
- <para>
- Here are additional examples of compounds with the
- result-ending -hǎo:
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒmen yījīng shuōhǎo le. We have already come to an
- agreement about it. (We have already talked it out to a
- conclusion.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Nī xiǎnghǎo le meiyou? Have you reached a conclusion yet?
- (Have you thought it out to a conclusion yet?)
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ yījīng bǎ Jīntiān I have already finished making the
- wǎnshàng yào chīde things we are going to eat
- tonight,
- </para>
- <para>
- dōngxi zuòhǎo le.
- </para>
- <para>
- Nīde xíngli zhunbèihǎo Is your luggage ready? le ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- U. A: Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Guǎngzhōu ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- B: Shi, zhí fēi Guǎngzhōu.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Does this flight go directly to Guǎngzhōu?
- </para>
- <para>
- Yes, it flies directly to Guǎngzhōu.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Notes on No. U
- </para>
- <para>
- Zhèibān fēijī, "this flight": In Chinese, the
- specifier zhèi- is used to refer to what has just been
- talked about. In English, "that" and
- "the" are used for the same purpose.
- </para>
- <para>
- The adverb zhí is not used in as many situations as is its
- English translation, "directly,"
- "straight." In other contexts, the word for
- "directly" or "direct" would be
- zhíjiē, and the word for "straight" would be
- yìzhí.
- </para>
- <para>
- 5. A: Cong Sānlǐtún dào fēijīchǎng yào duōshao shíjiān?
- </para>
- <para>
- B: Yào sìshifēn zhōng.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- How much time does it take to go from Sānlǐtún to the
- airport?
- </para>
- <para>
- It takes forty minutes.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- 6. A: Rúguo wō bādiǎn zhōng líkāi Jiā, láidejí ba?
- </para>
- <para>
- B: Láidejí.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- If I leave home at eight o’clock, I can make it in time.
- Right?
- </para>
- <para>
- Yes.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Note on No. 6
- </para>
- <para>
- Rúguo is one of the commonest words in Chinese for
- "if." Another widely used word for
- "if" is yàoshi. (See Additional Required
- Vocabulary, No. 12.) You have already learned that the
- idea of "if" may be conveyed in Chinese without
- any special word:
- </para>
- <para>
- Zuò Gōnglùjú děi xiān mǎi If I take the bus, is it
- necessary piào ma? to buy tickets
- ahead of time?
- </para>
- <para>
- Bādiǎn zhōng líkāi jiā If I leave home at eight
- o’clock,
- </para>
- <para>
- láidejí ba? I can make it in time.
- Right?
- </para>
- <para>
- 7. A: Qǐng ni míngtiān zǎoshang pài ge chē lái jiē wo.
- </para>
- <para>
- B: Hǎo. Wǒ míngtiān bādiǎn zhōng pài chē song ni dào
- fēijīchǎng qu.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Please send a car to pick me up tomorrow morning.
- </para>
- <para>
- Okay. I’ll send a car at eight o’clock tomorrow to take
- you to the airport.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Notes on No. 7
- </para>
- <para>
- The verb pài means "to send/assign someone tto do
- something]."
- </para>
- <para>
- Ge: You have already learned that, when toneless, yíge
- means "a," not "one." In the first
- sentence of exchange 7, you see that yíge can be reduced
- to the one syllable ge. This reduction happens most
- frequently when "a" follows the sentence verb.
- </para>
- <para>
- zhǎo ge rén chī ge píngguS
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- to look for someone (i.e. , a person)
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- to eat an apple
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- The verb jiē means "to meet," as in
- "meeting someone at the station," or "to
- get," "to pick up," as in "I’ll come
- by to get you (pick you up) about eight o’clock."
- </para>
- <para>
- Pài ge chē lái jiē wo, literally "send a car to come
- pick me up": In English, "come" may be
- omitted. In Chinese, lái must separate the action (pài ge
- chē) from the purpose of the action (jiē wo). Either lái
- or qù may be used to mark purpose expressions, depending
- on the direction of the action.
- </para>
- <para>
- The verb song means "to take/escort someone" in
- the last sentence of exchange 7- Song may also mean
- "to send" in the sense of "delivering an
- object," in contrast with the verb pài, which means
- "to send a person."
- </para>
- <para>
- Qǐng pài ge rén dào wo jiā Please send a man over to my
- house, lái.
- </para>
- <para>
- Qǐng bǎ zhuōzi song dao wǒ Please deliver the table to my
- house, jiā qù.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 8. -hǎo le
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 9. luguǎn
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 10. shuōhǎo le
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 11. xiǎnghǎo le
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 12. yàoshi
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 13. zuòhǎo le
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- to he satisfactorily completed
- </para>
- <para>
- hotel
- </para>
- <para>
- to have come to an agreement (about something);
- (something) has been agreed on
- </para>
- <para>
- to have reached a conclusion (about something);
- (something) has been thought out
- </para>
- <para>
- if (alternate word for rúguo)
- </para>
- <para>
- to have finished doing (something); (something) has been
- finished
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Note on Additional Required Vocabulary
- </para>
- <para>
- Luguǎn is the general term for any kind of hotel. When
- following a verb or the prepositional verb zài, luguǎn may
- be followed by the locational ending -li, "in,"
- or there may be no locative ending. This is also the case
- with other place words naming institutions, business
- establishments, and organizations.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā zài zhèige luguǎnli (OR He stayed in this hotel for two
- zài zhèige luguǎn) zhùle months.
- </para>
- <para>
- liǎngge yuè.
- </para>
- </section>
- <section xml:id="vocabulary-booster-1">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark137" /><anchor id="bookmark138" />VOCABULARY
- BOOSTER</title>
- <para>
- Animals
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- tear
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- xióng
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- camel
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- luòtuo
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- cat
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- māo
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- chicken
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- cow
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- niú
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- deer
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- lù
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- dog
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- gǒ<superscript>u</superscript>
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- donkey-
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- lù
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- duck
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- yā
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- elephant
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- xiang
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- fish
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- yfi
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- fox
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- húli
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- goat
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- shānyáng
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- horse
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- ma
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- lion
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- shīzi
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- monkey
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- hóuzi
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- mouse/rat
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- lǎoshù
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- panda
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- xiongmāo
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Pig
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- zhū
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- sheep
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- yang
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- tiger
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- lǎohù
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- turkey
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- huojǐ
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- wolf
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- lang
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- </section>
- <section xml:id="drills-6">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark42" /><anchor id="bookmark139" />DRILLS</title>
- <para>
- </para>
- </section>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- A. Transformation Drill
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Qing ni gěi wo mǎi yìzhāng chuan piào.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (Please buy one boat ticket for me.)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Qing ni gěi Ma Xiānsheng mǎi liǎngzhāng huochē piào.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Qing ni gěi Mao Tàitai mǎi yìzhang gōnglùjúde
- chēpiào.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. Qing ni gěi Lin Xiǎojiě mǎi sǎnzhāng zhídáchēde chēpiào.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Qing ni gěi Liú Ntlshì mǎi sǎnzhāng tèkuàichēde
- chēpiào.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Qing ni gěi Zhōu Xiānsheng mǎi liǎngzhāng fēijī piào.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Qǐng ni gěi Zhào Tàitai mǎi liǎngzhāng chuán piào.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- You: Qing ni gěi wo ding yìzhāng chuán piào.
