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+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>GERMAN Basic Course</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"/></head><body><div xml:lang="en" class="book" title="GERMAN Basic Course"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="d5e1"/>GERMAN Basic Course</h1></div><div><h2 class="subtitle">UNITS 1 - 12</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="orgname">Foreign Service Institute</span></h3></div></div></div><hr/></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl><dt><span class="preface"><a href="#d5e10">Preface</a></span></dt><dt><span class="preface"><a href="#d5e18">Introduction</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#d5e40">1. Unit 1</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e42">Basic sentences: <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wir sind in
+                    Deutschland</em></span></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e819">Notes on pronunciation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e1083">Notes on grammar</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e1379">Substitution drill.</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e1646">Variation drill</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e2359">Translation drill </a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e2492">Response drill </a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e2727">Conversation practice</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e2878">Situations</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e2895">Finder list</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="#d5e3329">2. </a></span></dt></dl></div><div class="colophon"><h2 class="title"><a id="d5e7"/></h2><p/></div><div class="preface" title="Preface"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="d5e10"/>Preface</h2></div></div></div><p> This Basic Course in German has been designed to assist United States Government
+            representatives who require a command of spoken German. The general concept of this text
+            has grown out of the plan of Spoken Language courses prepared under the auspices of the
+            American Council of Learned Societies during World War II. But pattern drills and other
+            exercises have been developed extensively at the Foreign Service Institute to provide a
+            much fuller manipulation of forms and patterns, and a conscious attempt has been made to
+            adapt situations and vocabulary to specific needs of the Foreign Service. And the course
+            is intended to lay a solid foundation for comprehensive language skills, providing
+            systematically for the development of reading proficiency based on oral- aural skills. </p><p>This text is the end-product of several years of work and has benefited from the
+            labors of many members and former members of the FSI staff. In its present form it was
+            prepared under the supervision of Or. Samuel A. Brown, who has had overall
+            responsibility for the arrangement of situation­al material and for the organization and
+            presentation of structural features. Particular credit for the dialogs and much of the
+            drill material goes to Mrs. Use Christoph. Mrs. Christoph has been assisted by Mrs.
+            Maria-Luise Bissonnette, Mr Friedrich Lehmann, Mr. Gerhard Matzel, Mrs. Margarete
+            Plischke and Mrs. Erika Quaid. A most valuable contribution was also made by Mrs. Quaid
+            in preparing the major part of the typescript, assisted by Miss Geneviève Ducastel. The
+            project has been a cooperative venture, however, and all members of the German staff
+            have contributed freely the fruit of their classroom experience and the gifts of their
+            imagination and insight.<span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="Images/Fsi-GermanBasicCourse-Volume1-StudentText-4.png"/></span></p><p> H. E. Sollenberger Dean, School of Languages Foreign Service Institute</p></div><div class="preface" title="Introduction"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="d5e18"/>Introduction</h2></div></div></div><p> AIM </p><p>It is the aim of the course to provide the student with a useful control of the
+            structure of the spoken language and of a basic vocabulary which meets at least some of
+            the specialized needs of the Foreign Service. After completion of the basic course the
+            Foreign Service Officer should be able to make limited practical use of the language in
+            his official duties and social obligations. He will furthermore have the means, given
+            the proper surroundings and personal motivation, for continued rapid and efficient
+            development of proficiency. </p><p>MATERIALS </p><p>The materials in this first volume of the text are organized into twelve lessons or
+            units. Each unit contains a set of basic sentences for memorization. These are in the
+            form of a dialog based on one or sometimes two specific situations in which a person
+            might find himself in Germany. Notes to the basic sentences are provided as necessary to
+            clarify occasional difficulties in vocabulary and idiom and to provide additional
+            background on some cultural features unfamiliar to Americans. Notes on pronunciation are
+            included in each of the first eight units. Phonological features which have been found
+            to be particularly difficult for American students are here presented with explanations
+            and pronunciation practice drills. The notes on grammar in each unit single out those
+            structural features illustrated in the basic sentences which are appropriate for
+            systematic consideration at that stage in the course. Substitution drills provide for
+            the manipulation of forms by substituting specific items in fixed sentence frames. They
+            are in­tended to build habits of association, so that in a given syntactic environment
+            the appropriate grammatical form automatically comes to mind. As the German vocabulary
+            is all familiar, no English equivalents are given in these drills. Variation drills
+            provide for the manipulation of larger syntactic patterns. In each group a model
+            sentence, underscored, serves as a guide. Associated with it are additional sentences
+            incorporating the same syntactic pattern but in which most of the individual word items
+            have been replaced. English equivalents are given to serve as cues for recall of the
+            German variant sentences. Vocabulary drills provide both practice in the use of new
+            vocabulary items and also allow for manipulation of sentence elements whose particular
+            form and arrangement depends upon their association with that vocabulary item. The
+            manipulation of both variation and vocabulary drills depends on the use of English
+            equivalents. Specific translation drills are also provided, however. In most cases they
+            present the material of the basic dialog in the form of a narrative. They thus provide
+            content review of the basic sentences and practice in the transformation from active
+            dialog to descriptive narration. The response drills are question and answer drills on
+            the situations of the basic dialogs. Conversation practice and additional situations in
+            out­line bridge the gap to free conversation with small pieces of supplementary dialog
+            for acting out and situations providing for a freer play of the student's imagination.
+            The finder list in each unit notes all new vocabulary which has been presented. </p><p>METHOD AND PROCEDURE </p><p>This is a course in Spoken German; the forms and patterns of the language are
+            intentionally colloquial. The emphasis in instruction is everywhere on speech, and an
+            indispensable component of the learning process is the voice of a tutor, or instructor,
+            whose native language is German. On no account should the student attempt to use these
+            materials without either a native instructor or recordings of a native instructor's
+            voice. The method of instruction incorporates guided imitation. repetition,
+            memorization, pattern practice. and conversation. </p><p>Working under the supervision of a linguist the tutor's role is to serve as a model
+            for speech and to guide the student to accurate imitation by constant repetition and
+            correction. The student's Job is to watch and listen to the tutor carefully and to
+            imitate as exactly as he can the sounds which he hears. He must be prepared for constant
+            cor­rection and repetition. Each time however the instructor will give him a model to
+            follow by repeating the item first. The student should never attempt to read from his
+            text but should always wait until he hears the word or utterance as the tutor speaks it
+            for him. As far as possible he should leave his book closed during the presentation of
+            new dialog material and keep his eyes on the tutor, students will be asked to repeat in
+            chorus and individually and will be expected to re­peat many, many times, even when
+            their imitation has been good and accurate. Only by constant repetition after an
+            authentic model for speech can habitual fluent and accurate reproduction of the sounds
+            and forms of the foreign language be achieved. </p><p>The basic sentences are preceded by "build-ups" giving the com­ponent parts of the
+            utterance separately. Each new item which is introduced appears first as a build-up. The
+            tutor will ask the students to repeat the build-ups separately first, then combined into
+            larger units and finally the complete new sentence or utterance. The basic sentences are
+            sub-divided into numbered sections, each to be treated as a unit, repeated in chorus and
+            individually, with and with­out build-ups, until the students' imitation is
+            satisfactory. Then a new section may be begun. The time required to cover each section
+            in this way will differ widely depending on the size and ability of the class. After
+            acceptable imitation and accurate pronunciation has been achieved in one or more
+            sections they are assigned for memorization outside of class or repeated in class until
+            memorized. The student should be able to give either the German sentence or its English
+            equivalent on request or switch from one to the other and back again. The tutor will
+            drill by repeating each sentence for each student in the class, then by giving each
+            student a different sentence, repeating it for him first, and finally asking the
+            students to recite the sentences in order, the first student the first sentence, the
+            second student the second sentence, etc., without receiving a cue from the instructor.
+            Repetition outside of class, preferably using recorded materials as a guide, should be
+            continued to the point of over-learning. The student should not only be able to give the
+            correct German sentence immediately upon hearing an English equivalent, at random
+            selection, he should also be able to give the correct German sentence with equal ease
+            and speed of response upon hearing its German cue. As a final step the students are
+            expected to act out the basic dialog in entirety from memory, with the tutor or with
+            other students. Only when the basic sentences have been mastered to this extent can they
+            be considered to provide an adequate basis for control of the spoken language. It should
+            be noted at this point that the English text accompanying the basic sentences is not
+            primarily a translation but rather a set of conversational equivalents. Many apparent
+            discrepancies will be found if the student, or the tutor, looks for word-for-word
+            correspondence between the English and German text. It does not exist. Rather, in such
+            and such a situation this is what is said in German and this is what is said in English. </p><p>The pronunciation practice drills are to be taken up after the presentation of the
+            basic sentences has been completed and memorization has been started. Items are arranged
+            in groups according to the particular phonological feature concerned. Words in vertical
+            columns present the same phonological feature in different environments. Several columns
+            in a practice group contain related phonological features or related phonological
+            environments in which the same feature recurs. Words are to be repeated first in chorus
+            and then individually by each student after the tutor, at first following the vertical
+            columns and later, for variation and comparison, horizontally across the page.
+            Particular attention should be paid to items in contrast. These are minimum meaningfully
+            distinctive sound patterns, accurate control of which is important for communication and
+            comprehension. Contrasting word pairs are linked by a dash, and after separate practice
+            for accuracy the items should be repeated by pairs to bring out the exact distinctions
+            between them. </p><p>The notes on grammar are earmarked for home study. After each unit has been started
+            and the first hour or more has been spent in class on repetition of the basic sentences
+            the student should read through the grammar notes to acquaint himself with the
+            grammatical points presented in that unit. During the whole time a particular unit is
+            being worked on in class the student should continue to study the grammar section. Many
+            questions which he may feel tempted to raise in class will be found to be answered in
+            the notes on grammar. The tutor is specifically requested not to discuss the language
+            with his students, and the students are asked not to ply him with questions. Time in
+            class is to be spent using and manipulating the language and not in talking about it. In
+            each unit one or more grammatical features are presented, and the basic sentences have
+            been designed, as far as is possible consistent with natural expression, to incorporate
+            and illustrate those features. Each point of grammar discussed is illustrated by
+            sentences which are natural utterances in the language. They are taken in nearly every
+            case from the basic sentences of the current or preceding units. Thus the examples are
+            already familiar to the student, and the patterns they contain, which will be drilled
+            and practiced in the sections to follow, are patterns which the student has already
+            begun to assimilate by memorizing the sentences of the dialog. </p><p>After the basic sentences of a unit have all been repeated several times and
+            memorization has been well begun, work can be started on the drills. The material is
+            designed to provide a maximum of additional experience in using the forms and patterns
+            of the language learned in the basic sentences. It is not assumed, however, that the
+            learner is automatically able to transfer the experience gained in the basic sentences
+            to error-free manipulation of these forms and patterns. The drills are by no means a
+            test of what the student can do with the elements given him. It is a matter of no great
+            importance whether he can or cannot "figure them out" by himself. The goal is to learn
+            to speak the language accurately and fluently, and this aim can only be achieved by
+            correct repetition of the forms and patterns involved. Therefore all the sentences in
+            each drill group are first to be repeated after the tutor in their correct form. The
+            tutor then cues each student in turn for repetition of one of the drill sentences until
+            all students have given all sentences correctly. </p><p>In the substitution drills the model sentence and all its variants are first repeated
+            in chorus after the tutor. He then gives the model sentence again, the class repeats it
+            in chorus, after which each student is cued individually with an item to be substituted
+            and repeats the sentence with the substitution called for. in some cases the cue is the
+            exact form which fits into the sentence. In some cases a cue is given which requires the
+            student to choose the proper form to fit the syntactic environment of the model.
+            Regardless of which type of cue is given or how simple or complex the exercise may
+            appear to be, the student's task is to make the substitution without hesitation and to
+            repeat the sentence accurately at normal conversational speed. Although no English
+            equivalents are given in the substitution drills and the first task is rapid, fluent and
+            accurate manipulation of the material in German. the tutor may ask for spot translations
+            into English here and there, and on the second or third repetition of the drill he may
+            give English equivalents as word or sentence cues in place of the German cues provided. </p><p> In most of the variation drills and in all of the vocabulary drills the cues take the
+            form of equivalent English sentences. Basic procedure remains the same as in the
+            substitution drills. All sentences in a given variation or vocabulary group are first
+            repeated after the tutor in their correct form. The tutor then gives the pattern
+            sentence again, and the students repeat it in chorus, after which they are required
+            individually to recall and repeat the correct German sentences for which an English
+            equivalent is given. Students may work with their books open here, covering up the
+            right-hand side of the page on Which the German sentences are printed and taking their
+            cues from the English sentences on the left-hand side of the page. </p><p>Conversion drills require the conversion of one or more elements in a sentence from
+            one form to another - singular to plural, present tense to past tense, etc. No English
+            is provided for these sentences as a rule. However, as in the substitution drills the
+            tutor may ask for a random spot translation into English, and he may go through the
+            drill a second or third time giving English sentence cues for which the student gives
+            the German equivalent. </p><p>Translation and response drills, as noted above, are in most cases directly related to
+            the basic sentences. In translation drills the procedure is similar to that followed in
+            variation and vocabulary drills. Students may work with their books open, covering the
+            German text and reading the English sentences themselves, or if preferred, books may be
+            left closed while the tutor gives the English equivalents. In the response drills it is
+            often appropriate for the tutor to address two or three questions to the same student
+            and then two or three more to the next, so that the drill takes on a more natural
+            character of conversation­al interchange. Both drills should be repeated in entirety
+            several times, however, or until all students have had a chance to respond to all items. </p><p> It will be noted that all drill material is provided with both a cue and a correct
+            response, so that all may be prepared by the student outside of class and repeated and
+            practiced by him as often as necessary to achieve complete accuracy and fluency. In many
+            cases there is more than one possible response to a given cue, and instructors are
+            encouraged to accept all responses which are truly equivalent. If a correct response has
+            been given, however, instructors are not to suggest variant forms which may occur to
+            them, as this only introduces unnecessary complexity of choice to an exercise which is
+            difficult enough as it is. </p><p>In the conversation practice brief conversations, usually on the same theme as the
+            basic dialog, are read through by the tutor three or four times while students listen.
+            Then the tutor takes one role while one student takes the other, and they repeat the
+            conversation together. The student's aim here is not primarily to memorize and repeat
+            exactly, but to give as accurate an equivalent as possible in his own words. After
+            acting out the conversation with the tutor the student goes through it again with
+            another student, he in turn with the next student, and so on until all have taken both
+            parts in the dialog. </p><p>The situations are brief descriptions, in English in the earlier units, later in
+            German, of occurrences similar to those on which the basic dialogs are based. Two or
+            more students then act out what has been described in their own way and using their ov.i
+            words. They are free to use their imagination and fill in any supplementary details that
+            occur to them. The whole conversation should not be prolonged however more than four or
+            five minutes maximum duration. Then other students may try their hand at the same
+            situation. </p><p>The narratives, beginning with the fifth unit, are designed for reading purposes. In
+            the early units they introduce a minimum of additional vocabulary and unfamiliar forms,
+            and they may be used in the class for oral narration, the student re-telling in his own
+            words what he has read. In later units some features of expository prose - matters of
+            both form and style - which differ from normal spoken usage are introduced through the
+            narratives in order to bridge the gap between conversational German and those reading
+            skills of a specialized nature which require particular study and attention. </p><p>The ultimate goal of the course, as has been stated above, is to speak accurately,
+            fluently and easily. The text provides for the assimilation of all basic forms and
+            patterns of the language by the guided imitation, memorization, and manipulation of a
+            large number of sentences and by practice in confronting several widely occurring
+            every­day situations. Actual living use of the language in free conversation is a
+            necessary and essential adjunct. The tutor should therefore encourage his students from
+            the start to use the language in every way possible, above and beyond what is provided
+            for in the text. After the first few days of work both students and tutors should avoid
+            the use of English in the classroom for any purpose at all, and they are encouraged to
+            speak German outside the classroom as well. Only by constant use of the skill he is
+            learning can the student hope to master it and retain it as a useful tool of his
+            profession.</p></div><div class="chapter" title="Chapter 1. Unit 1"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="d5e40"/>Chapter 1. Unit 1</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e42">Basic sentences: <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wir sind in
+                    Deutschland</em></span></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e819">Notes on pronunciation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e1083">Notes on grammar</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e1379">Substitution drill.</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e1646">Variation drill</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e2359">Translation drill </a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e2492">Response drill </a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e2727">Conversation practice</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e2878">Situations</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="#d5e2895">Finder list</a></span></dt></dl></div><div class="section" title="Basic sentences: Wir sind in Deutschland"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="d5e42"/>Basic sentences: <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wir sind in
+                    Deutschland</em></span></h2></div></div></div><table id="d5e45"><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center"> I </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> good morning </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> guten Morgen
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Good morning. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Guten Morgen.
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> Mr. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Herr </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> Becker </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Becker </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> Mr. Becker </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Herr Becker
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Good morning, Mr. Becker. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Guten Morgen, Herr Becker.
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> day </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Tag </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Hello (Good day). </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Guten Tag.
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> Mrs. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Frau </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> Kunze </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Kunze </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> Mrs. Kunze </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Frau Kunze
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Hello , Mrs. Kunze. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Guten Tag, Frau Kunze.
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> evening </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Abend </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Good evening. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Guten Abend.
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> Miss </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Fräulein
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> Schneider </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Schneider
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> Miss Schneider </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Fräulein Schneider
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Good evening, Miss Schneider. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Guten Abend, Fräulein
+                            Schneider. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d5e122"><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center"> II </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Hello, Miss Schneider. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Guten Tag, Fräulein Schneider. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Hello, Mr. Becker. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Guten Tag, Herr Becker. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> how </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wie
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> goes </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> geht
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> it </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> es
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> to you, with you </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Ihnen </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> How are you? (how goes it with you?) </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            geht es Ihnen? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> thanks </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            danke </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> very </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sehr
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> good, well </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> gut
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Fine, Thanks. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Danke, sehr gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> and </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> und
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> And how are you, Mr. Becker? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Und
+                            wie geht es Ihnen, Herr Becker? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> also, too </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> auch
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Thank you, I’m fine too. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Danke, auch gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d5e187"><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center"> III </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> understand </td>
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> verstehen
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> you </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Do you understand Mrs. Kunze? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Verstehen Sie Frau Kunze? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> no </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> nein
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> I </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ich
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> I understand </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ich
+                            verstehe </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> not </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            nicht </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> No, I don't understand Mrs. Kunze. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, ich verstehe Frau Kunze nicht. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> me </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> mich
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Do you understand me? </td>
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verstehen Sie
+                            mich? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> yes </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ja
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Yes, I understand you well. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            ich verstehe Sie gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d5e240"><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center"> IV </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> where </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wo
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> is </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ist
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> the airport </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der
+                            Flughafen </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Where's the airport? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo
+                            ist der Flughafen? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> there </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> dort
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> over there </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            drüben </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> The airport is over there. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der
+                            Flughafen ist dort drüben. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> please </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            bitte </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> I beg your pardon. What did you say? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            bitte? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> speak </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            sprechen </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> slow, slowly </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            langsam </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Please speak slowly. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Sprechen Sie bitte langsam. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> The airport is over there. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der
+                            Flughafen ist dort drüben. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Do you understand? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Verstehen Sie? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> thank you </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            danke schön </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Yes, I understand. Thank you. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            ich verstehe. Danke schön. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> you're welcome </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            bitte schön </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> You're welc ome. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Bitte schön. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d5e317"><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center"> V</td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> that </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> the railroad station </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der
+                            Bahnhof </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Is that the railroad station? </td>
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist das der
+                            Bahnhof? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> No, that' not the station. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, das ist nicht der Bahnhof. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> he, it </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> er
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> to the left </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            links </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> It's there to the left. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Er
+                            ist dort links. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> the restaurant </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das
+                            Restaurant </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Is the restaurant there too? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            das Restaurant auch dort? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> it </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> es
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Yes, it's there too. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            es ist auch dort. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d5e366"><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center"> VI</td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> what </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> was
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> there </td>
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> da
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> What's that there? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Was
+                            ist das da? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> the hotel </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das
+                            Hotel </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> That's the hotel. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das
+                            ist das Hotel. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> here </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> hier
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> to the right </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            rechts </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> the embassy </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die
+                            Botschaft </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Is the embassy here to the right? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            die Botschaft hier rechts? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> she, it </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sie
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Yes, it's here to the right. </td>
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, sie ist hier
+                            rechts. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d5e415"><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center"> VII</td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> excuse me the cafe </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Verzeihung das Cafe </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Excuse me, where is the cafe? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Verzeihung, wo ist das Cafe? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> straight ahead </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            geradeaus </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> There, straight ahead. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Dort, geradeaus. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> the bank isn't it? (not true?) </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die
+                            Bank nicht wahr </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> The bank is there too, isn't it? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die
+                            Bank ist auch da, nicht wahr? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Yes, it's there too. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            sie ist auch da. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> thanks </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            danke </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Thanks. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Danke. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> you're welcome </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            bitte </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> You're welcome. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Bitte. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d5e464"><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center"> VIII</td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Good morning. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Guten Morgen. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> I would like </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ich
+                            möchte </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> with pleasure </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> gern
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> I'd like very much </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ich
+                            möchte gern </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> some cigars </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Zigarren </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> to have </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            haben </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> I'd like to have some cigars. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich
+                            möchte gern Zigarren haben. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> how many </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wie
+                            viele </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> All right. How many? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Gern. Wie viele? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> five </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> fünf
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> and </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> und
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> some matches </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Streichhölzer </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> Five, and some matches too, please. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Fünf, und bitte auch Streichhölzer. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Here you are. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Hier, bitte. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> how much </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wie
+                            viel </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> costs </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            kostet </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> How much does that cost? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            viel kostet das? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> the cigars </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die
+                            Zigarren </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> cost </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            kosten </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> two </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> zwei
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Mark </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Mark
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> The cigars cost two Marks. </td>
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Zigarren
+                            kosten zwei Mark. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> the matches </td>
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die Streichhölzer
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> ten </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> zehn
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> penny, pennies </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Pfennig </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> The matches cost ten pennies. </td>
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Streichhölzer
+                            kosten zehn Pfennig. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> would like </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            möchten </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> would you like </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            möchten Sie </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> some cigarettes </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Zigaretten </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Would you like to have some cigarettes
+                        too? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Möchten Sie auch Zigaretten haben? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> they </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sie
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> they cost </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sie
+                            kosten </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Yes, how much do they cost? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            wie viel kosten sie? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> one </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> eine
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> One Mark. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Eine
+                            Mark. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Here you are. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Bitte schön</em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Thank you. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Danke schön. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d5e617"><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center"> IX</td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Good evening. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Guten Abend. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> to eat </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            essen </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Would you like to eat? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Möchten Sie essen? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> sausage and sauerkraut </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Yes, sausage and sauerkraut please. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut, bitte. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> some, a little </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            etwas </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> bread </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Brot
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> And a little bread. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Und
+                            etwas Brot. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d5e654"><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center"> X</td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> the wine </td>
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der Wein
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> How's the wine, and how's the beer? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            ist der Wein und wie ist das Bier? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> are </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sind
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> The wine and the beer are good. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der
+                            Wein und das Bier sind gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> but </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> aber
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> the coffee </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der
+                            Kaffee </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> But the coffee's not good. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Aber
+                            der Kaffee ist nicht gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> the tea </td>
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der Tee
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> not ... either </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> auch
+                            nicht </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> And the tea isn't good either. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Und
+                            der Tee ist auch nicht gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> the milk </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die
+                            Milch </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> Is the milk good? </td>
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist die Milch
+                            gut? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Yes, the milk is very good. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            die Milch ist sehr gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> the water </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das
+                            Wasser </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> How's the water here? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            ist hier das Wasser? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> The water is good. </td>
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das Wasser ist
+                            gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d5e723"><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center"> XI</td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> zero - one - two - three - four </td>
+                    <td>
+                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">null</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">eins</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">zwei</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">drei</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">vier</em></span>
+                    </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> five - six - seven - eight </td>
+                    <td>
+                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">fünf</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">sechs</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">sieben</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">acht</em></span>
+                    </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> nine - ten - eleven - twelve </td>
+                    <td>
+                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">neun</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">zehn</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">elf</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">zwölf</em></span>
+                    </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> How much is three and five? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            viel ist drei und fünf? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Three and five is eight. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Drei
+                            und fünf ist acht. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> How much is seven and four? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            viel ist sieben und vier? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Seven and four is eleven. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Sieben und vier ist elf. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> How much is two and ten? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            viel ist zwei und zehn? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Two and ten is twelve. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Zwei
+                            und zehn ist zwölf. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> again </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            nochmal </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Say it again/ please. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nochmal, bitte. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Two and ten is twelve. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Zwei
+                            und zehn ist zwölf. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d5e786"><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center"> XII</td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> one, you </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> man
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> says </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sagt
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> does one say </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sagt
+                            man </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> in German </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> auf
+                            deutsch </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> How do you say 'good bye' in German? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            sagt man 'good bye' auf deutsch? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> good bye </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Auf
+                            Wiedersehen </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> You say 'Auf Wiedersehen'. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Man
+                            sagt 'Auf Wiedersehen'. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table></div><div class="section" title="Notes on pronunciation"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="d5e819"/>Notes on pronunciation</h2></div></div></div><p> The spelling of a language only symbolizes to the native speaker the sounds Which
+                he already knows. You will learn these sounds directly from your instructor; the
+                spelling will serve as an aid to listening. No spelling system adequately represents
+                the sounds of the spoken language, and no attempt will be made at this point to
+                outline exactly what sounds are represented by what symbols of the German spelling
+                system. We will however present for particular drill and attention in each unit
+                certain sounds which have shown themselves to be difficult for speakers of American
+                English. In the meantime we ask you to remember two cardinal points:</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p> The German of your text is printed in the standard German written
+                            style.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> The letter-symbols used, although in most cases the same symbols we
+                            use in written English, in most cases do not represent exactly the same
+                            sounds we use in English. Therefore, DO NOT EXPECT GERMAN WRITTEN
+                            SYMBOLS TO REPRESENT SOUND VALUES YOU KNOW IN ENGLISH.</p></li></ol></div><p> Pronunciation Practices. To be drilled in class.</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">A. Short Vowels</span></dt><dd><p> The German short vowels i,e,a and u are not dissimilar from
+                                English sounds. The o, however, is probably different from any sound
+                                that you have in English. Do not try to replace it by a sound from
+                                English, but rather reproduce the pronunciation of your instructor.
+                                The German front rounded vowels ö and ü do not occur in English. To
+                                produce the ö, put your tongue in the position for the German e and
+                                round your lips; for ü, put your tongue in the position for the
+                                German i and round your lips. You will then produce a sound similar
+                                to the German sound. Experiment until your instructor is satisfied
+                                with your pronunciation. Do not worry about the meaning of the words
+                                in these practices. Concentrate instead on the sounds.</p><table id="d5e833"><col width="20%"/><col width="20%"/><col width="20%"/><col width="20%"/><col width="20%"/><tr>
+                                    <td colspan="5" align="left" valign="top"> Practice
+                                        l(a) </td>
+                                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                                    <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong> Short i </strong></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong> Short e</strong></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong> Short a</strong></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong> Short o</strong></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong> Short u </strong></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                                    <td align="center">
+                                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">bitte</em></span>
+                                    </td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> denn </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> kostet </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> muss </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ist </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> essen </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Mann </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sonne </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Mutter </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> in </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> etwas </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> an </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Doktor </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> und </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                                    <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong> Short ö </strong></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong> Short ü</strong></span></td>
+                                    <td> </td>
+                                    <td> </td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong> - e (unstressed) </strong></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> können </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Mütter </em></span></td>
+                                    <td> </td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> bitte </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> genug </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> möchte </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> fünf </em></span></td>
+                                    <td> </td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> danke </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> gesehen </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> öfter </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Hütte </em></span></td>
+                                    <td> </td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sonne </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> bekommen </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><table id="d5e924"><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
+                                    <td align="left"> Practice 1(b) </td>
+                                    <td> </td>
+                                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                                    <td align="center">
+                                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">mit</em></span> -
+                                            <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Mütter</em></span>
+                                    </td>
+                                    <td align="center">
+                                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">kennen</em></span> -
+                                            <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">können</em></span>
+                                    </td>
+                                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                                    <td align="center">
+                                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">missen</em></span> -
+                                            <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">müssen</em></span>
+                                    </td>
+                                    <td align="center">
+                                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">stecke</em></span> -
+                                            <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Stöcke</em></span>
+                                    </td>
+                                </tr></table></dd><dt><span class="term">B. Long Vowels</span></dt><dd><p> There are no sounds in English exactly like the German long
+                                vowels. If you will pronounce English gate and then ask your
+                                instructor to pronounce German <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">geht</em></span></strong></span>, you will
+                                notice that the English vowel sound seems to change during its
+                                pronunciation, but the German sound seems tense and stable
+                                throughout its duration. Your tongue actually moves during the
+                                production of the English vowel sound, but during the production of
+                                the German sound the tongue remains in the same position. The long ö
+                                and ü are formed approximately like short ö and ü. Pronounce German
+                                long e and round your lips to form ö , and pronounce German long i
+                                and round your lips to form ü </p><p><span class="bold"><strong>Practice 2(a)</strong></span></p><table id="d5e952"><col width="12.5%"/><col width="12.5%"/><col width="12.5%"/><col width="12.5%"/><col width="12.5%"/><col width="12.5%"/><col width="12.5%"/><col width="12.5%"/><tr align="center">
+                                    <td> Long </td>
+                                    <td> i </td>
+                                    <td> e</td>
+                                    <td> a </td>
+                                    <td> o</td>
+                                    <td> u </td>
+                                    <td> ö </td>
+                                    <td> ü </td>
+                                </tr><tr align="center">
+                                    <td> </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            wie </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            geht </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            Tag </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            Sohn </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            gut </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            König </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            für </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr align="center">
+                                    <td> </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            ihnen </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            Tee </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            Abend </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            oder </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            du </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            schön </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            Tür </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr align="center">
+                                    <td> </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            viel </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            den </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            Bahn </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            wo </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            Flug </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            öde </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">über </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><p><span class="bold"><strong>Practice 2(b)</strong></span></p><table id="d5e1020"><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr align="center">
+                                    <td>
+                                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">vier</em></span> -
+                                            <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">für</em></span>
+                                    </td>
+                                    <td>
+                                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">lesen</em></span> -
+                                            <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">lösen</em></span>
+                                    </td>
+                                </tr><tr align="center">
+                                    <td>
+                                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Tier</em></span> -
+                                            <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Tür</em></span>
+                                    </td>
+                                    <td>
+                                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Sehne</em></span> -
+                                            <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Söhne</em></span>
+                                    </td>
+                                </tr></table></dd><dt><span class="term">C. </span></dt><dd><p><span class="bold"><strong>Distinguishing Long and Short
+                                    Vowels</strong></span></p><p> It is NOT ALWAYS POSSIBLE to distinguish long and short vowels in
+                                written German, as the German spelling system does not consistently
+                                mark them as such. Your best guide to the pronunciation of any given
+                                word is the way your native instructor pronounces it. However, a few
+                                hints can be given which will help you to recognize them <span class="bold"><strong>most</strong></span> of the time. If you look back at the
+                                practice lists above you will see that the short vowels in <span class="bold"><strong>most</strong></span> cases are followed by two or more
+                                consonants and they are always written with a single letter symbol.
+                                Then note that the long vowels are <span class="bold"><strong>not
+                                    always</strong></span> written with a single letter symbol and
+                                usually are followed by only one consonant. The following
+                                combinations of letters always designate long vowels: ie, ih - eh,
+                                ee - ah, aa - oh, oo - uh - öh - üh </p></dd><dt><span class="term">D. </span></dt><dd><p><span class="bold"><strong>Diphthongs</strong></span></p><p>These combinations of two vowel sounds in German are very similar,
+                                though not identical to certain vowel combinations in
+                                English.</p><p><span class="bold"><strong>Practice 3</strong></span></p><table id="d5e1054"><col width="33%"/><col width="33%"/><col width="33%"/><tr align="center">
+                                    <td> ei </td>
+                                    <td> au </td>
+                                    <td> eu (äu) </td>
+                                </tr><tr align="center">
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            nein </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            auch </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            deutsch </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr align="center">
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            eins </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            Tau </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            neun </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr align="center">
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            Wein </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            Laut </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            läute </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table></dd></dl></div></div><div class="section" title="Notes on grammar"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="d5e1083"/>Notes on grammar</h2></div><div><h3 class="subtitle">(For home study)</h3></div></div></div><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="A"><li class="listitem"><p> The German Noun-Classification ('Gender') System.</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="I"><li class="listitem"><p>The three classes of nouns.</p><p>
+                                    <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><span class="bold"><strong>Der</strong></span> Wein ist nicht gut.</em></span>
+                                    <span class="bold"><strong>The</strong></span> wine isn't good.</p><p>
+                                    <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><span class="bold"><strong>Das</strong></span> Bier ist gut.</em></span>
+                                    <span class="bold"><strong>The</strong></span> beer is good.</p><p><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                        <span class="bold"><strong>Die</strong></span> Milch ist auch
+                                        gut.</em></span>
+                                    <span class="bold"><strong>The</strong></span> milk is good too.</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p> German has three words for 'the': <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der</em></span></strong></span>, <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das</em></span></strong></span> and <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die</em></span></strong></span>; and German nouns
+                                            can be divided into three classes according to which of
+                                            the three words for 'the* they go with. <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wein</em></span></strong></span> goes only with
+                                                <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der</em></span></strong></span>,
+                                            never with <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das</em></span></strong></span>,
+                                            never with <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die</em></span></strong></span>.
+                                            Bier goes only with <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das</em></span></strong></span>,
+                                            and so on.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> We will refer to these three classes of nouns, for
+                                            obvious reasons, as <span class="bold"><strong>der-</strong></span>nouns, <span class="bold"><strong>das</strong></span>-nouns and <span class="bold"><strong>die-</strong></span>nouns. (1 <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wein</em></span></strong></span> is <span class="bold"><strong>der-</strong></span>noun-' '<span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Hotel</em></span></strong></span> is a <span class="bold"><strong>das-</strong></span>noun.1)</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> The traditional statement about this phenomenon is:
+                                            'German nouns have three genders—masculine, feminine,
+                                            and neuter.' we will not use this terminology because it
+                                            tends to mislead English-speaking students by suggesting
+                                            that the German noun classification has something to do
+                                            with sex differentiation. It doesn't. See paragraph
+                                            III.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> Insofar as the <span class="bold"><strong>basic
+                                                stock</strong></span> of German nouns is concerned (nouns
+                                            like house, grass, sky, wine, beer, milk), there is
+                                            absolutely no sense or rationale to the classification
+                                            system; there is no way at all of anticipating which
+                                            class any given noun belongs to. You must simply learn
+                                            the word for 'the' as a part of the noun: the German
+                                            word for 'wine1 is <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der
+                                                Wein</em></span></strong></span>. And you must
+                                            practice saying <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der
+                                                Wein</em></span></strong></span> often enough so that
+                                                <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das
+                                                Wein</em></span></strong></span> or <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die
+                                                  Wein</em></span></strong></span> sounds as wrong to
+                                            you as 'The father of his country — Henry
+                                            Washington.'</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> Now, Henry Washington is a perfectly good name; but
+                                            it's wrong, and every^ American knows it's wrong. By the
+                                            same token, <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das
+                                                Wein</em></span></strong></span> is a perfectly good
+                                            form; but it's wrong, and every German knows it's
+                                            wrong.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> With <span class="bold"><strong>derivative</strong></span>
+                                            nouns (that is, nouns made from other words, like our
+                                            happyness, brother-hood) your problem is easier. The
+                                            classification of German derivative nouns is fairly
+                                            orderly and consistent. Nouns ending in -ung, for
+                                            example, are always <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die</em></span></strong></span>-nouns: <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die
+                                                  Verzeihung</em></span></strong></span> 'the
+                                            forgiveness, the pardon. And nouns ending with the
+                                            diminutive suffixes -lein and -chen are always <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das-</em></span></strong></span>nouns: <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das
+                                                  Fräulein</em></span></strong></span> 'the miss,
+                                            waitress,'</p><p>
+                                            <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Mädchen</em></span></strong></span> 'the
+                                            little girl.' We will deal with the formation of the
+                                            various kinds of derivative nouns as we go along through
+                                            the units.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> But if the classification of derivative nouns is
+                                            orderly and consistent, the classification of the basic
+                                            stock of German nouns remains virtually chaotic. There
+                                            really is no system at all for guessing Which class a
+                                            noun belongs to; it's not something you can reason out
+                                            or get the knack of. It is not the same as our <span class="bold"><strong>he-she-it</strong></span> system, as we'll
+                                            see in. a minute. There is absolutely nothing in English
+                                            like it. Your only solution is to use the nouns until
+                                            you know them as well as you know 'George
+                                            Washington.'</p></li></ol></div></li><li class="listitem"><p>Pronouns Corresponding to the Three Classes of
+                                        Nouns.</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/><col class="c3"/><col class="c4"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td>Wo ist der Bahnof?</td><td>Er ist dort.</td><td>Where is the station?</td><td>It's there.</td></tr><tr><td>Wo ist das Hotel?</td><td>Es ist dort.</td><td>Where is the hotel?</td><td>It's there.</td></tr><tr><td>Wo ist die Botshaft?</td><td>Sie ist dort.</td><td>Where is the ambassy?</td><td>It's there.</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p> As these examples show, there is a special <span class="bold"><strong>pronoun</strong></span> for each of the three classes
+                                    of nouns. Notice the correspondence in the final sounds of the
+                                    pairs <span class="bold"><strong>der</strong></span>-er, <span class="bold"><strong>das-es</strong></span>, and <span class="bold"><strong>die-sie</strong></span>. This is no coincidence.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Contrast between German and English Pronoun Usage.</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/><col class="c3"/><col class="c4"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td>Wo ist <span class="bold"><strong>der</strong></span>
+                                                  Bahnhof?</td><td><span class="bold"><strong>Er</strong></span> ist
+                                                  dort.</td><td>Where is <span class="bold"><strong>the</strong></span>
+                                                  station?</td><td>
+                                                  <span class="bold"><strong>It's</strong></span>
+                                                  there.</td></tr><tr><td>Wo ist <span class="bold"><strong>der</strong></span>
+                                                  Mann?</td><td><span class="bold"><strong>Er</strong></span> ist
+                                                  dort.</td><td>Where's <span class="bold"><strong>the</strong></span>
+                                                  man?</td><td><span class="bold"><strong>He's</strong></span>
+                                                  here.</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td>Wo ist <span class="bold"><strong>das</strong></span>
+                                                  Hotel?</td><td><span class="bold"><strong>Es</strong></span> ist
+                                                  dort.</td><td>Where is <span class="bold"><strong>the</strong></span>
+                                                  hotel?</td><td>
+                                                  <span class="bold"><strong>It's</strong></span>
+                                                  there.</td></tr><tr><td>Wo ist <span class="bold"><strong>das</strong></span>
+                                                  Kind?</td><td><span class="bold"><strong>Es</strong></span> ist
+                                                  dort.</td><td>Where is <span class="bold"><strong>the</strong></span>
+                                                  child?</td><td>
+                                                  <p><span class="bold"><strong>He's</strong></span>
+                                                  here.</p>
+                                                  <p><span class="bold"><strong>She's</strong></span>
+                                                  here</p>
+                                                </td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td>Wo ist <span class="bold"><strong>die</strong></span>
+                                                  Botschaft?</td><td>
+                                                  <span class="bold"><strong>Sie</strong></span> ist
+                                                  dort.</td><td> Where is <span class="bold"><strong>the</strong></span> embassy?</td><td>
+                                                  <span class="bold"><strong>It's</strong></span>
+                                                  there.</td></tr><tr><td>Wo ist <span class="bold"><strong>die</strong></span>
+                                                  Frau?</td><td><span class="bold"><strong>Sie</strong></span> ist
+                                                  dort.</td><td>Where's <span class="bold"><strong>the</strong></span>
+                                                  woman?</td><td><span class="bold"><strong>She's</strong></span>
+                                                  here.</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p> These examples show that the German pronouns er, <span class="bold"><strong>sie</strong></span>, and es do not match up with the
+                                    English pronouns 'he', 'she', and 'it'. The English <span class="bold"><strong>he-she-it</strong></span> system has an entirely
+                                    different foundation from the German noun-classification
+                                    ('gender') system. In the English system, the choice of pronoun
+                                    depends upon the sex (male, female, or sexless) of some
+                                    non-linguistic entity—a man ('he'), a woman ('she'), or a table
+                                    ('it'). In the German system, on the other hand, the choice of
+                                    pronoun depends upon the linguistic classification of the noun
+                                    you are replacing, except in reference to human beings.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Pronouns Referring to People.</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/><col/><col/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td>Wo ist das Fraülein?</td><td>Where is the waitress?</td><td class="auto-generated"> </td><td class="auto-generated"> </td></tr><tr><td>Sie ist dort.</td><td>She's there.</td><td class="auto-generated"> </td><td class="auto-generated"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div><p> Since all German nouns referring to men are
+                                        <span class="bold"><strong>der-nouns</strong></span> and virtually all
+                                    German nouns referring to women are <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die</em></span></strong></span>-nouns. <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">er</em></span></strong></span> and <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">sie</em></span></strong></span> correspond to 'he' and 'she'
+                                    — when they refer to <span class="bold"><strong>human
+                                        beings</strong></span>. Consequently, one says <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">sie</em></span></strong></span> when referring to
+                                        <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das
+                                            Fräulein</em></span></strong></span>. Who is, after all,
+                                    die lunge Dame 'the young lady',<span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die
+                                            Tochte</em></span></strong></span>r 'the daughter',
+                                        <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die
+                                            Schwester</em></span></strong></span> 'the sister', and
+                                    so on, as well as <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das
+                                        Fräulein</em></span></strong></span>.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>No classification in the Plural.</p><table id="d5e1303"><col width="25%"/><col width="25%"/><col width="25%"/><col width="25%"/><tr valign="top">
+                                        <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo sind die Bahnhöfe?