- </para>
- <para>
- (Please reserve one boat ticket for me.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Qing ni gěi MS Xiānsheng ding liǎngzhāng huochē piào.
- </para>
- <para>
- Qing ni gěi Máo Tàitai ding yìzhāng gōnglùjúde chēpiào.
- </para>
- <para>
- Qing ni gěi Lin Xiǎojiě ding sǎnzhāng zhídáchēde chēpiào.
- </para>
- <para>
- Qing ni gei Liu Nushi ding sǎnzhāng tèkuàichēde chēpiào.
- </para>
- <para>
- Qing ni gěi Zhōu Xiānsheng ding liǎngzhāng fēijī piào.
- </para>
- <para>
- Qing ni gěi Zhào Tàitai ding liǎngzhāng chuán piào.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B. Expansion Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Wǒ yào dào Guǎngzhōu qù. (cue) huochē piào
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (l want to go to Guǎngzhōu.)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Wo yào dào Běijīng qù. fēijī piào
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Wǒ yào dào Nánjīng qù. tèkuàichēde piào
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. Wǒ yào dào Qīngdǎo qù. chuán piào
- </para>
- <para>
- 5. Wǒ yào dào Tiānjīn qù.
- </para>
- <para>
- qìchē piào
- </para>
- <para>
- You: Wǒ yào dào Guǎngzhōu qù, keyi bu keyi ding yìzhāng
- huǒchē piào?
- </para>
- <para>
- (I want to go to Guǎngzhōu.
- </para>
- <para>
- May I reserve a train ticket?)
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ yào dào Běijīng qù, kěyi bu keyi ding yìzhāng fēijī piào?
- </para>
- <para>
- Wo yào dào Nánjīng qù, kěyi bu keyi ding yìzhāng tèkuàichēde
- piào?
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ yào dào Qīngdǎo qù, kěyi bu keyi ding yìzhāng chuán piào?
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ yào dào Tiānjīn qù, kěyi bu keyi ding yìzhāng qìchē piào?
- </para>
- <para>
- 6. Wo yào dào Hangzhōu qù. fēijī piào
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Wǒ yào dào Hangzhōu qù, kéyi bu keyi ding yìzhang fēijī
- piào?
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Wǒ yào dào Sūzhōu qù. zhídáchēde piào
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Wǒ yào dào Sūzhōu qù, kéyi bu keyi ding yìzhang zhídáchēde
- piào?
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- C. Response Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Zuōhǎo le ma? You: Méi zuòhǎo
- ne.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (cue) no (I haven’t finished doing
- it.)
- </para>
- <para>
- (Have you finished
- </para>
- <para>
- doing it?)
- </para>
- <para>
- 2. Shuōhǎo le ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- yes
- </para>
- <para>
- Shuōhǎo le.
- </para>
- <para>
- 3. Xiǎnghǎo le ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- soon
- </para>
- <para>
- Kuài xiǎnghǎo le.
- </para>
- <para>
- U. DÌnghǎo le ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- not yet
- </para>
- <para>
- Hai méi dìnghǎo ne.
- </para>
- <para>
- 5. Shuōhǎo le ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- no
- </para>
- <para>
- Méi shuōhǎo ne.
- </para>
- <para>
- 6. Zuòhǎo le ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- soon
- </para>
- <para>
- Kuài zuōhǎo le.
- </para>
- <para>
- 7. Xiǎnghǎo le ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- not yet
- </para>
- <para>
- Hai méi xiǎnghǎo ne
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- D. Expansion Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Něibán fēijī? (Which flight?)
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- OR Neibān huǒchē? (Which train?)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Neibān qìchē?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Neibān fēijī?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- You: Neibān fēijī? Jidiǎn zhōng qlfēi?
- </para>
- <para>
- (Which flight? What time does it take off?)
- </para>
- <para>
- Neibān huǒchē? Jidiǎn zhōng kāi?
- </para>
- <para>
- (Which train? What time does it leave?)
- </para>
- <para>
- Neibān qìchē? Jidiǎn zhōng kāi?
- </para>
- <para>
- Neibān fēijī? Jidiǎn zhōng qlfēi?
- </para>
- <para>
- U. Neibān zhídǎchē?
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- 5. Neibān tèkuàichē?
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- 6. Neibān fēijī?
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Neibān zhídǎchē? Jīdiǎn zhōng kāi?
- </para>
- <para>
- Neibān tèkuàichē? Jīdiǎn zhong kāi?
- </para>
- <para>
- Neibān fēijī? Jīdiǎn zhōng qīfēi?
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- E. Substitution Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Guangzhou ma? (cue)
- Nānjīng (Does this flight go
- </para>
- <para>
- directly to Guǎngzhōu?)
- </para>
- <para>
- You: Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Nānjīng ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- (Does this flight go directly to Nānjīng?)
- </para>
- <para>
- 2. Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi
- </para>
- <para>
- Nānj īng
- </para>
- <para>
- Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Shànghǎi ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- Shànghǎi
- </para>
- <para>
- 3. Zhèibān ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- fēijī zhí fēi Běijīng
- </para>
- <para>
- Shànghǎi
- </para>
- <para>
- Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Běijīng ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- U. Zhèibān ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- fēijī zhí fēi Wǔhàn
- </para>
- <para>
- Běijīng
- </para>
- <para>
- Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Wǔhàn ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- 5. Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Sūzhōu
- </para>
- <para>
- Wuhàn ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Sūzhōu ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- 6. Zhèibān
- </para>
- <para>
- fēijī zhí fēi
- </para>
- <para>
- Sūzhōu ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Qīngdǎo ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- Qīngdǎo
- </para>
- <para>
- 7. Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Qīngdǎo ma?
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- F. Transformation Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Cóng Sānlitún dào huōchēzhàn yào duōshao
- shíjiǎn? (cue) duōshaofēn zhōng
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (How much time does it take to go from Sānlitún to the train
- station?)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Cóng Dōngdān dào Wǎngfǔjlng Dàjiē yào duōshao
- shíjiǎn? duōshao shíhou
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Cong Changān Jiē dào Rìtánlù yào duōshao shíjiǎn?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Jìfēn zhōng
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 4. Cong Běijīng dào Guǎngzhōu yào duōshao shíjiǎn?
- jitiān
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Cong Nǎnjīng dào Shànghǎi yào duōshao shíjiǎn?
- duōshao xiǎoshí
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Cong Hǎngzhōu dào Guǎngzhōu yào duōshao shíjiǎn?