+                                            </em></span></td>
+                                        <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie sind hier.
+                                            </em></span></td>
+                                        <td align="left">Where are the stations? </td>
+                                        <td align="left"> They're here. </td>
+                                    </tr><tr valign="top">
+                                        <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo sind die Hotels?
+                                            </em></span></td>
+                                        <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie sind hier.
+                                            </em></span></td>
+                                        <td align="left"> Where are the
+                                            hotels? </td>
+                                        <td align="justify"> They're here. </td>
+                                    </tr><tr valign="top">
+                                        <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo sind die Frauen?
+                                            </em></span></td>
+                                        <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie sind hier.
+                                            </em></span></td>
+                                        <td align="left"> Where are the
+                                            women? </td>
+                                        <td align="justify">They're here. </td>
+                                    </tr></table><p>As these examples show, the three-fold classification we've
+                                    been discussing applies only to nouns in the singular. In the
+                                    plural, there is only one word for 'the', and only one
+                                    pronoun.</p></li></ol></div><p>
+                    </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>The pointing-Word <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das</em></span></strong></span>.</p><table id="d5e1334"><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
+                            <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das ist der Bahnhof, nicht wahr?
+                                </em></span></td>
+                            <td align="left"> This is the station, isn't it?
+                            </td>
+                        </tr><tr valign="top">
+                            <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, das ist er. </em></span></td>
+                            <td align="left"> Yes, that's it. </td>
+                        </tr><tr valign="top">
+                            <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist das die Milch? </em></span></td>
+                            <td align="left"> Is that the milk? </td>
+                        </tr><tr valign="top">
+                            <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das ist Wasser. </em></span></td>
+                            <td align="left"> This is water. </td>
+                        </tr><tr valign="top">
+                            <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sind das die Streichhölzer?
+                                </em></span></td>
+                            <td align="left"> Are these the matches? </td>
+                        </tr><tr valign="top">
+                            <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das sind die Zigarren. </em></span></td>
+                            <td align="left"> Those are the ciaars. </td>
+                        </tr></table><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="I"><li class="listitem"><p> The pointing-word <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das</em></span></strong></span> (often
+                                accompanied by a pointing gesture) is used to call any <span class="bold"><strong>object</strong></span> or <span class="bold"><strong>group of
+                                    objects</strong></span> to the hearer's attention, without any
+                                reference to noun classification or tö the number of objects.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> The pointing-word <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das</em></span></strong></span> is an
+                                entirely different entity from the <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das</em></span></strong></span> of <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das
+                                    Hotel</em></span></strong></span>. The English equivalents of the
+                                pointing-word <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das</em></span></strong></span> are
+                                'this', <span class="bold"><strong>'that', 'these', and
+                                    'those'.</strong></span></p></li></ol></div></li></ol></div></div><div class="section" title="Substitution drill."><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="d5e1379"/>Substitution drill.</h2></div></div></div><p> This section is made up of a number of model sentences. One or two words in each
+                sentence are underscored. Below each group will be found a series of isolated words.
+                The drill consists in substituting these words, one by one, for the one that is
+                underscored in the model sentence, and making necessary changes in the rest of the
+                sentence. </p><p>The instructor says the model sentence out loud, and the class repeats after him.
+                The first student makes the first substitution, the next student the second, and so
+                on. Repeat until all students have had a chance to make each substitution at least
+                once, then proceed to the next model sentence. </p><p>This drill may be done with books closed. The instructor then gives the students
+                the item to be substituted. Keep things moving along. Maintain a lively pace. If one
+                student gets stuck, the next one takes over after three or four seconds.</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p>
+                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Der Flughafen ist
+                            dort.</em></span></p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bahnhof - Kaffee -
+                                                Tee - Wein</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Bahnhof - der
+                                                Kaffee - der Tee - der Wein</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Restaurant - Bier -
+                                                Wasser - Hotel - Cafe</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Restaurant -
+                                                das Bier - das Wasser - das Hotel - das
+                                                Cafe</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bank - Milch -
+                                                Botschaft</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Bank - die
+                                                Milch - die Botschaft</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Streichhölzer -
+                                                Zigarren</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Streichhölzer -
+                                                die Zigarren</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Bahnhof - Hotel -
+                                                Tee - Milch - Kaffee - Restaurant - Streichhölzer -
+                                                Botschaft - Flughafen - Bier - Wein - Wasser -
+                                                Zigarren - Cafe </em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Bahnhof - das
+                                                Hotel - der Tee - die Milch - der Kaffee - das
+                                                Restaurant - die Streichhölzer - die Botschaft - der
+                                                Flughafen - das Bier - der Wein - das Wasser - die
+                                                Zigarren - das Café</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p xml:lang="de-1901">Wo ist <span class="bold"><strong>der
+                            Bahnhof</strong></span>?</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Flughafen - Kaffee
+                                                - Tee - Wein</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Flughafen - der
+                                                Kaffe - der Tee - der Wein </em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Restaurant - Bier -
+                                                Wasser - Cafe - Hotel</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Restaurant -
+                                                das Bier - das Wasser - das Cafe - das
+                                                Hotel</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bank - Milch -
+                                                Botschaft</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Bank - die
+                                                Milch - die Botschaft</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Streichhölzer -
+                                                Zigarren</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Streichhölzer -
+                                                die Zigarren</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Restaurant -
+                                                Flughafen - Bank - Kaffee - Wasser - Milch -
+                                                Streichhölzer - Bahnhof - Tee - Hotel - Wein - Bier
+                                                - Botschaft - Zigarren -
+                                            Cafe</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Restaurant -
+                                                der Flughafen - die Bank - der Kaffee - das Wasser -
+                                                die Milch - die Streichhölzer - der Bahnhof - der
+                                                Tee - das Hotel - der Wein - das Bier - die
+                                                Botschaft - die Zigarren - das
+                                            Cafe</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p xml:lang="de-1901">Wieviel kostet <span class="bold"><strong>der
+                            Kaffee</strong></span>?</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wein -
+                                                Tee</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Wein - der
+                                                Tee</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bier</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das
+                                                Bier</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Zigarren -
+                                                Streichhölzer</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Zigarren - die
+                                                Streichhölzer</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wtein - Zigarren -
+                                                Tee - Streichhölzer - Bier </em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Wein - die
+                                                Zigarren - der Tee - die Streichhölzer - das
+                                                Bier</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p xml:lang="de-1901">Wie ist <span class="bold"><strong>das
+                            Bier</strong></span>?</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wasser - Hotel -
+                                                Restaurant - Cafe</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Wasser - das
+                                                Hotel - das Restaurant - das
+                                            Café</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Kaffee - Tee - Wein
+                                            </em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Kaffee - der
+                                                Tee - der Wein</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bank -
+                                                Milch</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Bank - die
+                                                Milch</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Zigarren -
+                                                Streichhölzer</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Zigarren - die
+                                                Streichhölzer</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bier - Tee - Hotel
+                                                - Wein - Wasser - Kaffee - Milch -Zigarren - Caf£ -
+                                                Bank - Streichhölzer</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Bier - der Tee
+                                                - das Hotel - der Wein - das Wasser - der Kaffee -
+                                                die Milch - die Zigarren - das Cafe - die Bank - die
+                                                Streichhölzer</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p xml:lang="de-1901"><span class="bold"><strong>Das Hotel</strong></span> ist
+                            gut.</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bier - Restaurant -
+                                                Wasser - Cafe</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Bier - das
+                                                Restaurant - das Wasser - das
+                                            Cafe</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wein - Kaffee -
+                                                Tee </em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Wein - der
+                                                Kaffee - der Tee</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Milch -
+                                                Bank</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Milch - die
+                                                Bank</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Zigarren -
+                                                Streichhölzer</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Zigarren - die
+                                                Streichhölzer</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bier - Wein -
+                                                Restaurant - Kaffee - Bank - Tee - Hotel -
+                                                Streichhölzer - Wasser - Zigarren - Cafe - Milch
+                                            </em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Bier - der Wein
+                                                - das Restaurant - der Kaffee - die Bank - der Tee -
+                                                das Hotel - die Streichhölzer - das Wasser - die
+                                                Zigarren - das Cafe - die
+                                            Milch</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p xml:lang="de-1901"><span class="bold"><strong>Das Hotel</strong></span> ist da
+                            drüben.</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Restaurant - Bier -
+                                                Wasser - Cafe</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Restaurant -
+                                                das Bier - das Wasser - das
+                                            Café</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Flughafen - Bahnhof
+                                                - Kaffee - Tee - Wein </em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Flughafen - der
+                                                Bahnhof - der Kaffee - der Tee - der
+                                                Wein</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Botschaft - Milch
+                                                - Bank</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Botschaft - die
+                                                Milch - die Bank</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Streichhölzer -
+                                                Zigarren</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Streichhölzer -
+                                                die Zigarren</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Hotel - Restaurant
+                                                - Tee - Milch - Bier - Kaffee - Botschaft - Wein -
+                                                Zigarren - Streichhölzer - Cafe - Bank
+                                            </em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Hotel - das
+                                                Restaurant - der Tee - die Milch - das Bier - der
+                                                Kaffee - die Botschaft - der Wein - die Zigarren -
+                                                die Streichhölzer - das Café - die
+                                                Bank</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p xml:lang="de-1901">Das ist <span class="bold"><strong>der
+                            Flughafen</strong></span>.</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bahnhof - Wein -
+                                                Tee - Kaffee</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Bahnhof - der
+                                                Wein - der Tee - der Kaffee</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Hotel - Restaurant
+                                                - Bier - Café</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Hotel - das
+                                                Restaurant - das Bier - das
+                                            Café</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bank - Botschaft -
+                                                Milch</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Bank - die
+                                                Botschaft - die Milch</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Streichhölzer -
+                                                Zigarren</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Streichhölzer -
+                                                die Zigarren</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Botschaft -
+                                                Flughafen - Hotel - Milch - Restaurant - Bahnhof -
+                                                Bier - Wein - Tee - Zigarren - Café -
+                                                Bank</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Botschaft - der
+                                                Flughafen - das Hotel - die Milch - das Restaurant -
+                                                der Bahnhof - das Bier - der Wein - der Tee - die
+                                                Zigarren - das Cafe - die
+                                            Bank</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p xml:lang="de-1901">Hier ist <span class="bold"><strong>Herr Becker</strong></span>.
+                        Hier ist <span class="bold"><strong>er</strong></span>.</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Flughafen - Bahnhof
+                                                - Wein - Tee - Kaffee - Herr
+                                            Keller</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Flughafen.er -
+                                                der Bahnhof.er - der Wein.er - der Tee.er - der
+                                                Kaffee.er - Herr Keller.er</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Frau Kunze - Milch
+                                                - Botschaft - Bank - Frau
+                                            Schneider</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Frau Kunze.sie -
+                                                die Milch.sie - die Botschaft.sie - die Bank.sie -
+                                                Frau Schneider.sie</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Restaurant - Bier -
+                                                Wasser - Café - Hotel</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Restaurant.es -
+                                                das Bier.es - das Wasser.es - das Caf£.es - das
+                                                Hotel.es</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Streichhölzer -
+                                                Zigarren - Herr und Frau
+                                            Becker</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die
+                                                Streichhölzer.sie - die Zigarren.sie - Herr und Frau
+                                                Becker.sie</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bier - Milch -
+                                                Wasser - Wein - Streichhölzer - Bahnhof - Restaurant
+                                                - Zigarren - Hotel - Herr und Frau Becker -
+                                                Botschaft - Tee - Cafe - Frau Schneider - Flughafen
+                                                - Herr Keller - Bank - Kaffee
+                                            </em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Bier.es - die
+                                                Milch.sie - das Wasser.es - der Wein.er - die
+                                                Streichhölzer.sie - der Bahnhof.er - das
+                                                Restaurant.es - die Zigarren.sie - das Hotel.es -
+                                                Herr und Frau Becker. sie - die Botschaft.sie - der
+                                                Tee.er - das Cafe.es - Frau Schneider.sie - der
+                                                Flughafen.er - Herr Keller.er - die Bank.sie - der
+                                                Kaffee.er</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></li></ol></div><p> </p></div><div class="section" title="Variation drill"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="d5e1646"/>Variation drill</h2></div></div></div><p> This section is made up of several groups of sentences. Each group is headed by a
+                model sentence which is underscored. The instructor reads the model sentence out
+                loud, and the class repeats after him. The first student then gives the German
+                version of the first English variation sentence under the model sentence. The next
+                student takes the second sentence, and so on. </p><p>While doing this drill, STUDENTS MUST COVER THE RIGHT-HAND SIDE OF THE PAGE </p><p>English versions must be read silently, and the German version must be given
+                without stopping, with the proper pronunciation, including intonation. If you have
+                to 'translate* word by word you need more practice with the basic sentences. </p><p>The instructor must insist on COMPLETE SENTENCES.</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><table id="d5e1654"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                    <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich verstehe Sie. </em></span></th>
+                                    <th align="center"> I understand you. </th>
+                                </tr></thead><tbody><tr>
+                                    <td> a. </td>
+                                    <td> I understand you well. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich verstehe Sie gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> b. </td>
+                                    <td> I understand you very well. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich verstehe Sie sehr
+                                            gut. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> c. </td>
+                                    <td> I understand you well, too. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich verstehe Sie auch
+                                            gut. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> d. </td>
+                                    <td> I don't understand you. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich verstehe Sie nicht.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> e. </td>
+                                    <td> I don't understand you either. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich verstehe Sie auch
+                                            nicht. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></tbody></table></li><li class="listitem"><p>
+                            </p><table id="d5e1691"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verstehen Sie mich?
+                                            </em></span></th>
+                                        <th align="center"> Do you understand me? </th>
+                                    </tr></thead><tbody><tr>
+                                        <td>a. </td>
+                                        <td> Do you understand me well? </td>
+                                        <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verstehen Sie mich
+                                                gut? </em></span></td>
+                                    </tr><tr>
+                                        <td> b. </td>
+                                        <td> Do you understand me well to? </td>
+                                        <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verstehen Sie mich
+                                                auch gut? </em></span></td>
+                                    </tr><tr>
+                                        <td> c. </td>
+                                        <td> Don't you understand me? </td>
+                                        <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verstehen Sie mich
+                                                nicht? </em></span></td>
+                                    </tr><tr>
+                                        <td> d. </td>
+                                        <td> Don't you understand me either? </td>
+                                        <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verstehen Sie mich
+                                                auch nicht? </em></span></td>
+                                    </tr><tr>
+                                        <td> e. </td>
+                                        <td> Don't you understand me well either? </td>
+                                        <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verstehen Sie mich
+                                                auch nicht gut? </em></span></td>
+                                    </tr></tbody></table><p>
+                        </p></li><li class="listitem"><table id="d5e1727"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                    <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo ist der Flughafen?</em></span></th>
+                                    <th align="center"> Where is the airport?</th>
+                                </tr></thead><tr>
+                                <td>a. </td>
+                                <td> There is the airport. </td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Da ist der Flughafen.
+                                    </em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td>b. </td>
+                                <td> Is that the airport? </td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist das der Flughafen?
+                                    </em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td>c. </td>
+                                <td> Yes, that's the airport. </td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, das ist der Flughafen.
+                                    </em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td>d. </td>
+                                <td> No, that's not the airport. </td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Nein, das ist nicht der
+                                        Flughafen. </em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td>e. </td>
+                                <td> Is the airport over there? </td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist der Flughafen da drüben?
+                                    </em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td>f. </td>
+                                <td> Yes, it's over there. </td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, er ist da drüben.
+                                    </em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td>g. </td>
+                                <td> No, it's not over there. </td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Nein, er ist nicht da drüben.
+                                    </em></span></td>
+                            </tr></table><p> Repeat the same drill and for airport substitute: hotel - embassy -
+                            restaurant - station.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
+                            </p><table id="d5e1774"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo sind die Streichhölzer?
+                                            </em></span></th>
+                                        <th align="center"> Where are the matches? </th>
+                                    </tr></thead><tr>
+                                    <td> a.</td>
+                                    <td> Where are they? </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo sind sie?
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> b.</td>
+                                    <td> There are the matches. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Da sind die
+                                            Streichhölzer. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> c.</td>
+                                    <td> There they are. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Da sind sie.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> d.</td>
+                                    <td> Are the matches over them? </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sind die Streichhölzer da
+                                            drüben? </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> e.</td>
+                                    <td> Yes, the matches are over there. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, die Streichhölzer
+                                            sind da drüben. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> f.</td>
+                                    <td> They're over there. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie sind da drüben.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><p>
+                        </p><p>Repeat the same drill and for potatoes substitute: cigars - Mr. and
+                            Mrs. Kunze. </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
+                            </p><table id="d5e1816"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie ist die Milch?
+                                            </em></span></th>
+                                        <th align="center"> How's the milk? </th>
+                                    </tr></thead><tr>
+                                    <td> a.</td>
+                                    <td> It's good. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie ist gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> b.</td>
+                                    <td> It's very good. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie ist sehr gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> c.</td>
+                                    <td> The water is good too. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das Wasser ist auch gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> d.</td>
+                                    <td> It's very good too. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Es ist auch sehr gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><p>
+                        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
+                            </p><table id="d5e1847"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie ist das Bier?
+                                            </em></span></th>
+                                        <th align="center"> How's the beer? </th>
+                                    </tr></thead><tr>
+                                    <td> a.</td>
+                                    <td> It's good. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Es ist gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> b.</td>
+                                    <td> It's very good. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Es ist sehr gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> c.</td>
+                                    <td> The cigars are good too. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Zigarren sind auch
+                                            gut. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> d.</td>
+                                    <td> They're very good too. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie sind auch sehr gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><p>
+                        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
+                            </p><table id="d5e1878"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie ist der Tee?
+                                            </em></span></th>
+                                        <th align="center"> How's the tea? </th>
+                                    </tr></thead><tr>
+                                    <td> a.</td>
+                                    <td> It's not good. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Er ist nicht gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> b.</td>
+                                    <td> It's very good. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Er ist sehr gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> c.</td>
+                                    <td> The milk isn't good either. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Milch ist auch nicht
+                                            gut. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> d.</td>
+                                    <td> It's not very good either. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie ist auch nicht sehr
+                                            gut. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> e.</td>
+                                    <td> Yes. they are very good. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, sie sind sehr gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><p>
+                        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
+                            </p><table id="d5e1914"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie sind die Streichhölzer?
+                                            </em></span></th>
+                                        <th align="center"> How are the matches? </th>
+                                    </tr></thead><tr>
+                                    <td> a.</td>
+                                    <td> They're not good. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie sind nicht gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> b.</td>
+                                    <td> They're not very good. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie sind nicht sehr gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> c.</td>
+                                    <td>The wine is not good either.</td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der Wein ist auch nicht
+                                            gut. Er ist auch nicht sehr gut. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> d.</td>
+                                    <td>It's not very good either.</td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Er ist auch nicht sehr
+                                            gut. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><p>
+                        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
+                            </p><table id="d5e1945"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das kostet viel.
+                                            </em></span></th>
+                                        <th align="center"> That costs a lot. </th>
+                                    </tr></thead><tr>
+                                    <td> a.</td>
+                                    <td> How much does that cost? </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie viel kostet das?
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> b.</td>
+                                    <td> Does that cost much? </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Kostet das viel?
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> c.</td>
+                                    <td> That doesn't cost much. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das kostet nicht viel.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> d.</td>
+                                    <td> That doesn't cost much either. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das kostet auch nicht
+                                            viel. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> e.</td>
+                                    <td> That costs three marks. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das kostet drei Mark.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> f.</td>
+                                    <td> That costs three marks, too. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das kostet auch drei
+                                            Mark. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><p>
+                        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
+                            </p><table id="d5e1986"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das Bier ist out.
+                                            </em></span></th>
+                                        <th align="center"> The beer is good. </th>
+                                    </tr></thead><tr>
+                                    <td> a.</td>
+                                    <td> The wine is not good. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der Wein ist nicht gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> b.</td>
+                                    <td> The coffee is good, too. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der Kaffee ist auch gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> c.</td>
+                                    <td> The restaurant is very good. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das Restaurant ist sehr
+                                            gut. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> d.</td>
+                                    <td> Is the tea good? </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist der Tee gut?
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> e.</td>
+                                    <td> Ho, the tea isn't very good. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Nein, der Tee ist nicht
+                                            sehr gut. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> f.</td>
+                                    <td> Is the café good? </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist das Café gut?
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><p>
+                        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
+                            </p><table id="d5e2027"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Streichhölzer sind nicht
+                                                sehr gut.</em></span></th>
+                                        <th align="center"> The matches are not very good. </th>
+                                    </tr></thead><tr>
+                                    <td> a.</td>
+                                    <td> The beer and the wine are good.</td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            Das Bier und der Wein sind gut.</em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> b.</td>
+                                    <td>The cigars are good, too.</td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Zigarren sind auch
+                                            gut. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> c.</td>
+                                    <td> Are the coffee and the tea good? </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sind der Kaffee und der
+                                            Tee gut? </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> d.</td>
+                                    <td> Yes. they are very good. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, sie sind sehr gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><p>
+                        </p></li><li class="listitem"><table id="d5e2057"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                    <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo ist der Flughafen? Er ist dort rechts.
+                                        </em></span></th>
+                                    <th align="center">Where is the airport? It's there to the
+                                        right.</th>
+                                </tr></thead><tr>
+                                <td> a.</td>
+                                <td>Where Is the café? It's there to the left.</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wo ist
+                                        das Café? Es ist dort links.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> b.</td>
+                                <td>Where Is the restaurant? It's there,
+                                    too.</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wo ist das Restaurant? Es ist
+                                        auch dort.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> c.</td>
+                                <td>Where is the bank? It's there straight ahead.</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wo ist die Bank? Sie ist dort
+                                        geradeaus.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> d.</td>
+                                <td>Where is Mr. Schneider? He is here.</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wo ist Herr Schneider? Er ist
+                                        hier.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> e.</td>
+                                <td>Where is Mrs. Schneider? She's here, too.</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wo ist Frau Schneider? Sie ist
+                                        auch hier.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> f.</td>
+                                <td>Where is the station? It's over there, to the right</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wo ist der Bahnhof? Er ist da
+                                        drüben, rechts. </em></span></td>
+                            </tr></table></li><li class="listitem"><table id="d5e2097"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                    <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wie ist der Kaffee? Er 1st out.</em></span></th>
+                                    <th align="center">How is the coffee? It is good.</th>
+                                </tr></thead><tr>
+                                <td> a.</td>
+                                <td>How is the milk? It's very good.</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wie
+                                        ist die Milch? Sie ist sehr gut.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> b.</td>
+                                <td>How is the water? It's good, too.</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wie ist das Wasser? Es ist
+                                        auch gut.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> c.</td>
+                                <td>How is the hotel? it's not very good.</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wie ist das Hotel? Es ist
+                                        nicht sehr gut.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> d.</td>
+                                <td>How is the beer? It's very good here.</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wie ist das Bier? Es ist hier
+                                        sehr gut</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> e.</td>
+                                <td>How is the tea? It's not good.</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wie ist der Tee? Er ist nicht
+                                        gut.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> f.</td>
+                                <td>How is the wine? It's very good, too.</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wie ist der Wein? Er ist auch
+                                        sehr gut. </em></span></td>
+                            </tr></table></li><li class="listitem"><table id="d5e2137"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                    <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Ich möchte gern Zigaretten haben.</em></span></th>
+                                    <th align="center"> I'd like to have some cigarettes.
+                                        please.</th>
+                                </tr></thead><tr>
+                                <td> a.</td>
+                                <td>Would you like to have some cigars, too?</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Möchten Sie auch Zigarren haben?</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> b.</td>
+                                <td>I'd like to have some matches.</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich möchte gern Streichhölzer
+                                        haben.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> c.</td>
+                                <td>Would you like to have some bread?</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Möchten Sie etwas Brot
+                                        haben?</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> d.</td>
+                                <td> I'd like to have some milk.</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich möchte gern Milch
+                                        haben.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> e.</td>
+                                <td>I'd like to have some sausage and sauerkraut.</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Ich möchte gern Bratwurst mit
+                                        Sauerkraut haben. </em></span></td>
+                            </tr></table></li><li class="listitem"><table id="d5e2172"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                    <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich möchte gerne essen.</em></span></th>
+                                    <th align="center">I'd like to eat.</th>
+                                </tr></thead><tr>
+                                <td> a.</td>
+                                <td>What would you like to eat?</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Was
+                                        möchten Sie essen?</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> b.</td>
+                                <td> I'd like to eat some sausage and
+                                    sauerkraut.</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Ich möchte Bratwurst mit
+                                        Sauerkraut essen.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> c.</td>
+                                <td>Would you also like to eat some bread? Yes, I'd like to eat some
+                                    bread. </td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Möchten Sie auch Brot essen?
+                                        Ja, ich möchte gern etwas Brot essen. </em></span></td>
+                            </tr></table></li><li class="listitem"><table id="d5e2197"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                    <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Das ist der Bahnhof.</em></span></th>
+                                    <th align="center">That's the railroad station.</th>
+                                </tr></thead><tr>
+                                <td> a.</td>
+                                <td>Is that the embassy?</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Ist
+                                        das die Botschaft?</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> b.</td>
+                                <td>No, that's not the embassy.</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Nein, das ist nicht die
+                                        Botschaft.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> c.</td>
+                                <td>That's the hotel. Is that Mr. Kunze?</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Das ist das Hotel. Ist das
+                                        Herr Kunze?</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> d.</td>
+                                <td>No, that's not Mr. Kunze.</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Nein, das ist nicht Herr
+                                        Kunze.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> e.</td>
+                                <td>That's Mr. Schneider.</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Das ist Herr Schneider.
+                                    </em></span></td>
+                            </tr></table></li><li class="listitem"><p>
+                            </p><table id="d5e2233"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Hier ist das Hotel.
+                                            </em></span></th>
+                                        <th align="center"> Here is the hotel. </th>
+                                    </tr></thead><tr>
+                                    <td> a. </td>
+                                    <td> There's the restaurant. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Dort ist das Restaurant.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> b. </td>
+                                    <td> Over there is the airport. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Da drüben ist der
+                                            Flughafen. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> c. </td>
+                                    <td> There to the right is the embassy. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Dort rechts ist die
+                                            Botschaft. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> d. </td>
+                                    <td> Here on the left is the station. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Hier links ist der
+                                            Bahnhof. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> e. </td>
+                                    <td> Over there, to the right is the cafe. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Da drüben, rechts, ist
+                                            das Cafe. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><p>
+                        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
+                            </p><table id="d5e2269"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Zigarren kosten fünf Mark.
+                                            </em></span></th>
+                                        <th align="center"> The cigars cost five marks. </th>
+                                    </tr></thead><tr>
+                                    <td> a. </td>
+                                    <td> The beer costs one mark. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das Bier kostet eine
+                                            Mark. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> b. </td>
+                                    <td> The wine costs two marks ten. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der Wein kostet zwei Mark
+                                            zehn. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> c. </td>
+                                    <td> The matches cost ten pennies. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Streichhölzer kosten
+                                            zehn Pfennig. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> d. </td>
+                                    <td> The coffee costs three marks eight. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der Kaffee kostet drei
+                                            Mark acht. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> e. </td>
+                                    <td> The tea costs two marks four. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der Tee kostet zwei Mark
+                                            vier. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> f. </td>
+                                    <td> The milk costs twelve pennies. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Milch kostet zwölf
+                                            Pfennig. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> g </td>
+                                    <td> Bratwurst and sauerkraut costs two marks five. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut
+                                            kostet zwei Mark fünf. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><p>
+                        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
+                            </p><table id="d5e2315"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Drei und vier ist sieben.
+                                            </em></span></th>
+                                        <th align="center"> Three and four is seven. </th>
+                                    </tr></thead><tr>
+                                    <td> a. </td>
+                                    <td> Five and three is eight. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Fünf und drei ist acht.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> b. </td>
+                                    <td> How much is two and six? </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie viel ist zwei und
+                                            sechs? </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> c. </td>
+                                    <td> Seven and five is twelve. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sieben und fünf ist
+                                            zwölf. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> d. </td>
+                                    <td> Three and three is six. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Drei und drei ist sechs.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> e. </td>
+                                    <td> How much is seven and four? </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie viel ist sieben und
+                                            vier? </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> f. </td>
+                                    <td> Is nine and one eleven? </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist neun und eins elf?
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> g. </td>
+                                    <td> No, nine and one is ten. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Nein, neun und eins ist
+                                            zehn. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><p>
+                        </p></li></ol></div></div><div class="section" title="Translation drill"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="d5e2359"/>Translation drill </h2></div></div></div><p> Students cover right-hand side of page and take turns giving the German version
+                of the sentences in English column. The instructor must insist that each student
+                give his version without hesitation. Go over the drill several times, until each
+                student has had an opportunity to give all sentences.</p><p> Unless students can do this drill confidently, they need more preparation.</p><table id="d5e2363"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 1. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> Is that the embassy? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            das die Botschaft? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 2. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> No, that's not the embassy, that is
+                        the hotel. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, das ist nicht die Botschaft, das ist das Hotel.
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 3 .</td>
+                    <td align="left"> The embassy is over there, to the
+                        left. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die
+                            Botschaft ist da drüben, links. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 4. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> How is the beer, is it good? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            ist das Bier, ist es gut? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 5. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> No, it's not very good. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, es ist nicht sehr gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 6. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> What is that there, the airport? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Was
+                            ist das dort, der Flughafen? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 7. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> Yes, that's the airport. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            das ist der Flughafen. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 8. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> Is Mr. Becker here? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            Herr Becker hier? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 9. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> No, he isn't (here). </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, er ist nicht hier. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left">10. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> Is the wine good here? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            hier der Wein gut? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left">11. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> Yes, it is (good here). </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            er ist gut hier. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left">12. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> Where is Miss Schneider? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo
+                            ist Fräulein Schneider? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left">13. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> Isn't she here? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            sie nicht hier? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left">14. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> No, she isn't (here). </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, sie ist nicht hier. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left">15. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> How much does sausage and sauerkraut
+                        cost? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            viel kostet Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr>
+                    <td align="left">16. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> It doesn't cost much. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Es
+                            kostet nicht viel. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left">17. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> Where are the cigars? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo
+                            sind die Zigarren? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left">18. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> Aren't they here? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sind
+                            sie nicht hier? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left">19. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> No, they aren't (here). </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, sie sind nicht hier. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left">20. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> They cost four marks. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie
+                            kosten vier Mark. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left">21. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> Do you understand me? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Verstehen Sie mich? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left">22. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> What did you say? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            bitte? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left">23. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> Yes, I understand you very well. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            ich verstehe Sie sehr gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left">24. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> Would you like to eat? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Möchten Sie gern essen? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left">25 </td>
+                    <td align="left"> Yes, I would. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            gerne. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table></div><div class="section" title="Response drill"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="d5e2492"/>Response drill </h2></div></div></div><p> Students are to prepare this drill at home. The questions are generally directed
+                toward the situation or situations presented in the Basic Sentences. The answers
+                suggested are obviously not the only possible answers to these questions, and the
+                student should feel free to vary them or to replace them by his own formulations ad
+                libitum, within the limitations of structure and vocabulary covered.</p><table id="d5e2495"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 1. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo
+                            ist Herr Becker? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Er
+                            ist dort drüben. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 2. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            das Frau Kunze? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, das ist nicht Frau Kunze. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 3.</td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo
+                            sind Herr und Frau Schneider? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Herr
+                            und Frau Schneider sind hier. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 4. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            geht es Ihnen? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Danke gut. Und Ihnen? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 5.</td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Verstehen Sie mich? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            ich verstehe Sie gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 6. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Verstehen Sie mich auch gut? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, ich verstehe Sie nicht. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 7.</td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo
+                            ist der Bahnhof? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der
+                            Bahnhof ist dort rechts. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 8. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            das der Bahnhof? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, das ist nicht der Bahnhof. Er ist dort, geradeaus.
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 9.</td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo
+                            ist der Flughafen? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Er
+                            ist dort drüben. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 10. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            das Hotel dort links? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, es ist dort rechts. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 11. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das
+                            Restaurant ist dort drüben, nicht wahr? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            es ist dort drüben, geradeaus. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 12. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Was
+                            ist das dort? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das
+                            ist die Botschaft. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 13. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo
+                            ist hier die Bank? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die
+                            Bank ist hier links. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 14. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> 1st
+                            das die Botschaft da drüben? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            das ist die Botschaft. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 15. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            ist das Cafe? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das
+                            Cafe ist sehr gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 16. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            das Restaurant auch gut? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, das Restaurant ist nicht sehr gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 17. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            sagt man "good bye" auf deutsch? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Man
+                            sagt "Auf Wiedersehen". </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 18.</td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            sagt man "thank you" auf deutsch? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Man
+                            sagt "Danke schön". </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 19. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Was
+                            möchten Sie haben? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich
+                            möchte zehn Zigaretten haben. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 20. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Möchten Sie auch Zigarren haben? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            ich möchte auch Zigarren haben. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 21. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            viele möchten Sie haben? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Vier, bitte. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 22. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Möchten Sie auch Streichhölzer haben? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            ich möchte auch Streichhölzer haben. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 23. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            viel kosten die Zigarren? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die
+                            Zigarren kosten eine Mark. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 24. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Kostet das Bier eine Mark? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, es kostet eine Mark zehn. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 25. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            viel kostet der Wein? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Er
+                            kostet sechs Mark fünf. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 26. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            viel kosten der Kaffee und der Tee? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der
+                            Kaffee und der Tee kosten fünf Mark zwölf. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 27. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Möchten Sie gern etwas essen? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            ich möchte gern etwas essen. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 28. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Was
+                            möchten Sie essen? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich
+                            möchte Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut essen. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 29. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Möchten Sie auch Brot essen? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            ich möchte auch etwas Brot essen. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 30. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            ist hier das Bier? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das
+                            Bier ist hier sehr gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 31. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            der Wein auch gut? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            der Wein ist auch sehr gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 32. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            ist der Kaffee? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der
+                            Kaffee ist nicht gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 33. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            der Tee auch nicht gut? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, er ist auch nicht gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 34. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            die Milch gut? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ja,
+                            die Milch ist sehr gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 35. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            viel ist zwei und zwei? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Zwei
+                            und zwei ist vier. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 36. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            drei und vier acht? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, drei und vier ist sieben. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 37. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            viel ist fünf und vier? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Fünf
+                            und vier ist neun. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 38. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            sechs und fünf zwölf? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, sechs und fünf ist nicht zwölf. Sechs und fünf ist elf.
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table></div><div class="section" title="Conversation practice"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="d5e2727"/>Conversation practice</h2></div></div></div><p> Students keep books closed. Preparation before class is recommended.</p><p> The instructor reads one conversational bout three or four times, out loud, at
+                normal speed. Class listens and students memorize.</p><p> The instructor and one student now 'play back' the conversation. Repeat each bout
+                until each student has taken each part once. Then proceed to the next bout.</p><p> Keep the ball rolling. If students are hesitant, abandon this drill for the day.
+                Students will prepare themselves at home for the next repetition of the
+                drill.</p><p> The instructor will POSTPONE CORRECTING OF MISTAKES during a bout until after it
+                is concluded so as not to discourage the student. After the bout, the instructor
+                simply says the mistaken or mispronounced item to the student and has him repeat it
+                after him.</p><table id="d5e2734"><col width="10%"/><col width="90%"/><tr>
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="top">
+                        <span class="bold"><strong>1</strong></span>
+                    </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> A: </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo
+                            ist die Botschaft hier in Bonn? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> B: </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die
+                            Botschaft ist dort, geradeaus. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> A: </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            bitte? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> B: </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie
+                            ist dort, geradeaus. Verstehen Sie mich? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> A: </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            danke. Und wo ist der Flughafen? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> B: </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der
+                            Flughafen ist da links. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> A: </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Danke schön. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d5e2768"><col width="10%"/><col width="90%"/><tr>
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="top">
+                        <span class="bold"><strong>2</strong></span>
+                    </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> S:</td>
+                    <td align="justify"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Guten Tag, Herr Becker. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> K:</td>
+                    <td align="justify"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Guten Tag, Herr Kunze. Wie geht es Ihnen? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> S: </td>
+                    <td align="justify"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Danke, gut. Und Ihnen? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> K:</td>
+                    <td align="justify"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Auch gut, danke. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> S:</td>
+                    <td align="justify"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Wie ist das Bier hier? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> K:</td>
+                    <td align="justify"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Es ist sehr gut und der Wein ist auch gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> S:</td>
+                    <td align="justify"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Wie viel kostet das Bier? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> K:</td>
+                    <td align="justify"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Es kostet eine Mark zehn. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> S:</td>
+                    <td align="justify"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Möchten Sie auch etwas essen? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> K:</td>
+                    <td align="justify"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, danke. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d5e2814"><col width="10%"/><col width="90%"/><tr>
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="top"><span class="bold"><strong> 3
+                        </strong></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> C: </td>
+                    <td align="justify"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Guten Morgen. Ich möchte gern zehn Zigarren haben. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> D: </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Bitte. Möchten Sie auch Zigaretten haben? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> C: </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, danke. Aber ich möchte Streichhölzer haben. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> D: </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Hier
+                            bitte. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> C:</td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            viel kosten die Zigarren? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> D:</td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie
+                            kästen fünf Mark sieben. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d5e2844"><col width="10%"/><col width="90%"/><tr>
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="top"><span class="bold"><strong> 4
+                        </strong></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> E: </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Verzeihung, wo ist das Restaurant? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> F:</td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das
+                            Restaurant ist dort, rechts. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> E: </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            das der Flughafen dort drüben? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> F: </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, das ist nicht der Flughafen, das ist der Bahnhof. Der Flughafen
+                            ist dort, links. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> E: </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            bitte? Ich verstehe Sie nicht. Sprechen Sie bitte langsam.
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> F: </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das
+                            ist nicht der Flughafen, das ist der Bahnhof. Der Flughafen ist dort,
+                            links. Verstehen Sie mich? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> E: </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            ich verstehe Sie. Auf Wiedersehen. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table></div><div class="section" title="Situations"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="d5e2878"/>Situations</h2></div></div></div><p> You are now ready for free conversation. Act out the following situations, Which
+                are slight variations on the basic sentences, as freely and fluently as you can,
+                making use of all the patterns you have learned.</p><p><span class="bold"><strong> Finding the Way</strong></span></p><p> An American has just arrived in Germany and doesn't understand too well yet. He
+                asks a German on the street where the hotel is. The German tells him it's over there
+                to the left. The American doesn't understand him and asks him to say it again
+                please.</p><p> He still does not understand and asks the German to speak slowly. The latter
+                repeats much slower and asks the American if he understands. The American says he
+                does, thanks him and says good-bye.</p><p> Go through this conversation again with the American asking for the embassy,
+                cafe, airport, etc., and the German giving different directions: straight ahead,
+                over there, to the right, etc.</p><p><span class="bold"><strong> Question Practice</strong></span></p><p> Each student asks the next student a question in addition (numbers one to
+                twelve). He answers it and asks the next student, etc. </p><p><span class="bold"><strong>At the Cigar Store </strong></span></p><p>Mr. Becker is the proprietor of a cigar store. Mr. Schneider stops in for some
+                cigarettes. They exchange greetings, and Mr. Becker asks what Mr. Schneider would
+                like. After getting him the cigarettes he asks if Mr. Schneider would like some
+                cigars, too. He says no thanks, but he would like some matches. Figuring up his own
+                bill he says that costs one mark ten, doesn't it, but Mr. Becker says no, it costs
+                two marks. Mr. Schneider gives him the money, and they say good-bye to each other. </p><p><span class="bold"><strong>At the Restaurant </strong></span></p><p>Miss Schneider is the waitress in a restaurant. Mr. Kunze greets her as he comes
+                in and asks how she is. She returns his greeting and asks if he is well, too. He
+                says yes, thanks, and asks if they have sausage and sauerkraut, and how the beer and
+                the wine are, etc. Finally he says he'd like to have sausage and sauerkraut, beer
+                and some bread. After the meal he pays her - it costs three marks - and says
+                good-bye.</p></div><div class="section" title="Finder list"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="d5e2895"/>Finder list</h2></div></div></div><p> FINDER LIST</p><table id="d5e2898"><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Abend </em></span></td>
+                    <td> evening </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> aber </em></span></td>
+                    <td> but </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> acht </em></span></td>
+                    <td> eight </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> auch </em></span></td>
+                    <td> also, too </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> auch nicht </em></span></td>
+                    <td> not ... either </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> auf deutsch </em></span></td>
+                    <td> in German </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Auf Wiedersehen'. </em></span></td>
+                    <td> good-bye </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der Bahnhof </em></span></td>
+                    <td> station </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die Bank </em></span></td>
+                    <td> bank </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das Bier </em></span></td>
+                    <td> beer </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> bitte </em></span></td>
+                    <td> please </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> bitte schön </em></span></td>
+                    <td> here you are </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die Botschaft </em></span></td>
+                    <td> embassy </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut
+                        </em></span></td>
+                    <td> sausage and sauerkraut </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Brot </em></span></td>
+                    <td> bread </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das Café</em></span></td>
+                    <td> cafe </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> da </em></span></td>
+                    <td> there </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> danke </em></span></td>
+                    <td> thanks </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> danke schön </em></span></td>
+                    <td> many thanks </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das </em></span></td>
+                    <td> that </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> dort </em></span></td>
+                    <td> there </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> drei </em></span></td>
+                    <td> three </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> drüben </em></span></td>
+                    <td> over there </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> eins </em></span></td>
+                    <td> one </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> elf </em></span></td>
+                    <td> eleven </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> er </em></span></td>
+                    <td> he, it </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> es </em></span></td>
+                    <td> it </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> essen </em></span></td>
+                    <td> eat </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> etwas Brot </em></span></td>
+                    <td> some bread </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der Flughafen </em></span></td>
+                    <td> airport </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Frau </em></span></td>
+                    <td> Mrs. </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Frau Kunze </em></span></td>
+                    <td> Mrs. Kunze </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Fräulein </em></span></td>
+                    <td> Miss </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Fräulein Schneider </em></span></td>
+                    <td> Miss Schneider </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> fünf </em></span></td>
+                    <td> five </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> geht </em></span></td>
+                    <td> goes </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> geradeaus </em></span></td>
+                    <td> straight ahead </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> gern(e) </em></span></td>
+                    <td> with pleasure </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> gut </em></span></td>
+                    <td> good, well </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> guten Abend </em></span></td>
+                    <td> good evening </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> guten Morgen </em></span></td>
+                    <td> good morning </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> guten Tag </em></span></td>
+                    <td> hello (good by) </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> haben </em></span></td>
+                    <td> have </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Herr </em></span></td>
+                    <td> Mr. </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Herr Becker </em></span></td>
+                    <td> Mr. Becker </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> hier </em></span></td>
+                    <td> here </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das Hotel </em></span></td>
+                    <td> hotel </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ich </em></span></td>
+                    <td> I </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ihnen </em></span></td>
+                    <td> to you, with you </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ist </em></span></td>
+                    <td> is </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja </em></span></td>
+                    <td> yes </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der Kaffee </em></span></td>
+                    <td> coffee </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> kosten </em></span></td>
+                    <td> cost </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> kostet </em></span></td>
+                    <td> costs </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> langsam </em></span></td>
+                    <td> slow, slowly </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> links </em></span></td>
+                    <td> left, to the left </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> man </em></span></td>
+                    <td> one, you </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Mark </em></span></td>
+                    <td> Mark, Marks </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> eine Mark </em></span></td>
+                    <td> one Mark </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> zwei Mark </em></span></td>
+                    <td> two Marks </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> mich </em></span></td>
+                    <td> me (acc) </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die Milch </em></span></td>
+                    <td> milk </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> möchten </em></span></td>
+                    <td> would like </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> möchten Sie </em></span></td>
+                    <td> would you like </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ich möchte </em></span></td>
+                    <td> I would like </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ich möchte gern </em></span></td>
+                    <td> I'd like very much </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Morgen </em></span></td>
+                    <td> morning </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> nein </em></span></td>
+                    <td> no </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> neun </em></span></td>
+                    <td> nine </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> nicht </em></span></td>
+                    <td> not </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> nicht wahr? </em></span></td>
+                    <td> isn1t it (not true)? </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> nochmal </em></span></td>
+                    <td> again </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> null </em></span></td>
+                    <td> zero </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Pfennig </em></span></td>
+                    <td> penny, pennies </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> rechts </em></span></td>
+                    <td> to the right </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das Restaurant </em></span></td>
+                    <td> restaurant </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sagt </em></span></td>
+                    <td> says </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sagt man </em></span></td>
+                    <td> does one say </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sechs </em></span></td>
+                    <td> six </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sehr </em></span></td>
+                    <td> very </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sie </em></span></td>
+                    <td> she, it </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie </em></span></td>
+                    <td> you </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sieben </em></span></td>
+                    <td> seven </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sind </em></span></td>
+                    <td> are </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sprechen </em></span></td>
+                    <td> speak </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die Streichhölzer </em></span></td>
+                    <td> matches </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Tag </em></span></td>
+                    <td> day </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der Tee </em></span></td>
+                    <td> tea </td>
+                </tr><tr>
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> und </em></span></td>
+                    <td> and </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> verstehen </em></span></td>
+                    <td> understand </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> verstehen Sie </em></span></td>
+                    <td> do you understand </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ich verstehe </em></span></td>
+                    <td> I understand </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verzeihung </em></span></td>
+                    <td> excuse me </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> vier </em></span></td>
+                    <td> four </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> was </em></span></td>
+                    <td> What </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das Wasser </em></span></td>
+                    <td> water </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der Wein </em></span></td>
+                    <td> wine </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wie </em></span></td>
+                    <td> how </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wie bitte? </em></span></td>
+                    <td> I beg your pardon. What did you say? </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wie viel </em></span></td>
+                    <td> now much </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wie viele </em></span></td>
+                    <td> how many </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wo </em></span></td>
+                    <td> Where </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> zehn </em></span></td>
+                    <td> ten </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Zigaretten </em></span></td>
+                    <td> cigarettes </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die Zigarren </em></span></td>
+                    <td> cigars </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> zwei </em></span></td>
+                    <td> two </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> zwölf </em></span></td>
+                    <td> twelve </td>
+                </tr></table></div></div><div class="chapter" title="Chapter 2. "><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="d5e3329"/>Chapter 2. </h2></div></div></div><p/></div></div></body></html>

+ 4466 - 0
FSI-German-Basic-Course.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,4466 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<?xml-model href="http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/5.0/rng/docbook.rng" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?>
+<book xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="5.0"
+    xml:lang="en">
+    <info>
+        <title>GERMAN Basic Course</title>
+        <subtitle>UNITS 1 - 12</subtitle>
+        <author>
+            <orgname>Foreign Service Institute</orgname>
+        </author>
+    </info>
+    <colophon>
+        <title/>
+        <para/>
+    </colophon>
+    <preface>
+        <title>Preface</title>
+        <para> This Basic Course in German has been designed to assist United States Government
+            representatives who require a command of spoken German. The general concept of this text
+            has grown out of the plan of Spoken Language courses prepared under the auspices of the
+            American Council of Learned Societies during World War II. But pattern drills and other
+            exercises have been developed extensively at the Foreign Service Institute to provide a
+            much fuller manipulation of forms and patterns, and a conscious attempt has been made to
+            adapt situations and vocabulary to specific needs of the Foreign Service. And the course
+            is intended to lay a solid foundation for comprehensive language skills, providing
+            systematically for the development of reading proficiency based on oral- aural skills. </para>
+        <para>This text is the end-product of several years of work and has benefited from the
+            labors of many members and former members of the FSI staff. In its present form it was
+            prepared under the supervision of Or. Samuel A. Brown, who has had overall
+            responsibility for the arrangement of situation­al material and for the organization and
+            presentation of structural features. Particular credit for the dialogs and much of the
+            drill material goes to Mrs. Use Christoph. Mrs. Christoph has been assisted by Mrs.
+            Maria-Luise Bissonnette, Mr Friedrich Lehmann, Mr. Gerhard Matzel, Mrs. Margarete
+            Plischke and Mrs. Erika Quaid. A most valuable contribution was also made by Mrs. Quaid
+            in preparing the major part of the typescript, assisted by Miss Geneviève Ducastel. The
+            project has been a cooperative venture, however, and all members of the German staff
+            have contributed freely the fruit of their classroom experience and the gifts of their
+            imagination and insight.<inlinemediaobject>
+                <imageobject>
+                    <imagedata fileref="Images/Fsi-GermanBasicCourse-Volume1-StudentText-4.png"/>
+                </imageobject>
+            </inlinemediaobject></para>
+        <para> H. E. Sollenberger Dean, School of Languages Foreign Service Institute</para>
+    </preface>
+    <preface>
+        <title>Introduction</title>
+        <para> AIM </para>
+        <para>It is the aim of the course to provide the student with a useful control of the
+            structure of the spoken language and of a basic vocabulary which meets at least some of
+            the specialized needs of the Foreign Service. After completion of the basic course the
+            Foreign Service Officer should be able to make limited practical use of the language in
+            his official duties and social obligations. He will furthermore have the means, given
+            the proper surroundings and personal motivation, for continued rapid and efficient
+            development of proficiency. </para>
+        <para>MATERIALS </para>
+        <para>The materials in this first volume of the text are organized into twelve lessons or
+            units. Each unit contains a set of basic sentences for memorization. These are in the
+            form of a dialog based on one or sometimes two specific situations in which a person
+            might find himself in Germany. Notes to the basic sentences are provided as necessary to
+            clarify occasional difficulties in vocabulary and idiom and to provide additional
+            background on some cultural features unfamiliar to Americans. Notes on pronunciation are
+            included in each of the first eight units. Phonological features which have been found
+            to be particularly difficult for American students are here presented with explanations
+            and pronunciation practice drills. The notes on grammar in each unit single out those
+            structural features illustrated in the basic sentences which are appropriate for
+            systematic consideration at that stage in the course. Substitution drills provide for
+            the manipulation of forms by substituting specific items in fixed sentence frames. They
+            are in­tended to build habits of association, so that in a given syntactic environment
+            the appropriate grammatical form automatically comes to mind. As the German vocabulary
+            is all familiar, no English equivalents are given in these drills. Variation drills
+            provide for the manipulation of larger syntactic patterns. In each group a model
+            sentence, underscored, serves as a guide. Associated with it are additional sentences
+            incorporating the same syntactic pattern but in which most of the individual word items
+            have been replaced. English equivalents are given to serve as cues for recall of the
+            German variant sentences. Vocabulary drills provide both practice in the use of new
+            vocabulary items and also allow for manipulation of sentence elements whose particular
+            form and arrangement depends upon their association with that vocabulary item. The
+            manipulation of both variation and vocabulary drills depends on the use of English
+            equivalents. Specific translation drills are also provided, however. In most cases they
+            present the material of the basic dialog in the form of a narrative. They thus provide
+            content review of the basic sentences and practice in the transformation from active
+            dialog to descriptive narration. The response drills are question and answer drills on
+            the situations of the basic dialogs. Conversation practice and additional situations in
+            out­line bridge the gap to free conversation with small pieces of supplementary dialog
+            for acting out and situations providing for a freer play of the student's imagination.
+            The finder list in each unit notes all new vocabulary which has been presented. </para>
+        <para>METHOD AND PROCEDURE </para>
+        <para>This is a course in Spoken German; the forms and patterns of the language are
+            intentionally colloquial. The emphasis in instruction is everywhere on speech, and an
+            indispensable component of the learning process is the voice of a tutor, or instructor,
+            whose native language is German. On no account should the student attempt to use these
+            materials without either a native instructor or recordings of a native instructor's
+            voice. The method of instruction incorporates guided imitation. repetition,
+            memorization, pattern practice. and conversation. </para>
+        <para>Working under the supervision of a linguist the tutor's role is to serve as a model
+            for speech and to guide the student to accurate imitation by constant repetition and
+            correction. The student's Job is to watch and listen to the tutor carefully and to
+            imitate as exactly as he can the sounds which he hears. He must be prepared for constant
+            cor­rection and repetition. Each time however the instructor will give him a model to
+            follow by repeating the item first. The student should never attempt to read from his
+            text but should always wait until he hears the word or utterance as the tutor speaks it
+            for him. As far as possible he should leave his book closed during the presentation of
+            new dialog material and keep his eyes on the tutor, students will be asked to repeat in
+            chorus and individually and will be expected to re­peat many, many times, even when
+            their imitation has been good and accurate. Only by constant repetition after an
+            authentic model for speech can habitual fluent and accurate reproduction of the sounds
+            and forms of the foreign language be achieved. </para>
+        <para>The basic sentences are preceded by "build-ups" giving the com­ponent parts of the
+            utterance separately. Each new item which is introduced appears first as a build-up. The
+            tutor will ask the students to repeat the build-ups separately first, then combined into
+            larger units and finally the complete new sentence or utterance. The basic sentences are
+            sub-divided into numbered sections, each to be treated as a unit, repeated in chorus and
+            individually, with and with­out build-ups, until the students' imitation is
+            satisfactory. Then a new section may be begun. The time required to cover each section
+            in this way will differ widely depending on the size and ability of the class. After
+            acceptable imitation and accurate pronunciation has been achieved in one or more
+            sections they are assigned for memorization outside of class or repeated in class until
+            memorized. The student should be able to give either the German sentence or its English
+            equivalent on request or switch from one to the other and back again. The tutor will
+            drill by repeating each sentence for each student in the class, then by giving each
+            student a different sentence, repeating it for him first, and finally asking the
+            students to recite the sentences in order, the first student the first sentence, the
+            second student the second sentence, etc., without receiving a cue from the instructor.
+            Repetition outside of class, preferably using recorded materials as a guide, should be
+            continued to the point of over-learning. The student should not only be able to give the
+            correct German sentence immediately upon hearing an English equivalent, at random
+            selection, he should also be able to give the correct German sentence with equal ease
+            and speed of response upon hearing its German cue. As a final step the students are
+            expected to act out the basic dialog in entirety from memory, with the tutor or with
+            other students. Only when the basic sentences have been mastered to this extent can they
+            be considered to provide an adequate basis for control of the spoken language. It should
+            be noted at this point that the English text accompanying the basic sentences is not
+            primarily a translation but rather a set of conversational equivalents. Many apparent
+            discrepancies will be found if the student, or the tutor, looks for word-for-word
+            correspondence between the English and German text. It does not exist. Rather, in such
+            and such a situation this is what is said in German and this is what is said in English. </para>
+        <para>The pronunciation practice drills are to be taken up after the presentation of the
+            basic sentences has been completed and memorization has been started. Items are arranged
+            in groups according to the particular phonological feature concerned. Words in vertical
+            columns present the same phonological feature in different environments. Several columns
+            in a practice group contain related phonological features or related phonological
+            environments in which the same feature recurs. Words are to be repeated first in chorus
+            and then individually by each student after the tutor, at first following the vertical
+            columns and later, for variation and comparison, horizontally across the page.
+            Particular attention should be paid to items in contrast. These are minimum meaningfully
+            distinctive sound patterns, accurate control of which is important for communication and
+            comprehension. Contrasting word pairs are linked by a dash, and after separate practice
+            for accuracy the items should be repeated by pairs to bring out the exact distinctions
+            between them. </para>
+        <para>The notes on grammar are earmarked for home study. After each unit has been started
+            and the first hour or more has been spent in class on repetition of the basic sentences
+            the student should read through the grammar notes to acquaint himself with the
+            grammatical points presented in that unit. During the whole time a particular unit is
+            being worked on in class the student should continue to study the grammar section. Many
+            questions which he may feel tempted to raise in class will be found to be answered in
+            the notes on grammar. The tutor is specifically requested not to discuss the language
+            with his students, and the students are asked not to ply him with questions. Time in
+            class is to be spent using and manipulating the language and not in talking about it. In
+            each unit one or more grammatical features are presented, and the basic sentences have
+            been designed, as far as is possible consistent with natural expression, to incorporate
+            and illustrate those features. Each point of grammar discussed is illustrated by
+            sentences which are natural utterances in the language. They are taken in nearly every
+            case from the basic sentences of the current or preceding units. Thus the examples are
+            already familiar to the student, and the patterns they contain, which will be drilled
+            and practiced in the sections to follow, are patterns which the student has already
+            begun to assimilate by memorizing the sentences of the dialog. </para>
+        <para>After the basic sentences of a unit have all been repeated several times and
+            memorization has been well begun, work can be started on the drills. The material is
+            designed to provide a maximum of additional experience in using the forms and patterns
+            of the language learned in the basic sentences. It is not assumed, however, that the
+            learner is automatically able to transfer the experience gained in the basic sentences
+            to error-free manipulation of these forms and patterns. The drills are by no means a
+            test of what the student can do with the elements given him. It is a matter of no great
+            importance whether he can or cannot "figure them out" by himself. The goal is to learn
+            to speak the language accurately and fluently, and this aim can only be achieved by
+            correct repetition of the forms and patterns involved. Therefore all the sentences in
+            each drill group are first to be repeated after the tutor in their correct form. The
+            tutor then cues each student in turn for repetition of one of the drill sentences until
+            all students have given all sentences correctly. </para>
+        <para>In the substitution drills the model sentence and all its variants are first repeated
+            in chorus after the tutor. He then gives the model sentence again, the class repeats it
+            in chorus, after which each student is cued individually with an item to be substituted
+            and repeats the sentence with the substitution called for. in some cases the cue is the
+            exact form which fits into the sentence. In some cases a cue is given which requires the
+            student to choose the proper form to fit the syntactic environment of the model.
+            Regardless of which type of cue is given or how simple or complex the exercise may
+            appear to be, the student's task is to make the substitution without hesitation and to
+            repeat the sentence accurately at normal conversational speed. Although no English
+            equivalents are given in the substitution drills and the first task is rapid, fluent and
+            accurate manipulation of the material in German. the tutor may ask for spot translations
+            into English here and there, and on the second or third repetition of the drill he may
+            give English equivalents as word or sentence cues in place of the German cues provided. </para>
+        <para> In most of the variation drills and in all of the vocabulary drills the cues take the
+            form of equivalent English sentences. Basic procedure remains the same as in the
+            substitution drills. All sentences in a given variation or vocabulary group are first
+            repeated after the tutor in their correct form. The tutor then gives the pattern
+            sentence again, and the students repeat it in chorus, after which they are required
+            individually to recall and repeat the correct German sentences for which an English
+            equivalent is given. Students may work with their books open here, covering up the
+            right-hand side of the page on Which the German sentences are printed and taking their
+            cues from the English sentences on the left-hand side of the page. </para>
+        <para>Conversion drills require the conversion of one or more elements in a sentence from
+            one form to another - singular to plural, present tense to past tense, etc. No English
+            is provided for these sentences as a rule. However, as in the substitution drills the
+            tutor may ask for a random spot translation into English, and he may go through the
+            drill a second or third time giving English sentence cues for which the student gives
+            the German equivalent. </para>
+        <para>Translation and response drills, as noted above, are in most cases directly related to
+            the basic sentences. In translation drills the procedure is similar to that followed in
+            variation and vocabulary drills. Students may work with their books open, covering the
+            German text and reading the English sentences themselves, or if preferred, books may be
+            left closed while the tutor gives the English equivalents. In the response drills it is
+            often appropriate for the tutor to address two or three questions to the same student
+            and then two or three more to the next, so that the drill takes on a more natural
+            character of conversation­al interchange. Both drills should be repeated in entirety
+            several times, however, or until all students have had a chance to respond to all items. </para>
+        <para> It will be noted that all drill material is provided with both a cue and a correct
+            response, so that all may be prepared by the student outside of class and repeated and
+            practiced by him as often as necessary to achieve complete accuracy and fluency. In many
+            cases there is more than one possible response to a given cue, and instructors are
+            encouraged to accept all responses which are truly equivalent. If a correct response has
+            been given, however, instructors are not to suggest variant forms which may occur to
+            them, as this only introduces unnecessary complexity of choice to an exercise which is
+            difficult enough as it is. </para>
+        <para>In the conversation practice brief conversations, usually on the same theme as the
+            basic dialog, are read through by the tutor three or four times while students listen.
+            Then the tutor takes one role while one student takes the other, and they repeat the
+            conversation together. The student's aim here is not primarily to memorize and repeat
+            exactly, but to give as accurate an equivalent as possible in his own words. After
+            acting out the conversation with the tutor the student goes through it again with
+            another student, he in turn with the next student, and so on until all have taken both
+            parts in the dialog. </para>
+        <para>The situations are brief descriptions, in English in the earlier units, later in
+            German, of occurrences similar to those on which the basic dialogs are based. Two or
+            more students then act out what has been described in their own way and using their ov.i
+            words. They are free to use their imagination and fill in any supplementary details that
+            occur to them. The whole conversation should not be prolonged however more than four or
+            five minutes maximum duration. Then other students may try their hand at the same
+            situation. </para>
+        <para>The narratives, beginning with the fifth unit, are designed for reading purposes. In
+            the early units they introduce a minimum of additional vocabulary and unfamiliar forms,
+            and they may be used in the class for oral narration, the student re-telling in his own
+            words what he has read. In later units some features of expository prose - matters of
+            both form and style - which differ from normal spoken usage are introduced through the
+            narratives in order to bridge the gap between conversational German and those reading
+            skills of a specialized nature which require particular study and attention. </para>
+        <para>The ultimate goal of the course, as has been stated above, is to speak accurately,
+            fluently and easily. The text provides for the assimilation of all basic forms and
+            patterns of the language by the guided imitation, memorization, and manipulation of a
+            large number of sentences and by practice in confronting several widely occurring
+            every­day situations. Actual living use of the language in free conversation is a
+            necessary and essential adjunct. The tutor should therefore encourage his students from
+            the start to use the language in every way possible, above and beyond what is provided
+            for in the text. After the first few days of work both students and tutors should avoid
+            the use of English in the classroom for any purpose at all, and they are encouraged to
+            speak German outside the classroom as well. Only by constant use of the skill he is
+            learning can the student hope to master it and retain it as a useful tool of his
+            profession.</para>
+    </preface>
+    <chapter>
+        <title>Unit 1</title>
+        <section>
+            <title>Basic sentences: <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wir sind in
+                    Deutschland</foreignphrase></title>
+            <informaltable>
+                <col width="50%"/>
+                <col width="50%"/>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center"> I </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td> good morning </td>
+                    <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> guten Morgen
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Good morning. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Guten Morgen.
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td> Mr. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Herr </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td> Becker </td>
+                    <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Becker </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td> Mr. Becker </td>
+                    <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Herr Becker
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Good morning, Mr. Becker. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Guten Morgen, Herr Becker.
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td> day </td>
+                    <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Tag </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Hello (Good day). </td>
+                    <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Guten Tag.
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td> Mrs. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Frau </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td> Kunze </td>
+                    <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Kunze </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td> Mrs. Kunze </td>
+                    <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Frau Kunze
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Hello , Mrs. Kunze. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Guten Tag, Frau Kunze.
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td> evening </td>
+                    <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Abend </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Good evening. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Guten Abend.
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td> Miss </td>
+                    <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Fräulein
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td> Schneider </td>
+                    <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Schneider
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td> Miss Schneider </td>
+                    <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Fräulein Schneider
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Good evening, Miss Schneider. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Guten Abend, Fräulein
+                            Schneider. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+            </informaltable>
+            <informaltable>
+                <col width="50%"/>
+                <col width="50%"/>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center"> II </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Hello, Miss Schneider. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Guten Tag, Fräulein Schneider. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Hello, Mr. Becker. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Guten Tag, Herr Becker. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> how </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> wie
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> goes </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> geht
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> it </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> es
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> to you, with you </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Ihnen </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> How are you? (how goes it with you?) </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
+                            geht es Ihnen? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> thanks </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            danke </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> very </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sehr
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> good, well </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> gut
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Fine, Thanks. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Danke, sehr gut. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> and </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> und
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> And how are you, Mr. Becker? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Und
+                            wie geht es Ihnen, Herr Becker? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> also, too </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> auch
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Thank you, I’m fine too. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Danke, auch gut. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+            </informaltable>
+            <informaltable>
+                <col width="50%"/>
+                <col width="50%"/>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center"> III </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> understand </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> verstehen
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> you </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Do you understand Mrs. Kunze? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Verstehen Sie Frau Kunze? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> no </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> nein
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> I </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> ich
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> I understand </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> ich
+                            verstehe </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> not </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            nicht </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> No, I don't understand Mrs. Kunze. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Nein, ich verstehe Frau Kunze nicht. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> me </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> mich
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Do you understand me? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Verstehen Sie
+                            mich? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> yes </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> ja
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, I understand you well. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
+                            ich verstehe Sie gut. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+            </informaltable>
+            <informaltable>
+                <col width="50%"/>
+                <col width="50%"/>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center"> IV </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> where </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> wo
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> is </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> ist
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> the airport </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> der
+                            Flughafen </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Where's the airport? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo
+                            ist der Flughafen? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> there </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> dort
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> over there </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            drüben </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> The airport is over there. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der
+                            Flughafen ist dort drüben. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> please </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            bitte </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> I beg your pardon. What did you say? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
+                            bitte? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> speak </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            sprechen </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> slow, slowly </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            langsam </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Please speak slowly. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Sprechen Sie bitte langsam. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> The airport is over there. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der
+                            Flughafen ist dort drüben. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Do you understand? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Verstehen Sie? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> thank you </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            danke schön </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, I understand. Thank you. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
+                            ich verstehe. Danke schön. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> you're welcome </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            bitte schön </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> You're welc ome. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Bitte schön. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+            </informaltable>
+            <informaltable>
+                <col width="50%"/>
+                <col width="50%"/>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center"> V</td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> that </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> das
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> the railroad station </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> der
+                            Bahnhof </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Is that the railroad station? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist das der
+                            Bahnhof? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> No, that' not the station. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Nein, das ist nicht der Bahnhof. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> he, it </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> er
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> to the left </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            links </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> It's there to the left. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Er
+                            ist dort links. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> the restaurant </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> das
+                            Restaurant </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Is the restaurant there too? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
+                            das Restaurant auch dort? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> it </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> es
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, it's there too. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
+                            es ist auch dort. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+            </informaltable>
+            <informaltable>
+                <col width="50%"/>
+                <col width="50%"/>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center"> VI</td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> what </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> was
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> there </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> da
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> What's that there? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Was
+                            ist das da? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> the hotel </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> das
+                            Hotel </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> That's the hotel. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das
+                            ist das Hotel. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> here </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> hier
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> to the right </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            rechts </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> the embassy </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> die
+                            Botschaft </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Is the embassy here to the right? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
+                            die Botschaft hier rechts? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> she, it </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sie
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, it's here to the right. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja, sie ist hier
+                            rechts. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+            </informaltable>
+            <informaltable>
+                <col width="50%"/>
+                <col width="50%"/>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center"> VII</td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> excuse me the cafe </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Verzeihung das Cafe </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Excuse me, where is the cafe? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Verzeihung, wo ist das Cafe? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> straight ahead </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            geradeaus </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> There, straight ahead. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Dort, geradeaus. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> the bank isn't it? (not true?) </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> die
+                            Bank nicht wahr </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> The bank is there too, isn't it? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Die
+                            Bank ist auch da, nicht wahr? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, it's there too. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
+                            sie ist auch da. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> thanks </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            danke </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Thanks. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Danke. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> you're welcome </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            bitte </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> You're welcome. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Bitte. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+            </informaltable>
+            <informaltable>
+                <col width="50%"/>
+                <col width="50%"/>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center"> VIII</td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Good morning. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Guten Morgen. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> I would like </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> ich
+                            möchte </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> with pleasure </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> gern
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> I'd like very much </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> ich
+                            möchte gern </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> some cigars </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Zigarren </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> to have </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            haben </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> I'd like to have some cigars. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ich
+                            möchte gern Zigarren haben. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> how many </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> wie
+                            viele </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> All right. How many? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Gern. Wie viele? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> five </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> fünf
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> and </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> und
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> some matches </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Streichhölzer </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Five, and some matches too, please. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Fünf, und bitte auch Streichhölzer. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Here you are. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Hier, bitte. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> how much </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> wie
+                            viel </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> costs </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            kostet </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> How much does that cost? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
+                            viel kostet das? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> the cigars </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> die
+                            Zigarren </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> cost </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            kosten </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> two </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> zwei
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Mark </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Mark
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> The cigars cost two Marks. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Die Zigarren
+                            kosten zwei Mark. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> the matches </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> die Streichhölzer
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> ten </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> zehn
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> penny, pennies </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Pfennig </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> The matches cost ten pennies. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Die Streichhölzer
+                            kosten zehn Pfennig. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> would like </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            möchten </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> would you like </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            möchten Sie </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> some cigarettes </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Zigaretten </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Would you like to have some cigarettes
+                        too? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Möchten Sie auch Zigaretten haben? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> they </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sie
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> they cost </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sie
+                            kosten </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, how much do they cost? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
+                            wie viel kosten sie? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> one </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> eine
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> One Mark. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Eine
+                            Mark. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Here you are. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Bitte schön</foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Thank you. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Danke schön. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+            </informaltable>
+            <informaltable>
+                <col width="50%"/>
+                <col width="50%"/>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center"> IX</td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Good evening. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Guten Abend. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> to eat </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            essen </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Would you like to eat? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Möchten Sie essen? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> sausage and sauerkraut </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, sausage and sauerkraut please. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
+                            Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut, bitte. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> some, a little </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            etwas </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> bread </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Brot
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> And a little bread. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Und
+                            etwas Brot. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+            </informaltable>
+            <informaltable>
+                <col width="50%"/>
+                <col width="50%"/>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center"> X</td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> the wine </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> der Wein
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> How's the wine, and how's the beer? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
+                            ist der Wein und wie ist das Bier? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> are </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sind
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> The wine and the beer are good. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der
+                            Wein und das Bier sind gut. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> but </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> aber
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> the coffee </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> der
+                            Kaffee </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> But the coffee's not good. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Aber
+                            der Kaffee ist nicht gut. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> the tea </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> der Tee
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> not ... either </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> auch
+                            nicht </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> And the tea isn't good either. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Und
+                            der Tee ist auch nicht gut. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> the milk </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> die
+                            Milch </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Is the milk good? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist die Milch
+                            gut? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, the milk is very good. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
+                            die Milch ist sehr gut. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> the water </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> das
+                            Wasser </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> How's the water here? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
+                            ist hier das Wasser? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> The water is good. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das Wasser ist
+                            gut. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+            </informaltable>
+            <informaltable>
+                <col width="50%"/>
+                <col width="50%"/>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center"> XI</td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> zero - one - two - three - four </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">
+                        <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">null</foreignphrase> - <foreignphrase
+                            xml:lang="de-1901">eins</foreignphrase> - <foreignphrase
+                            xml:lang="de-1901">zwei</foreignphrase> - <foreignphrase
+                            xml:lang="de-1901">drei</foreignphrase> - <foreignphrase
+                            xml:lang="de-1901">vier</foreignphrase>
+                    </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> five - six - seven - eight </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">
+                        <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">fünf</foreignphrase> - <foreignphrase
+                            xml:lang="de-1901">sechs</foreignphrase> - <foreignphrase
+                            xml:lang="de-1901">sieben</foreignphrase> - <foreignphrase
+                            xml:lang="de-1901">acht</foreignphrase>
+                    </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> nine - ten - eleven - twelve </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">
+                        <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">neun</foreignphrase> - <foreignphrase
+                            xml:lang="de-1901">zehn</foreignphrase> - <foreignphrase
+                            xml:lang="de-1901">elf</foreignphrase> - <foreignphrase
+                            xml:lang="de-1901">zwölf</foreignphrase>
+                    </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> How much is three and five? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
+                            viel ist drei und fünf? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Three and five is eight. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Drei
+                            und fünf ist acht. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> How much is seven and four? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
+                            viel ist sieben und vier? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Seven and four is eleven. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Sieben und vier ist elf. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> How much is two and ten? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
+                            viel ist zwei und zehn? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Two and ten is twelve. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Zwei
+                            und zehn ist zwölf. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> again </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            nochmal </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Say it again/ please. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Nochmal, bitte. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Two and ten is twelve. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Zwei
+                            und zehn ist zwölf. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+            </informaltable>
+            <informaltable>
+                <col width="50%"/>
+                <col width="50%"/>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center"> XII</td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> one, you </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> man
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> says </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sagt
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> does one say </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sagt
+                            man </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> in German </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> auf
+                            deutsch </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> How do you say 'good bye' in German? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
+                            sagt man 'good bye' auf deutsch? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> good bye </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Auf
+                            Wiedersehen </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> You say 'Auf Wiedersehen'. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Man
+                            sagt 'Auf Wiedersehen'. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+            </informaltable>
+        </section>
+        <section>
+            <title>Notes on pronunciation</title>
+            <para> The spelling of a language only symbolizes to the native speaker the sounds Which
+                he already knows. You will learn these sounds directly from your instructor; the
+                spelling will serve as an aid to listening. No spelling system adequately represents
+                the sounds of the spoken language, and no attempt will be made at this point to
+                outline exactly what sounds are represented by what symbols of the German spelling
+                system. We will however present for particular drill and attention in each unit
+                certain sounds which have shown themselves to be difficult for speakers of American
+                English. In the meantime we ask you to remember two cardinal points:<orderedlist>
+                    <listitem>
+                        <para> The German of your text is printed in the standard German written
+                            style.</para>
+                    </listitem>
+                    <listitem>
+                        <para> The letter-symbols used, although in most cases the same symbols we
+                            use in written English, in most cases do not represent exactly the same
+                            sounds we use in English. Therefore, DO NOT EXPECT GERMAN WRITTEN
+                            SYMBOLS TO REPRESENT SOUND VALUES YOU KNOW IN ENGLISH.</para>
+                    </listitem>
+                </orderedlist></para>
+            <para> Pronunciation Practices. To be drilled in class.<variablelist>
+                    <varlistentry>
+                        <term>A. Short Vowels</term>
+                        <listitem>
+                            <para> The German short vowels i,e,a and u are not dissimilar from
+                                English sounds. The o, however, is probably different from any sound
+                                that you have in English. Do not try to replace it by a sound from
+                                English, but rather reproduce the pronunciation of your instructor.