- duōshao xiǎoshí
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Cong GuǎnghuǎltL dào huōchēzhàn yào duōshao shíjiǎn?
- duōshaofēn zhōng
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- You: Cóng Sānlitún dào huōchēzhàn yào duōshaofēn zhōng?
- </para>
- <para>
- (How many minutes from Sānlitún to the train station?)
- </para>
- <para>
- Cong Dōngdān dào Wǎngfǔjlng Dàjiē yào duōshao shíhou?
- </para>
- <para>
- Cōng Chǎngǎn Jiē dào Rìtǎnlù yào jifēn zhōng?
- </para>
- <para>
- Cong Běijīng dào Guǎngzhōu yào jitiān?
- </para>
- <para>
- Cong Nǎnjīng dào Shànghǎi yào duōshao xiǎoshí?
- </para>
- <para>
- Cóng Hǎngzhōu dào Guǎngzhōu yào duōshao xiǎoshí?
- </para>
- <para>
- Cōng Guǎnghuǎlǔ dào huōchēzhàn yào duōshaofēn zhōng?
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- G. Transformation Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Rúguō wō bǎdiǎn zhōng líkǎi jiǎ, lǎidejí ma?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (If I leave home at eight o’clock, can I make it?)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Rúguō wō shídiǎn zhōng líkǎi xuǎxiào, lǎidejí ma?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- You: Rúguō wō bǎdiǎn zhōng líkǎi jiǎ, shěnme shíhou dào?
- </para>
- <para>
- (If I leave home at eight o’clock, what time will I arrive?)
- </para>
- <para>
- Rúguō wō shídiǎn zhōng líkǎi xuexiào, shěnme shíhou dào?
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. RÚguS Lí Xiānsheng shíyīdiǎn shifēn líkāi Dàshiguǎn,
- láidejí ma?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. Ruguo Zhang Nushì shíyuè qíhào líkāi zhèli, láidejí ma?
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Rúguo tā sìdiǎnbàn líkāi fàndiàn, láidejí ma?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Ruguo ni zǎoshang qīdiǎn zhong líkāi jiā, láidejí ma?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Rúguo tāmen xiànzài líkāi chēzhàn, láidejí ma?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Rúguo Lǐ Xiānsheng shíyīdiǎn shífēn líkāi Dàshiguǎn, shenme
- shíhou dào?
- </para>
- <para>
- Rúguo Zhāng Nushì shíyuè qíhào líkāi zhèli, shenme shíhou
- dào?
- </para>
- <para>
- Rúguo tā sìdiǎnbàn líkāi fàndiàn, shenme shíhou dào?
- </para>
- <para>
- Rúguo ni zǎoshang qīdiǎn zhong líkāi jiā, shénme shíhou dào?
- </para>
- <para>
- Rúguo tāmen xiànzài líkāi chēzhàn, shénme shíhou dào?
- </para>
- <para>
- H. Expansion Drill
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Qīng ni lái jiē wo. (Please pick me up.)
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- You: Qīng ni pài ge chē lái jiē wo. (Please send a car to
- pick me up.)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Qīng ni lái jiē ta.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Qīng ni qù jiē tamen.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Qīng ni qù Jiē ta.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Qīng ni song wo qù.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Qīng ni lái jiē ta.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Qīng ni song tamen qù.
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Qīng
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- ni
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- pài ge chē lái jiē ta.
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Qīng
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- ni
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- pài ge chē qù jiē tamen.
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Qīng
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- ni
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- pài ge chē qù jiē ta.
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Qīng
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- ni
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- pài ge chē song wo qù.
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Qīng
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- ni
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- pài ge chē lái jiē ta.
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Qīng
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- ni
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- pài ge chē sòng tamen qù.
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- I. Expansion Drill
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Wo song ni dào fēijīchǎng qù.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (I’ll take you to the airport.)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. W3 song ni dào huochēzhàn qù.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. W3 sǒng ni dào qìchēzhàn qù.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- U. Wo sǒng ni dào tā jiā qù.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. W3 sǒng ni dào yínhang qù.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Wo song ni dào dàshiguǎn qù.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Wo sǒng ni dào fēijīchǎng qù.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- You: Wǒ pài chē song ni dào fēijīchǎng qù.
- </para>
- <para>
- (I’ll send a car to take you to the airport.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ pài chē sǒng ni dào huochēzhàn qù.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ pài chē sǒng ni dào qìchēzhàn qù.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ pài chē sǒng ni dào tā Jiā qù.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ pài chē song ni dào yínhang qù.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ pài chē sǒng ni dào dàshiguǎn qù.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ pài chē sǒng ni dào fēijīchǎng qù.
- </para>
- <section xml:id="unit-8">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark140" /><anchor id="bookmark141" />UNIT
- 8</title>
- <para>
- </para>
- </section>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <section xml:id="reference-list-7">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark51" /><anchor id="bookmark142" />REFERENCE
- LIST</title>
- <para>
- </para>
- </section>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- (in Běijīng)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. B: Hǎo Jiǔ měi Jiàn, nín chū men le ba?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- A: Shi a, wo yōu dào Guǎngzhōu qu le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. B: Nín wèishěnme gang huílai, yōu qù le ne?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- A: Wō zhèicì dào Guǎngzhōu qù shi yīnwei wǒ you yige hěn
- hǎode pěngyou cǒng Xiǎnggǎng lǎi.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. A: Women you y ini an měi Jiàn le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- A: Tā qǐng wo pěi ta yìqī qù lùxíng.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. A: Sānge yuè yīqiǎn wǒ zài Guǎngzhōu, nèige shíhou tǎ hǎi
- bù zhídào něng bu něng lǎi.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. B: Nīmen dōu qùguo shěnme dìfang?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- A: Nǎnjīng, Shànghǎi, Hǎngzhōu, Sūzhōu, dōu qù le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- Hǎngzhōu zhēn shi piàoliang.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. A: You Jīhui wǒ yào zài qù yícì.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. A: Zhèixiē dìfang nī dōu qùguo le ba?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B: Měi dōu qùguo. Wo hǎi měi qùguo Sūzhōu.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- I haven’t seen you for a long time, You have been away, I
- suppose?
- </para>
- <para>
- Yes, I went to Guǎngzhōu again.
- </para>
- <para>
- Why did you go again when you had Just come back from there?
- </para>
- <para>
- This time I went to Guǎngzhōu because I had a very good
- friend coming there from Hong Kong.
- </para>
- <para>
- We had not seen each other for a year.
- </para>
- <para>
- She asked me to accompany her (in her) travels.
- </para>
- <para>
- Three months ago, when I was in Guǎngzhōu, she didn’t know
- yet whether she would be able to come or not.
- </para>
- <para>
- What places did you go to?
- </para>
- <para>
- We went to Nǎnjīng, Shànghǎi, Hǎngzhōu, and Sūzhōu. Hǎngzhōu
- is really beautiful.