+                                The German front rounded vowels ö and ü do not occur in English. To
+                                produce the ö, put your tongue in the position for the German e and
+                                round your lips; for ü, put your tongue in the position for the
+                                German i and round your lips. You will then produce a sound similar
+                                to the German sound. Experiment until your instructor is satisfied
+                                with your pronunciation. Do not worry about the meaning of the words
+                                in these practices. Concentrate instead on the sounds.</para>
+                            <informaltable>
+                                <col width="20%"/>
+                                <col width="20%"/>
+                                <col width="20%"/>
+                                <col width="20%"/>
+                                <col width="20%"/>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="5" align="left" valign="top"> Practice
+                                        l(a) </td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr valign="top">
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><emphasis role="bold"
+                                            > Short i </emphasis></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><emphasis role="bold"
+                                            > Short e</emphasis></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><emphasis role="bold"
+                                            > Short a</emphasis></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><emphasis role="bold"
+                                            > Short o</emphasis></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><emphasis role="bold"
+                                            > Short u </emphasis></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr valign="top">
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center">
+                                        <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">bitte</foreignphrase>
+                                    </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> denn </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> das </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> kostet </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> muss </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr valign="top">
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> ist </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> essen </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> Mann </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> Sonne </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> Mutter </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr valign="top">
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> in </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> etwas </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> an </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> Doktor </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> und </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr valign="top">
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><emphasis role="bold"
+                                            > Short ö </emphasis></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><emphasis role="bold"
+                                            > Short ü</emphasis></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><emphasis role="bold"
+                                            > - e (unstressed) </emphasis></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr valign="top">
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> können </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> Mütter </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> bitte </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> genug </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr valign="top">
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> möchte </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> fünf </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> danke </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> gesehen </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr valign="top">
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> öfter </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> Hütte </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> Sonne </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                            xml:lang="de-1901"> bekommen </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                            </informaltable>
+                            <informaltable>
+                                <col width="50%"/>
+                                <col width="50%"/>
+                                <tr valign="top">
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Practice 1(b) </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr valign="top">
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center">
+                                        <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">mit</foreignphrase> -
+                                            <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Mütter</foreignphrase>
+                                    </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center">
+                                        <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">kennen</foreignphrase> -
+                                            <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">können</foreignphrase>
+                                    </td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr valign="top">
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center">
+                                        <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">missen</foreignphrase> -
+                                            <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">müssen</foreignphrase>
+                                    </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="center">
+                                        <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">stecke</foreignphrase> -
+                                            <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Stöcke</foreignphrase>
+                                    </td>
+                                </tr>
+                            </informaltable>
+                        </listitem>
+                    </varlistentry>
+                    <varlistentry>
+                        <term>B. Long Vowels</term>
+                        <listitem>
+                            <para> There are no sounds in English exactly like the German long
+                                vowels. If you will pronounce English gate and then ask your
+                                instructor to pronounce German <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
+                                        xml:lang="de-1901">geht</foreignphrase></emphasis>, you will
+                                notice that the English vowel sound seems to change during its
+                                pronunciation, but the German sound seems tense and stable
+                                throughout its duration. Your tongue actually moves during the
+                                production of the English vowel sound, but during the production of
+                                the German sound the tongue remains in the same position. The long ö
+                                and ü are formed approximately like short ö and ü. Pronounce German
+                                long e and round your lips to form ö , and pronounce German long i
+                                and round your lips to form ü </para>
+                            <para><emphasis role="bold">Practice 2(a)</emphasis></para>
+                            <informaltable>
+                                <col width="12.5%"/>
+                                <col width="12.5%"/>
+                                <col width="12.5%"/>
+                                <col width="12.5%"/>
+                                <col width="12.5%"/>
+                                <col width="12.5%"/>
+                                <col width="12.5%"/>
+                                <col width="12.5%"/>
+                                <tr align="center">
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Long </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> i </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> o</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> u </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ö </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ü </td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr align="center">
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                                            wie </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                                            geht </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                                            Tag </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                                            Sohn </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                                            gut </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                                            König </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                                            für </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr align="center">
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                                            ihnen </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                                            Tee </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                                            Abend </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                                            oder </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                                            du </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                                            schön </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                                            Tür </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr align="center">
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                                            viel </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                                            den </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                                            Bahn </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                                            wo </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                                            Flug </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                                            öde </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
+                                            >über </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                            </informaltable>
+                            <para><emphasis role="bold">Practice 2(b)</emphasis></para>
+                            <informaltable>
+                                <col width="50%"/>
+                                <col width="50%"/>
+                                <tr align="center">
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">
+                                        <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">vier</foreignphrase> -
+                                            <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">für</foreignphrase>
+                                    </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">
+                                        <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">lesen</foreignphrase> -
+                                            <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">lösen</foreignphrase>
+                                    </td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr align="center">
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">
+                                        <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Tier</foreignphrase> -
+                                            <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Tür</foreignphrase>
+                                    </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">
+                                        <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Sehne</foreignphrase> -
+                                            <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Söhne</foreignphrase>
+                                    </td>
+                                </tr>
+                            </informaltable>
+                        </listitem>
+                    </varlistentry>
+                    <varlistentry>
+                        <term>C. </term>
+                        <listitem>
+                            <para><emphasis role="bold">Distinguishing Long and Short
+                                    Vowels</emphasis></para>
+                            <para> It is NOT ALWAYS POSSIBLE to distinguish long and short vowels in
+                                written German, as the German spelling system does not consistently
+                                mark them as such. Your best guide to the pronunciation of any given
+                                word is the way your native instructor pronounces it. However, a few
+                                hints can be given which will help you to recognize them <emphasis
+                                    role="bold">most</emphasis> of the time. If you look back at the
+                                practice lists above you will see that the short vowels in <emphasis
+                                    role="bold">most</emphasis> cases are followed by two or more
+                                consonants and they are always written with a single letter symbol.
+                                Then note that the long vowels are <emphasis role="bold">not
+                                    always</emphasis> written with a single letter symbol and
+                                usually are followed by only one consonant. The following
+                                combinations of letters always designate long vowels: ie, ih - eh,
+                                ee - ah, aa - oh, oo - uh - öh - üh </para>
+                        </listitem>
+                    </varlistentry>
+                    <varlistentry>
+                        <term>D. </term>
+                        <listitem>
+                            <para><emphasis role="bold">Diphthongs</emphasis></para>
+                            <para>These combinations of two vowel sounds in German are very similar,
+                                though not identical to certain vowel combinations in
+                                English.</para>
+                            <para><emphasis role="bold">Practice 3</emphasis></para>
+                            <informaltable>
+                                <col width="33%"/>
+                                <col width="33%"/>
+                                <col width="33%"/>
+                                <tr align="center">
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ei </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> au </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> eu (äu) </td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr align="center">
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                                            nein </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                                            auch </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                                            deutsch </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr align="center">
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                                            eins </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                                            Tau </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                                            neun </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr align="center">
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                                            Wein </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                                            Laut </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                                            läute </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                            </informaltable>
+                        </listitem>
+                    </varlistentry>
+                </variablelist></para>
+        </section>
+        <section>
+            <title>Notes on grammar</title>
+            <subtitle>(For home study)</subtitle>
+            <orderedlist numeration="upperalpha">
+                <listitem>
+                    <para> The German Noun-Classification ('Gender') System.<orderedlist
+                            numeration="upperroman">
+                            <listitem>
+                                <para>The three classes of nouns.</para>
+                                <para>
+                                    <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"><emphasis role="bold"
+                                            >Der</emphasis> Wein ist nicht gut.</foreignphrase>
+                                    <emphasis role="bold">The</emphasis> wine isn't good.</para>
+                                <para>
+                                    <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"><emphasis role="bold"
+                                            >Das</emphasis> Bier ist gut.</foreignphrase>
+                                    <emphasis role="bold">The</emphasis> beer is good.</para>
+                                <para><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                                        <emphasis role="bold">Die</emphasis> Milch ist auch
+                                        gut.</foreignphrase>
+                                    <emphasis role="bold">The</emphasis> milk is good too.</para>
+                                <orderedlist>
+                                    <listitem>
+                                        <para> German has three words for 'the': <emphasis
+                                                role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
+                                                  >der</foreignphrase></emphasis>, <emphasis
+                                                role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
+                                                  >das</foreignphrase></emphasis> and <emphasis
+                                                role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
+                                                  >die</foreignphrase></emphasis>; and German nouns
+                                            can be divided into three classes according to which of
+                                            the three words for 'the* they go with. <emphasis
+                                                role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
+                                                  >Wein</foreignphrase></emphasis> goes only with
+                                                <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
+                                                  xml:lang="de-1901">der</foreignphrase></emphasis>,
+                                            never with <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
+                                                  xml:lang="de-1901">das</foreignphrase></emphasis>,
+                                            never with <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
+                                                  xml:lang="de-1901">die</foreignphrase></emphasis>.
+                                            Bier goes only with <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
+                                                  xml:lang="de-1901">das</foreignphrase></emphasis>,
+                                            and so on.</para>
+                                    </listitem>
+                                    <listitem>
+                                        <para> We will refer to these three classes of nouns, for
+                                            obvious reasons, as <emphasis role="bold"
+                                                >der-</emphasis>nouns, <emphasis role="bold"
+                                                >das</emphasis>-nouns and <emphasis role="bold"
+                                                >die-</emphasis>nouns. (1 <emphasis role="bold"
+                                                  ><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
+                                                  >Wein</foreignphrase></emphasis> is <emphasis
+                                                role="bold">der-</emphasis>noun-' '<emphasis
+                                                role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
+                                                  >Hotel</foreignphrase></emphasis> is a <emphasis
+                                                role="bold">das-</emphasis>noun.1)</para>
+                                    </listitem>
+                                    <listitem>
+                                        <para> The traditional statement about this phenomenon is:
+                                            'German nouns have three genders—masculine, feminine,
+                                            and neuter.' we will not use this terminology because it
+                                            tends to mislead English-speaking students by suggesting
+                                            that the German noun classification has something to do
+                                            with sex differentiation. It doesn't. See paragraph
+                                            III.</para>
+                                    </listitem>
+                                    <listitem>
+                                        <para> Insofar as the <emphasis role="bold">basic
+                                                stock</emphasis> of German nouns is concerned (nouns
+                                            like house, grass, sky, wine, beer, milk), there is
+                                            absolutely no sense or rationale to the classification
+                                            system; there is no way at all of anticipating which
+                                            class any given noun belongs to. You must simply learn
+                                            the word for 'the' as a part of the noun: the German
+                                            word for 'wine1 is <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
+                                                  xml:lang="de-1901">der
+                                                Wein</foreignphrase></emphasis>. And you must
+                                            practice saying <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
+                                                  xml:lang="de-1901">der
+                                                Wein</foreignphrase></emphasis> often enough so that
+                                                <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
+                                                  xml:lang="de-1901">das
+                                                Wein</foreignphrase></emphasis> or <emphasis
+                                                role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die
+                                                  Wein</foreignphrase></emphasis> sounds as wrong to
+                                            you as 'The father of his country — Henry
+                                            Washington.'</para>
+                                    </listitem>
+                                    <listitem>
+                                        <para> Now, Henry Washington is a perfectly good name; but
+                                            it's wrong, and every^ American knows it's wrong. By the
+                                            same token, <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
+                                                  xml:lang="de-1901">das
+                                                Wein</foreignphrase></emphasis> is a perfectly good
+                                            form; but it's wrong, and every German knows it's
+                                            wrong.</para>
+                                    </listitem>
+                                    <listitem>
+                                        <para> With <emphasis role="bold">derivative</emphasis>
+                                            nouns (that is, nouns made from other words, like our
+                                            happyness, brother-hood) your problem is easier. The
+                                            classification of German derivative nouns is fairly
+                                            orderly and consistent. Nouns ending in -ung, for
+                                            example, are always <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
+                                                  xml:lang="de-1901"
+                                            >die</foreignphrase></emphasis>-nouns: <emphasis
+                                                role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die
+                                                  Verzeihung</foreignphrase></emphasis> 'the
+                                            forgiveness, the pardon. And nouns ending with the
+                                            diminutive suffixes -lein and -chen are always <emphasis
+                                                role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
+                                                  >das-</foreignphrase></emphasis>nouns: <emphasis
+                                                role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das
+                                                  Fräulein</foreignphrase></emphasis> 'the miss,
+                                            waitress,'</para>
+                                        <para>
+                                            <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
+                                                  >das Mädchen</foreignphrase></emphasis> 'the
+                                            little girl.' We will deal with the formation of the
+                                            various kinds of derivative nouns as we go along through
+                                            the units.</para>
+                                    </listitem>
+                                    <listitem>
+                                        <para> But if the classification of derivative nouns is
+                                            orderly and consistent, the classification of the basic
+                                            stock of German nouns remains virtually chaotic. There
+                                            really is no system at all for guessing Which class a
+                                            noun belongs to; it's not something you can reason out
+                                            or get the knack of. It is not the same as our <emphasis
+                                                role="bold">he-she-it</emphasis> system, as we'll
+                                            see in. a minute. There is absolutely nothing in English
+                                            like it. Your only solution is to use the nouns until
+                                            you know them as well as you know 'George
+                                            Washington.'</para>
+                                    </listitem>
+                                </orderedlist>
+                            </listitem>
+                            <listitem>
+                                <para>Pronouns Corresponding to the Three Classes of
+                                        Nouns.<informaltable frame="all">
+                                        <tgroup cols="4">
+                                            <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
+                                            <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
+                                            <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1.0*"/>
+                                            <colspec colname="c4" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*"/>
+                                            <tbody>
+                                                <row>
+                                                  <entry>Wo ist der Bahnof?</entry>
+                                                  <entry>Er ist dort.</entry>
+                                                  <entry>Where is the station?</entry>
+                                                  <entry>It's there.</entry>
+                                                </row>
+                                                <row>
+                                                  <entry>Wo ist das Hotel?</entry>
+                                                  <entry>Es ist dort.</entry>
+                                                  <entry>Where is the hotel?</entry>
+                                                  <entry>It's there.</entry>
+                                                </row>
+                                                <row>
+                                                  <entry>Wo ist die Botshaft?</entry>
+                                                  <entry>Sie ist dort.</entry>
+                                                  <entry>Where is the ambassy?</entry>
+                                                  <entry>It's there.</entry>
+                                                </row>
+                                            </tbody>
+                                        </tgroup>
+                                    </informaltable></para>
+                                <para> As these examples show, there is a special <emphasis
+                                        role="bold">pronoun</emphasis> for each of the three classes
+                                    of nouns. Notice the correspondence in the final sounds of the
+                                    pairs <emphasis role="bold">der</emphasis>-er, <emphasis
+                                        role="bold">das-es</emphasis>, and <emphasis role="bold"
+                                        >die-sie</emphasis>. This is no coincidence.</para>
+                            </listitem>
+                            <listitem>
+                                <para>Contrast between German and English Pronoun Usage.</para>
+                                <informaltable frame="all">
+                                    <tgroup cols="4">
+                                        <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
+                                        <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
+                                        <colspec colname="c3" colnum="3" colwidth="1.0*"/>
+                                        <colspec colname="c4" colnum="4" colwidth="1.0*"/>
+                                        <tbody>
+                                            <row>
+                                                <entry>Wo ist <emphasis role="bold">der</emphasis>
+                                                  Bahnhof?</entry>
+                                                <entry><emphasis role="bold">Er</emphasis> ist
+                                                  dort.</entry>
+                                                <entry>Where is <emphasis role="bold">the</emphasis>
+                                                  station?</entry>
+                                                <entry>
+                                                  <emphasis role="bold">It's</emphasis>
+                                                  there.</entry>
+                                            </row>
+                                            <row>
+                                                <entry>Wo ist <emphasis role="bold">der</emphasis>
+                                                  Mann?</entry>
+                                                <entry><emphasis role="bold">Er</emphasis> ist
+                                                  dort.</entry>
+                                                <entry>Where's <emphasis role="bold">the</emphasis>
+                                                  man?</entry>
+                                                <entry><emphasis role="bold">He's</emphasis>
+                                                  here.</entry>
+                                            </row>
+                                            <row>
+                                                <entry namest="c1" nameend="c4"/>
+                                            </row>
+                                            <row>
+                                                <entry>Wo ist <emphasis role="bold">das</emphasis>
+                                                  Hotel?</entry>
+                                                <entry><emphasis role="bold">Es</emphasis> ist
+                                                  dort.</entry>
+                                                <entry>Where is <emphasis role="bold">the</emphasis>
+                                                  hotel?</entry>
+                                                <entry>
+                                                  <emphasis role="bold">It's</emphasis>
+                                                  there.</entry>
+                                            </row>
+                                            <row>
+                                                <entry>Wo ist <emphasis role="bold">das</emphasis>
+                                                  Kind?</entry>
+                                                <entry><emphasis role="bold">Es</emphasis> ist
+                                                  dort.</entry>
+                                                <entry>Where is <emphasis role="bold">the</emphasis>
+                                                  child?</entry>
+                                                <entry>
+                                                  <para><emphasis role="bold">He's</emphasis>
+                                                  here.</para>
+                                                  <para><emphasis role="bold">She's</emphasis>
+                                                  here</para>
+                                                </entry>
+                                            </row>
+                                            <row>
+                                                <entry namest="c1" nameend="c4"/>
+                                            </row>
+                                            <row>
+                                                <entry>Wo ist <emphasis role="bold">die</emphasis>
+                                                  Botschaft?</entry>
+                                                <entry>
+                                                  <emphasis role="bold">Sie</emphasis> ist
+                                                  dort.</entry>
+                                                <entry> Where is <emphasis role="bold"
+                                                  >the</emphasis> embassy?</entry>
+                                                <entry>
+                                                  <emphasis role="bold">It's</emphasis>
+                                                  there.</entry>
+                                            </row>
+                                            <row>
+                                                <entry>Wo ist <emphasis role="bold">die</emphasis>
+                                                  Frau?</entry>
+                                                <entry><emphasis role="bold">Sie</emphasis> ist
+                                                  dort.</entry>
+                                                <entry>Where's <emphasis role="bold">the</emphasis>
+                                                  woman?</entry>
+                                                <entry><emphasis role="bold">She's</emphasis>
+                                                  here.</entry>
+                                            </row>
+                                        </tbody>
+                                    </tgroup>
+                                </informaltable>
+                                <para> These examples show that the German pronouns er, <emphasis
+                                        role="bold">sie</emphasis>, and es do not match up with the
+                                    English pronouns 'he', 'she', and 'it'. The English <emphasis
+                                        role="bold">he-she-it</emphasis> system has an entirely
+                                    different foundation from the German noun-classification
+                                    ('gender') system. In the English system, the choice of pronoun
+                                    depends upon the sex (male, female, or sexless) of some
+                                    non-linguistic entity—a man ('he'), a woman ('she'), or a table
+                                    ('it'). In the German system, on the other hand, the choice of
+                                    pronoun depends upon the linguistic classification of the noun
+                                    you are replacing, except in reference to human beings.</para>
+                            </listitem>
+                            <listitem>
+                                <para>Pronouns Referring to People.<informaltable frame="all">
+                                        <tgroup cols="4">
+                                            <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
+                                            <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
+                                            <tbody>
+                                                <row>
+                                                  <entry>Wo ist das Fraülein?</entry>
+                                                  <entry>Where is the waitress?</entry>
+                                                </row>
+                                                <row>
+                                                  <entry>Sie ist dort.</entry>
+                                                  <entry>She's there.</entry>
+                                                </row>
+                                            </tbody>
+                                        </tgroup>
+                                    </informaltable> Since all German nouns referring to men are
+                                        <emphasis role="bold">der-nouns</emphasis> and virtually all
+                                    German nouns referring to women are <emphasis role="bold"
+                                            ><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
+                                        >die</foreignphrase></emphasis>-nouns. <emphasis role="bold"
+                                            ><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
+                                        >er</foreignphrase></emphasis> and <emphasis role="bold"
+                                            ><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
+                                        >sie</foreignphrase></emphasis> correspond to 'he' and 'she'
+                                    — when they refer to <emphasis role="bold">human
+                                        beings</emphasis>. Consequently, one says <emphasis
+                                        role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
+                                            >sie</foreignphrase></emphasis> when referring to
+                                        <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das
+                                            Fräulein</foreignphrase></emphasis>. Who is, after all,
+                                    die lunge Dame 'the young lady',<emphasis role="bold"
+                                            ><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> die
+                                            Tochte</foreignphrase></emphasis>r 'the daughter',
+                                        <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die
+                                            Schwester</foreignphrase></emphasis> 'the sister', and
+                                    so on, as well as <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
+                                            xml:lang="de-1901">das
+                                        Fräulein</foreignphrase></emphasis>.</para>
+                            </listitem>
+                            <listitem>
+                                <para>No classification in the Plural.</para>
+                                <informaltable>
+                                    <col width="25%"/>
+                                    <col width="25%"/>
+                                    <col width="25%"/>
+                                    <col width="25%"/>
+                                    <tr valign="top">
+                                        <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase
+                                                xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo sind die Bahnhöfe?
+                                            </foreignphrase></td>
+                                        <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase
+                                                xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie sind hier.
+                                            </foreignphrase></td>
+                                        <td rowspan="1" align="left">Where are the stations? </td>
+                                        <td rowspan="1" align="left"> They're here. </td>
+                                    </tr>
+                                    <tr valign="top">
+                                        <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase
+                                                xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo sind die Hotels?
+                                            </foreignphrase></td>
+                                        <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase
+                                                xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie sind hier.
+                                            </foreignphrase></td>
+                                        <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Where are the
+                                            hotels? </td>
+                                        <td colspan="1" align="justify"> They're here. </td>
+                                    </tr>
+                                    <tr valign="top">
+                                        <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase
+                                                xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo sind die Frauen?
+                                            </foreignphrase></td>
+                                        <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase
+                                                xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie sind hier.
+                                            </foreignphrase></td>
+                                        <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Where are the
+                                            women? </td>
+                                        <td colspan="1" align="justify">They're here. </td>
+                                    </tr>
+                                </informaltable>
+                                <para>As these examples show, the three-fold classification we've
+                                    been discussing applies only to nouns in the singular. In the
+                                    plural, there is only one word for 'the', and only one
+                                    pronoun.</para>
+                            </listitem>
+                        </orderedlist>
+                    </para>
+                </listitem>
+                <listitem>
+                    <para>The pointing-Word <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
+                                >das</foreignphrase></emphasis>.</para>
+                    <informaltable>
+                        <col width="50%"/>
+                        <col width="50%"/>
+                        <tr valign="top">
+                            <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase
+                                    xml:lang="de-1901"> Das ist der Bahnhof, nicht wahr?
+                                </foreignphrase></td>
+                            <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> This is the station, isn't it?
+                            </td>
+                        </tr>
+                        <tr valign="top">
+                            <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase
+                                    xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja, das ist er. </foreignphrase></td>
+                            <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, that's it. </td>
+                        </tr>
+                        <tr valign="top">
+                            <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase
+                                    xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist das die Milch? </foreignphrase></td>
+                            <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Is that the milk? </td>
+                        </tr>
+                        <tr valign="top">
+                            <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase
+                                    xml:lang="de-1901"> Das ist Wasser. </foreignphrase></td>
+                            <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> This is water. </td>
+                        </tr>
+                        <tr valign="top">
+                            <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase
+                                    xml:lang="de-1901"> Sind das die Streichhölzer?
+                                </foreignphrase></td>
+                            <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Are these the matches? </td>
+                        </tr>
+                        <tr valign="top">
+                            <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase
+                                    xml:lang="de-1901"> Das sind die Zigarren. </foreignphrase></td>
+                            <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Those are the ciaars. </td>
+                        </tr>
+                    </informaltable>
+                    <orderedlist>
+                        <listitem>
+                            <para> The pointing-word <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
+                                        xml:lang="de-1901">das</foreignphrase></emphasis> (often
+                                accompanied by a pointing gesture) is used to call any <emphasis
+                                    role="bold">object</emphasis> or <emphasis role="bold">group of
+                                    objects</emphasis> to the hearer's attention, without any
+                                reference to noun classification or tö the number of objects.</para>
+                        </listitem>
+                        <listitem>
+                            <para> The pointing-word <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
+                                        xml:lang="de-1901">das</foreignphrase></emphasis> is an
+                                entirely different entity from the <emphasis role="bold"
+                                        ><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
+                                    >das</foreignphrase></emphasis> of <emphasis role="bold"
+                                        ><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das
+                                    Hotel</foreignphrase></emphasis>. The English equivalents of the
+                                pointing-word <emphasis role="bold"><foreignphrase
+                                        xml:lang="de-1901">das</foreignphrase></emphasis> are
+                                'this', <emphasis role="bold">'that', 'these', and
+                                    'those'.</emphasis></para>
+                        </listitem>
+                    </orderedlist>
+                </listitem>
+            </orderedlist>
+        </section>
+        <section>
+            <title>Substitution drill.</title>
+            <para> This section is made up of a number of model sentences. One or two words in each
+                sentence are underscored. Below each group will be found a series of isolated words.
+                The drill consists in substituting these words, one by one, for the one that is
+                underscored in the model sentence, and making necessary changes in the rest of the
+                sentence. </para>
+            <para>The instructor says the model sentence out loud, and the class repeats after him.
+                The first student makes the first substitution, the next student the second, and so
+                on. Repeat until all students have had a chance to make each substitution at least
+                once, then proceed to the next model sentence. </para>
+            <para>This drill may be done with books closed. The instructor then gives the students
+                the item to be substituted. Keep things moving along. Maintain a lively pace. If one
+                student gets stuck, the next one takes over after three or four seconds.</para>
+            <orderedlist>
+                <listitem>
+                    <para>
+                        <foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Der Flughafen ist
+                            dort.</foreignphrase><informaltable frame="all">
+                            <tgroup cols="2">
+                                <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
+                                <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
+                                <tbody>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Bahnhof - Kaffee -
+                                                Tee - Wein</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">der Bahnhof - der
+                                                Kaffee - der Tee - der Wein</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Restaurant - Bier -
+                                                Wasser - Hotel - Cafe</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das Restaurant -
+                                                das Bier - das Wasser - das Hotel - das
+                                                Cafe</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Bank - Milch -
+                                                Botschaft</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Bank - die
+                                                Milch - die Botschaft</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Streichhölzer -
+                                                Zigarren</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Streichhölzer -
+                                                die Zigarren</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Bahnhof - Hotel -
+                                                Tee - Milch - Kaffee - Restaurant - Streichhölzer -
+                                                Botschaft - Flughafen - Bier - Wein - Wasser -
+                                                Zigarren - Cafe </foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">der Bahnhof - das
+                                                Hotel - der Tee - die Milch - der Kaffee - das
+                                                Restaurant - die Streichhölzer - die Botschaft - der
+                                                Flughafen - das Bier - der Wein - das Wasser - die
+                                                Zigarren - das Café</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                </tbody>
+                            </tgroup>
+                        </informaltable></para>
+                </listitem>
+                <listitem>
+                    <para xml:lang="de-1901">Wo ist <emphasis role="bold">der
+                            Bahnhof</emphasis>?<informaltable frame="all">
+                            <tgroup cols="2">
+                                <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
+                                <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
+                                <tbody>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Flughafen - Kaffee
+                                                - Tee - Wein</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">der Flughafen - der
+                                                Kaffe - der Tee - der Wein </foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Restaurant - Bier -
+                                                Wasser - Cafe - Hotel</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das Restaurant -
+                                                das Bier - das Wasser - das Cafe - das
+                                                Hotel</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Bank - Milch -
+                                                Botschaft</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Bank - die
+                                                Milch - die Botschaft</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Streichhölzer -
+                                                Zigarren</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Streichhölzer -
+                                                die Zigarren</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Restaurant -
+                                                Flughafen - Bank - Kaffee - Wasser - Milch -
+                                                Streichhölzer - Bahnhof - Tee - Hotel - Wein - Bier
+                                                - Botschaft - Zigarren -
+                                            Cafe</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das Restaurant -
+                                                der Flughafen - die Bank - der Kaffee - das Wasser -
+                                                die Milch - die Streichhölzer - der Bahnhof - der
+                                                Tee - das Hotel - der Wein - das Bier - die
+                                                Botschaft - die Zigarren - das
+                                            Cafe</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                </tbody>
+                            </tgroup>
+                        </informaltable></para>
+                </listitem>
+                <listitem>
+                    <para xml:lang="de-1901">Wieviel kostet <emphasis role="bold">der
+                            Kaffee</emphasis>?<informaltable frame="all">
+                            <tgroup cols="2">
+                                <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
+                                <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
+                                <tbody>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wein -
+                                                Tee</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">der Wein - der
+                                                Tee</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
+                                                >Bier</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das
+                                                Bier</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Zigarren -
+                                                Streichhölzer</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Zigarren - die
+                                                Streichhölzer</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wtein - Zigarren -
+                                                Tee - Streichhölzer - Bier </foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">der Wein - die
+                                                Zigarren - der Tee - die Streichhölzer - das
+                                                Bier</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                </tbody>
+                            </tgroup>
+                        </informaltable></para>
+                </listitem>
+                <listitem>
+                    <para xml:lang="de-1901">Wie ist <emphasis role="bold">das
+                            Bier</emphasis>?<informaltable frame="all">
+                            <tgroup cols="2">
+                                <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
+                                <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
+                                <tbody>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wasser - Hotel -
+                                                Restaurant - Cafe</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das Wasser - das
+                                                Hotel - das Restaurant - das
+                                            Café</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Kaffee - Tee - Wein
+                                            </foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">der Kaffee - der
+                                                Tee - der Wein</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Bank -
+                                                Milch</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Bank - die
+                                                Milch</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Zigarren -
+                                                Streichhölzer</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Zigarren - die
+                                                Streichhölzer</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Bier - Tee - Hotel
+                                                - Wein - Wasser - Kaffee - Milch -Zigarren - Caf£ -
+                                                Bank - Streichhölzer</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das Bier - der Tee
+                                                - das Hotel - der Wein - das Wasser - der Kaffee -
+                                                die Milch - die Zigarren - das Cafe - die Bank - die
+                                                Streichhölzer</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                </tbody>
+                            </tgroup>
+                        </informaltable></para>
+                </listitem>
+                <listitem>
+                    <para xml:lang="de-1901"><emphasis role="bold">Das Hotel</emphasis> ist
+                            gut.<informaltable frame="all">
+                            <tgroup cols="2">
+                                <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
+                                <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
+                                <tbody>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Bier - Restaurant -
+                                                Wasser - Cafe</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das Bier - das
+                                                Restaurant - das Wasser - das
+                                            Cafe</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wein - Kaffee -
+                                                Tee </foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">der Wein - der
+                                                Kaffee - der Tee</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Milch -
+                                                Bank</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Milch - die
+                                                Bank</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Zigarren -
+                                                Streichhölzer</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Zigarren - die
+                                                Streichhölzer</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Bier - Wein -
+                                                Restaurant - Kaffee - Bank - Tee - Hotel -
+                                                Streichhölzer - Wasser - Zigarren - Cafe - Milch
+                                            </foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das Bier - der Wein
+                                                - das Restaurant - der Kaffee - die Bank - der Tee -
+                                                das Hotel - die Streichhölzer - das Wasser - die
+                                                Zigarren - das Cafe - die
+                                            Milch</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                </tbody>
+                            </tgroup>
+                        </informaltable></para>
+                </listitem>
+                <listitem>
+                    <para xml:lang="de-1901"><emphasis role="bold">Das Hotel</emphasis> ist da
+                            drüben.<informaltable frame="all">
+                            <tgroup cols="2">
+                                <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
+                                <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
+                                <tbody>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Restaurant - Bier -
+                                                Wasser - Cafe</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das Restaurant -
+                                                das Bier - das Wasser - das
+                                            Café</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Flughafen - Bahnhof
+                                                - Kaffee - Tee - Wein </foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">der Flughafen - der
+                                                Bahnhof - der Kaffee - der Tee - der
+                                                Wein</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Botschaft - Milch
+                                                - Bank</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Botschaft - die
+                                                Milch - die Bank</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Streichhölzer -
+                                                Zigarren</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Streichhölzer -
+                                                die Zigarren</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Hotel - Restaurant
+                                                - Tee - Milch - Bier - Kaffee - Botschaft - Wein -
+                                                Zigarren - Streichhölzer - Cafe - Bank
+                                            </foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das Hotel - das
+                                                Restaurant - der Tee - die Milch - das Bier - der
+                                                Kaffee - die Botschaft - der Wein - die Zigarren -
+                                                die Streichhölzer - das Café - die
+                                                Bank</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                </tbody>
+                            </tgroup>
+                        </informaltable></para>
+                </listitem>
+                <listitem>
+                    <para xml:lang="de-1901">Das ist <emphasis role="bold">der
+                            Flughafen</emphasis>.<informaltable frame="all">
+                            <tgroup cols="2">
+                                <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
+                                <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
+                                <tbody>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Bahnhof - Wein -
+                                                Tee - Kaffee</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">der Bahnhof - der
+                                                Wein - der Tee - der Kaffee</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Hotel - Restaurant
+                                                - Bier - Café</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das Hotel - das
+                                                Restaurant - das Bier - das
+                                            Café</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Bank - Botschaft -
+                                                Milch</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Bank - die
+                                                Botschaft - die Milch</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Streichhölzer -
+                                                Zigarren</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Streichhölzer -
+                                                die Zigarren</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Botschaft -
+                                                Flughafen - Hotel - Milch - Restaurant - Bahnhof -
+                                                Bier - Wein - Tee - Zigarren - Café -
+                                                Bank</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die Botschaft - der
+                                                Flughafen - das Hotel - die Milch - das Restaurant -
+                                                der Bahnhof - das Bier - der Wein - der Tee - die
+                                                Zigarren - das Cafe - die
+                                            Bank</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                </tbody>
+                            </tgroup>
+                        </informaltable></para>
+                </listitem>
+                <listitem>
+                    <para xml:lang="de-1901">Hier ist <emphasis role="bold">Herr Becker</emphasis>.
+                        Hier ist <emphasis role="bold">er</emphasis>.<informaltable frame="all">
+                            <tgroup cols="2">
+                                <colspec colname="c1" colnum="1" colwidth="1.0*"/>
+                                <colspec colname="c2" colnum="2" colwidth="1.0*"/>
+                                <tbody>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Flughafen - Bahnhof
+                                                - Wein - Tee - Kaffee - Herr
+                                            Keller</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">der Flughafen.er -
+                                                der Bahnhof.er - der Wein.er - der Tee.er - der
+                                                Kaffee.er - Herr Keller.er</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Frau Kunze - Milch
+                                                - Botschaft - Bank - Frau
+                                            Schneider</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Frau Kunze.sie -
+                                                die Milch.sie - die Botschaft.sie - die Bank.sie -
+                                                Frau Schneider.sie</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Restaurant - Bier -
+                                                Wasser - Café - Hotel</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das Restaurant.es -
+                                                das Bier.es - das Wasser.es - das Caf£.es - das
+                                                Hotel.es</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Streichhölzer -
+                                                Zigarren - Herr und Frau
+                                            Becker</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">die
+                                                Streichhölzer.sie - die Zigarren.sie - Herr und Frau
+                                                Becker.sie</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                    <row>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Bier - Milch -
+                                                Wasser - Wein - Streichhölzer - Bahnhof - Restaurant
+                                                - Zigarren - Hotel - Herr und Frau Becker -
+                                                Botschaft - Tee - Cafe - Frau Schneider - Flughafen
+                                                - Herr Keller - Bank - Kaffee
+                                            </foreignphrase></entry>
+                                        <entry><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">das Bier.es - die
+                                                Milch.sie - das Wasser.es - der Wein.er - die
+                                                Streichhölzer.sie - der Bahnhof.er - das
+                                                Restaurant.es - die Zigarren.sie - das Hotel.es -
+                                                Herr und Frau Becker. sie - die Botschaft.sie - der
+                                                Tee.er - das Cafe.es - Frau Schneider.sie - der
+                                                Flughafen.er - Herr Keller.er - die Bank.sie - der
+                                                Kaffee.er</foreignphrase></entry>
+                                    </row>
+                                </tbody>
+                            </tgroup>
+                        </informaltable></para>
+                </listitem>
+            </orderedlist>
+            <para> </para>
+        </section>
+        <section>
+            <title>Variation drill</title>
+            <para> This section is made up of several groups of sentences. Each group is headed by a
+                model sentence which is underscored. The instructor reads the model sentence out
+                loud, and the class repeats after him. The first student then gives the German
+                version of the first English variation sentence under the model sentence. The next
+                student takes the second sentence, and so on. </para>
+            <para>While doing this drill, STUDENTS MUST COVER THE RIGHT-HAND SIDE OF THE PAGE </para>
+            <para>English versions must be read silently, and the German version must be given
+                without stopping, with the proper pronunciation, including intonation. If you have
+                to 'translate* word by word you need more practice with the basic sentences. </para>
+            <para>The instructor must insist on COMPLETE SENTENCES.<orderedlist>
+                    <listitem>
+                        <informaltable>
+                            <col width="10%"/>
+                            <col width="45%"/>
+                            <col width="45%"/>
+                            <thead>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
+                                            > Ich verstehe Sie. </foreignphrase></th>
+                                    <th align="center"> I understand you. </th>
+                                </tr>
+                            </thead>
+                            <tbody>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td> a. </td>
+                                    <td> I understand you well. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ich verstehe Sie gut.
+                                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td> b. </td>
+                                    <td> I understand you very well. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ich verstehe Sie sehr
+                                            gut. </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td> c. </td>
+                                    <td> I understand you well, too. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ich verstehe Sie auch
+                                            gut. </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td> d. </td>
+                                    <td> I don't understand you. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ich verstehe Sie nicht.
+                                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td> e. </td>
+                                    <td> I don't understand you either. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ich verstehe Sie auch
+                                            nicht. </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                            </tbody>
+                        </informaltable>
+                    </listitem>
+                    <listitem>
+                        <para>
+                            <informaltable>
+                                <col width="10%"/>
+                                <col width="45%"/>
+                                <col width="45%"/>
+                                <thead>
+                                    <tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                                xml:lang="de-1901"> Verstehen Sie mich?
+                                            </foreignphrase></th>
+                                        <th align="center"> Do you understand me? </th>
+                                    </tr>
+                                </thead>
+                                <tbody>
+                                    <tr>
+                                        <td>a. </td>
+                                        <td> Do you understand me well? </td>
+                                        <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Verstehen Sie mich
+                                                gut? </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    </tr>
+                                    <tr>
+                                        <td> b. </td>
+                                        <td> Do you understand me well to? </td>
+                                        <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Verstehen Sie mich
+                                                auch gut? </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    </tr>
+                                    <tr>
+                                        <td> c. </td>
+                                        <td> Don't you understand me? </td>
+                                        <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Verstehen Sie mich
+                                                nicht? </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    </tr>
+                                    <tr>
+                                        <td> d. </td>
+                                        <td> Don't you understand me either? </td>
+                                        <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Verstehen Sie mich
+                                                auch nicht? </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    </tr>
+                                    <tr>
+                                        <td> e. </td>
+                                        <td> Don't you understand me well either? </td>
+                                        <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Verstehen Sie mich
+                                                auch nicht gut? </foreignphrase></td>
+                                    </tr>
+                                </tbody>
+                            </informaltable>
+                        </para>
+                    </listitem>
+                    <listitem>
+                        <informaltable>
+                            <col width="10%"/>
+                            <col width="45%"/>
+                            <col width="45%"/>
+                            <thead>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
+                                            > Wo ist der Flughafen?</foreignphrase></th>
+                                    <th align="center"> Where is the airport?</th>
+                                </tr>
+                            </thead>
+                            <tr>
+                                <td>a. </td>
+                                <td> There is the airport. </td>
+                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Da ist der Flughafen.
+                                    </foreignphrase></td>
+                            </tr>
+                            <tr>
+                                <td>b. </td>
+                                <td> Is that the airport? </td>
+                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist das der Flughafen?
+                                    </foreignphrase></td>
+                            </tr>
+                            <tr>
+                                <td>c. </td>
+                                <td> Yes, that's the airport. </td>
+                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja, das ist der Flughafen.
+                                    </foreignphrase></td>
+                            </tr>
+                            <tr>
+                                <td>d. </td>
+                                <td> No, that's not the airport. </td>
+                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Nein, das ist nicht der
+                                        Flughafen. </foreignphrase></td>
+                            </tr>
+                            <tr>
+                                <td>e. </td>
+                                <td> Is the airport over there? </td>
+                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist der Flughafen da drüben?
+                                    </foreignphrase></td>
+                            </tr>
+                            <tr>
+                                <td>f. </td>
+                                <td> Yes, it's over there. </td>
+                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja, er ist da drüben.
+                                    </foreignphrase></td>
+                            </tr>
+                            <tr>
+                                <td>g. </td>
+                                <td> No, it's not over there. </td>
+                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Nein, er ist nicht da drüben.
+                                    </foreignphrase></td>
+                            </tr>
+                        </informaltable>
+                        <para> Repeat the same drill and for airport substitute: hotel - embassy -
+                            restaurant - station.</para>
+                    </listitem>
+                    <listitem>
+                        <para>
+                            <informaltable>
+                                <col width="10%"/>
+                                <col width="45%"/>
+                                <col width="45%"/>
+                                <thead>
+                                    <tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                                xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo sind die Streichhölzer?
+                                            </foreignphrase></th>
+                                        <th align="center"> Where are the matches? </th>
+                                    </tr>
+                                </thead>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
+                                    <td> Where are they? </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo sind sie?
+                                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
+                                    <td> There are the matches. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Da sind die
+                                            Streichhölzer. </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
+                                    <td> There they are. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Da sind sie.
+                                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
+                                    <td> Are the matches over them? </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sind die Streichhölzer da
+                                            drüben? </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e.</td>
+                                    <td> Yes, the matches are over there. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja, die Streichhölzer
+                                            sind da drüben. </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> f.</td>
+                                    <td> They're over there. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie sind da drüben.
+                                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                            </informaltable>
+                        </para>
+                        <para>Repeat the same drill and for potatoes substitute: cigars - Mr. and
+                            Mrs. Kunze. </para>
+                    </listitem>
+                    <listitem>
+                        <para>
+                            <informaltable>
+                                <col width="10%"/>
+                                <col width="45%"/>
+                                <col width="45%"/>
+                                <thead>
+                                    <tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                                xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie ist die Milch?
+                                            </foreignphrase></th>
+                                        <th align="center"> How's the milk? </th>
+                                    </tr>
+                                </thead>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
+                                    <td> It's good. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie ist gut.
+                                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
+                                    <td> It's very good. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie ist sehr gut.
+                                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
+                                    <td> The water is good too. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das Wasser ist auch gut.
+                                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
+                                    <td> It's very good too. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Es ist auch sehr gut.
+                                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                            </informaltable>
+                        </para>
+                    </listitem>
+                    <listitem>
+                        <para>
+                            <informaltable>
+                                <col width="10%"/>
+                                <col width="45%"/>
+                                <col width="45%"/>
+                                <thead>
+                                    <tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                                xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie ist das Bier?
+                                            </foreignphrase></th>
+                                        <th align="center"> How's the beer? </th>
+                                    </tr>
+                                </thead>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
+                                    <td> It's good. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Es ist gut.
+                                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
+                                    <td> It's very good. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Es ist sehr gut.
+                                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
+                                    <td> The cigars are good too. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Die Zigarren sind auch
+                                            gut. </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
+                                    <td> They're very good too. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie sind auch sehr gut.
+                                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                            </informaltable>
+                        </para>
+                    </listitem>
+                    <listitem>
+                        <para>
+                            <informaltable>
+                                <col width="10%"/>
+                                <col width="45%"/>
+                                <col width="45%"/>
+                                <thead>
+                                    <tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                                xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie ist der Tee?
+                                            </foreignphrase></th>
+                                        <th align="center"> How's the tea? </th>
+                                    </tr>
+                                </thead>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
+                                    <td> It's not good. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Er ist nicht gut.
+                                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
+                                    <td> It's very good. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Er ist sehr gut.
+                                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
+                                    <td> The milk isn't good either. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Die Milch ist auch nicht
+                                            gut. </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
+                                    <td> It's not very good either. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie ist auch nicht sehr
+                                            gut. </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e.</td>
+                                    <td> Yes. they are very good. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja, sie sind sehr gut.
+                                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                            </informaltable>
+                        </para>
+                    </listitem>
+                    <listitem>
+                        <para>
+                            <informaltable>
+                                <col width="10%"/>
+                                <col width="45%"/>
+                                <col width="45%"/>
+                                <thead>
+                                    <tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                                xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie sind die Streichhölzer?
+                                            </foreignphrase></th>
+                                        <th align="center"> How are the matches? </th>
+                                    </tr>
+                                </thead>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
+                                    <td> They're not good. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie sind nicht gut.
+                                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
+                                    <td> They're not very good. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie sind nicht sehr gut.
+                                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">The wine is not good either.</td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der Wein ist auch nicht
+                                            gut. Er ist auch nicht sehr gut. </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">It's not very good either.</td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Er ist auch nicht sehr
+                                            gut. </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                            </informaltable>
+                        </para>
+                    </listitem>
+                    <listitem>
+                        <para>
+                            <informaltable>
+                                <col width="10%"/>
+                                <col width="45%"/>
+                                <col width="45%"/>
+                                <thead>
+                                    <tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                                xml:lang="de-1901"> Das kostet viel.
+                                            </foreignphrase></th>
+                                        <th align="center"> That costs a lot. </th>
+                                    </tr>
+                                </thead>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
+                                    <td> How much does that cost? </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie viel kostet das?
+                                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
+                                    <td> Does that cost much? </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Kostet das viel?
+                                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
+                                    <td> That doesn't cost much. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das kostet nicht viel.
+                                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
+                                    <td> That doesn't cost much either. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das kostet auch nicht
+                                            viel. </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e.</td>
+                                    <td> That costs three marks. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das kostet drei Mark.
+                                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> f.</td>
+                                    <td> That costs three marks, too. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das kostet auch drei
+                                            Mark. </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                            </informaltable>
+                        </para>
+                    </listitem>
+                    <listitem>
+                        <para>
+                            <informaltable>
+                                <col width="10%"/>
+                                <col width="45%"/>
+                                <col width="45%"/>
+                                <thead>
+                                    <tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                                xml:lang="de-1901"> Das Bier ist out.
+                                            </foreignphrase></th>
+                                        <th align="center"> The beer is good. </th>
+                                    </tr>
+                                </thead>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
+                                    <td> The wine is not good. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der Wein ist nicht gut.
+                                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
+                                    <td> The coffee is good, too. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der Kaffee ist auch gut.
+                                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
+                                    <td> The restaurant is very good. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das Restaurant ist sehr
+                                            gut. </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
+                                    <td> Is the tea good? </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist der Tee gut?
+                                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e.</td>
+                                    <td> Ho, the tea isn't very good. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Nein, der Tee ist nicht
+                                            sehr gut. </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> f.</td>
+                                    <td> Is the café good? </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist das Café gut?
+                                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                            </informaltable>
+                        </para>
+                    </listitem>
+                    <listitem>
+                        <para>
+                            <informaltable>
+                                <col width="10%"/>
+                                <col width="45%"/>
+                                <col width="45%"/>
+                                <thead>
+                                    <tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                                xml:lang="de-1901"> Die Streichhölzer sind nicht
+                                                sehr gut.</foreignphrase></th>
+                                        <th align="center"> The matches are not very good. </th>
+                                    </tr>
+                                </thead>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
+                                    <td> The beer and the wine are good.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                                            Das Bier und der Wein sind gut.</foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">The cigars are good, too.</td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Die Zigarren sind auch
+                                            gut. </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
+                                    <td> Are the coffee and the tea good? </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sind der Kaffee und der
+                                            Tee gut? </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
+                                    <td> Yes. they are very good. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja, sie sind sehr gut.
+                                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                            </informaltable>
+                        </para>
+                    </listitem>
+                    <listitem>
+                        <informaltable>
+                            <col width="10%"/>
+                            <col width="45%"/>
+                            <col width="45%"/>
+                            <thead>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
+                                            > Wo ist der Flughafen? Er ist dort rechts.
+                                        </foreignphrase></th>
+                                    <th align="center">Where is the airport? It's there to the
+                                        right.</th>
+                                </tr>
+                            </thead>
+                            <tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
+                                <td>Where Is the café? It's there to the left.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wo ist
+                                        das Café? Es ist dort links.</foreignphrase></td>
+                            </tr>
+                            <tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Where Is the restaurant? It's there,
+                                    too.</td>
+                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wo ist das Restaurant? Es ist
+                                        auch dort.</foreignphrase></td>
+                            </tr>
+                            <tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
+                                <td>Where is the bank? It's there straight ahead.</td>
+                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wo ist die Bank? Sie ist dort
+                                        geradeaus.</foreignphrase></td>
+                            </tr>
+                            <tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
+                                <td>Where is Mr. Schneider? He is here.</td>
+                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wo ist Herr Schneider? Er ist
+                                        hier.</foreignphrase></td>
+                            </tr>
+                            <tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e.</td>
+                                <td>Where is Mrs. Schneider? She's here, too.</td>
+                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wo ist Frau Schneider? Sie ist
+                                        auch hier.</foreignphrase></td>
+                            </tr>
+                            <tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> f.</td>
+                                <td>Where is the station? It's over there, to the right</td>
+                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wo ist der Bahnhof? Er ist da
+                                        drüben, rechts. </foreignphrase></td>
+                            </tr>
+                        </informaltable>
+                    </listitem>
+                    <listitem>
+                        <informaltable>
+                            <col width="10%"/>
+                            <col width="45%"/>
+                            <col width="45%"/>
+                            <thead>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
+                                            >Wie ist der Kaffee? Er 1st out.</foreignphrase></th>
+                                    <th align="center">How is the coffee? It is good.</th>
+                                </tr>
+                            </thead>
+                            <tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
+                                <td>How is the milk? It's very good.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wie
+                                        ist die Milch? Sie ist sehr gut.</foreignphrase></td>
+                            </tr>
+                            <tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">How is the water? It's good, too.</td>
+                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wie ist das Wasser? Es ist
+                                        auch gut.</foreignphrase></td>
+                            </tr>
+                            <tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
+                                <td>How is the hotel? it's not very good.</td>
+                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wie ist das Hotel? Es ist
+                                        nicht sehr gut.</foreignphrase></td>
+                            </tr>
+                            <tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
+                                <td>How is the beer? It's very good here.</td>
+                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wie ist das Bier? Es ist hier
+                                        sehr gut</foreignphrase></td>
+                            </tr>
+                            <tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e.</td>
+                                <td>How is the tea? It's not good.</td>
+                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wie ist der Tee? Er ist nicht
+                                        gut.</foreignphrase></td>
+                            </tr>
+                            <tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> f.</td>
+                                <td>How is the wine? It's very good, too.</td>
+                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Wie ist der Wein? Er ist auch
+                                        sehr gut. </foreignphrase></td>
+                            </tr>
+                        </informaltable>
+                    </listitem>
+                    <listitem>
+                        <informaltable>
+                            <col width="10%"/>
+                            <col width="45%"/>
+                            <col width="45%"/>
+                            <thead>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
+                                            >Ich möchte gern Zigaretten haben.</foreignphrase></th>
+                                    <th align="center"> I'd like to have some cigarettes.
+                                        please.</th>
+                                </tr>
+                            </thead>
+                            <tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
+                                <td>Would you like to have some cigars, too?</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
+                                        >Möchten Sie auch Zigarren haben?</foreignphrase></td>
+                            </tr>
+                            <tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">I'd like to have some matches.</td>
+                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ich möchte gern Streichhölzer
+                                        haben.</foreignphrase></td>
+                            </tr>
+                            <tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
+                                <td>Would you like to have some bread?</td>
+                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Möchten Sie etwas Brot
+                                        haben?</foreignphrase></td>
+                            </tr>
+                            <tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
+                                <td> I'd like to have some milk.</td>
+                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ich möchte gern Milch
+                                        haben.</foreignphrase></td>
+                            </tr>
+                            <tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e.</td>
+                                <td>I'd like to have some sausage and sauerkraut.</td>
+                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Ich möchte gern Bratwurst mit
+                                        Sauerkraut haben. </foreignphrase></td>
+                            </tr>
+                        </informaltable>
+                    </listitem>
+                    <listitem>
+                        <informaltable>
+                            <col width="10%"/>
+                            <col width="45%"/>
+                            <col width="45%"/>
+                            <thead>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
+                                            > Ich möchte gerne essen.</foreignphrase></th>
+                                    <th align="center">I'd like to eat.</th>
+                                </tr>
+                            </thead>
+                            <tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
+                                <td>What would you like to eat?</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Was
+                                        möchten Sie essen?</foreignphrase></td>
+                            </tr>
+                            <tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> I'd like to eat some sausage and
+                                    sauerkraut.</td>
+                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Ich möchte Bratwurst mit
+                                        Sauerkraut essen.</foreignphrase></td>
+                            </tr>
+                            <tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
+                                <td>Would you also like to eat some bread? Yes, I'd like to eat some
+                                    bread. </td>
+                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Möchten Sie auch Brot essen?
+                                        Ja, ich möchte gern etwas Brot essen. </foreignphrase></td>
+                            </tr>
+                        </informaltable>
+                    </listitem>
+                    <listitem>
+                        <informaltable>
+                            <col width="10%"/>
+                            <col width="45%"/>
+                            <col width="45%"/>
+                            <thead>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"
+                                            >Das ist der Bahnhof.</foreignphrase></th>
+                                    <th align="center">That's the railroad station.</th>
+                                </tr>
+                            </thead>
+                            <tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
+                                <td>Is that the embassy?</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Ist
+                                        das die Botschaft?</foreignphrase></td>
+                            </tr>
+                            <tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">No, that's not the embassy.</td>
+                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Nein, das ist nicht die
+                                        Botschaft.</foreignphrase></td>
+                            </tr>
+                            <tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
+                                <td>That's the hotel. Is that Mr. Kunze?</td>
+                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Das ist das Hotel. Ist das
+                                        Herr Kunze?</foreignphrase></td>
+                            </tr>
+                            <tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
+                                <td>No, that's not Mr. Kunze.</td>
+                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Nein, das ist nicht Herr
+                                        Kunze.</foreignphrase></td>
+                            </tr>
+                            <tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e.</td>
+                                <td>That's Mr. Schneider.</td>
+                                <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">Das ist Herr Schneider.
+                                    </foreignphrase></td>
+                            </tr>
+                        </informaltable>
+                    </listitem>
+                    <listitem>
+                        <para>
+                            <informaltable>
+                                <col width="10%"/>
+                                <col width="45%"/>
+                                <col width="45%"/>
+                                <thead>
+                                    <tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                                xml:lang="de-1901"> Hier ist das Hotel.
+                                            </foreignphrase></th>
+                                        <th align="center"> Here is the hotel. </th>
+                                    </tr>
+                                </thead>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td> a. </td>
+                                    <td> There's the restaurant. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Dort ist das Restaurant.
+                                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td> b. </td>
+                                    <td> Over there is the airport. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Da drüben ist der
+                                            Flughafen. </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td> c. </td>
+                                    <td> There to the right is the embassy. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Dort rechts ist die
+                                            Botschaft. </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td> d. </td>
+                                    <td> Here on the left is the station. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Hier links ist der
+                                            Bahnhof. </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td> e. </td>
+                                    <td> Over there, to the right is the cafe. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Da drüben, rechts, ist
+                                            das Cafe. </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                            </informaltable>
+                        </para>
+                    </listitem>
+                    <listitem>
+                        <para>
+                            <informaltable>
+                                <col width="10%"/>
+                                <col width="45%"/>
+                                <col width="45%"/>
+                                <thead>
+                                    <tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                                xml:lang="de-1901"> Die Zigarren kosten fünf Mark.
+                                            </foreignphrase></th>
+                                        <th align="center"> The cigars cost five marks. </th>
+                                    </tr>
+                                </thead>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td> a. </td>
+                                    <td> The beer costs one mark. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das Bier kostet eine
+                                            Mark. </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td> b. </td>
+                                    <td> The wine costs two marks ten. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der Wein kostet zwei Mark
+                                            zehn. </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td> c. </td>
+                                    <td> The matches cost ten pennies. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Die Streichhölzer kosten
+                                            zehn Pfennig. </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td> d. </td>
+                                    <td> The coffee costs three marks eight. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der Kaffee kostet drei
+                                            Mark acht. </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td> e. </td>
+                                    <td> The tea costs two marks four. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der Tee kostet zwei Mark
+                                            vier. </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td> f. </td>
+                                    <td> The milk costs twelve pennies. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Die Milch kostet zwölf
+                                            Pfennig. </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td> g </td>
+                                    <td> Bratwurst and sauerkraut costs two marks five. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut
+                                            kostet zwei Mark fünf. </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                            </informaltable>
+                        </para>
+                    </listitem>
+                    <listitem>
+                        <para>
+                            <informaltable>
+                                <col width="10%"/>
+                                <col width="45%"/>
+                                <col width="45%"/>
+                                <thead>
+                                    <tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><foreignphrase
+                                                xml:lang="de-1901"> Drei und vier ist sieben.
+                                            </foreignphrase></th>
+                                        <th align="center"> Three and four is seven. </th>
+                                    </tr>
+                                </thead>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td> a. </td>
+                                    <td> Five and three is eight. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Fünf und drei ist acht.
+                                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td> b. </td>
+                                    <td> How much is two and six? </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie viel ist zwei und
+                                            sechs? </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td> c. </td>
+                                    <td> Seven and five is twelve. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sieben und fünf ist
+                                            zwölf. </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td> d. </td>
+                                    <td> Three and three is six. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Drei und drei ist sechs.
+                                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td> e. </td>
+                                    <td> How much is seven and four? </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie viel ist sieben und
+                                            vier? </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td> f. </td>
+                                    <td> Is nine and one eleven? </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist neun und eins elf?
+                                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                                <tr>
+                                    <td> g. </td>
+                                    <td> No, nine and one is ten. </td>
+                                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Nein, neun und eins ist
+                                            zehn. </foreignphrase></td>
+                                </tr>
+                            </informaltable>
+                        </para>
+                    </listitem>
+                </orderedlist></para>
+        </section>
+        <section>
+            <title>Translation drill </title>
+            <para> Students cover right-hand side of page and take turns giving the German version
+                of the sentences in English column. The instructor must insist that each student
+                give his version without hesitation. Go over the drill several times, until each
+                student has had an opportunity to give all sentences.</para>
+            <para> Unless students can do this drill confidently, they need more preparation.</para>
+            <informaltable>
+                <col width="10%"/>
+                <col width="45%"/>
+                <col width="45%"/>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 1. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Is that the embassy? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
+                            das die Botschaft? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 2. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> No, that's not the embassy, that is
+                        the hotel. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Nein, das ist nicht die Botschaft, das ist das Hotel.
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 3 .</td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> The embassy is over there, to the
+                        left. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Die
+                            Botschaft ist da drüben, links. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 4. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> How is the beer, is it good? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
+                            ist das Bier, ist es gut? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 5. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> No, it's not very good. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Nein, es ist nicht sehr gut. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 6. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> What is that there, the airport? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Was
+                            ist das dort, der Flughafen? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 7. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, that's the airport. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
+                            das ist der Flughafen. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 8. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Is Mr. Becker here? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
+                            Herr Becker hier? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 9. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> No, he isn't (here). </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Nein, er ist nicht hier. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">10. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Is the wine good here? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
+                            hier der Wein gut? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">11. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, it is (good here). </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
+                            er ist gut hier. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">12. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Where is Miss Schneider? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo
+                            ist Fräulein Schneider? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">13. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Isn't she here? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
+                            sie nicht hier? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">14. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> No, she isn't (here). </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Nein, sie ist nicht hier. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">15. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> How much does sausage and sauerkraut
+                        cost? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
+                            viel kostet Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">16. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> It doesn't cost much. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Es
+                            kostet nicht viel. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">17. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Where are the cigars? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo
+                            sind die Zigarren? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">18. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Aren't they here? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sind
+                            sie nicht hier? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">19. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> No, they aren't (here). </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Nein, sie sind nicht hier. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">20. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> They cost four marks. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie
+                            kosten vier Mark. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">21. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Do you understand me? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Verstehen Sie mich? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">22. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> What did you say? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
+                            bitte? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">23. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, I understand you very well. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
+                            ich verstehe Sie sehr gut. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">24. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Would you like to eat? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Möchten Sie gern essen? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left">25 </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> Yes, I would. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
+                            gerne. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+            </informaltable>
+        </section>
+        <section>
+            <title>Response drill </title>
+            <para> Students are to prepare this drill at home. The questions are generally directed
+                toward the situation or situations presented in the Basic Sentences. The answers
+                suggested are obviously not the only possible answers to these questions, and the
+                student should feel free to vary them or to replace them by his own formulations ad
+                libitum, within the limitations of structure and vocabulary covered.</para>
+            <informaltable>
+                <col width="10%"/>
+                <col width="45%"/>
+                <col width="45%"/>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 1. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo
+                            ist Herr Becker? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Er
+                            ist dort drüben. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 2. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
+                            das Frau Kunze? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Nein, das ist nicht Frau Kunze. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 3.</td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo
+                            sind Herr und Frau Schneider? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Herr
+                            und Frau Schneider sind hier. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 4. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
+                            geht es Ihnen? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Danke gut. Und Ihnen? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 5.</td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Verstehen Sie mich? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
+                            ich verstehe Sie gut. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 6. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Verstehen Sie mich auch gut? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Nein, ich verstehe Sie nicht. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 7.</td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo
+                            ist der Bahnhof? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der
+                            Bahnhof ist dort rechts. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 8. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
+                            das der Bahnhof? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Nein, das ist nicht der Bahnhof. Er ist dort, geradeaus.
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 9.</td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo
+                            ist der Flughafen? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Er
+                            ist dort drüben. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 10. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
+                            das Hotel dort links? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Nein, es ist dort rechts. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 11. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das
+                            Restaurant ist dort drüben, nicht wahr? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
+                            es ist dort drüben, geradeaus. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 12. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Was
+                            ist das dort? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das
+                            ist die Botschaft. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 13. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo
+                            ist hier die Bank? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Die
+                            Bank ist hier links. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 14. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> 1st
+                            das die Botschaft da drüben? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
+                            das ist die Botschaft. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 15. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
+                            ist das Cafe? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das
+                            Cafe ist sehr gut. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 16. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
+                            das Restaurant auch gut? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Nein, das Restaurant ist nicht sehr gut. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 17. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
+                            sagt man "good bye" auf deutsch? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Man
+                            sagt "Auf Wiedersehen". </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 18.</td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
+                            sagt man "thank you" auf deutsch? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Man
+                            sagt "Danke schön". </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 19. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Was
+                            möchten Sie haben? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ich
+                            möchte zehn Zigaretten haben. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 20. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Möchten Sie auch Zigarren haben? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
+                            ich möchte auch Zigarren haben. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 21. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
+                            viele möchten Sie haben? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Vier, bitte. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 22. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Möchten Sie auch Streichhölzer haben? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
+                            ich möchte auch Streichhölzer haben. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 23. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
+                            viel kosten die Zigarren? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Die
+                            Zigarren kosten eine Mark. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 24. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Kostet das Bier eine Mark? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Nein, es kostet eine Mark zehn. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 25. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
+                            viel kostet der Wein? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Er
+                            kostet sechs Mark fünf. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 26. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
+                            viel kosten der Kaffee und der Tee? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der
+                            Kaffee und der Tee kosten fünf Mark zwölf. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 27. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Möchten Sie gern etwas essen? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
+                            ich möchte gern etwas essen. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 28. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Was
+                            möchten Sie essen? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ich
+                            möchte Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut essen. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 29. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Möchten Sie auch Brot essen? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
+                            ich möchte auch etwas Brot essen. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 30. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
+                            ist hier das Bier? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das
+                            Bier ist hier sehr gut. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 31. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
+                            der Wein auch gut? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
+                            der Wein ist auch sehr gut. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 32. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
+                            ist der Kaffee? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der
+                            Kaffee ist nicht gut. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 33. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
+                            der Tee auch nicht gut? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Nein, er ist auch nicht gut. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 34. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
+                            die Milch gut? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> ja,
+                            die Milch ist sehr gut. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 35. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
+                            viel ist zwei und zwei? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Zwei
+                            und zwei ist vier. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 36. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
+                            drei und vier acht? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Nein, drei und vier ist sieben. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 37. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
+                            viel ist fünf und vier? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Fünf
+                            und vier ist neun. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> 38. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
+                            sechs und fünf zwölf? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Nein, sechs und fünf ist nicht zwölf. Sechs und fünf ist elf.
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+            </informaltable>
+        </section>
+        <section>
+            <title>Conversation practice</title>
+            <para> Students keep books closed. Preparation before class is recommended.</para>
+            <para> The instructor reads one conversational bout three or four times, out loud, at
+                normal speed. Class listens and students memorize.</para>
+            <para> The instructor and one student now 'play back' the conversation. Repeat each bout
+                until each student has taken each part once. Then proceed to the next bout.</para>
+            <para> Keep the ball rolling. If students are hesitant, abandon this drill for the day.
+                Students will prepare themselves at home for the next repetition of the
+                drill.</para>
+            <para> The instructor will POSTPONE CORRECTING OF MISTAKES during a bout until after it
+                is concluded so as not to discourage the student. After the bout, the instructor
+                simply says the mistaken or mispronounced item to the student and has him repeat it
+                after him.</para>
+            <informaltable>
+                <col width="10%"/>
+                <col width="90%"/>
+                <tr>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center" valign="top">
+                        <emphasis role="bold">1</emphasis>
+                    </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> A: </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wo
+                            ist die Botschaft hier in Bonn? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> B: </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Die
+                            Botschaft ist dort, geradeaus. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> A: </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
+                            bitte? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> B: </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie
+                            ist dort, geradeaus. Verstehen Sie mich? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> A: </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
+                            danke. Und wo ist der Flughafen? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> B: </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Der
+                            Flughafen ist da links. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> A: </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Danke schön. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+            </informaltable>
+            <informaltable>
+                <col width="10%"/>
+                <col width="90%"/>
+                <tr>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center" valign="top">
+                        <emphasis role="bold">2</emphasis>
+                    </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> S:</td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="justify"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Guten Tag, Herr Becker. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> K:</td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="justify"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Guten Tag, Herr Kunze. Wie geht es Ihnen? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> S: </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="justify"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Danke, gut. Und Ihnen? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> K:</td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="justify"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Auch gut, danke. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> S:</td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="justify"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Wie ist das Bier hier? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> K:</td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="justify"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Es ist sehr gut und der Wein ist auch gut. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> S:</td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="justify"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Wie viel kostet das Bier? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> K:</td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="justify"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Es kostet eine Mark zehn. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> S:</td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="justify"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Möchten Sie auch etwas essen? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> K:</td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="justify"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Nein, danke. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+            </informaltable>
+            <informaltable>
+                <col width="10%"/>
+                <col width="90%"/>
+                <tr>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center" valign="top"><emphasis role="bold"> 3
+                        </emphasis></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> C: </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="justify"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Guten Morgen. Ich möchte gern zehn Zigarren haben. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> D: </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Bitte. Möchten Sie auch Zigaretten haben? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> C: </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Nein, danke. Aber ich möchte Streichhölzer haben. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> D: </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Hier
+                            bitte. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> C:</td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
+                            viel kosten die Zigarren? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> D:</td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie
+                            kästen fünf Mark sieben. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+            </informaltable>
+            <informaltable>
+                <col width="10%"/>
+                <col width="90%"/>
+                <tr>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="2" align="center" valign="top"><emphasis role="bold"> 4
+                        </emphasis></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> E: </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Verzeihung, wo ist das Restaurant? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> F:</td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das
+                            Restaurant ist dort, rechts. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> E: </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ist
+                            das der Flughafen dort drüben? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> F: </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901">
+                            Nein, das ist nicht der Flughafen, das ist der Bahnhof. Der Flughafen
+                            ist dort, links. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> E: </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Wie
+                            bitte? Ich verstehe Sie nicht. Sprechen Sie bitte langsam.
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> F: </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Das
+                            ist nicht der Flughafen, das ist der Bahnhof. Der Flughafen ist dort,
+                            links. Verstehen Sie mich? </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"> E: </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1" align="left"><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja,
+                            ich verstehe Sie. Auf Wiedersehen. </foreignphrase></td>
+                </tr>
+            </informaltable>
+        </section>
+        <section>
+            <title>Situations</title>
+            <para> You are now ready for free conversation. Act out the following situations, Which
+                are slight variations on the basic sentences, as freely and fluently as you can,
+                making use of all the patterns you have learned.</para>
+            <para><emphasis role="bold"> Finding the Way</emphasis></para>
+            <para> An American has just arrived in Germany and doesn't understand too well yet. He
+                asks a German on the street where the hotel is. The German tells him it's over there
+                to the left. The American doesn't understand him and asks him to say it again
+                please.</para>
+            <para> He still does not understand and asks the German to speak slowly. The latter
+                repeats much slower and asks the American if he understands. The American says he
+                does, thanks him and says good-bye.</para>
+            <para> Go through this conversation again with the American asking for the embassy,
+                cafe, airport, etc., and the German giving different directions: straight ahead,
+                over there, to the right, etc.</para>
+            <para><emphasis role="bold"> Question Practice</emphasis></para>
+            <para> Each student asks the next student a question in addition (numbers one to
+                twelve). He answers it and asks the next student, etc. </para>
+            <para><emphasis role="bold">At the Cigar Store </emphasis></para>
+            <para>Mr. Becker is the proprietor of a cigar store. Mr. Schneider stops in for some
+                cigarettes. They exchange greetings, and Mr. Becker asks what Mr. Schneider would
+                like. After getting him the cigarettes he asks if Mr. Schneider would like some
+                cigars, too. He says no thanks, but he would like some matches. Figuring up his own
+                bill he says that costs one mark ten, doesn't it, but Mr. Becker says no, it costs
+                two marks. Mr. Schneider gives him the money, and they say good-bye to each other. </para>
+            <para><emphasis role="bold">At the Restaurant </emphasis></para>
+            <para>Miss Schneider is the waitress in a restaurant. Mr. Kunze greets her as he comes
+                in and asks how she is. She returns his greeting and asks if he is well, too. He
+                says yes, thanks, and asks if they have sausage and sauerkraut, and how the beer and
+                the wine are, etc. Finally he says he'd like to have sausage and sauerkraut, beer
+                and some bread. After the meal he pays her - it costs three marks - and says
+                good-bye.</para>
+        </section>
+        <section>
+            <title>Finder list</title>
+            <para> FINDER LIST</para>
+            <informaltable>
+                <col width="50%"/>
+                <col width="50%"/>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Abend </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> evening </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> aber </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> but </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> acht </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> eight </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> auch </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> also, too </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> auch nicht </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> not ... either </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> auf deutsch </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> in German </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Auf Wiedersehen'. </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> good-bye </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> der Bahnhof </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> station </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> die Bank </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> bank </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> das Bier </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> beer </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> bitte </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> please </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> bitte schön </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> here you are </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> die Botschaft </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> embassy </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut
+                        </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> sausage and sauerkraut </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Brot </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> bread </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> das Café</foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> cafe </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> da </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> there </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> danke </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> thanks </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> danke schön </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> many thanks </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> das </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> that </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> dort </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> there </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> drei </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> three </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> drüben </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> over there </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> eins </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> one </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> elf </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> eleven </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> er </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> he, it </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> es </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> it </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> essen </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> eat </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> etwas Brot </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> some bread </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> der Flughafen </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> airport </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Frau </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> Mrs. </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Frau Kunze </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> Mrs. Kunze </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Fräulein </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> Miss </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Fräulein Schneider </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> Miss Schneider </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> fünf </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> five </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> geht </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> goes </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> geradeaus </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> straight ahead </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> gern(e) </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> with pleasure </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> gut </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> good, well </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> guten Abend </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> good evening </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> guten Morgen </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> good morning </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> guten Tag </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> hello (good by) </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> haben </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> have </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Herr </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> Mr. </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Herr Becker </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> Mr. Becker </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> hier </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> here </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> das Hotel </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> hotel </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> ich </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> I </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ihnen </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> to you, with you </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> ist </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> is </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Ja </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> yes </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> der Kaffee </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> coffee </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> kosten </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> cost </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> kostet </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> costs </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> langsam </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> slow, slowly </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> links </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> left, to the left </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> man </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> one, you </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Mark </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> Mark, Marks </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> eine Mark </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> one Mark </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> zwei Mark </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> two Marks </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> mich </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> me (acc) </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> die Milch </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> milk </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> möchten </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> would like </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> möchten Sie </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> would you like </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> ich möchte </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> I would like </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> ich möchte gern </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> I'd like very much </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Morgen </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> morning </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> nein </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> no </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> neun </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> nine </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> nicht </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> not </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> nicht wahr? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> isn1t it (not true)? </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> nochmal </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> again </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> null </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> zero </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Pfennig </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> penny, pennies </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> rechts </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> to the right </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> das Restaurant </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> restaurant </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sagt </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> says </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sagt man </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> does one say </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sechs </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> six </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sehr </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> very </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sie </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> she, it </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Sie </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> you </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sieben </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> seven </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sind </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> are </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> sprechen </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> speak </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> die Streichhölzer </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> matches </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Tag </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> day </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> der Tee </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> tea </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr>
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> und </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> and </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> verstehen </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> understand </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> verstehen Sie </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> do you understand </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> ich verstehe </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> I understand </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Verzeihung </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> excuse me </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> vier </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> four </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> was </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> What </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> das Wasser </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> water </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> der Wein </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> wine </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> wie </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> how </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> wie bitte? </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> I beg your pardon. What did you say? </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> wie viel </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> now much </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> wie viele </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> how many </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> wo </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> Where </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> zehn </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> ten </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> Zigaretten </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> cigarettes </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> die Zigarren </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> cigars </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> zwei </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> two </td>
+                </tr>
+                <tr valign="top">
+                    <td><foreignphrase xml:lang="de-1901"> zwölf </foreignphrase></td>
+                    <td> twelve </td>
+                </tr>
+            </informaltable>
+        </section>
+    </chapter>
+    <chapter>
+        <title/>
+        <para/>
+    </chapter>
+</book>

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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!DOCTYPE html
+  PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Chapter 1. Unit 1</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"/><link rel="home" href="index.xhtml" title="GERMAN Basic Course"/><link rel="up" href="index.xhtml" title="GERMAN Basic Course"/><link rel="prev" href="pr02.xhtml" title="Introduction"/><link rel="next" href="ch01s02.xhtml" title="Notes on pronunciation"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter 1. Unit 1</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="pr02.xhtml">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center"> </th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ch01s02.xhtml">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><div class="chapter" title="Chapter 1. Unit 1"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="d5e40"/>Chapter 1. Unit 1</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch01.xhtml#d5e42">Basic sentences: <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wir sind in
+                    Deutschland</em></span></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch01s02.xhtml">Notes on pronunciation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch01s03.xhtml">Notes on grammar</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch01s04.xhtml">Substitution drill.</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch01s05.xhtml">Variation drill</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch01s06.xhtml">Translation drill </a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch01s07.xhtml">Response drill </a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch01s08.xhtml">Conversation practice</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch01s09.xhtml">Situations</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch01s10.xhtml">Finder list</a></span></dt></dl></div><div class="section" title="Basic sentences: Wir sind in Deutschland"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="d5e42"/>Basic sentences: <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wir sind in
+                    Deutschland</em></span></h2></div></div></div><table id="d5e45"><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center"> I </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> good morning </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> guten Morgen
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Good morning. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Guten Morgen.