- </para>
- <para>
- If I have the chance, I would like to go again.
- </para>
- <para>
- You have gone to all those places, I suppose?
- </para>
- <para>
- I haven’t been to all of them. I still haven’t been to
- Sūzhōu.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 8. huí guó
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 9. huí jiā
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 10. huíqu
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- ADDITIONAL REQUIRED (not presented on C-
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 11. rènao
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 12. you yìsi
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 13. méi(yǒu) yìsi
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- 1U. suǒyǐ (suóyi)
- </para>
- <para>
- VOCABULARY
- </para>
- <para>
- •1 and P-1 tapes)
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- to return to one’s native country
- </para>
- <para>
- to come/go home
- </para>
- <para>
- to go back to be lively/bustling/noisy to be interesting
- </para>
- <para>
- to be uninteresting therefore, so
- </para>
- <section xml:id="vocabulary-6">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark44" /><anchor id="bookmark143" />VOCABULARY</title>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- chū men (chū ménr)
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to go out, to go away from home, to go out of
- town
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- gang
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- only a short while ago, just
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Hangzhou
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- (a city in Zhejiang Province in the PRC,
- formerly spelled Hangchow)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- hāo jiu
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- a long time
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- huí
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to return to, to go back to
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- huí guō
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to return to one’s native country
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- huí jiā
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to return home
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- huílai
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to come back
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- huíqu
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to go back
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- jiàn
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to meet, to see
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Jīhui
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- opportunity, chance
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- méi(you) yìsi
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to be uninteresting
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- něng
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- can; to be able to
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- péi
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to accompany
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- piàoliang
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to be beautiful
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- qing
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to request, to invite
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- rènao
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to be lively/bustling/noisy
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- suōyl (suoyi)
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- therefore, so
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Sūzhōu
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- (a city in Jiāngsū Province in the PRC, formerly
- spelled Soochow)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- wèishénme
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- why
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- ylnwei
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- because
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- yìql
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- together, along with
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- yōu
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- again (with completed actions)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- you yìsi
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to be interesting
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- zài
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- again (with uncompleted actions)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- (introduced on C-2 and P-2 tapes)
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- huār kāile
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- the flowers have bloomed (literally, ’’opened”)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- jiānglái
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- in the future
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- shōudao
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to receive
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- ySumíngde dìfang
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- famous place
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- zuìJin
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- recently
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- <inlinemediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module05TRN-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module05TRN-StudentText-7.png" />
- </imageobject>
- </inlinemediaobject>
- </para>
- <para>
- Běijīng Workers' Stadium
- </para>
- </section>
- <section xml:id="reference-notes-7">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark45" /><anchor id="bookmark144" />REFERENCE
- NOTES</title>
- <para>
- 1. B: Hǎo jiǔ méi Jiàn, nín chū men le ba?
- </para>
- <para>
- A: Shi a, wo yòu dào Guǎngzhōu qu le.
- </para>
- <para>
- I haven’t seen you for a long time You have been away, I
- suppose?
- </para>
- <para>
- Yes, I went to Guǎngzhōu again.
- </para>
- <para>
- Notes on No. 1
- </para>
- <para>
- Hǎo jiǔ, ’’very long”: In this phrase, the word hǎo means
- ’’very.” Some additional examples of this use of hǎo are
- </para>
- <para>
- hǎo dà very large
- </para>
- <para>
- hǎo duō rén a good many people
- </para>
- <para>
- hǎo Jitiān quite a few days
- </para>
- <para>
- Persons from Taiwan frequently use hǎo, ’’very,” before
- another hǎo, as in Hǎo hǎowǎn! "What fun!” and Hǎo
- hǎochī! "Delicious!” Speakers from Bǎijīng think that
- this repetition of hǎo sounds bad.
- </para>
- <para>
- The verb Jiàn means ”to see someone” in the sense of ”to
- visit/talk with someone." The verb kànjian is used
- for "to see” in the sense of "to perceive an
- object."
- </para>
- <para>
- Chū mén means "to go out," "to go away from
- home," "to go out of town"; literally,
- "to go out the door."
- </para>
- <para>
- Yōu is the word for "again" which is used with
- completed actions. (See notes on No. 6 for
- "again" with actions that have not been
- completed.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Òu, nī yòu lǎi le! Oh, you have come again!
- </para>
- <para>
- Qìshuī yòu méiyou le. We are out of soda again.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā zuétiān méi shàng kè. Yesterday he didn’t attend class.
- </para>
- <para>
- Jīntiān yòu méi shàng kè. Today, again, he didn’t attend
- class.
- </para>
- <para>
- 2. B: NÍn wèishénme gang huílai, you qù le ne?
- </para>
- <para>
- A: W3 zhèicì dào GUǎngzhōu qù shi yīnwei wǒ you yige hen
- hāode péngyou cóng Xianggang lai.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Why did you go again when you had just come back from
- there?
- </para>
- <para>
- This time I went to Guangzhou because I had a very good
- friend coming there from Hong Kong.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Notes on No. 2
- </para>
- <para>
- Wèishénme, ’’why," follows the subject in the first
- sentence of exchange 2. This question word usually occurs
- in that position. (In English, ’’why” always precedes the
- subject.)
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Ni
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- wèishénme
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- you qù le ne?
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- (Why
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- did you go again?)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- Sometimes wèishénme precedes the subject of a sentence:
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Wèishénme
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- tā
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- méi qù?
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Tā
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- wèishénme
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- méi qù?
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- ’’Why didn’t he go?”
- </para>
- <para>
- Gang, "only a short while ago,"
- "Just": The first sentence in the exchange could
- also be translated as "Why, having just come back
- from there, did you go again?"
- </para>
- <para>
- The adverb gang is used in sentences describing something
- that has just been done, in other words, completed action.
- But notice that the marker le for completion is not used
- here. The marker le is added when the focus is on whether
- or not the action has been performed, not on when or how
- it was performed. Gang is often used in sentences
- emphasizing the recentness of an action, not the fact that
- it was done; therefore le is not used.
- </para>
- <para>
- Ni shi shénme shíhou láide? When did you come here?
- </para>
- <para>
- Gang lái. I Just got here.
- </para>
- <para>
- Ni mèimei zài bu zài? Is your little sister here?
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā gang z3u. She just left.
- </para>
- <para>
- Huí, "to return," "to go back": Like
- chù, "to go out," and jin, "to
- enter',<superscript>1</superscript>*' huí must be followed
- by either a place word or a directional ending.