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> Mr. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Herr </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> Becker </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Becker </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> Mr. Becker </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Herr Becker
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Good morning, Mr. Becker. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Guten Morgen, Herr Becker.
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> day </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Tag </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Hello (Good day). </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Guten Tag.
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> Mrs. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Frau </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> Kunze </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Kunze </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> Mrs. Kunze </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Frau Kunze
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Hello , Mrs. Kunze. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Guten Tag, Frau Kunze.
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> evening </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Abend </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Good evening. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Guten Abend.
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> Miss </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Fräulein
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> Schneider </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Schneider
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> Miss Schneider </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Fräulein Schneider
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Good evening, Miss Schneider. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Guten Abend, Fräulein
+                            Schneider. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d5e122"><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center"> II </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Hello, Miss Schneider. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Guten Tag, Fräulein Schneider. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Hello, Mr. Becker. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Guten Tag, Herr Becker. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> how </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wie
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> goes </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> geht
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> it </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> es
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> to you, with you </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Ihnen </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> How are you? (how goes it with you?) </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            geht es Ihnen? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> thanks </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            danke </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> very </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sehr
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> good, well </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> gut
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Fine, Thanks. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Danke, sehr gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> and </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> und
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> And how are you, Mr. Becker? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Und
+                            wie geht es Ihnen, Herr Becker? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> also, too </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> auch
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Thank you, I’m fine too. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Danke, auch gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d5e187"><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center"> III </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> understand </td>
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> verstehen
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> you </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Do you understand Mrs. Kunze? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Verstehen Sie Frau Kunze? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> no </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> nein
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> I </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ich
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> I understand </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ich
+                            verstehe </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> not </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            nicht </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> No, I don't understand Mrs. Kunze. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, ich verstehe Frau Kunze nicht. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> me </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> mich
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Do you understand me? </td>
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verstehen Sie
+                            mich? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> yes </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ja
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Yes, I understand you well. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            ich verstehe Sie gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d5e240"><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center"> IV </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> where </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wo
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> is </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ist
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> the airport </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der
+                            Flughafen </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Where's the airport? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo
+                            ist der Flughafen? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> there </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> dort
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> over there </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            drüben </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> The airport is over there. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der
+                            Flughafen ist dort drüben. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> please </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            bitte </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> I beg your pardon. What did you say? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            bitte? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> speak </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            sprechen </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> slow, slowly </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            langsam </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Please speak slowly. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Sprechen Sie bitte langsam. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> The airport is over there. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der
+                            Flughafen ist dort drüben. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Do you understand? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Verstehen Sie? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> thank you </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            danke schön </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Yes, I understand. Thank you. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            ich verstehe. Danke schön. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> you're welcome </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            bitte schön </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> You're welc ome. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Bitte schön. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d5e317"><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center"> V</td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> that </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> the railroad station </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der
+                            Bahnhof </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Is that the railroad station? </td>
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist das der
+                            Bahnhof? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> No, that' not the station. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, das ist nicht der Bahnhof. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> he, it </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> er
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> to the left </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            links </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> It's there to the left. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Er
+                            ist dort links. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> the restaurant </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das
+                            Restaurant </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Is the restaurant there too? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            das Restaurant auch dort? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> it </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> es
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Yes, it's there too. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            es ist auch dort. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d5e366"><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center"> VI</td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> what </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> was
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> there </td>
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> da
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> What's that there? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Was
+                            ist das da? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> the hotel </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das
+                            Hotel </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> That's the hotel. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das
+                            ist das Hotel. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> here </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> hier
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> to the right </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            rechts </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> the embassy </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die
+                            Botschaft </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Is the embassy here to the right? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            die Botschaft hier rechts? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> she, it </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sie
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Yes, it's here to the right. </td>
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, sie ist hier
+                            rechts. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d5e415"><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center"> VII</td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> excuse me the cafe </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Verzeihung das Cafe </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Excuse me, where is the cafe? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Verzeihung, wo ist das Cafe? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> straight ahead </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            geradeaus </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> There, straight ahead. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Dort, geradeaus. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> the bank isn't it? (not true?) </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die
+                            Bank nicht wahr </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> The bank is there too, isn't it? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die
+                            Bank ist auch da, nicht wahr? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Yes, it's there too. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            sie ist auch da. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> thanks </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            danke </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Thanks. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Danke. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> you're welcome </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            bitte </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> You're welcome. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Bitte. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d5e464"><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center"> VIII</td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Good morning. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Guten Morgen. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> I would like </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ich
+                            möchte </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> with pleasure </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> gern
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> I'd like very much </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ich
+                            möchte gern </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> some cigars </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Zigarren </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> to have </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            haben </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> I'd like to have some cigars. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich
+                            möchte gern Zigarren haben. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> how many </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wie
+                            viele </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> All right. How many? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Gern. Wie viele? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> five </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> fünf
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> and </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> und
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> some matches </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Streichhölzer </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> Five, and some matches too, please. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Fünf, und bitte auch Streichhölzer. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Here you are. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Hier, bitte. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> how much </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wie
+                            viel </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> costs </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            kostet </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> How much does that cost? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            viel kostet das? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> the cigars </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die
+                            Zigarren </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> cost </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            kosten </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> two </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> zwei
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Mark </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Mark
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> The cigars cost two Marks. </td>
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Zigarren
+                            kosten zwei Mark. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> the matches </td>
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die Streichhölzer
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> ten </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> zehn
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> penny, pennies </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Pfennig </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> The matches cost ten pennies. </td>
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Streichhölzer
+                            kosten zehn Pfennig. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> would like </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            möchten </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> would you like </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            möchten Sie </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> some cigarettes </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Zigaretten </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Would you like to have some cigarettes
+                        too? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Möchten Sie auch Zigaretten haben? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> they </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sie
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> they cost </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sie
+                            kosten </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Yes, how much do they cost? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            wie viel kosten sie? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> one </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> eine
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> One Mark. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Eine
+                            Mark. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Here you are. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Bitte schön</em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Thank you. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Danke schön. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d5e617"><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center"> IX</td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Good evening. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Guten Abend. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> to eat </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            essen </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Would you like to eat? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Möchten Sie essen? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> sausage and sauerkraut </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Yes, sausage and sauerkraut please. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut, bitte. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> some, a little </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            etwas </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> bread </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Brot
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> And a little bread. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Und
+                            etwas Brot. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d5e654"><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center"> X</td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> the wine </td>
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der Wein
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> How's the wine, and how's the beer? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            ist der Wein und wie ist das Bier? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> are </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sind
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> The wine and the beer are good. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der
+                            Wein und das Bier sind gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> but </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> aber
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> the coffee </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der
+                            Kaffee </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> But the coffee's not good. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Aber
+                            der Kaffee ist nicht gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> the tea </td>
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der Tee
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> not ... either </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> auch
+                            nicht </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> And the tea isn't good either. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Und
+                            der Tee ist auch nicht gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> the milk </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die
+                            Milch </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> Is the milk good? </td>
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist die Milch
+                            gut? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Yes, the milk is very good. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            die Milch ist sehr gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> the water </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das
+                            Wasser </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> How's the water here? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            ist hier das Wasser? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td> The water is good. </td>
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das Wasser ist
+                            gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d5e723"><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center"> XI</td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> zero - one - two - three - four </td>
+                    <td>
+                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">null</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">eins</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">zwei</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">drei</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">vier</em></span>
+                    </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> five - six - seven - eight </td>
+                    <td>
+                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">fünf</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">sechs</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">sieben</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">acht</em></span>
+                    </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> nine - ten - eleven - twelve </td>
+                    <td>
+                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">neun</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">zehn</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">elf</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">zwölf</em></span>
+                    </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> How much is three and five? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            viel ist drei und fünf? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Three and five is eight. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Drei
+                            und fünf ist acht. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> How much is seven and four? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            viel ist sieben und vier? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Seven and four is eleven. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Sieben und vier ist elf. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> How much is two and ten? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            viel ist zwei und zehn? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Two and ten is twelve. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Zwei
+                            und zehn ist zwölf. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> again </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            nochmal </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Say it again/ please. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nochmal, bitte. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> Two and ten is twelve. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Zwei
+                            und zehn ist zwölf. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d5e786"><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center"> XII</td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> one, you </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> man
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> says </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sagt
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> does one say </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sagt
+                            man </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> in German </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> auf
+                            deutsch </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> How do you say 'good bye' in German? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            sagt man 'good bye' auf deutsch? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> good bye </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Auf
+                            Wiedersehen </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> You say 'Auf Wiedersehen'. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Man
+                            sagt 'Auf Wiedersehen'. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="pr02.xhtml">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"> </td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ch01s02.xhtml">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Introduction </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.xhtml">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Notes on pronunciation</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Notes on pronunciation</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"/><link rel="home" href="index.xhtml" title="GERMAN Basic Course"/><link rel="up" href="ch01.xhtml" title="Chapter 1. Unit 1"/><link rel="prev" href="ch01.xhtml" title="Chapter 1. Unit 1"/><link rel="next" href="ch01s03.xhtml" title="Notes on grammar"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Notes on pronunciation</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch01.xhtml">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter 1. Unit 1</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ch01s03.xhtml">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><div class="section" title="Notes on pronunciation"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="d5e819"/>Notes on pronunciation</h2></div></div></div><p> The spelling of a language only symbolizes to the native speaker the sounds Which
+                he already knows. You will learn these sounds directly from your instructor; the
+                spelling will serve as an aid to listening. No spelling system adequately represents
+                the sounds of the spoken language, and no attempt will be made at this point to
+                outline exactly what sounds are represented by what symbols of the German spelling
+                system. We will however present for particular drill and attention in each unit
+                certain sounds which have shown themselves to be difficult for speakers of American
+                English. In the meantime we ask you to remember two cardinal points:</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p> The German of your text is printed in the standard German written
+                            style.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> The letter-symbols used, although in most cases the same symbols we
+                            use in written English, in most cases do not represent exactly the same
+                            sounds we use in English. Therefore, DO NOT EXPECT GERMAN WRITTEN
+                            SYMBOLS TO REPRESENT SOUND VALUES YOU KNOW IN ENGLISH.</p></li></ol></div><p> Pronunciation Practices. To be drilled in class.</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">A. Short Vowels</span></dt><dd><p> The German short vowels i,e,a and u are not dissimilar from
+                                English sounds. The o, however, is probably different from any sound
+                                that you have in English. Do not try to replace it by a sound from
+                                English, but rather reproduce the pronunciation of your instructor.
+                                The German front rounded vowels ö and ü do not occur in English. To
+                                produce the ö, put your tongue in the position for the German e and
+                                round your lips; for ü, put your tongue in the position for the
+                                German i and round your lips. You will then produce a sound similar
+                                to the German sound. Experiment until your instructor is satisfied
+                                with your pronunciation. Do not worry about the meaning of the words
+                                in these practices. Concentrate instead on the sounds.</p><table id="d5e833"><col width="20%"/><col width="20%"/><col width="20%"/><col width="20%"/><col width="20%"/><tr>
+                                    <td colspan="5" align="left" valign="top"> Practice
+                                        l(a) </td>
+                                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                                    <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong> Short i </strong></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong> Short e</strong></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong> Short a</strong></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong> Short o</strong></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong> Short u </strong></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                                    <td align="center">
+                                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">bitte</em></span>
+                                    </td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> denn </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> kostet </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> muss </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ist </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> essen </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Mann </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sonne </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Mutter </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> in </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> etwas </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> an </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Doktor </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> und </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                                    <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong> Short ö </strong></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong> Short ü</strong></span></td>
+                                    <td> </td>
+                                    <td> </td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span class="bold"><strong> - e (unstressed) </strong></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> können </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Mütter </em></span></td>
+                                    <td> </td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> bitte </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> genug </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> möchte </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> fünf </em></span></td>
+                                    <td> </td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> danke </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> gesehen </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> öfter </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Hütte </em></span></td>
+                                    <td> </td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sonne </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> bekommen </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><table id="d5e924"><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
+                                    <td align="left"> Practice 1(b) </td>
+                                    <td> </td>
+                                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                                    <td align="center">
+                                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">mit</em></span> -
+                                            <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Mütter</em></span>
+                                    </td>
+                                    <td align="center">
+                                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">kennen</em></span> -
+                                            <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">können</em></span>
+                                    </td>
+                                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                                    <td align="center">
+                                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">missen</em></span> -
+                                            <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">müssen</em></span>
+                                    </td>
+                                    <td align="center">
+                                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">stecke</em></span> -
+                                            <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Stöcke</em></span>
+                                    </td>
+                                </tr></table></dd><dt><span class="term">B. Long Vowels</span></dt><dd><p> There are no sounds in English exactly like the German long
+                                vowels. If you will pronounce English gate and then ask your
+                                instructor to pronounce German <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">geht</em></span></strong></span>, you will
+                                notice that the English vowel sound seems to change during its
+                                pronunciation, but the German sound seems tense and stable
+                                throughout its duration. Your tongue actually moves during the
+                                production of the English vowel sound, but during the production of
+                                the German sound the tongue remains in the same position. The long ö
+                                and ü are formed approximately like short ö and ü. Pronounce German
+                                long e and round your lips to form ö , and pronounce German long i
+                                and round your lips to form ü </p><p><span class="bold"><strong>Practice 2(a)</strong></span></p><table id="d5e952"><col width="12.5%"/><col width="12.5%"/><col width="12.5%"/><col width="12.5%"/><col width="12.5%"/><col width="12.5%"/><col width="12.5%"/><col width="12.5%"/><tr align="center">
+                                    <td> Long </td>
+                                    <td> i </td>
+                                    <td> e</td>
+                                    <td> a </td>
+                                    <td> o</td>
+                                    <td> u </td>
+                                    <td> ö </td>
+                                    <td> ü </td>
+                                </tr><tr align="center">
+                                    <td> </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            wie </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            geht </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            Tag </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            Sohn </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            gut </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            König </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            für </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr align="center">
+                                    <td> </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            ihnen </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            Tee </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            Abend </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            oder </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            du </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            schön </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            Tür </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr align="center">
+                                    <td> </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            viel </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            den </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            Bahn </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            wo </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            Flug </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            öde </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">über </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><p><span class="bold"><strong>Practice 2(b)</strong></span></p><table id="d5e1020"><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr align="center">
+                                    <td>
+                                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">vier</em></span> -
+                                            <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">für</em></span>
+                                    </td>
+                                    <td>
+                                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">lesen</em></span> -
+                                            <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">lösen</em></span>
+                                    </td>
+                                </tr><tr align="center">
+                                    <td>
+                                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Tier</em></span> -
+                                            <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Tür</em></span>
+                                    </td>
+                                    <td>
+                                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Sehne</em></span> -
+                                            <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Söhne</em></span>
+                                    </td>
+                                </tr></table></dd><dt><span class="term">C. </span></dt><dd><p><span class="bold"><strong>Distinguishing Long and Short
+                                    Vowels</strong></span></p><p> It is NOT ALWAYS POSSIBLE to distinguish long and short vowels in
+                                written German, as the German spelling system does not consistently
+                                mark them as such. Your best guide to the pronunciation of any given
+                                word is the way your native instructor pronounces it. However, a few
+                                hints can be given which will help you to recognize them <span class="bold"><strong>most</strong></span> of the time. If you look back at the
+                                practice lists above you will see that the short vowels in <span class="bold"><strong>most</strong></span> cases are followed by two or more
+                                consonants and they are always written with a single letter symbol.
+                                Then note that the long vowels are <span class="bold"><strong>not
+                                    always</strong></span> written with a single letter symbol and
+                                usually are followed by only one consonant. The following
+                                combinations of letters always designate long vowels: ie, ih - eh,
+                                ee - ah, aa - oh, oo - uh - öh - üh </p></dd><dt><span class="term">D. </span></dt><dd><p><span class="bold"><strong>Diphthongs</strong></span></p><p>These combinations of two vowel sounds in German are very similar,
+                                though not identical to certain vowel combinations in
+                                English.</p><p><span class="bold"><strong>Practice 3</strong></span></p><table id="d5e1054"><col width="33%"/><col width="33%"/><col width="33%"/><tr align="center">
+                                    <td> ei </td>
+                                    <td> au </td>
+                                    <td> eu (äu) </td>
+                                </tr><tr align="center">
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            nein </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            auch </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            deutsch </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr align="center">
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            eins </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            Tau </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            neun </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr align="center">
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            Wein </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            Laut </em></span></td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            läute </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table></dd></dl></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch01.xhtml">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="ch01.xhtml">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ch01s03.xhtml">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Chapter 1. Unit 1 </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.xhtml">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Notes on grammar</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!DOCTYPE html
+  PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Notes on grammar</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"/><link rel="home" href="index.xhtml" title="GERMAN Basic Course"/><link rel="up" href="ch01.xhtml" title="Chapter 1. Unit 1"/><link rel="prev" href="ch01s02.xhtml" title="Notes on pronunciation"/><link rel="next" href="ch01s04.xhtml" title="Substitution drill."/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Notes on grammar</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch01s02.xhtml">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter 1. Unit 1</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ch01s04.xhtml">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><div class="section" title="Notes on grammar"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="d5e1083"/>Notes on grammar</h2></div><div><h3 class="subtitle">(For home study)</h3></div></div></div><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="A"><li class="listitem"><p> The German Noun-Classification ('Gender') System.</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="I"><li class="listitem"><p>The three classes of nouns.</p><p>
+                                    <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><span class="bold"><strong>Der</strong></span> Wein ist nicht gut.</em></span>
+                                    <span class="bold"><strong>The</strong></span> wine isn't good.</p><p>
+                                    <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><span class="bold"><strong>Das</strong></span> Bier ist gut.</em></span>
+                                    <span class="bold"><strong>The</strong></span> beer is good.</p><p><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                        <span class="bold"><strong>Die</strong></span> Milch ist auch
+                                        gut.</em></span>
+                                    <span class="bold"><strong>The</strong></span> milk is good too.</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p> German has three words for 'the': <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der</em></span></strong></span>, <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das</em></span></strong></span> and <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die</em></span></strong></span>; and German nouns
+                                            can be divided into three classes according to which of
+                                            the three words for 'the* they go with. <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wein</em></span></strong></span> goes only with
+                                                <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der</em></span></strong></span>,
+                                            never with <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das</em></span></strong></span>,
+                                            never with <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die</em></span></strong></span>.
+                                            Bier goes only with <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das</em></span></strong></span>,
+                                            and so on.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> We will refer to these three classes of nouns, for
+                                            obvious reasons, as <span class="bold"><strong>der-</strong></span>nouns, <span class="bold"><strong>das</strong></span>-nouns and <span class="bold"><strong>die-</strong></span>nouns. (1 <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wein</em></span></strong></span> is <span class="bold"><strong>der-</strong></span>noun-' '<span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Hotel</em></span></strong></span> is a <span class="bold"><strong>das-</strong></span>noun.1)</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> The traditional statement about this phenomenon is:
+                                            'German nouns have three genders—masculine, feminine,
+                                            and neuter.' we will not use this terminology because it
+                                            tends to mislead English-speaking students by suggesting
+                                            that the German noun classification has something to do
+                                            with sex differentiation. It doesn't. See paragraph
+                                            III.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> Insofar as the <span class="bold"><strong>basic
+                                                stock</strong></span> of German nouns is concerned (nouns
+                                            like house, grass, sky, wine, beer, milk), there is
+                                            absolutely no sense or rationale to the classification
+                                            system; there is no way at all of anticipating which
+                                            class any given noun belongs to. You must simply learn
+                                            the word for 'the' as a part of the noun: the German
+                                            word for 'wine1 is <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der
+                                                Wein</em></span></strong></span>. And you must
+                                            practice saying <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der
+                                                Wein</em></span></strong></span> often enough so that
+                                                <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das
+                                                Wein</em></span></strong></span> or <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die
+                                                  Wein</em></span></strong></span> sounds as wrong to
+                                            you as 'The father of his country — Henry
+                                            Washington.'</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> Now, Henry Washington is a perfectly good name; but
+                                            it's wrong, and every^ American knows it's wrong. By the
+                                            same token, <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das
+                                                Wein</em></span></strong></span> is a perfectly good
+                                            form; but it's wrong, and every German knows it's
+                                            wrong.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> With <span class="bold"><strong>derivative</strong></span>
+                                            nouns (that is, nouns made from other words, like our
+                                            happyness, brother-hood) your problem is easier. The
+                                            classification of German derivative nouns is fairly
+                                            orderly and consistent. Nouns ending in -ung, for
+                                            example, are always <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die</em></span></strong></span>-nouns: <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die
+                                                  Verzeihung</em></span></strong></span> 'the
+                                            forgiveness, the pardon. And nouns ending with the
+                                            diminutive suffixes -lein and -chen are always <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das-</em></span></strong></span>nouns: <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das
+                                                  Fräulein</em></span></strong></span> 'the miss,
+                                            waitress,'</p><p>
+                                            <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Mädchen</em></span></strong></span> 'the
+                                            little girl.' We will deal with the formation of the
+                                            various kinds of derivative nouns as we go along through
+                                            the units.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> But if the classification of derivative nouns is
+                                            orderly and consistent, the classification of the basic
+                                            stock of German nouns remains virtually chaotic. There
+                                            really is no system at all for guessing Which class a
+                                            noun belongs to; it's not something you can reason out
+                                            or get the knack of. It is not the same as our <span class="bold"><strong>he-she-it</strong></span> system, as we'll
+                                            see in. a minute. There is absolutely nothing in English
+                                            like it. Your only solution is to use the nouns until
+                                            you know them as well as you know 'George
+                                            Washington.'</p></li></ol></div></li><li class="listitem"><p>Pronouns Corresponding to the Three Classes of
+                                        Nouns.</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/><col class="c3"/><col class="c4"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td>Wo ist der Bahnof?</td><td>Er ist dort.</td><td>Where is the station?</td><td>It's there.</td></tr><tr><td>Wo ist das Hotel?</td><td>Es ist dort.</td><td>Where is the hotel?</td><td>It's there.</td></tr><tr><td>Wo ist die Botshaft?</td><td>Sie ist dort.</td><td>Where is the ambassy?</td><td>It's there.</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p> As these examples show, there is a special <span class="bold"><strong>pronoun</strong></span> for each of the three classes
+                                    of nouns. Notice the correspondence in the final sounds of the
+                                    pairs <span class="bold"><strong>der</strong></span>-er, <span class="bold"><strong>das-es</strong></span>, and <span class="bold"><strong>die-sie</strong></span>. This is no coincidence.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Contrast between German and English Pronoun Usage.</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/><col class="c3"/><col class="c4"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td>Wo ist <span class="bold"><strong>der</strong></span>
+                                                  Bahnhof?</td><td><span class="bold"><strong>Er</strong></span> ist
+                                                  dort.</td><td>Where is <span class="bold"><strong>the</strong></span>
+                                                  station?</td><td>
+                                                  <span class="bold"><strong>It's</strong></span>
+                                                  there.</td></tr><tr><td>Wo ist <span class="bold"><strong>der</strong></span>
+                                                  Mann?</td><td><span class="bold"><strong>Er</strong></span> ist
+                                                  dort.</td><td>Where's <span class="bold"><strong>the</strong></span>
+                                                  man?</td><td><span class="bold"><strong>He's</strong></span>
+                                                  here.</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td>Wo ist <span class="bold"><strong>das</strong></span>
+                                                  Hotel?</td><td><span class="bold"><strong>Es</strong></span> ist
+                                                  dort.</td><td>Where is <span class="bold"><strong>the</strong></span>
+                                                  hotel?</td><td>
+                                                  <span class="bold"><strong>It's</strong></span>
+                                                  there.</td></tr><tr><td>Wo ist <span class="bold"><strong>das</strong></span>
+                                                  Kind?</td><td><span class="bold"><strong>Es</strong></span> ist
+                                                  dort.</td><td>Where is <span class="bold"><strong>the</strong></span>
+                                                  child?</td><td>
+                                                  <p><span class="bold"><strong>He's</strong></span>
+                                                  here.</p>
+                                                  <p><span class="bold"><strong>She's</strong></span>
+                                                  here</p>
+                                                </td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td>Wo ist <span class="bold"><strong>die</strong></span>
+                                                  Botschaft?</td><td>
+                                                  <span class="bold"><strong>Sie</strong></span> ist
+                                                  dort.</td><td> Where is <span class="bold"><strong>the</strong></span> embassy?</td><td>
+                                                  <span class="bold"><strong>It's</strong></span>
+                                                  there.</td></tr><tr><td>Wo ist <span class="bold"><strong>die</strong></span>
+                                                  Frau?</td><td><span class="bold"><strong>Sie</strong></span> ist
+                                                  dort.</td><td>Where's <span class="bold"><strong>the</strong></span>
+                                                  woman?</td><td><span class="bold"><strong>She's</strong></span>
+                                                  here.</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p> These examples show that the German pronouns er, <span class="bold"><strong>sie</strong></span>, and es do not match up with the
+                                    English pronouns 'he', 'she', and 'it'. The English <span class="bold"><strong>he-she-it</strong></span> system has an entirely
+                                    different foundation from the German noun-classification
+                                    ('gender') system. In the English system, the choice of pronoun
+                                    depends upon the sex (male, female, or sexless) of some
+                                    non-linguistic entity—a man ('he'), a woman ('she'), or a table
+                                    ('it'). In the German system, on the other hand, the choice of
+                                    pronoun depends upon the linguistic classification of the noun
+                                    you are replacing, except in reference to human beings.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Pronouns Referring to People.</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/><col/><col/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td>Wo ist das Fraülein?</td><td>Where is the waitress?</td><td class="auto-generated"> </td><td class="auto-generated"> </td></tr><tr><td>Sie ist dort.</td><td>She's there.</td><td class="auto-generated"> </td><td class="auto-generated"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div><p> Since all German nouns referring to men are
+                                        <span class="bold"><strong>der-nouns</strong></span> and virtually all
+                                    German nouns referring to women are <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die</em></span></strong></span>-nouns. <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">er</em></span></strong></span> and <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">sie</em></span></strong></span> correspond to 'he' and 'she'
+                                    — when they refer to <span class="bold"><strong>human
+                                        beings</strong></span>. Consequently, one says <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">sie</em></span></strong></span> when referring to
+                                        <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das
+                                            Fräulein</em></span></strong></span>. Who is, after all,
+                                    die lunge Dame 'the young lady',<span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die
+                                            Tochte</em></span></strong></span>r 'the daughter',
+                                        <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die
+                                            Schwester</em></span></strong></span> 'the sister', and
+                                    so on, as well as <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das
+                                        Fräulein</em></span></strong></span>.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>No classification in the Plural.</p><table id="d5e1303"><col width="25%"/><col width="25%"/><col width="25%"/><col width="25%"/><tr valign="top">
+                                        <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo sind die Bahnhöfe?
+                                            </em></span></td>
+                                        <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie sind hier.
+                                            </em></span></td>
+                                        <td align="left">Where are the stations? </td>
+                                        <td align="left"> They're here. </td>
+                                    </tr><tr valign="top">
+                                        <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo sind die Hotels?
+                                            </em></span></td>
+                                        <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie sind hier.
+                                            </em></span></td>
+                                        <td align="left"> Where are the
+                                            hotels? </td>
+                                        <td align="justify"> They're here. </td>
+                                    </tr><tr valign="top">
+                                        <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo sind die Frauen?
+                                            </em></span></td>
+                                        <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie sind hier.
+                                            </em></span></td>
+                                        <td align="left"> Where are the
+                                            women? </td>
+                                        <td align="justify">They're here. </td>
+                                    </tr></table><p>As these examples show, the three-fold classification we've
+                                    been discussing applies only to nouns in the singular. In the
+                                    plural, there is only one word for 'the', and only one
+                                    pronoun.</p></li></ol></div><p>
+                    </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>The pointing-Word <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das</em></span></strong></span>.</p><table id="d5e1334"><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
+                            <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das ist der Bahnhof, nicht wahr?
+                                </em></span></td>
+                            <td align="left"> This is the station, isn't it?
+                            </td>
+                        </tr><tr valign="top">
+                            <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, das ist er. </em></span></td>
+                            <td align="left"> Yes, that's it. </td>
+                        </tr><tr valign="top">
+                            <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist das die Milch? </em></span></td>
+                            <td align="left"> Is that the milk? </td>
+                        </tr><tr valign="top">
+                            <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das ist Wasser. </em></span></td>
+                            <td align="left"> This is water. </td>
+                        </tr><tr valign="top">
+                            <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sind das die Streichhölzer?
+                                </em></span></td>
+                            <td align="left"> Are these the matches? </td>
+                        </tr><tr valign="top">
+                            <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das sind die Zigarren. </em></span></td>
+                            <td align="left"> Those are the ciaars. </td>
+                        </tr></table><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="I"><li class="listitem"><p> The pointing-word <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das</em></span></strong></span> (often
+                                accompanied by a pointing gesture) is used to call any <span class="bold"><strong>object</strong></span> or <span class="bold"><strong>group of
+                                    objects</strong></span> to the hearer's attention, without any
+                                reference to noun classification or tö the number of objects.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> The pointing-word <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das</em></span></strong></span> is an
+                                entirely different entity from the <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das</em></span></strong></span> of <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das
+                                    Hotel</em></span></strong></span>. The English equivalents of the
+                                pointing-word <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das</em></span></strong></span> are
+                                'this', <span class="bold"><strong>'that', 'these', and
+                                    'those'.</strong></span></p></li></ol></div></li></ol></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch01s02.xhtml">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="ch01.xhtml">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ch01s04.xhtml">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Notes on pronunciation </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.xhtml">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Substitution drill.</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

+ 154 - 0
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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!DOCTYPE html
+  PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Substitution drill.</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"/><link rel="home" href="index.xhtml" title="GERMAN Basic Course"/><link rel="up" href="ch01.xhtml" title="Chapter 1. Unit 1"/><link rel="prev" href="ch01s03.xhtml" title="Notes on grammar"/><link rel="next" href="ch01s05.xhtml" title="Variation drill"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Substitution drill.</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch01s03.xhtml">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter 1. Unit 1</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ch01s05.xhtml">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><div class="section" title="Substitution drill."><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="d5e1379"/>Substitution drill.</h2></div></div></div><p> This section is made up of a number of model sentences. One or two words in each
+                sentence are underscored. Below each group will be found a series of isolated words.
+                The drill consists in substituting these words, one by one, for the one that is
+                underscored in the model sentence, and making necessary changes in the rest of the
+                sentence. </p><p>The instructor says the model sentence out loud, and the class repeats after him.
+                The first student makes the first substitution, the next student the second, and so
+                on. Repeat until all students have had a chance to make each substitution at least
+                once, then proceed to the next model sentence. </p><p>This drill may be done with books closed. The instructor then gives the students
+                the item to be substituted. Keep things moving along. Maintain a lively pace. If one
+                student gets stuck, the next one takes over after three or four seconds.</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p>
+                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Der Flughafen ist
+                            dort.</em></span></p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bahnhof - Kaffee -
+                                                Tee - Wein</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Bahnhof - der
+                                                Kaffee - der Tee - der Wein</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Restaurant - Bier -
+                                                Wasser - Hotel - Cafe</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Restaurant -
+                                                das Bier - das Wasser - das Hotel - das
+                                                Cafe</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bank - Milch -
+                                                Botschaft</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Bank - die
+                                                Milch - die Botschaft</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Streichhölzer -
+                                                Zigarren</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Streichhölzer -
+                                                die Zigarren</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Bahnhof - Hotel -
+                                                Tee - Milch - Kaffee - Restaurant - Streichhölzer -
+                                                Botschaft - Flughafen - Bier - Wein - Wasser -
+                                                Zigarren - Cafe </em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Bahnhof - das
+                                                Hotel - der Tee - die Milch - der Kaffee - das
+                                                Restaurant - die Streichhölzer - die Botschaft - der
+                                                Flughafen - das Bier - der Wein - das Wasser - die
+                                                Zigarren - das Café</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p xml:lang="de-1901">Wo ist <span class="bold"><strong>der
+                            Bahnhof</strong></span>?</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Flughafen - Kaffee
+                                                - Tee - Wein</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Flughafen - der
+                                                Kaffe - der Tee - der Wein </em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Restaurant - Bier -
+                                                Wasser - Cafe - Hotel</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Restaurant -
+                                                das Bier - das Wasser - das Cafe - das
+                                                Hotel</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bank - Milch -
+                                                Botschaft</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Bank - die
+                                                Milch - die Botschaft</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Streichhölzer -
+                                                Zigarren</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Streichhölzer -
+                                                die Zigarren</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Restaurant -
+                                                Flughafen - Bank - Kaffee - Wasser - Milch -
+                                                Streichhölzer - Bahnhof - Tee - Hotel - Wein - Bier
+                                                - Botschaft - Zigarren -
+                                            Cafe</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Restaurant -
+                                                der Flughafen - die Bank - der Kaffee - das Wasser -
+                                                die Milch - die Streichhölzer - der Bahnhof - der
+                                                Tee - das Hotel - der Wein - das Bier - die
+                                                Botschaft - die Zigarren - das
+                                            Cafe</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p xml:lang="de-1901">Wieviel kostet <span class="bold"><strong>der
+                            Kaffee</strong></span>?</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wein -
+                                                Tee</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Wein - der
+                                                Tee</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bier</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das
+                                                Bier</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Zigarren -
+                                                Streichhölzer</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Zigarren - die
+                                                Streichhölzer</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wtein - Zigarren -
+                                                Tee - Streichhölzer - Bier </em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Wein - die
+                                                Zigarren - der Tee - die Streichhölzer - das
+                                                Bier</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p xml:lang="de-1901">Wie ist <span class="bold"><strong>das
+                            Bier</strong></span>?</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wasser - Hotel -
+                                                Restaurant - Cafe</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Wasser - das
+                                                Hotel - das Restaurant - das
+                                            Café</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Kaffee - Tee - Wein
+                                            </em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Kaffee - der
+                                                Tee - der Wein</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bank -
+                                                Milch</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Bank - die
+                                                Milch</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Zigarren -
+                                                Streichhölzer</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Zigarren - die
+                                                Streichhölzer</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bier - Tee - Hotel
+                                                - Wein - Wasser - Kaffee - Milch -Zigarren - Caf£ -
+                                                Bank - Streichhölzer</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Bier - der Tee
+                                                - das Hotel - der Wein - das Wasser - der Kaffee -
+                                                die Milch - die Zigarren - das Cafe - die Bank - die
+                                                Streichhölzer</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p xml:lang="de-1901"><span class="bold"><strong>Das Hotel</strong></span> ist
+                            gut.</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bier - Restaurant -
+                                                Wasser - Cafe</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Bier - das
+                                                Restaurant - das Wasser - das
+                                            Cafe</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wein - Kaffee -
+                                                Tee </em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Wein - der
+                                                Kaffee - der Tee</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Milch -
+                                                Bank</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Milch - die
+                                                Bank</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Zigarren -
+                                                Streichhölzer</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Zigarren - die
+                                                Streichhölzer</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bier - Wein -
+                                                Restaurant - Kaffee - Bank - Tee - Hotel -
+                                                Streichhölzer - Wasser - Zigarren - Cafe - Milch
+                                            </em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Bier - der Wein
+                                                - das Restaurant - der Kaffee - die Bank - der Tee -
+                                                das Hotel - die Streichhölzer - das Wasser - die
+                                                Zigarren - das Cafe - die
+                                            Milch</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p xml:lang="de-1901"><span class="bold"><strong>Das Hotel</strong></span> ist da
+                            drüben.</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Restaurant - Bier -
+                                                Wasser - Cafe</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Restaurant -
+                                                das Bier - das Wasser - das
+                                            Café</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Flughafen - Bahnhof
+                                                - Kaffee - Tee - Wein </em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Flughafen - der
+                                                Bahnhof - der Kaffee - der Tee - der
+                                                Wein</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Botschaft - Milch
+                                                - Bank</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Botschaft - die
+                                                Milch - die Bank</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Streichhölzer -
+                                                Zigarren</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Streichhölzer -
+                                                die Zigarren</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Hotel - Restaurant
+                                                - Tee - Milch - Bier - Kaffee - Botschaft - Wein -
+                                                Zigarren - Streichhölzer - Cafe - Bank
+                                            </em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Hotel - das
+                                                Restaurant - der Tee - die Milch - das Bier - der
+                                                Kaffee - die Botschaft - der Wein - die Zigarren -
+                                                die Streichhölzer - das Café - die
+                                                Bank</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p xml:lang="de-1901">Das ist <span class="bold"><strong>der
+                            Flughafen</strong></span>.</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bahnhof - Wein -
+                                                Tee - Kaffee</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Bahnhof - der
+                                                Wein - der Tee - der Kaffee</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Hotel - Restaurant
+                                                - Bier - Café</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Hotel - das
+                                                Restaurant - das Bier - das
+                                            Café</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bank - Botschaft -
+                                                Milch</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Bank - die
+                                                Botschaft - die Milch</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Streichhölzer -
+                                                Zigarren</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Streichhölzer -
+                                                die Zigarren</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Botschaft -
+                                                Flughafen - Hotel - Milch - Restaurant - Bahnhof -
+                                                Bier - Wein - Tee - Zigarren - Café -
+                                                Bank</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Botschaft - der
+                                                Flughafen - das Hotel - die Milch - das Restaurant -
+                                                der Bahnhof - das Bier - der Wein - der Tee - die
+                                                Zigarren - das Cafe - die
+                                            Bank</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p xml:lang="de-1901">Hier ist <span class="bold"><strong>Herr Becker</strong></span>.