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="2">
- <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
- <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- huí Bèijing huíguo huíj iā huílai huíqu
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to return to Bèijīng
- </para>
- <para>
- to return to one’s native country to return home
- </para>
- <para>
- to come back
- </para>
- <para>
- to go back
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- The meaning of huílai is not as broad, as that of the
- English translation "to come back,” which has two
- meanings: 1) to come from someplace else to the original
- place (”He leaves for work at eight and doesn’t come back
- till six.”) and 2) to come another time ("Mr. Wang
- isn’t in today; come back tomorrow.") Huílai means
- "to return to a particular place." To say
- "to come another time" in Chinese, you would use
- an adverb meaning "again" and the verb lái. For
- example,
- </para>
- <para>
- Wang Xiānsheng Jīntiān bú zài, qing ni míngtiān zài lái.
- </para>
- <para>
- Nèige ren zuótiān you lái zhāo ni, nǐ bú zài.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Mr. Wáng isn't in today; please come back tomorrow.
- </para>
- <para>
- That guy came back looking for you yesterday, but you were
- out.
- </para>
- <para>
- Ne: Because of the question word wèishenme,
- "why," the first sentence in exchange 2 is
- clearly a question. The marker ne is not needed to
- indicate a question, but does give an added ring of
- inquisitiveness to the sentence. Questions ending in ne
- often seem to be asking for definite answers.
- </para>
- <para>
- Yǐnwei, "because": Here are some
- </para>
- <para>
- Nǐ wèishénme méi lái?
- </para>
- <para>
- Yǐnwei wo hěn máng.
- </para>
- <para>
- Nǐ wèishenme láiwān le?
- </para>
- <para>
- Yǐnwei wo zǒucuò le.
- </para>
- <para>
- Nǐ wèishenme you qù le?
- </para>
- <para>
- Yǐnwei wǒde péngyou cóng Xiānggǎng lái.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- simpler sentences containing yǐnwei:
- </para>
- <para>
- Why didn't you come?
- </para>
- <para>
- Because I was very busy.
- </para>
- <para>
- Why did you come late?
- </para>
- <para>
- Because I made a wrong turn.
- </para>
- <para>
- Why did you go again?
- </para>
- <para>
- Because my friend was coming from Hong Kong.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- The word order in the second sentence of exchange 2 may be
- described in terms of a pattern:
- </para>
- <para>
- SENTENCE shi yǐnwei SENTENCE
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ zhèicì dào wǒ yǒu yige hěn
- </para>
- <para>
- Guangzhōu qù hǎode péngyou
- </para>
- <para>
- cóng Xiānggǎng lái.
- </para>
- <para>
- The phrase hěn hǎode péngyou contains the marker of
- modification -de. The modifying phrase ADVERB + ADJECTIVAL
- VERB (e.g., zuì xiǎo, tài gāo) is followed by -de.
- Therefore hǎo péngyou does not need -de, but hěn hǎode
- péngyou does.
- </para>
- <para>
- The verb yǒu is translated in the past tense in the second
- sentence of this exchange: "I HAD a . . . friend
- coming." Notice that there is no completed-action
- marker in the sentence. Yǒu cannot be used with a
- completed-action marker because it is a STATE verb, not an
- action verb. (See notes on Nos. 7-8 in BIO, Unit 8, and on
- No. h in this unit.)
- </para>
- <para>
- 3.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- A: Women you yìnián méi jiàn le. We had not seen each
- other for a year.
- </para>
- <para>
- A: Tā qǐng wo péi ta yìqī qù She asked me to accompany her
- (in her) luxíng. travels.
- </para>
- <para>
- Notes on No. 3
- </para>
- <para>
- You yìnián méi: To state the period of time within which
- something has not happened, place the amount of time in
- front of the negative and the verb. The verb you may be
- placed in front of the amount of time.
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="4">
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Women
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- (you)
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- sānnián
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- méi Jiàn le.
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- (as for us
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- there have been
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 3 years
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- haven’t met)
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- "We haven’t seen each other for three years."
- </para>
- <para>
- In this example, new-situation le might be translated as
- "as of now."
- </para>
- <para>
- When you are talking about a period of time within which
- something will not happen, the same pattern is used, but
- you may NOT be added:
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Wǒ
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- liāngtiān
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- bù chīfàn.
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- "I’m not going to eat for two days."
- </para>
- <para>
- The verb qǐng, which you have already learned as
- "please," means "to request Ethat a person
- do something!" or "to invite." Normally,
- when you qǐng someone to take a trip or to go out, you are
- saying that you will pay all expenses.
- </para>
- <para>
- 4. A: Sānge yuè yǐqián wǒ zài Guǎngzhōu, nèige shíhou tā
- hái bù zhīdào néng bu néng lái.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Three months ago, when I was in Guǎngzhōu, she didn’t know
- yet whether she would be able to come or not.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Notes on No. 4
- </para>
- <para>
- Yǐqián, "ago": You have already seen yǐqián used
- after a phrase to mean "before."
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ shàng bān yǐqián, wo mǎi Before I start work, I will
- buy diǎnr chide. something to eat.
- </para>
- <para>
- In No. U, yiqián is used after an amount of time to mean
- ’'ago."
- </para>
- <para>
- Liǎngnián yiqián, wǒ meiyou Two years ago, I didn’t have a
- car. qìchē.
- </para>
- <para>
- Neng, "can," "to be able to," "to
- be capable of": The most general word in Chinese for
- "to be able to" is neng. The meanings of neng
- and keyi "to be permitted by someone" or
- "permissible according to some rules or
- conventions," overlap.
- </para>
- <para>
- Nèige shíhou tā hái bù zhīdào: The negative is bù, even
- though the sentence refers to the past. The negative mei
- cannot be used here because it is the negative of
- completed action. The verb zhīdao, like the verb you and
- adjectival verbs such as hǎo, is a state verb and cannot
- be thought of as completed.
- </para>
- <para>
- Since the negative of a state verb is the same in the
- present and past tenses, the intended time must be
- discovered from the context. One reason for using nèige
- shíhou in No. H is to make the time reference very clear.
- </para>
- <para>
- STATE VERBS include all adjectival verbs, auxiliary verbs,
- and a few other verbs. Here are some examples:
- </para>
- <para>
- STATE VERBS
- </para>
- <para>
- Adjectival Verbs
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- YīJiǔsānyīnián dōngxi dōu bú guì.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ zài Déguode shíhou bú huì shuō Déguo huà.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ yiqián bù xǐhuan niàn shū.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Auxiliaries Others
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- dà
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- huì
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- shi
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- xiǎo
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- kéyi
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- zài
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- X
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- gui
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- neng
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- you
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- piányi
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- děi
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- xing
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- kuài
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- bú bì
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- Jiào
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- màn
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- yào
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- zhīdao
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- duō
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- xiǎng
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- xīhuan
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- shǎo gāoxìng
- </para>
- <para>
- In 1931, everything was inexpensive
- </para>
- <para>
- When I was in Germany, I couldn't speak German.
- </para>
- <para>
- Before, I didn’t like to study.
- </para>
- <para>
- Bù zhīdào neng bu neng lái, "didn't know if she would
- be able to come": The object of the verb zhīdao is a
- choice-type question, néng bu neng lái. Here are more
- examples of this usage:
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ bù zhīdào hái yǒu meiyou. I don’t know if there are any
- left.
- </para>
- <para>
- Nī wènwen tā mǎile meiyou. Ask him if he bought it.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ xiǎng zhīdao tāmen lái I would like to know if
- they are
- </para>
- <para>
- bu lái. coming or not.
- </para>
- <para>
- English-speaking students of Chinese are often tempted to
- translate "if" as rúguō or yàoshi; to do so,
- however, is wrong. The following rule may help you
- remember to use a choice-type question: Whenever the
- "if" in an English sentence means
- "whether," use a choice-type question in
- Chinese. For example, "I would like to know if they
- are coming" means "I would like to know whether
- they are coming"; therefore, in Chinese, you would
- use a choice-type question as the object of the verb
- zhidao.
- </para>
- <para>
- 5. B: Nǐmen dōu qùguo shénme dìfang?
- </para>
- <para>
- A: Nánjīng, Shànghǎi, Hangzhōu, Sūzhōu, dōu qù le.
- Hangzhou zhēn shi piàoliang.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- What places did you go to?
- </para>
- <para>
- We went to Nánjīng, Shànghǎi, Háng-zhōu, and Sūzhōu.
- Hángzhōu is really beautiful.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Notes on No. 5
- </para>
- <para>
- Nīmen dōu qùguo shenme dìfang? is ambiguous. It could mean
- either "What places did all of you go to?" or
- "What are all the places that you went to?"
- </para>
- <para>
- You already know that dōu may refer to an object when that
- object precedes the verb, in topic position. (See the
- second sentence in exchange 5.)
- </para>
- <para>
- In this first sentence of the exchange, dōu is referring
- to an object which occurs after the verb. When an object
- includes a question word, it is not placed before dōu in
- the sentence.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā dōu qùguo shenme dìfang? What are all the places that
- he went to?
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā dōu niànguo shénme shū? What are all the books that she
- has read?
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā dōu mǎiguo shénme dōngxi? What are all the things that
- he bought ?
- </para>
- <para>
- The shi in Hángzhōu zhēn shi piàoliang has been added for
- emphasis. Shi is not required before adjectival verbs.
- </para>
- <para>
- 6. A: You JIhui wō yào zài qù yícì. If I have the chance,
- I would like
- </para>
- <para>
- to go again.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Notes on No. 6
- </para>
- <para>
- The adverb zài means ’’again” in talking about actions
- that have not been completed. (This adverb was translated
- previously in your text as ’’then” in commands.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Míngtiān zài lái ba! Come again tomorrow.
- </para>
- <para>
- Qing ni zài shuō yícì. Please say it again.
- </para>
- <para>
- Yícì means ’’one occurrence of going,” or ’’one trip,” in
- this sentence. (The English translation does not include
- an equivalent of yícì.)
- </para>
- <para>
- 7. A: Zhèixiē dìfang ni dōu qùguo le ba?
- </para>
- <para>
- B: Mei dōu qùguo. Wō hai méi qùguo Sūzhōu.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- You have gone to all those places, I suppose?
- </para>
- <para>
- I haven’t been to all of them. I still haven’t been to
- Sūzhōu.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Note on No. 7
- </para>
- <para>
- Mei dōu, ’’not all": In the second sentence of
- exchange 7> the negative méi precedes the adverb dōu.
- Placing a negative before dōu instead of after it changes
- the meaning of the phrase. Compare the sentences below:
- </para>
- <para>
- Tāmen dōu bù lai.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tāmen bù dōu lái.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wō dōu méi qùguo.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wo méi dōu qùguo.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- They are all not coming. (All of them are not coming.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Not all of them are coming.
- </para>
- <para>
- I haven’t been to any of them.
- </para>
- <para>
- I haven’t been to all of them.
- </para>
- <informaltable>
- <tgroup cols="3">
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <colspec align="left" />
- <tbody>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 8.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- huí guó
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to return to one's native country
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 9-
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- huí jiā
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to come/go home
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 10.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- huíqu
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to go back
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 11.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- rènao
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to be lively/bustling/noisy
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 12.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- you yìsi
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to be interesting
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 13.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- méi(you) yìsi
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- to be uninteresting
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- <row>
- <entry>
- <para>
- 1U.
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- suǒyǐ (suóyi)
- </para>
- </entry>
- <entry>
- <para>
- therefore, so
- </para>
- </entry>
- </row>
- </tbody>
- </tgroup>
- </informaltable>
- <para>
- Note on Additional Required Vocabulary
- </para>
- <para>
- Suǒyǐ (also pronounced suóyi) is the word
- "therefore,” ”so.”
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ hen máng, suoyi méi qù. I was very busy, so I didn’t
- go.
- </para>
- <para>
- In Chinese sentences expressing cause and result, the
- pattern yinwei... suoyi... is preferred. English speakers
- often find difficulty in using this pattern because it
- sounds unnatural in English to say "Because I was
- very busy, so I didn’t go." In English, either
- "because" or "so" would be omitted;
- but, in Chinese, both yīnwei and suoyi are often retained.
- </para>
- <para>
- Yinwei wǒ hěn máng, suoyi méi qù.
- </para>
- <para>
- Yinwei tā shi hǎo xuésheng, suoyi lǎoshī dōu xǐhuan ta.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Yīnwei wǒ méiyou hùzhào, suóyi xiànzài wǒ hái bù néng
- líkǎi.
- </para>
- <para>
- Yinwei wǒ yào dào Zhōngguo qù, suóyi wǒ yào xué Zhōngwén.
- </para>
- <para>
- Yinwei wǒ méiyou chē, suóyi wǒ bù néng zhùde lí xuéxiào
- tài yuǎn.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Notice that suóyi always precedes the
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- I was very busy, so I didn’t go. (OR "Because I was
- very busy, I didn’t go.")
- </para>
- <para>
- Because he is a good student, all the teachers like him.
- </para>
- <para>
- I don't have a passport, so I can't leave yet. (OR
- "Because I don't have a passport, I can’t leave
- yet.")
- </para>
- <para>
- I have to learn Chinese because I'm going to go to China.
- </para>
- <para>
- I don’t have a car, so I can't live too far away from
- school. (OR "Because I don't have a car, I can't live
- too far away from school.")
- </para>
- <para>
- subject of the sentence.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Suóyi may also mean "that's why...":
- "That's why you came here by plane." Suóyi ni
- shi zud fēijī láide. When used this way, the word suóyi is
- stressed.
- </para>
- </section>
- <section xml:id="drills-7">
- <title><anchor id="bookmark145" /><anchor id="bookmark146" />DRILLS</title>
- <para>
- A. Transformation Drill
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Tā chū mén le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (He has gone out.)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Tā dào Zhōngguo qù le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Tā niàn shū le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. Tā shàngqu le.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Tā dào péngyou Jiā qù le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Tā lái le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Tā huíqu le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- You; Tā yōu chū mén le ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- (Has he gone out again?)