+                        Hier ist <span class="bold"><strong>er</strong></span>.</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Flughafen - Bahnhof
+                                                - Wein - Tee - Kaffee - Herr
+                                            Keller</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Flughafen.er -
+                                                der Bahnhof.er - der Wein.er - der Tee.er - der
+                                                Kaffee.er - Herr Keller.er</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Frau Kunze - Milch
+                                                - Botschaft - Bank - Frau
+                                            Schneider</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Frau Kunze.sie -
+                                                die Milch.sie - die Botschaft.sie - die Bank.sie -
+                                                Frau Schneider.sie</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Restaurant - Bier -
+                                                Wasser - Café - Hotel</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Restaurant.es -
+                                                das Bier.es - das Wasser.es - das Caf£.es - das
+                                                Hotel.es</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Streichhölzer -
+                                                Zigarren - Herr und Frau
+                                            Becker</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die
+                                                Streichhölzer.sie - die Zigarren.sie - Herr und Frau
+                                                Becker.sie</em></span></td></tr><tr><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bier - Milch -
+                                                Wasser - Wein - Streichhölzer - Bahnhof - Restaurant
+                                                - Zigarren - Hotel - Herr und Frau Becker -
+                                                Botschaft - Tee - Cafe - Frau Schneider - Flughafen
+                                                - Herr Keller - Bank - Kaffee
+                                            </em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Bier.es - die
+                                                Milch.sie - das Wasser.es - der Wein.er - die
+                                                Streichhölzer.sie - der Bahnhof.er - das
+                                                Restaurant.es - die Zigarren.sie - das Hotel.es -
+                                                Herr und Frau Becker. sie - die Botschaft.sie - der
+                                                Tee.er - das Cafe.es - Frau Schneider.sie - der
+                                                Flughafen.er - Herr Keller.er - die Bank.sie - der
+                                                Kaffee.er</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></li></ol></div><p> </p></div><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch01s03.xhtml">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="ch01.xhtml">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ch01s05.xhtml">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Notes on grammar </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.xhtml">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Variation drill</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

+ 610 - 0
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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!DOCTYPE html
+  PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Variation drill</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"/><link rel="home" href="index.xhtml" title="GERMAN Basic Course"/><link rel="up" href="ch01.xhtml" title="Chapter 1. Unit 1"/><link rel="prev" href="ch01s04.xhtml" title="Substitution drill."/><link rel="next" href="ch01s06.xhtml" title="Translation drill"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Variation drill</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch01s04.xhtml">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter 1. Unit 1</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ch01s06.xhtml">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><div class="section" title="Variation drill"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="d5e1646"/>Variation drill</h2></div></div></div><p> This section is made up of several groups of sentences. Each group is headed by a
+                model sentence which is underscored. The instructor reads the model sentence out
+                loud, and the class repeats after him. The first student then gives the German
+                version of the first English variation sentence under the model sentence. The next
+                student takes the second sentence, and so on. </p><p>While doing this drill, STUDENTS MUST COVER THE RIGHT-HAND SIDE OF THE PAGE </p><p>English versions must be read silently, and the German version must be given
+                without stopping, with the proper pronunciation, including intonation. If you have
+                to 'translate* word by word you need more practice with the basic sentences. </p><p>The instructor must insist on COMPLETE SENTENCES.</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><table id="d5e1654"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                    <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich verstehe Sie. </em></span></th>
+                                    <th align="center"> I understand you. </th>
+                                </tr></thead><tbody><tr>
+                                    <td> a. </td>
+                                    <td> I understand you well. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich verstehe Sie gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> b. </td>
+                                    <td> I understand you very well. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich verstehe Sie sehr
+                                            gut. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> c. </td>
+                                    <td> I understand you well, too. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich verstehe Sie auch
+                                            gut. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> d. </td>
+                                    <td> I don't understand you. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich verstehe Sie nicht.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> e. </td>
+                                    <td> I don't understand you either. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich verstehe Sie auch
+                                            nicht. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></tbody></table></li><li class="listitem"><p>
+                            </p><table id="d5e1691"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verstehen Sie mich?
+                                            </em></span></th>
+                                        <th align="center"> Do you understand me? </th>
+                                    </tr></thead><tbody><tr>
+                                        <td>a. </td>
+                                        <td> Do you understand me well? </td>
+                                        <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verstehen Sie mich
+                                                gut? </em></span></td>
+                                    </tr><tr>
+                                        <td> b. </td>
+                                        <td> Do you understand me well to? </td>
+                                        <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verstehen Sie mich
+                                                auch gut? </em></span></td>
+                                    </tr><tr>
+                                        <td> c. </td>
+                                        <td> Don't you understand me? </td>
+                                        <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verstehen Sie mich
+                                                nicht? </em></span></td>
+                                    </tr><tr>
+                                        <td> d. </td>
+                                        <td> Don't you understand me either? </td>
+                                        <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verstehen Sie mich
+                                                auch nicht? </em></span></td>
+                                    </tr><tr>
+                                        <td> e. </td>
+                                        <td> Don't you understand me well either? </td>
+                                        <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verstehen Sie mich
+                                                auch nicht gut? </em></span></td>
+                                    </tr></tbody></table><p>
+                        </p></li><li class="listitem"><table id="d5e1727"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                    <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo ist der Flughafen?</em></span></th>
+                                    <th align="center"> Where is the airport?</th>
+                                </tr></thead><tr>
+                                <td>a. </td>
+                                <td> There is the airport. </td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Da ist der Flughafen.
+                                    </em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td>b. </td>
+                                <td> Is that the airport? </td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist das der Flughafen?
+                                    </em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td>c. </td>
+                                <td> Yes, that's the airport. </td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, das ist der Flughafen.
+                                    </em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td>d. </td>
+                                <td> No, that's not the airport. </td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Nein, das ist nicht der
+                                        Flughafen. </em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td>e. </td>
+                                <td> Is the airport over there? </td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist der Flughafen da drüben?
+                                    </em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td>f. </td>
+                                <td> Yes, it's over there. </td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, er ist da drüben.
+                                    </em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td>g. </td>
+                                <td> No, it's not over there. </td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Nein, er ist nicht da drüben.
+                                    </em></span></td>
+                            </tr></table><p> Repeat the same drill and for airport substitute: hotel - embassy -
+                            restaurant - station.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
+                            </p><table id="d5e1774"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo sind die Streichhölzer?
+                                            </em></span></th>
+                                        <th align="center"> Where are the matches? </th>
+                                    </tr></thead><tr>
+                                    <td> a.</td>
+                                    <td> Where are they? </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo sind sie?
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> b.</td>
+                                    <td> There are the matches. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Da sind die
+                                            Streichhölzer. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> c.</td>
+                                    <td> There they are. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Da sind sie.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> d.</td>
+                                    <td> Are the matches over them? </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sind die Streichhölzer da
+                                            drüben? </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> e.</td>
+                                    <td> Yes, the matches are over there. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, die Streichhölzer
+                                            sind da drüben. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> f.</td>
+                                    <td> They're over there. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie sind da drüben.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><p>
+                        </p><p>Repeat the same drill and for potatoes substitute: cigars - Mr. and
+                            Mrs. Kunze. </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
+                            </p><table id="d5e1816"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie ist die Milch?
+                                            </em></span></th>
+                                        <th align="center"> How's the milk? </th>
+                                    </tr></thead><tr>
+                                    <td> a.</td>
+                                    <td> It's good. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie ist gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> b.</td>
+                                    <td> It's very good. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie ist sehr gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> c.</td>
+                                    <td> The water is good too. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das Wasser ist auch gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> d.</td>
+                                    <td> It's very good too. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Es ist auch sehr gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><p>
+                        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
+                            </p><table id="d5e1847"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie ist das Bier?
+                                            </em></span></th>
+                                        <th align="center"> How's the beer? </th>
+                                    </tr></thead><tr>
+                                    <td> a.</td>
+                                    <td> It's good. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Es ist gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> b.</td>
+                                    <td> It's very good. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Es ist sehr gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> c.</td>
+                                    <td> The cigars are good too. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Zigarren sind auch
+                                            gut. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> d.</td>
+                                    <td> They're very good too. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie sind auch sehr gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><p>
+                        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
+                            </p><table id="d5e1878"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie ist der Tee?
+                                            </em></span></th>
+                                        <th align="center"> How's the tea? </th>
+                                    </tr></thead><tr>
+                                    <td> a.</td>
+                                    <td> It's not good. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Er ist nicht gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> b.</td>
+                                    <td> It's very good. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Er ist sehr gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> c.</td>
+                                    <td> The milk isn't good either. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Milch ist auch nicht
+                                            gut. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> d.</td>
+                                    <td> It's not very good either. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie ist auch nicht sehr
+                                            gut. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> e.</td>
+                                    <td> Yes. they are very good. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, sie sind sehr gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><p>
+                        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
+                            </p><table id="d5e1914"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie sind die Streichhölzer?
+                                            </em></span></th>
+                                        <th align="center"> How are the matches? </th>
+                                    </tr></thead><tr>
+                                    <td> a.</td>
+                                    <td> They're not good. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie sind nicht gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> b.</td>
+                                    <td> They're not very good. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie sind nicht sehr gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> c.</td>
+                                    <td>The wine is not good either.</td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der Wein ist auch nicht
+                                            gut. Er ist auch nicht sehr gut. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> d.</td>
+                                    <td>It's not very good either.</td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Er ist auch nicht sehr
+                                            gut. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><p>
+                        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
+                            </p><table id="d5e1945"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das kostet viel.
+                                            </em></span></th>
+                                        <th align="center"> That costs a lot. </th>
+                                    </tr></thead><tr>
+                                    <td> a.</td>
+                                    <td> How much does that cost? </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie viel kostet das?
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> b.</td>
+                                    <td> Does that cost much? </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Kostet das viel?
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> c.</td>
+                                    <td> That doesn't cost much. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das kostet nicht viel.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> d.</td>
+                                    <td> That doesn't cost much either. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das kostet auch nicht
+                                            viel. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> e.</td>
+                                    <td> That costs three marks. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das kostet drei Mark.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> f.</td>
+                                    <td> That costs three marks, too. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das kostet auch drei
+                                            Mark. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><p>
+                        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
+                            </p><table id="d5e1986"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das Bier ist out.
+                                            </em></span></th>
+                                        <th align="center"> The beer is good. </th>
+                                    </tr></thead><tr>
+                                    <td> a.</td>
+                                    <td> The wine is not good. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der Wein ist nicht gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> b.</td>
+                                    <td> The coffee is good, too. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der Kaffee ist auch gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> c.</td>
+                                    <td> The restaurant is very good. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das Restaurant ist sehr
+                                            gut. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> d.</td>
+                                    <td> Is the tea good? </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist der Tee gut?
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> e.</td>
+                                    <td> Ho, the tea isn't very good. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Nein, der Tee ist nicht
+                                            sehr gut. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> f.</td>
+                                    <td> Is the café good? </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist das Café gut?
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><p>
+                        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
+                            </p><table id="d5e2027"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Streichhölzer sind nicht
+                                                sehr gut.</em></span></th>
+                                        <th align="center"> The matches are not very good. </th>
+                                    </tr></thead><tr>
+                                    <td> a.</td>
+                                    <td> The beer and the wine are good.</td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            Das Bier und der Wein sind gut.</em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> b.</td>
+                                    <td>The cigars are good, too.</td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Zigarren sind auch
+                                            gut. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> c.</td>
+                                    <td> Are the coffee and the tea good? </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sind der Kaffee und der
+                                            Tee gut? </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> d.</td>
+                                    <td> Yes. they are very good. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, sie sind sehr gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><p>
+                        </p></li><li class="listitem"><table id="d5e2057"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                    <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo ist der Flughafen? Er ist dort rechts.
+                                        </em></span></th>
+                                    <th align="center">Where is the airport? It's there to the
+                                        right.</th>
+                                </tr></thead><tr>
+                                <td> a.</td>
+                                <td>Where Is the café? It's there to the left.</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wo ist
+                                        das Café? Es ist dort links.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> b.</td>
+                                <td>Where Is the restaurant? It's there,
+                                    too.</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wo ist das Restaurant? Es ist
+                                        auch dort.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> c.</td>
+                                <td>Where is the bank? It's there straight ahead.</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wo ist die Bank? Sie ist dort
+                                        geradeaus.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> d.</td>
+                                <td>Where is Mr. Schneider? He is here.</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wo ist Herr Schneider? Er ist
+                                        hier.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> e.</td>
+                                <td>Where is Mrs. Schneider? She's here, too.</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wo ist Frau Schneider? Sie ist
+                                        auch hier.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> f.</td>
+                                <td>Where is the station? It's over there, to the right</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wo ist der Bahnhof? Er ist da
+                                        drüben, rechts. </em></span></td>
+                            </tr></table></li><li class="listitem"><table id="d5e2097"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                    <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wie ist der Kaffee? Er 1st out.</em></span></th>
+                                    <th align="center">How is the coffee? It is good.</th>
+                                </tr></thead><tr>
+                                <td> a.</td>
+                                <td>How is the milk? It's very good.</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wie
+                                        ist die Milch? Sie ist sehr gut.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> b.</td>
+                                <td>How is the water? It's good, too.</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wie ist das Wasser? Es ist
+                                        auch gut.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> c.</td>
+                                <td>How is the hotel? it's not very good.</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wie ist das Hotel? Es ist
+                                        nicht sehr gut.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> d.</td>
+                                <td>How is the beer? It's very good here.</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wie ist das Bier? Es ist hier
+                                        sehr gut</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> e.</td>
+                                <td>How is the tea? It's not good.</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wie ist der Tee? Er ist nicht
+                                        gut.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> f.</td>
+                                <td>How is the wine? It's very good, too.</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wie ist der Wein? Er ist auch
+                                        sehr gut. </em></span></td>
+                            </tr></table></li><li class="listitem"><table id="d5e2137"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                    <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Ich möchte gern Zigaretten haben.</em></span></th>
+                                    <th align="center"> I'd like to have some cigarettes.
+                                        please.</th>
+                                </tr></thead><tr>
+                                <td> a.</td>
+                                <td>Would you like to have some cigars, too?</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Möchten Sie auch Zigarren haben?</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> b.</td>
+                                <td>I'd like to have some matches.</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich möchte gern Streichhölzer
+                                        haben.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> c.</td>
+                                <td>Would you like to have some bread?</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Möchten Sie etwas Brot
+                                        haben?</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> d.</td>
+                                <td> I'd like to have some milk.</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich möchte gern Milch
+                                        haben.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> e.</td>
+                                <td>I'd like to have some sausage and sauerkraut.</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Ich möchte gern Bratwurst mit
+                                        Sauerkraut haben. </em></span></td>
+                            </tr></table></li><li class="listitem"><table id="d5e2172"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                    <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich möchte gerne essen.</em></span></th>
+                                    <th align="center">I'd like to eat.</th>
+                                </tr></thead><tr>
+                                <td> a.</td>
+                                <td>What would you like to eat?</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Was
+                                        möchten Sie essen?</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> b.</td>
+                                <td> I'd like to eat some sausage and
+                                    sauerkraut.</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Ich möchte Bratwurst mit
+                                        Sauerkraut essen.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> c.</td>
+                                <td>Would you also like to eat some bread? Yes, I'd like to eat some
+                                    bread. </td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Möchten Sie auch Brot essen?
+                                        Ja, ich möchte gern etwas Brot essen. </em></span></td>
+                            </tr></table></li><li class="listitem"><table id="d5e2197"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                    <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Das ist der Bahnhof.</em></span></th>
+                                    <th align="center">That's the railroad station.</th>
+                                </tr></thead><tr>
+                                <td> a.</td>
+                                <td>Is that the embassy?</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Ist
+                                        das die Botschaft?</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> b.</td>
+                                <td>No, that's not the embassy.</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Nein, das ist nicht die
+                                        Botschaft.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> c.</td>
+                                <td>That's the hotel. Is that Mr. Kunze?</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Das ist das Hotel. Ist das
+                                        Herr Kunze?</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> d.</td>
+                                <td>No, that's not Mr. Kunze.</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Nein, das ist nicht Herr
+                                        Kunze.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td> e.</td>
+                                <td>That's Mr. Schneider.</td>
+                                <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Das ist Herr Schneider.
+                                    </em></span></td>
+                            </tr></table></li><li class="listitem"><p>
+                            </p><table id="d5e2233"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Hier ist das Hotel.
+                                            </em></span></th>
+                                        <th align="center"> Here is the hotel. </th>
+                                    </tr></thead><tr>
+                                    <td> a. </td>
+                                    <td> There's the restaurant. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Dort ist das Restaurant.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> b. </td>
+                                    <td> Over there is the airport. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Da drüben ist der
+                                            Flughafen. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> c. </td>
+                                    <td> There to the right is the embassy. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Dort rechts ist die
+                                            Botschaft. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> d. </td>
+                                    <td> Here on the left is the station. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Hier links ist der
+                                            Bahnhof. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> e. </td>
+                                    <td> Over there, to the right is the cafe. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Da drüben, rechts, ist
+                                            das Cafe. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><p>
+                        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
+                            </p><table id="d5e2269"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Zigarren kosten fünf Mark.
+                                            </em></span></th>
+                                        <th align="center"> The cigars cost five marks. </th>
+                                    </tr></thead><tr>
+                                    <td> a. </td>
+                                    <td> The beer costs one mark. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das Bier kostet eine
+                                            Mark. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> b. </td>
+                                    <td> The wine costs two marks ten. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der Wein kostet zwei Mark
+                                            zehn. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> c. </td>
+                                    <td> The matches cost ten pennies. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Streichhölzer kosten
+                                            zehn Pfennig. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> d. </td>
+                                    <td> The coffee costs three marks eight. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der Kaffee kostet drei
+                                            Mark acht. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> e. </td>
+                                    <td> The tea costs two marks four. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der Tee kostet zwei Mark
+                                            vier. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> f. </td>
+                                    <td> The milk costs twelve pennies. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Milch kostet zwölf
+                                            Pfennig. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> g </td>
+                                    <td> Bratwurst and sauerkraut costs two marks five. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut
+                                            kostet zwei Mark fünf. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><p>
+                        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
+                            </p><table id="d5e2315"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><thead><tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Drei und vier ist sieben.
+                                            </em></span></th>
+                                        <th align="center"> Three and four is seven. </th>
+                                    </tr></thead><tr>
+                                    <td> a. </td>
+                                    <td> Five and three is eight. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Fünf und drei ist acht.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> b. </td>
+                                    <td> How much is two and six? </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie viel ist zwei und
+                                            sechs? </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> c. </td>
+                                    <td> Seven and five is twelve. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sieben und fünf ist
+                                            zwölf. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> d. </td>
+                                    <td> Three and three is six. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Drei und drei ist sechs.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> e. </td>
+                                    <td> How much is seven and four? </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie viel ist sieben und
+                                            vier? </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> f. </td>
+                                    <td> Is nine and one eleven? </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist neun und eins elf?
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td> g. </td>
+                                    <td> No, nine and one is ten. </td>
+                                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Nein, neun und eins ist
+                                            zehn. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><p>
+                        </p></li></ol></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch01s04.xhtml">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="ch01.xhtml">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ch01s06.xhtml">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Substitution drill. </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.xhtml">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Translation drill </td></tr></table></div></body></html>

+ 136 - 0
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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!DOCTYPE html
+  PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Translation drill</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"/><link rel="home" href="index.xhtml" title="GERMAN Basic Course"/><link rel="up" href="ch01.xhtml" title="Chapter 1. Unit 1"/><link rel="prev" href="ch01s05.xhtml" title="Variation drill"/><link rel="next" href="ch01s07.xhtml" title="Response drill"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Translation drill </th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch01s05.xhtml">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter 1. Unit 1</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ch01s07.xhtml">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><div class="section" title="Translation drill"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="d5e2359"/>Translation drill </h2></div></div></div><p> Students cover right-hand side of page and take turns giving the German version
+                of the sentences in English column. The instructor must insist that each student
+                give his version without hesitation. Go over the drill several times, until each
+                student has had an opportunity to give all sentences.</p><p> Unless students can do this drill confidently, they need more preparation.</p><table id="d5e2363"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 1. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> Is that the embassy? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            das die Botschaft? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 2. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> No, that's not the embassy, that is
+                        the hotel. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, das ist nicht die Botschaft, das ist das Hotel.
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 3 .</td>
+                    <td align="left"> The embassy is over there, to the
+                        left. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die
+                            Botschaft ist da drüben, links. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 4. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> How is the beer, is it good? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            ist das Bier, ist es gut? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 5. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> No, it's not very good. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, es ist nicht sehr gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 6. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> What is that there, the airport? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Was
+                            ist das dort, der Flughafen? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 7. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> Yes, that's the airport. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            das ist der Flughafen. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 8. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> Is Mr. Becker here? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            Herr Becker hier? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 9. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> No, he isn't (here). </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, er ist nicht hier. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left">10. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> Is the wine good here? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            hier der Wein gut? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left">11. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> Yes, it is (good here). </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            er ist gut hier. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left">12. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> Where is Miss Schneider? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo
+                            ist Fräulein Schneider? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left">13. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> Isn't she here? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            sie nicht hier? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left">14. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> No, she isn't (here). </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, sie ist nicht hier. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left">15. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> How much does sausage and sauerkraut
+                        cost? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            viel kostet Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr>
+                    <td align="left">16. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> It doesn't cost much. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Es
+                            kostet nicht viel. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left">17. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> Where are the cigars? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo
+                            sind die Zigarren? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left">18. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> Aren't they here? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sind
+                            sie nicht hier? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left">19. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> No, they aren't (here). </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, sie sind nicht hier. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left">20. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> They cost four marks. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie
+                            kosten vier Mark. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left">21. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> Do you understand me? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Verstehen Sie mich? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left">22. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> What did you say? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            bitte? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left">23. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> Yes, I understand you very well. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            ich verstehe Sie sehr gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left">24. </td>
+                    <td align="left"> Would you like to eat? </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Möchten Sie gern essen? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left">25 </td>
+                    <td align="left"> Yes, I would. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            gerne. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table></div><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch01s05.xhtml">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="ch01.xhtml">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ch01s07.xhtml">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Variation drill </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.xhtml">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Response drill </td></tr></table></div></body></html>

+ 238 - 0
chunks/ch01s07.xhtml

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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!DOCTYPE html
+  PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Response drill</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"/><link rel="home" href="index.xhtml" title="GERMAN Basic Course"/><link rel="up" href="ch01.xhtml" title="Chapter 1. Unit 1"/><link rel="prev" href="ch01s06.xhtml" title="Translation drill"/><link rel="next" href="ch01s08.xhtml" title="Conversation practice"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Response drill </th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch01s06.xhtml">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter 1. Unit 1</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ch01s08.xhtml">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><div class="section" title="Response drill"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="d5e2492"/>Response drill </h2></div></div></div><p> Students are to prepare this drill at home. The questions are generally directed
+                toward the situation or situations presented in the Basic Sentences. The answers
+                suggested are obviously not the only possible answers to these questions, and the
+                student should feel free to vary them or to replace them by his own formulations ad
+                libitum, within the limitations of structure and vocabulary covered.</p><table id="d5e2495"><col width="10%"/><col width="45%"/><col width="45%"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 1. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo
+                            ist Herr Becker? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Er
+                            ist dort drüben. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 2. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            das Frau Kunze? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, das ist nicht Frau Kunze. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 3.</td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo
+                            sind Herr und Frau Schneider? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Herr
+                            und Frau Schneider sind hier. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 4. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            geht es Ihnen? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Danke gut. Und Ihnen? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 5.</td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Verstehen Sie mich? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            ich verstehe Sie gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 6. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Verstehen Sie mich auch gut? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, ich verstehe Sie nicht. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 7.</td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo
+                            ist der Bahnhof? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der
+                            Bahnhof ist dort rechts. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 8. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            das der Bahnhof? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, das ist nicht der Bahnhof. Er ist dort, geradeaus.
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 9.</td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo
+                            ist der Flughafen? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Er
+                            ist dort drüben. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 10. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            das Hotel dort links? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, es ist dort rechts. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 11. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das
+                            Restaurant ist dort drüben, nicht wahr? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            es ist dort drüben, geradeaus. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 12. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Was
+                            ist das dort? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das
+                            ist die Botschaft. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 13. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo
+                            ist hier die Bank? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die
+                            Bank ist hier links. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 14. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> 1st
+                            das die Botschaft da drüben? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            das ist die Botschaft. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 15. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            ist das Cafe? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das
+                            Cafe ist sehr gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 16. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            das Restaurant auch gut? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, das Restaurant ist nicht sehr gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 17. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            sagt man "good bye" auf deutsch? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Man
+                            sagt "Auf Wiedersehen". </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 18.</td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            sagt man "thank you" auf deutsch? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Man
+                            sagt "Danke schön". </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 19. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Was
+                            möchten Sie haben? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich
+                            möchte zehn Zigaretten haben. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 20. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Möchten Sie auch Zigarren haben? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            ich möchte auch Zigarren haben. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 21. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            viele möchten Sie haben? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Vier, bitte. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 22. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Möchten Sie auch Streichhölzer haben? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            ich möchte auch Streichhölzer haben. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 23. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            viel kosten die Zigarren? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die
+                            Zigarren kosten eine Mark. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 24. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Kostet das Bier eine Mark? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, es kostet eine Mark zehn. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 25. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            viel kostet der Wein? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Er
+                            kostet sechs Mark fünf. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 26. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            viel kosten der Kaffee und der Tee? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der
+                            Kaffee und der Tee kosten fünf Mark zwölf. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 27. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Möchten Sie gern etwas essen? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            ich möchte gern etwas essen. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 28. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Was
+                            möchten Sie essen? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich
+                            möchte Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut essen. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 29. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Möchten Sie auch Brot essen? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            ich möchte auch etwas Brot essen. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 30. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            ist hier das Bier? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das
+                            Bier ist hier sehr gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 31. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            der Wein auch gut? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            der Wein ist auch sehr gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 32. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            ist der Kaffee? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der
+                            Kaffee ist nicht gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 33. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            der Tee auch nicht gut? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, er ist auch nicht gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 34. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            die Milch gut? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ja,
+                            die Milch ist sehr gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 35. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            viel ist zwei und zwei? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Zwei
+                            und zwei ist vier. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 36. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            drei und vier acht? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, drei und vier ist sieben. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 37. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            viel ist fünf und vier? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Fünf
+                            und vier ist neun. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> 38. </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            sechs und fünf zwölf? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, sechs und fünf ist nicht zwölf. Sechs und fünf ist elf.
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table></div><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch01s06.xhtml">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="ch01.xhtml">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ch01s08.xhtml">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Translation drill  </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.xhtml">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Conversation practice</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

+ 148 - 0
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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!DOCTYPE html
+  PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Conversation practice</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"/><link rel="home" href="index.xhtml" title="GERMAN Basic Course"/><link rel="up" href="ch01.xhtml" title="Chapter 1. Unit 1"/><link rel="prev" href="ch01s07.xhtml" title="Response drill"/><link rel="next" href="ch01s09.xhtml" title="Situations"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Conversation practice</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch01s07.xhtml">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter 1. Unit 1</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ch01s09.xhtml">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><div class="section" title="Conversation practice"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="d5e2727"/>Conversation practice</h2></div></div></div><p> Students keep books closed. Preparation before class is recommended.</p><p> The instructor reads one conversational bout three or four times, out loud, at
+                normal speed. Class listens and students memorize.</p><p> The instructor and one student now 'play back' the conversation. Repeat each bout
+                until each student has taken each part once. Then proceed to the next bout.</p><p> Keep the ball rolling. If students are hesitant, abandon this drill for the day.
+                Students will prepare themselves at home for the next repetition of the
+                drill.</p><p> The instructor will POSTPONE CORRECTING OF MISTAKES during a bout until after it
+                is concluded so as not to discourage the student. After the bout, the instructor
+                simply says the mistaken or mispronounced item to the student and has him repeat it
+                after him.</p><table id="d5e2734"><col width="10%"/><col width="90%"/><tr>
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="top">
+                        <span class="bold"><strong>1</strong></span>
+                    </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> A: </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo
+                            ist die Botschaft hier in Bonn? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> B: </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die
+                            Botschaft ist dort, geradeaus. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> A: </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            bitte? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> B: </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie
+                            ist dort, geradeaus. Verstehen Sie mich? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> A: </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            danke. Und wo ist der Flughafen? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> B: </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der
+                            Flughafen ist da links. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> A: </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Danke schön. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d5e2768"><col width="10%"/><col width="90%"/><tr>
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="top">
+                        <span class="bold"><strong>2</strong></span>
+                    </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> S:</td>
+                    <td align="justify"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Guten Tag, Herr Becker. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> K:</td>
+                    <td align="justify"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Guten Tag, Herr Kunze. Wie geht es Ihnen? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> S: </td>
+                    <td align="justify"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Danke, gut. Und Ihnen? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> K:</td>
+                    <td align="justify"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Auch gut, danke. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> S:</td>
+                    <td align="justify"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Wie ist das Bier hier? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> K:</td>
+                    <td align="justify"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Es ist sehr gut und der Wein ist auch gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> S:</td>
+                    <td align="justify"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Wie viel kostet das Bier? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> K:</td>
+                    <td align="justify"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Es kostet eine Mark zehn. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> S:</td>
+                    <td align="justify"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Möchten Sie auch etwas essen? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> K:</td>
+                    <td align="justify"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, danke. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d5e2814"><col width="10%"/><col width="90%"/><tr>
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="top"><span class="bold"><strong> 3
+                        </strong></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> C: </td>
+                    <td align="justify"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Guten Morgen. Ich möchte gern zehn Zigarren haben. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> D: </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Bitte. Möchten Sie auch Zigaretten haben? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> C: </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, danke. Aber ich möchte Streichhölzer haben. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> D: </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Hier
+                            bitte. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> C:</td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            viel kosten die Zigarren? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> D:</td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie
+                            kästen fünf Mark sieben. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d5e2844"><col width="10%"/><col width="90%"/><tr>
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="top"><span class="bold"><strong> 4
+                        </strong></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> E: </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Verzeihung, wo ist das Restaurant? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> F:</td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das
+                            Restaurant ist dort, rechts. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> E: </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            das der Flughafen dort drüben? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> F: </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, das ist nicht der Flughafen, das ist der Bahnhof. Der Flughafen
+                            ist dort, links. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> E: </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            bitte? Ich verstehe Sie nicht. Sprechen Sie bitte langsam.