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā yōu dào Zhōngguo qù le ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā yōu niàn shū le ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā yōu shàngqu le ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā yōu dào péngyou Jiā qù le ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā yōu lái le ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā yōu huíqu le ma?
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- B. Expansion Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Wǒ yào kàn yíge péngyou.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (I want to see a friend.)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Wǒ yào mai yìběn Zhōngguo zìdiǎn.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Tā xiǎng mǎi yige huāpíng.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. Tā yào kànkan mùqin.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Tā dǎsuan qù huàn yìdiǎn qián.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Tā xiǎng xué ZhŌngwén.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Tā dǎsuan mǎi yìdiǎn dōngxi.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- You: Wo zhèicì qù shi yào kàn yíge péngyou.
- </para>
- <para>
- (The reason I’m going this time is Cthat3 I want to see a
- friend.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Wo zhèicì qù shi yào mǎi yìbān Zhōngguo zìdiǎn.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā zhèicì qù shi xiǎng mǎi yige huāpíng.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā zhèicì qù shi yào kànkan muqin.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā zhèicì qù shi dǎsuan qù huàn yìdiǎn qián.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā zhèicì qù shi xiǎng xué Zhōngwén.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā zhèicì qù shi dǎsuan mǎi yìdiǎn dōngxi.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- C. Substitution Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: W3 yǒu yìnián měi qù le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (cue) kànjian ta
- </para>
- <para>
- (I haven’t gone for a year.)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Wǒ you yìnián měi kànjian ta le. dào Shànghǎi qù
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Wǒ you yìnián měi dào Shànghǎi qù le. kàn
- Zhōngwěn bào
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- h. Wǒ you yìnián měi kàn Zhōngwěn bào le. qù kàn ta
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Wǒ yǒu yìnián měi qù kàn ta le. zuò fēijī
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Wǒ you yìnián méi zuò fēijī le. dào zhèr lái
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Wǒ you yìnián méi dào zhèr lái le.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- You: Wo yǒu yìnián méi kànjian ta le.
- </para>
- <para>
- (I haven’t seen him for a year.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ yǒu yìnián méi dào Shànghǎi qù le.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ you yìnián měi kàn Zhongwěn bào le.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wo you yìnián měi qù kàn ta le.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wo you yìnián méi zuò fēijī le.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ yǒu yìnián méi dào zhèr lái le.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- D. Transformation Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Wǒ gēge qīng wo péi ta qù lùxíng.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (My older brother asked me to accompany him tin hisJ
- travels.)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Wǒ jiějie qīng wo péi ta qù mǎi dōngxi.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Wǒ àiren qīng wo péi ta qù kàn péngyou.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. Zhang Tongzhì qīng wo péi ta dào Beijīng qù.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Lī Tǒngzhì qīng wo péi ta dào bǒwùguǎn qù.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- You: Wo dei péi wo gēge qù luxíng. (I must accompany my
- older brother tin hisl travels.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ děi péi wǒ Jiějie qù mǎi dōngxi
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ děi péi wǒ àiren qù kàn péngyou
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ děi péi Zhang Tongzhì dào Běijīng qù.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wo děi péi Lī Tǒngzhì dào běwùguǎn qù.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Tā qǐng wo péi ta qù mǎi shū.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wǒ dei péi ta qù mǎi shū.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Tā qǐng wo péi ta qù huàn qian.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wo děi péi ta qù huàn qian.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- E. Substitution Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Tā nèige shíhou hāi bù zhīdào néng bu néng
- lai.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (cue) shénme shíhou
- </para>
- <para>
- (At that time he did not yet know whether or not he would
- be able to come.)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Tā nèige shíhou hāi bù zhīdào shénme shíhou lāi.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- xīngqījǐ
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Tā nèige shíhou hāi bù zhīdào xīngqījǐ lāi. kéyi bu
- keyi
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. Tā nèige shíhou hāi bù zhīdào kéyi bu keyi lāi. jǐyuè
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Tā nèige shíhou hāi bù zhīdào jǐyuè lāi. néng bu
- néng
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Tā nèige shíhou hāi bù zhīdào néng bu néng lāi.
- Jǐhào
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Tā nèige shíhou hāi bù zhīdào jǐhào lāi.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- You: Tā nèige shíhou hāi bù zhīdào shénme shíhou lāi.
- </para>
- <para>
- (At that time he did not yet know what time to come.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā nèige shíhou hāi bù zhīdào xīngqījǐ lāi.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā nèige shíhou hāi bù zhīdào kéyi bu keyi lāi.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā nèige shíhou hāi bù zhīdào jǐyuè lāi.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā nèige shíhou hāi bù zhīdào néng bu néng lāi.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā nèige shíhou hāi bù zhīdào jǐhào lāi.
- </para>
- <para>
- F. Response Drill
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Nǐmen dōu qùguo shénme dìfang?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (cue) Shanghai, NánJīng
- </para>
- <para>
- (What places did you go to?)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2, Nǐmen dōu qùguo shénme dìfang? nǐ shuōde
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Nǐmen dōu niànguo shénme? zhèngzhixué, JīngJixué
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- H. Nǐmen dōu mǎi shénme le? zhuōzi, pánziwǎn
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Nǐmen zuōtiān dōu mǎi shénme le? shū, zázhì
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Nǐmen dōu yào shénme yánsède? lánde, hongde
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Nǐmen Jīntiān dōu qùguo shénme dìfang? bowùguǎn,
- zhǎnlǎnguǎn
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- You: Shànghǎi, Nánjīng women dōu qù le.
- </para>
- <para>
- (We went to both Shànghǎi and Nánjīng.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Nī shuōde nèixiē dìfang women dōu qù le.
- </para>
- <para>
- Zhèngzhixué, JīngJixué women dōu niàn le.
- </para>
- <para>
- Zhuōzi, pánziwǎn women dōu mǎi le
- </para>
- <para>
- Shū, zázhì women dōu mǎi le.
- </para>
- <para>
- Lánde, héngde women dōu yào.
- </para>
- <para>
- Bowùguǎn, zhǎnlǎnguǎn women dōu qù le.
- </para>
- <para>
- G. Transformation Drill
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1, Speaker; Tāmen dōu lái le ma? (cue) not all
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (Did they all come?)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Tāmen dōu qù le ma? none
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Tāmen dōu zǒu le ma? not all
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. Tāmen dōu mǎi le ma? none
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Tāmen dōu mài Zhōngguo shū ma? not all
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- You: Tāmen méi dōu lái.
- </para>
- <para>
- (Not all of them came.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Tāmen dōu méi qù.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tāmen méi dōu zǒu.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tāmen dōu méi mǎi.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tāmen bù dōu mài Zhōngguo shū.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Shànghǎi, Běijīng, Nánjīng tāmen dōu qùguo le ma?
- not all
- </para>
- <para>
- Tāmen méi dōu qùguo.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Tāmen dōu méi láiguo.
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Tāmen dōu láiguo ma? none
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- H. Transformation Drill
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Wǒ míngtiān yào zài qù yícì.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (Tomorrow I want to go again.)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Tā hòutiān yào zài lái yícì.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Tā míngnián yào zài niàn yícì.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- U. Wǒ xiàge yuè yào zài kàn yícì.
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Tā xiàge xingqī yào zài zuò yicì.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Wǒ xiàwǔ yào zài xue yícì.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Tā xiàge Xīngqīyī yào zài kāi yícì.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- You; Wǒ zuotiān you qùle yícì.
- </para>
- <para>
- (Yesterday I went again.)
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā qiántiān you láile yícì.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā qùnián you niànle yícì.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wo shàngge yuè you kànle yícì.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tà shàngge xīngqī yòu zuòle yícì.
- </para>
- <para>
- Wo shàngwǔ yòu xuele yícì.
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā shàngge Xīngqīyī yòu kSile yícì
- </para>
- <para>
- I. Transformation Drill
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 1. Speaker: Nǐmen dōu qùguo shenme dìfang?
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- (cue) zhèige dìfang (What places did you go to?)
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 2. Nīmen dōu māi shénme le? shū
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 3. Nīmen dōu yào shénme? mǎi lánde
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- H. Nīmen dōu zhùguo shénme fàndiàn? nèige fàndiàn
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 5. Nīmen dōu niànguo shénme? zhèngzhixué
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 6. Nīmen dōu kàn shénme diànyīng le? zhèige diànyīng
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- 7. Nīmen dōu xing shénme? Lī
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- You: Nīmen dōu qùguo zhèige dìfang ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- (Did all of you go to this place?)
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Nīmen dōu mǎi shū le ma?
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Nīmen dōu yào mǎi lánde ma?
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Nīmen dōu zhùguo nèige fàndiàn ma?
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Nīmen dōu niànguo zhèngzhixué ma?
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Nīmen dōu kàn zhèige diànyīng le ma?
- </para>
- <para>
- Nīmen dōu xing Lī ma?
- </para>
- <literallayout>
- </literallayout>
- <para>
- Expansion Drill
- </para>
- <para>
- Speaker; Tā you qù le.
- </para>
- <para>
- (cue) huílai
- </para>
- <para>
- (He’s gone again.)
- </para>
- <para>
- You; Tā wèishénme gang huílai you qù le ne?
- </para>
- <para>
- (Why did he go again when he had just come back?)
- </para>
- <para>
- you
- </para>
- <para>
- lāi le.
- </para>
- <para>
- huíqu
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā wèishénme le ne?
- </para>
- <para>
- gāng huíqu you lāi
- </para>
- <para>
- i'a
- </para>
- <para>
- you
- </para>
- <para>
- zǒu le.
- </para>
- <para>
- huílai
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā wèishénme le ne?
- </para>
- <para>
- gāng huílai you zou
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā
- </para>
- <para>
- you
- </para>
- <para>
- huíqu le.
- </para>
- <para>
- lāi
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā wèishénme le ne?
- </para>
- <para>
- gāng lāi you huíqu
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā
- </para>
- <para>
- you
- </para>
- <para>
- huílai le.
- </para>
- <para>
- qù
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā wèishénme ne?
- </para>
- <para>
- gāng qù you huílai le
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā
- </para>
- <para>
- you
- </para>
- <para>
- huílai le.
- </para>
- <para>
- zǒu
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā wèishénme le ne?
- </para>
- <para>
- gāng zǒu you huílai
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā
- </para>
- <para>
- you
- </para>
- <para>
- qù le.
- </para>
- <para>
- huílai
- </para>
- <para>
- Tā wèishénme le ne?
- </para>
- <para>
- gāng huílai yòu qù
- </para>
- <para>
- 13U
- </para>
- <para>
- <superscript><link linkend="footnote1">1</link></superscript><anchor id="bookmark83" />
- </para>
- <para>
- Zuò appeared earlier in Zuò diàntī dào èrlou, "Take
- the elevator to the second floor."
- </para>
- <para>
- <superscript><link linkend="footnote2">2</link></superscript><anchor id="bookmark84" />
- </para>
- <para>
- Adjectival verbs are one type of STATE verb. See BIO, Unit
- 6.
- </para>
- <para>
- <superscript><link linkend="footnote3">3</link></superscript><anchor id="bookmark85" />
- </para>
- <para>
- For a discussion of the use of shì bu shi before another
- verb to form a question, see MON, Unit 5, notes on No. 8.
- </para>
- <para>
- <superscript><link linkend="footnote4">4</link></superscript><anchor id="bookmark92" />
- </para>
- <para>
- This exchange occurs on the P-1 tape only.
- </para>
- <para>
- <superscript><link linkend="footnote5">5</link></superscript><anchor id="bookmark102" />
- </para>
- <para>
- This exchange occurs on the C-l tape only.
- </para>
- <para>
- <superscript><link linkend="footnote6">6</link></superscript><anchor id="bookmark103" />
- </para>
- <para>
- This exchange occurs on the P-1 tape only.
- </para>
- <para>
- <superscript><link linkend="footnote7">7</link></superscript><anchor id="bookmark106" />
- </para>
- <para>
- An object which follows the verb is nonspecific unless
- marked as specific with zhèi or nèi.
- </para>
- <para>
- <superscript><link linkend="footnote8">8</link></superscript><anchor id="bookmark107" />
- </para>
- <para>
- The literal meaning of the verb yòng is "to
- use."
- </para>
- <para>
- <superscript><link linkend="footnote9">9</link></superscript><anchor id="bookmark112" />
- </para>
- <para>
- The speakers on tape always say zuò Gōnglùjúde chē for
- what is written here as zuò Gōnglùjú. Both expressions are
- acceptable. (See notes on No. 2.)
- </para>
- <para>
- <superscript><link linkend="footnote10">10</link></superscript><anchor id="bookmark115" />
- </para>
- <para>
- In DIR, Unit U, you learned kànjian, "to see,"
- literally "look-perceive."
- </para>
- <para>
- <superscript><link linkend="footnote11">11</link></superscript><anchor id="bookmark120" />
- </para>
- <para>
- This exchange occurs on the C-l tape only.
- </para>
- <para>
- <superscript><link linkend="footnote12">12</link></superscript><anchor id="bookmark121" />
- </para>
- <para>
- This exchange occurs on the P-1 tape only.
- </para>
- <para>
- <superscript><link linkend="footnote13">13</link></superscript><anchor id="bookmark124" />
- </para>
- <para>
- Gonglǐ is one of the nouns used without a counter.
- </para>
- </section>
- </section>
- </section>
- </section>
- </section>
- </article>
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