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> F: </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das
+                            ist nicht der Flughafen, das ist der Bahnhof. Der Flughafen ist dort,
+                            links. Verstehen Sie mich? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left"> E: </td>
+                    <td align="left"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            ich verstehe Sie. Auf Wiedersehen. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table></div><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch01s07.xhtml">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="ch01.xhtml">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ch01s09.xhtml">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Response drill  </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.xhtml">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Situations</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

+ 24 - 0
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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!DOCTYPE html
+  PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Situations</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"/><link rel="home" href="index.xhtml" title="GERMAN Basic Course"/><link rel="up" href="ch01.xhtml" title="Chapter 1. Unit 1"/><link rel="prev" href="ch01s08.xhtml" title="Conversation practice"/><link rel="next" href="ch01s10.xhtml" title="Finder list"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Situations</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch01s08.xhtml">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter 1. Unit 1</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ch01s10.xhtml">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><div class="section" title="Situations"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="d5e2878"/>Situations</h2></div></div></div><p> You are now ready for free conversation. Act out the following situations, Which
+                are slight variations on the basic sentences, as freely and fluently as you can,
+                making use of all the patterns you have learned.</p><p><span class="bold"><strong> Finding the Way</strong></span></p><p> An American has just arrived in Germany and doesn't understand too well yet. He
+                asks a German on the street where the hotel is. The German tells him it's over there
+                to the left. The American doesn't understand him and asks him to say it again
+                please.</p><p> He still does not understand and asks the German to speak slowly. The latter
+                repeats much slower and asks the American if he understands. The American says he
+                does, thanks him and says good-bye.</p><p> Go through this conversation again with the American asking for the embassy,
+                cafe, airport, etc., and the German giving different directions: straight ahead,
+                over there, to the right, etc.</p><p><span class="bold"><strong> Question Practice</strong></span></p><p> Each student asks the next student a question in addition (numbers one to
+                twelve). He answers it and asks the next student, etc. </p><p><span class="bold"><strong>At the Cigar Store </strong></span></p><p>Mr. Becker is the proprietor of a cigar store. Mr. Schneider stops in for some
+                cigarettes. They exchange greetings, and Mr. Becker asks what Mr. Schneider would
+                like. After getting him the cigarettes he asks if Mr. Schneider would like some
+                cigars, too. He says no thanks, but he would like some matches. Figuring up his own
+                bill he says that costs one mark ten, doesn't it, but Mr. Becker says no, it costs
+                two marks. Mr. Schneider gives him the money, and they say good-bye to each other. </p><p><span class="bold"><strong>At the Restaurant </strong></span></p><p>Miss Schneider is the waitress in a restaurant. Mr. Kunze greets her as he comes
+                in and asks how she is. She returns his greeting and asks if he is well, too. He
+                says yes, thanks, and asks if they have sausage and sauerkraut, and how the beer and
+                the wine are, etc. Finally he says he'd like to have sausage and sauerkraut, beer
+                and some bread. After the meal he pays her - it costs three marks - and says
+                good-bye.</p></div><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch01s08.xhtml">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="ch01.xhtml">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ch01s10.xhtml">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Conversation practice </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.xhtml">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Finder list</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

+ 326 - 0
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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!DOCTYPE html
+  PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Finder list</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"/><link rel="home" href="index.xhtml" title="GERMAN Basic Course"/><link rel="up" href="ch01.xhtml" title="Chapter 1. Unit 1"/><link rel="prev" href="ch01s09.xhtml" title="Situations"/><link rel="next" href="ch02.xhtml" title="Chapter 2. "/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Finder list</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch01s09.xhtml">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter 1. Unit 1</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ch02.xhtml">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><div class="section" title="Finder list"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="d5e2895"/>Finder list</h2></div></div></div><p> FINDER LIST</p><table id="d5e2898"><col width="50%"/><col width="50%"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Abend </em></span></td>
+                    <td> evening </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> aber </em></span></td>
+                    <td> but </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> acht </em></span></td>
+                    <td> eight </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> auch </em></span></td>
+                    <td> also, too </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> auch nicht </em></span></td>
+                    <td> not ... either </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> auf deutsch </em></span></td>
+                    <td> in German </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Auf Wiedersehen'. </em></span></td>
+                    <td> good-bye </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der Bahnhof </em></span></td>
+                    <td> station </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die Bank </em></span></td>
+                    <td> bank </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das Bier </em></span></td>
+                    <td> beer </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> bitte </em></span></td>
+                    <td> please </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> bitte schön </em></span></td>
+                    <td> here you are </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die Botschaft </em></span></td>
+                    <td> embassy </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut
+                        </em></span></td>
+                    <td> sausage and sauerkraut </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Brot </em></span></td>
+                    <td> bread </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das Café</em></span></td>
+                    <td> cafe </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> da </em></span></td>
+                    <td> there </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> danke </em></span></td>
+                    <td> thanks </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> danke schön </em></span></td>
+                    <td> many thanks </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das </em></span></td>
+                    <td> that </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> dort </em></span></td>
+                    <td> there </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> drei </em></span></td>
+                    <td> three </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> drüben </em></span></td>
+                    <td> over there </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> eins </em></span></td>
+                    <td> one </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> elf </em></span></td>
+                    <td> eleven </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> er </em></span></td>
+                    <td> he, it </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> es </em></span></td>
+                    <td> it </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> essen </em></span></td>
+                    <td> eat </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> etwas Brot </em></span></td>
+                    <td> some bread </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der Flughafen </em></span></td>
+                    <td> airport </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Frau </em></span></td>
+                    <td> Mrs. </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Frau Kunze </em></span></td>
+                    <td> Mrs. Kunze </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Fräulein </em></span></td>
+                    <td> Miss </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Fräulein Schneider </em></span></td>
+                    <td> Miss Schneider </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> fünf </em></span></td>
+                    <td> five </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> geht </em></span></td>
+                    <td> goes </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> geradeaus </em></span></td>
+                    <td> straight ahead </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> gern(e) </em></span></td>
+                    <td> with pleasure </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> gut </em></span></td>
+                    <td> good, well </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> guten Abend </em></span></td>
+                    <td> good evening </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> guten Morgen </em></span></td>
+                    <td> good morning </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> guten Tag </em></span></td>
+                    <td> hello (good by) </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> haben </em></span></td>
+                    <td> have </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Herr </em></span></td>
+                    <td> Mr. </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Herr Becker </em></span></td>
+                    <td> Mr. Becker </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> hier </em></span></td>
+                    <td> here </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das Hotel </em></span></td>
+                    <td> hotel </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ich </em></span></td>
+                    <td> I </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ihnen </em></span></td>
+                    <td> to you, with you </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ist </em></span></td>
+                    <td> is </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja </em></span></td>
+                    <td> yes </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der Kaffee </em></span></td>
+                    <td> coffee </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> kosten </em></span></td>
+                    <td> cost </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> kostet </em></span></td>
+                    <td> costs </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> langsam </em></span></td>
+                    <td> slow, slowly </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> links </em></span></td>
+                    <td> left, to the left </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> man </em></span></td>
+                    <td> one, you </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Mark </em></span></td>
+                    <td> Mark, Marks </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> eine Mark </em></span></td>
+                    <td> one Mark </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> zwei Mark </em></span></td>
+                    <td> two Marks </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> mich </em></span></td>
+                    <td> me (acc) </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die Milch </em></span></td>
+                    <td> milk </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> möchten </em></span></td>
+                    <td> would like </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> möchten Sie </em></span></td>
+                    <td> would you like </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ich möchte </em></span></td>
+                    <td> I would like </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ich möchte gern </em></span></td>
+                    <td> I'd like very much </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Morgen </em></span></td>
+                    <td> morning </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> nein </em></span></td>
+                    <td> no </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> neun </em></span></td>
+                    <td> nine </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> nicht </em></span></td>
+                    <td> not </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> nicht wahr? </em></span></td>
+                    <td> isn1t it (not true)? </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> nochmal </em></span></td>
+                    <td> again </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> null </em></span></td>
+                    <td> zero </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Pfennig </em></span></td>
+                    <td> penny, pennies </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> rechts </em></span></td>
+                    <td> to the right </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das Restaurant </em></span></td>
+                    <td> restaurant </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sagt </em></span></td>
+                    <td> says </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sagt man </em></span></td>
+                    <td> does one say </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sechs </em></span></td>
+                    <td> six </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sehr </em></span></td>
+                    <td> very </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sie </em></span></td>
+                    <td> she, it </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie </em></span></td>
+                    <td> you </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sieben </em></span></td>
+                    <td> seven </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sind </em></span></td>
+                    <td> are </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sprechen </em></span></td>
+                    <td> speak </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die Streichhölzer </em></span></td>
+                    <td> matches </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Tag </em></span></td>
+                    <td> day </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der Tee </em></span></td>
+                    <td> tea </td>
+                </tr><tr>
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> und </em></span></td>
+                    <td> and </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> verstehen </em></span></td>
+                    <td> understand </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> verstehen Sie </em></span></td>
+                    <td> do you understand </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ich verstehe </em></span></td>
+                    <td> I understand </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verzeihung </em></span></td>
+                    <td> excuse me </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> vier </em></span></td>
+                    <td> four </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> was </em></span></td>
+                    <td> What </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das Wasser </em></span></td>
+                    <td> water </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der Wein </em></span></td>
+                    <td> wine </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wie </em></span></td>
+                    <td> how </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wie bitte? </em></span></td>
+                    <td> I beg your pardon. What did you say? </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wie viel </em></span></td>
+                    <td> now much </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wie viele </em></span></td>
+                    <td> how many </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wo </em></span></td>
+                    <td> Where </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> zehn </em></span></td>
+                    <td> ten </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Zigaretten </em></span></td>
+                    <td> cigarettes </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die Zigarren </em></span></td>
+                    <td> cigars </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> zwei </em></span></td>
+                    <td> two </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> zwölf </em></span></td>
+                    <td> twelve </td>
+                </tr></table></div><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch01s09.xhtml">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="ch01.xhtml">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ch02.xhtml">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Situations </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.xhtml">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 2. </td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!DOCTYPE html
+  PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Chapter 2. </title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"/><link rel="home" href="index.xhtml" title="GERMAN Basic Course"/><link rel="up" href="index.xhtml" title="GERMAN Basic Course"/><link rel="prev" href="ch01s10.xhtml" title="Finder list"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter 2. </th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch01s10.xhtml">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center"> </th><td width="20%" align="right"> </td></tr></table><hr/></div><div class="chapter" title="Chapter 2. "><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="d5e3329"/>Chapter 2. </h2></div></div></div><p/></div><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch01s10.xhtml">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"> </td><td width="40%" align="right"> </td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Finder list </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.xhtml">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> </td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!DOCTYPE html
+  PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"/><link rel="home" href="index.xhtml" title="GERMAN Basic Course"/><link rel="up" href="index.xhtml" title="GERMAN Basic Course"/><link rel="prev" href="index.xhtml" title="GERMAN Basic Course"/><link rel="next" href="pr01.xhtml" title="Preface"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center"/></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="index.xhtml">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center"> </th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="pr01.xhtml">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><div class="colophon"><h2 class="title"><a id="d5e7"/></h2><p/></div><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="index.xhtml">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"> </td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="pr01.xhtml">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">GERMAN Basic Course </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.xhtml">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Preface</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!DOCTYPE html
+  PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>GERMAN Basic Course</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"/><link rel="home" href="index.xhtml" title="GERMAN Basic Course"/><link rel="next" href="co01.xhtml" title=""/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">GERMAN Basic Course</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"> </td><th width="60%" align="center"> </th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="co01.xhtml">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><div xml:lang="en" class="book" title="GERMAN Basic Course"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="d5e1"/>GERMAN Basic Course</h1></div><div><h2 class="subtitle">UNITS 1 - 12</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="orgname">Foreign Service Institute</span></h3></div></div></div><hr/></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl><dt><span class="preface"><a href="pr01.xhtml">Preface</a></span></dt><dt><span class="preface"><a href="pr02.xhtml">Introduction</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="ch01.xhtml">1. Unit 1</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch01.xhtml#d5e42">Basic sentences: <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wir sind in
+                    Deutschland</em></span></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch01s02.xhtml">Notes on pronunciation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch01s03.xhtml">Notes on grammar</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch01s04.xhtml">Substitution drill.</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch01s05.xhtml">Variation drill</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch01s06.xhtml">Translation drill </a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch01s07.xhtml">Response drill </a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch01s08.xhtml">Conversation practice</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch01s09.xhtml">Situations</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch01s10.xhtml">Finder list</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="ch02.xhtml">2. </a></span></dt></dl></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"> </td><td width="20%" align="center"> </td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="co01.xhtml">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top"> </td><td width="20%" align="center"> </td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> </td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!DOCTYPE html
+  PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Preface</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"/><link rel="home" href="index.xhtml" title="GERMAN Basic Course"/><link rel="up" href="index.xhtml" title="GERMAN Basic Course"/><link rel="prev" href="co01.xhtml" title=""/><link rel="next" href="pr02.xhtml" title="Introduction"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Preface</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="co01.xhtml">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center"> </th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="pr02.xhtml">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><div class="preface" title="Preface"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="d5e10"/>Preface</h2></div></div></div><p> This Basic Course in German has been designed to assist United States Government
+            representatives who require a command of spoken German. The general concept of this text
+            has grown out of the plan of Spoken Language courses prepared under the auspices of the
+            American Council of Learned Societies during World War II. But pattern drills and other
+            exercises have been developed extensively at the Foreign Service Institute to provide a
+            much fuller manipulation of forms and patterns, and a conscious attempt has been made to
+            adapt situations and vocabulary to specific needs of the Foreign Service. And the course
+            is intended to lay a solid foundation for comprehensive language skills, providing
+            systematically for the development of reading proficiency based on oral- aural skills. </p><p>This text is the end-product of several years of work and has benefited from the
+            labors of many members and former members of the FSI staff. In its present form it was
+            prepared under the supervision of Or. Samuel A. Brown, who has had overall
+            responsibility for the arrangement of situation­al material and for the organization and
+            presentation of structural features. Particular credit for the dialogs and much of the
+            drill material goes to Mrs. Use Christoph. Mrs. Christoph has been assisted by Mrs.
+            Maria-Luise Bissonnette, Mr Friedrich Lehmann, Mr. Gerhard Matzel, Mrs. Margarete
+            Plischke and Mrs. Erika Quaid. A most valuable contribution was also made by Mrs. Quaid
+            in preparing the major part of the typescript, assisted by Miss Geneviève Ducastel. The
+            project has been a cooperative venture, however, and all members of the German staff
+            have contributed freely the fruit of their classroom experience and the gifts of their
+            imagination and insight.<span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="../Images/Fsi-GermanBasicCourse-Volume1-StudentText-4.png"/></span></p><p> H. E. Sollenberger Dean, School of Languages Foreign Service Institute</p></div><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="co01.xhtml">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"> </td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="pr02.xhtml">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top"> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.xhtml">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Introduction</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!DOCTYPE html
+  PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Introduction</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"/><link rel="home" href="index.xhtml" title="GERMAN Basic Course"/><link rel="up" href="index.xhtml" title="GERMAN Basic Course"/><link rel="prev" href="pr01.xhtml" title="Preface"/><link rel="next" href="ch01.xhtml" title="Chapter 1. Unit 1"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Introduction</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="pr01.xhtml">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center"> </th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ch01.xhtml">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><div class="preface" title="Introduction"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="d5e18"/>Introduction</h2></div></div></div><p> AIM </p><p>It is the aim of the course to provide the student with a useful control of the
+            structure of the spoken language and of a basic vocabulary which meets at least some of
+            the specialized needs of the Foreign Service. After completion of the basic course the
+            Foreign Service Officer should be able to make limited practical use of the language in
+            his official duties and social obligations. He will furthermore have the means, given
+            the proper surroundings and personal motivation, for continued rapid and efficient
+            development of proficiency. </p><p>MATERIALS </p><p>The materials in this first volume of the text are organized into twelve lessons or
+            units. Each unit contains a set of basic sentences for memorization. These are in the
+            form of a dialog based on one or sometimes two specific situations in which a person
+            might find himself in Germany. Notes to the basic sentences are provided as necessary to
+            clarify occasional difficulties in vocabulary and idiom and to provide additional
+            background on some cultural features unfamiliar to Americans. Notes on pronunciation are
+            included in each of the first eight units. Phonological features which have been found
+            to be particularly difficult for American students are here presented with explanations
+            and pronunciation practice drills. The notes on grammar in each unit single out those
+            structural features illustrated in the basic sentences which are appropriate for
+            systematic consideration at that stage in the course. Substitution drills provide for
+            the manipulation of forms by substituting specific items in fixed sentence frames. They
+            are in­tended to build habits of association, so that in a given syntactic environment
+            the appropriate grammatical form automatically comes to mind. As the German vocabulary
+            is all familiar, no English equivalents are given in these drills. Variation drills
+            provide for the manipulation of larger syntactic patterns. In each group a model
+            sentence, underscored, serves as a guide. Associated with it are additional sentences
+            incorporating the same syntactic pattern but in which most of the individual word items
+            have been replaced. English equivalents are given to serve as cues for recall of the
+            German variant sentences. Vocabulary drills provide both practice in the use of new
+            vocabulary items and also allow for manipulation of sentence elements whose particular
+            form and arrangement depends upon their association with that vocabulary item. The
+            manipulation of both variation and vocabulary drills depends on the use of English
+            equivalents. Specific translation drills are also provided, however. In most cases they
+            present the material of the basic dialog in the form of a narrative. They thus provide
+            content review of the basic sentences and practice in the transformation from active
+            dialog to descriptive narration. The response drills are question and answer drills on
+            the situations of the basic dialogs. Conversation practice and additional situations in
+            out­line bridge the gap to free conversation with small pieces of supplementary dialog
+            for acting out and situations providing for a freer play of the student's imagination.
+            The finder list in each unit notes all new vocabulary which has been presented. </p><p>METHOD AND PROCEDURE </p><p>This is a course in Spoken German; the forms and patterns of the language are
+            intentionally colloquial. The emphasis in instruction is everywhere on speech, and an
+            indispensable component of the learning process is the voice of a tutor, or instructor,
+            whose native language is German. On no account should the student attempt to use these
+            materials without either a native instructor or recordings of a native instructor's
+            voice. The method of instruction incorporates guided imitation. repetition,
+            memorization, pattern practice. and conversation. </p><p>Working under the supervision of a linguist the tutor's role is to serve as a model
+            for speech and to guide the student to accurate imitation by constant repetition and
+            correction. The student's Job is to watch and listen to the tutor carefully and to
+            imitate as exactly as he can the sounds which he hears. He must be prepared for constant
+            cor­rection and repetition. Each time however the instructor will give him a model to
+            follow by repeating the item first. The student should never attempt to read from his
+            text but should always wait until he hears the word or utterance as the tutor speaks it
+            for him. As far as possible he should leave his book closed during the presentation of
+            new dialog material and keep his eyes on the tutor, students will be asked to repeat in
+            chorus and individually and will be expected to re­peat many, many times, even when
+            their imitation has been good and accurate. Only by constant repetition after an
+            authentic model for speech can habitual fluent and accurate reproduction of the sounds
+            and forms of the foreign language be achieved. </p><p>The basic sentences are preceded by "build-ups" giving the com­ponent parts of the
+            utterance separately. Each new item which is introduced appears first as a build-up. The
+            tutor will ask the students to repeat the build-ups separately first, then combined into
+            larger units and finally the complete new sentence or utterance. The basic sentences are
+            sub-divided into numbered sections, each to be treated as a unit, repeated in chorus and
+            individually, with and with­out build-ups, until the students' imitation is
+            satisfactory. Then a new section may be begun. The time required to cover each section
+            in this way will differ widely depending on the size and ability of the class. After
+            acceptable imitation and accurate pronunciation has been achieved in one or more
+            sections they are assigned for memorization outside of class or repeated in class until
+            memorized. The student should be able to give either the German sentence or its English
+            equivalent on request or switch from one to the other and back again. The tutor will
+            drill by repeating each sentence for each student in the class, then by giving each
+            student a different sentence, repeating it for him first, and finally asking the
+            students to recite the sentences in order, the first student the first sentence, the
+            second student the second sentence, etc., without receiving a cue from the instructor.
+            Repetition outside of class, preferably using recorded materials as a guide, should be
+            continued to the point of over-learning. The student should not only be able to give the
+            correct German sentence immediately upon hearing an English equivalent, at random
+            selection, he should also be able to give the correct German sentence with equal ease
+            and speed of response upon hearing its German cue. As a final step the students are
+            expected to act out the basic dialog in entirety from memory, with the tutor or with
+            other students. Only when the basic sentences have been mastered to this extent can they
+            be considered to provide an adequate basis for control of the spoken language. It should
+            be noted at this point that the English text accompanying the basic sentences is not
+            primarily a translation but rather a set of conversational equivalents. Many apparent
+            discrepancies will be found if the student, or the tutor, looks for word-for-word
+            correspondence between the English and German text. It does not exist. Rather, in such
+            and such a situation this is what is said in German and this is what is said in English. </p><p>The pronunciation practice drills are to be taken up after the presentation of the
+            basic sentences has been completed and memorization has been started. Items are arranged
+            in groups according to the particular phonological feature concerned. Words in vertical
+            columns present the same phonological feature in different environments. Several columns
+            in a practice group contain related phonological features or related phonological
+            environments in which the same feature recurs. Words are to be repeated first in chorus
+            and then individually by each student after the tutor, at first following the vertical
+            columns and later, for variation and comparison, horizontally across the page.
+            Particular attention should be paid to items in contrast. These are minimum meaningfully
+            distinctive sound patterns, accurate control of which is important for communication and
+            comprehension. Contrasting word pairs are linked by a dash, and after separate practice
+            for accuracy the items should be repeated by pairs to bring out the exact distinctions
+            between them. </p><p>The notes on grammar are earmarked for home study. After each unit has been started
+            and the first hour or more has been spent in class on repetition of the basic sentences
+            the student should read through the grammar notes to acquaint himself with the
+            grammatical points presented in that unit. During the whole time a particular unit is
+            being worked on in class the student should continue to study the grammar section. Many
+            questions which he may feel tempted to raise in class will be found to be answered in
+            the notes on grammar. The tutor is specifically requested not to discuss the language
+            with his students, and the students are asked not to ply him with questions. Time in
+            class is to be spent using and manipulating the language and not in talking about it. In
+            each unit one or more grammatical features are presented, and the basic sentences have
+            been designed, as far as is possible consistent with natural expression, to incorporate
+            and illustrate those features. Each point of grammar discussed is illustrated by
+            sentences which are natural utterances in the language. They are taken in nearly every
+            case from the basic sentences of the current or preceding units. Thus the examples are
+            already familiar to the student, and the patterns they contain, which will be drilled
+            and practiced in the sections to follow, are patterns which the student has already
+            begun to assimilate by memorizing the sentences of the dialog. </p><p>After the basic sentences of a unit have all been repeated several times and
+            memorization has been well begun, work can be started on the drills. The material is
+            designed to provide a maximum of additional experience in using the forms and patterns
+            of the language learned in the basic sentences. It is not assumed, however, that the
+            learner is automatically able to transfer the experience gained in the basic sentences
+            to error-free manipulation of these forms and patterns. The drills are by no means a
+            test of what the student can do with the elements given him. It is a matter of no great
+            importance whether he can or cannot "figure them out" by himself. The goal is to learn
+            to speak the language accurately and fluently, and this aim can only be achieved by
+            correct repetition of the forms and patterns involved. Therefore all the sentences in
+            each drill group are first to be repeated after the tutor in their correct form. The
+            tutor then cues each student in turn for repetition of one of the drill sentences until
+            all students have given all sentences correctly. </p><p>In the substitution drills the model sentence and all its variants are first repeated
+            in chorus after the tutor. He then gives the model sentence again, the class repeats it
+            in chorus, after which each student is cued individually with an item to be substituted
+            and repeats the sentence with the substitution called for. in some cases the cue is the
+            exact form which fits into the sentence. In some cases a cue is given which requires the
+            student to choose the proper form to fit the syntactic environment of the model.
+            Regardless of which type of cue is given or how simple or complex the exercise may
+            appear to be, the student's task is to make the substitution without hesitation and to
+            repeat the sentence accurately at normal conversational speed. Although no English
+            equivalents are given in the substitution drills and the first task is rapid, fluent and
+            accurate manipulation of the material in German. the tutor may ask for spot translations
+            into English here and there, and on the second or third repetition of the drill he may
+            give English equivalents as word or sentence cues in place of the German cues provided. </p><p> In most of the variation drills and in all of the vocabulary drills the cues take the
+            form of equivalent English sentences. Basic procedure remains the same as in the
+            substitution drills. All sentences in a given variation or vocabulary group are first
+            repeated after the tutor in their correct form. The tutor then gives the pattern
+            sentence again, and the students repeat it in chorus, after which they are required
+            individually to recall and repeat the correct German sentences for which an English
+            equivalent is given. Students may work with their books open here, covering up the
+            right-hand side of the page on Which the German sentences are printed and taking their
+            cues from the English sentences on the left-hand side of the page. </p><p>Conversion drills require the conversion of one or more elements in a sentence from
+            one form to another - singular to plural, present tense to past tense, etc. No English
+            is provided for these sentences as a rule. However, as in the substitution drills the
+            tutor may ask for a random spot translation into English, and he may go through the
+            drill a second or third time giving English sentence cues for which the student gives
+            the German equivalent. </p><p>Translation and response drills, as noted above, are in most cases directly related to
+            the basic sentences. In translation drills the procedure is similar to that followed in
+            variation and vocabulary drills. Students may work with their books open, covering the
+            German text and reading the English sentences themselves, or if preferred, books may be
+            left closed while the tutor gives the English equivalents. In the response drills it is
+            often appropriate for the tutor to address two or three questions to the same student
+            and then two or three more to the next, so that the drill takes on a more natural
+            character of conversation­al interchange. Both drills should be repeated in entirety
+            several times, however, or until all students have had a chance to respond to all items. </p><p> It will be noted that all drill material is provided with both a cue and a correct
+            response, so that all may be prepared by the student outside of class and repeated and
+            practiced by him as often as necessary to achieve complete accuracy and fluency. In many
+            cases there is more than one possible response to a given cue, and instructors are
+            encouraged to accept all responses which are truly equivalent. If a correct response has
+            been given, however, instructors are not to suggest variant forms which may occur to
+            them, as this only introduces unnecessary complexity of choice to an exercise which is
+            difficult enough as it is. </p><p>In the conversation practice brief conversations, usually on the same theme as the
+            basic dialog, are read through by the tutor three or four times while students listen.
+            Then the tutor takes one role while one student takes the other, and they repeat the
+            conversation together. The student's aim here is not primarily to memorize and repeat
+            exactly, but to give as accurate an equivalent as possible in his own words. After
+            acting out the conversation with the tutor the student goes through it again with
+            another student, he in turn with the next student, and so on until all have taken both
+            parts in the dialog. </p><p>The situations are brief descriptions, in English in the earlier units, later in
+            German, of occurrences similar to those on which the basic dialogs are based. Two or
+            more students then act out what has been described in their own way and using their ov.i
+            words. They are free to use their imagination and fill in any supplementary details that
+            occur to them. The whole conversation should not be prolonged however more than four or
+            five minutes maximum duration. Then other students may try their hand at the same
+            situation. </p><p>The narratives, beginning with the fifth unit, are designed for reading purposes. In
+            the early units they introduce a minimum of additional vocabulary and unfamiliar forms,
+            and they may be used in the class for oral narration, the student re-telling in his own
+            words what he has read. In later units some features of expository prose - matters of
+            both form and style - which differ from normal spoken usage are introduced through the
+            narratives in order to bridge the gap between conversational German and those reading
+            skills of a specialized nature which require particular study and attention. </p><p>The ultimate goal of the course, as has been stated above, is to speak accurately,
+            fluently and easily. The text provides for the assimilation of all basic forms and
+            patterns of the language by the guided imitation, memorization, and manipulation of a
+            large number of sentences and by practice in confronting several widely occurring
+            every­day situations. Actual living use of the language in free conversation is a
+            necessary and essential adjunct. The tutor should therefore encourage his students from
+            the start to use the language in every way possible, above and beyond what is provided
+            for in the text. After the first few days of work both students and tutors should avoid
+            the use of English in the classroom for any purpose at all, and they are encouraged to
+            speak German outside the classroom as well. Only by constant use of the skill he is
+            learning can the student hope to master it and retain it as a useful tool of his
+            profession.</p></div><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="pr01.xhtml">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"> </td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ch01.xhtml">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Preface </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.xhtml">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 1. Unit 1</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" version="-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"><head xmlns:h="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" profile=""><title>GERMAN Basic Course</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"/></head><body><h1>GERMAN Basic Course</h1><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl><dt><span class="preface"><a href="pr01.html" shape="rect">Preface</a></span></dt><dt><span class="preface"><a href="pr02.html" shape="rect">Introduction</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="ch01.html" shape="rect">1. Unit 1</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch01.html#d0e72" shape="rect">Basic sentences: <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wir sind in
+                    Deutschland</em></span></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch01s02.html" shape="rect">Notes on pronunciation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch01s03.html" shape="rect">Notes on grammar</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch01s04.html" shape="rect">Substitution drill.</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch01s05.html" shape="rect">Variation drill</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch01s06.html" shape="rect">Translation drill </a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch01s07.html" shape="rect">Response drill </a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch01s08.html" shape="rect">Conversation practice</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch01s09.html" shape="rect">Situations</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch01s10.html" shape="rect">Finder list</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="ch02.html" shape="rect">2. </a></span></dt></dl></div></body></html>

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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" version="-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"><head xmlns:h="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" profile=""><title>Chapter 1. Unit 1</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"/></head><body><div class="chapter" title="Chapter 1. Unit 1"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="d0e69" shape="rect"/>Chapter 1. Unit 1</h1></div></div></div><div class="section" title="Basic sentences: Wir sind in Deutschland"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="d0e72" shape="rect"/>Basic sentences: <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wir sind in
+                    Deutschland</em></span></h1></div></div></div><table id="d0e77"><col width="50%" span="1"/><col width="50%" span="1"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center" rowspan="1"> I </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> good morning </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> guten Morgen
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Good morning. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Guten Morgen.
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Mr. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Herr </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Becker </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Becker </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Mr. Becker </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Herr Becker
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Good morning, Mr. Becker. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Guten Morgen, Herr Becker.
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> day </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Tag </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Hello (Good day). </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Guten Tag.
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Mrs. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Frau </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Kunze </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Kunze </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Mrs. Kunze </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Frau Kunze
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Hello , Mrs. Kunze. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Guten Tag, Frau Kunze.
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> evening </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Abend </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Good evening. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Guten Abend.
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Miss </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Fräulein
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Schneider </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Schneider
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Miss Schneider </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Fräulein Schneider
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Good evening, Miss Schneider. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Guten Abend, Fräulein
+                            Schneider. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d0e247"><col width="50%" span="1"/><col width="50%" span="1"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center" rowspan="1"> II </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Hello, Miss Schneider. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Guten Tag, Fräulein Schneider. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Hello, Mr. Becker. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Guten Tag, Herr Becker. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> how </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wie
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> goes </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> geht
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> it </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> es
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> to you, with you </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Ihnen </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> How are you? (how goes it with you?) </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            geht es Ihnen? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> thanks </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            danke </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> very </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sehr
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> good, well </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> gut
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Fine, Thanks. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Danke, sehr gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> and </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> und
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> And how are you, Mr. Becker? </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Und
+                            wie geht es Ihnen, Herr Becker? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> also, too </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> auch
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Thank you, I’m fine too. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Danke, auch gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d0e390"><col width="50%" span="1"/><col width="50%" span="1"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center" rowspan="1"> III </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> understand </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> verstehen
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> you </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Do you understand Mrs. Kunze? </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Verstehen Sie Frau Kunze? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> no </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> nein
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> I </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ich
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> I understand </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ich
+                            verstehe </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> not </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            nicht </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> No, I don't understand Mrs. Kunze. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, ich verstehe Frau Kunze nicht. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> me </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> mich
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Do you understand me? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verstehen Sie
+                            mich? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> yes </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ja
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Yes, I understand you well. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            ich verstehe Sie gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d0e506"><col width="50%" span="1"/><col width="50%" span="1"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center" rowspan="1"> IV </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> where </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wo
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> is </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ist
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> the airport </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der
+                            Flughafen </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Where's the airport? </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo
+                            ist der Flughafen? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> there </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> dort
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> over there </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            drüben </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> The airport is over there. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der
+                            Flughafen ist dort drüben. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> please </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            bitte </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> I beg your pardon. What did you say? </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            bitte? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> speak </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            sprechen </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> slow, slowly </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            langsam </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Please speak slowly. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Sprechen Sie bitte langsam. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> The airport is over there. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der
+                            Flughafen ist dort drüben. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Do you understand? </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Verstehen Sie? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> thank you </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            danke schön </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Yes, I understand. Thank you. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            ich verstehe. Danke schön. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> you're welcome </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            bitte schön </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> You're welc ome. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Bitte schön. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d0e676"><col width="50%" span="1"/><col width="50%" span="1"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center" rowspan="1"> V</td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> that </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> the railroad station </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der
+                            Bahnhof </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Is that the railroad station? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist das der
+                            Bahnhof? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> No, that' not the station. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, das ist nicht der Bahnhof. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> he, it </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> er
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> to the left </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            links </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> It's there to the left. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Er
+                            ist dort links. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> the restaurant </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das
+                            Restaurant </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Is the restaurant there too? </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            das Restaurant auch dort? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> it </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> es
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Yes, it's there too. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            es ist auch dort. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d0e783"><col width="50%" span="1"/><col width="50%" span="1"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center" rowspan="1"> VI</td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> what </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> was
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> there </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> da
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> What's that there? </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Was
+                            ist das da? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> the hotel </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das
+                            Hotel </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> That's the hotel. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das
+                            ist das Hotel. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> here </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> hier
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> to the right </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            rechts </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> the embassy </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die
+                            Botschaft </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Is the embassy here to the right? </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            die Botschaft hier rechts? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> she, it </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sie
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Yes, it's here to the right. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, sie ist hier
+                            rechts. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d0e890"><col width="50%" span="1"/><col width="50%" span="1"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center" rowspan="1"> VII</td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> excuse me the cafe </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Verzeihung das Cafe </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Excuse me, where is the cafe? </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Verzeihung, wo ist das Cafe? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> straight ahead </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            geradeaus </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> There, straight ahead. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Dort, geradeaus. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> the bank isn't it? (not true?) </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die
+                            Bank nicht wahr </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> The bank is there too, isn't it? </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die
+                            Bank ist auch da, nicht wahr? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Yes, it's there too. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            sie ist auch da. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> thanks </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            danke </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Thanks. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Danke. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> you're welcome </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            bitte </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> You're welcome. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Bitte. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d0e997"><col width="50%" span="1"/><col width="50%" span="1"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center" rowspan="1"> VIII</td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Good morning. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Guten Morgen. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> I would like </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ich
+                            möchte </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> with pleasure </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> gern
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> I'd like very much </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ich
+                            möchte gern </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> some cigars </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Zigarren </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> to have </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            haben </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> I'd like to have some cigars. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich
+                            möchte gern Zigarren haben. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> how many </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wie
+                            viele </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> All right. How many? </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Gern. Wie viele? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> five </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> fünf
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> and </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> und
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> some matches </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Streichhölzer </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Five, and some matches too, please. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Fünf, und bitte auch Streichhölzer. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Here you are. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Hier, bitte. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> how much </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wie
+                            viel </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> costs </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            kostet </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> How much does that cost? </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            viel kostet das? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> the cigars </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die
+                            Zigarren </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> cost </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            kosten </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> two </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> zwei
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Mark </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Mark
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> The cigars cost two Marks. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Zigarren
+                            kosten zwei Mark. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> the matches </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die Streichhölzer
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ten </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> zehn
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> penny, pennies </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Pfennig </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> The matches cost ten pennies. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Streichhölzer
+                            kosten zehn Pfennig. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> would like </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            möchten </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> would you like </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            möchten Sie </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> some cigarettes </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Zigaretten </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Would you like to have some cigarettes
+                        too? </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Möchten Sie auch Zigaretten haben? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> they </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sie
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> they cost </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sie
+                            kosten </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Yes, how much do they cost? </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            wie viel kosten sie? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> one </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> eine
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> One Mark. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Eine
+                            Mark. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Here you are. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Bitte schön</em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Thank you. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Danke schön. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d0e1338"><col width="50%" span="1"/><col width="50%" span="1"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center" rowspan="1"> IX</td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Good evening. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Guten Abend. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> to eat </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            essen </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Would you like to eat? </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Möchten Sie essen? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> sausage and sauerkraut </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Yes, sausage and sauerkraut please. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut, bitte. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> some, a little </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            etwas </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> bread </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Brot
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> And a little bread. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Und
+                            etwas Brot. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d0e1418"><col width="50%" span="1"/><col width="50%" span="1"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center" rowspan="1"> X</td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> the wine </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der Wein
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> How's the wine, and how's the beer? </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            ist der Wein und wie ist das Bier? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> are </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sind
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> The wine and the beer are good. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der
+                            Wein und das Bier sind gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> but </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> aber
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> the coffee </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der
+                            Kaffee </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> But the coffee's not good. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Aber
+                            der Kaffee ist nicht gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> the tea </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der Tee
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> not ... either </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> auch
+                            nicht </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> And the tea isn't good either. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Und
+                            der Tee ist auch nicht gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> the milk </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die
+                            Milch </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Is the milk good? </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist die Milch
+                            gut? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Yes, the milk is very good. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            die Milch ist sehr gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> the water </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das
+                            Wasser </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> How's the water here? </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            ist hier das Wasser? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> The water is good. </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das Wasser ist
+                            gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d0e1570"><col width="50%" span="1"/><col width="50%" span="1"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center" rowspan="1"> XI</td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> zero - one - two - three - four </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">
+                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">null</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">eins</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">zwei</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">drei</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">vier</em></span>
+                    </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> five - six - seven - eight </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">
+                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">fünf</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">sechs</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">sieben</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">acht</em></span>
+                    </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> nine - ten - eleven - twelve </td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">
+                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">neun</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">zehn</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">elf</em></span> - <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">zwölf</em></span>
+                    </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> How much is three and five? </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            viel ist drei und fünf? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Three and five is eight. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Drei
+                            und fünf ist acht. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> How much is seven and four? </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            viel ist sieben und vier? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Seven and four is eleven. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Sieben und vier ist elf. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> How much is two and ten? </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            viel ist zwei und zehn? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Two and ten is twelve. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Zwei
+                            und zehn ist zwölf. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> again </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            nochmal </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Say it again/ please. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nochmal, bitte. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Two and ten is twelve. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Zwei
+                            und zehn ist zwölf. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d0e1722"><col width="50%" span="1"/><col width="50%" span="1"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center" rowspan="1"> XII</td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> one, you </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> man
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> says </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sagt
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> does one say </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sagt
+                            man </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> in German </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> auf
+                            deutsch </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> How do you say 'good bye' in German? </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            sagt man 'good bye' auf deutsch? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> good bye </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Auf
+                            Wiedersehen </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> You say 'Auf Wiedersehen'. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Man
+                            sagt 'Auf Wiedersehen'. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table></div></div></body></html>

+ 219 - 0
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@@ -0,0 +1,219 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" version="-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"><head xmlns:h="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" profile=""><title>Notes on pronunciation</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"/></head><body><div class="section" title="Notes on pronunciation"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="d0e1793" shape="rect"/>Notes on pronunciation</h1></div></div></div><p> The spelling of a language only symbolizes to the native speaker the sounds Which
+                he already knows. You will learn these sounds directly from your instructor; the
+                spelling will serve as an aid to listening. No spelling system adequately represents
+                the sounds of the spoken language, and no attempt will be made at this point to
+                outline exactly what sounds are represented by what symbols of the German spelling
+                system. We will however present for particular drill and attention in each unit
+                certain sounds which have shown themselves to be difficult for speakers of American
+                English. In the meantime we ask you to remember two cardinal points:</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist"><li class="listitem"><p> The German of your text is printed in the standard German written
+                            style.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> The letter-symbols used, although in most cases the same symbols we
+                            use in written English, in most cases do not represent exactly the same
+                            sounds we use in English. Therefore, DO NOT EXPECT GERMAN WRITTEN
+                            SYMBOLS TO REPRESENT SOUND VALUES YOU KNOW IN ENGLISH.</p></li></ol></div><p> Pronunciation Practices. To be drilled in class.</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">A. Short Vowels</span></dt><dd><p> The German short vowels i,e,a and u are not dissimilar from
+                                English sounds. The o, however, is probably different from any sound
+                                that you have in English. Do not try to replace it by a sound from
+                                English, but rather reproduce the pronunciation of your instructor.
+                                The German front rounded vowels ö and ü do not occur in English. To
+                                produce the ö, put your tongue in the position for the German e and
+                                round your lips; for ü, put your tongue in the position for the
+                                German i and round your lips. You will then produce a sound similar
+                                to the German sound. Experiment until your instructor is satisfied
+                                with your pronunciation. Do not worry about the meaning of the words
+                                in these practices. Concentrate instead on the sounds.</p><table id="d0e1814"><col width="20%" span="1"/><col width="20%" span="1"/><col width="20%" span="1"/><col width="20%" span="1"/><col width="20%" span="1"/><tr>
+                                    <td colspan="5" align="left" valign="top" rowspan="1"> Practice
+                                        l(a) </td>
+                                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span class="bold"><strong> Short i </strong></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span class="bold"><strong> Short e</strong></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span class="bold"><strong> Short a</strong></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span class="bold"><strong> Short o</strong></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span class="bold"><strong> Short u </strong></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
+                                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">bitte</em></span>
+                                    </td>
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> denn </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> kostet </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> muss </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ist </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> essen </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Mann </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sonne </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Mutter </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> in </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> etwas </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> an </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Doktor </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> und </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span class="bold"><strong> Short ö </strong></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span class="bold"><strong> Short ü</strong></span></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td>
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span class="bold"><strong> - e (unstressed) </strong></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> können </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Mütter </em></span></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td>
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> bitte </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> genug </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> möchte </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> fünf </em></span></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td>
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> danke </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> gesehen </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> öfter </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Hütte </em></span></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td>
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sonne </em></span></td>
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> bekommen </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><table id="d0e1998"><col width="50%" span="1"/><col width="50%" span="1"/><tr valign="top">
+                                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Practice 1(b) </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td>
+                                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
+                                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">mit</em></span> -
+                                            <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Mütter</em></span>
+                                    </td>
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
+                                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">kennen</em></span> -
+                                            <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">können</em></span>
+                                    </td>
+                                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
+                                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">missen</em></span> -
+                                            <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">müssen</em></span>
+                                    </td>
+                                    <td align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
+                                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">stecke</em></span> -
+                                            <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Stöcke</em></span>
+                                    </td>
+                                </tr></table></dd><dt><span class="term">B. Long Vowels</span></dt><dd><p> There are no sounds in English exactly like the German long
+                                vowels. If you will pronounce English gate and then ask your
+                                instructor to pronounce German <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">geht</em></span></strong></span>, you will
+                                notice that the English vowel sound seems to change during its
+                                pronunciation, but the German sound seems tense and stable
+                                throughout its duration. Your tongue actually moves during the
+                                production of the English vowel sound, but during the production of
+                                the German sound the tongue remains in the same position. The long ö
+                                and ü are formed approximately like short ö and ü. Pronounce German
+                                long e and round your lips to form ö , and pronounce German long i
+                                and round your lips to form ü </p><p><span class="bold"><strong>Practice 2(a)</strong></span></p><table id="d0e2062"><col width="12.5%" span="1"/><col width="12.5%" span="1"/><col width="12.5%" span="1"/><col width="12.5%" span="1"/><col width="12.5%" span="1"/><col width="12.5%" span="1"/><col width="12.5%" span="1"/><col width="12.5%" span="1"/><tr align="center">
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Long </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> i </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> o</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> u </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ö </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ü </td>
+                                </tr><tr align="center">
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            wie </em></span></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            geht </em></span></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            Tag </em></span></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            Sohn </em></span></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            gut </em></span></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            König </em></span></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            für </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr align="center">
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            ihnen </em></span></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            Tee </em></span></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            Abend </em></span></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            oder </em></span></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            du </em></span></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            schön </em></span></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            Tür </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr align="center">
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            viel </em></span></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            den </em></span></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            Bahn </em></span></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            wo </em></span></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            Flug </em></span></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            öde </em></span></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">über </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><p><span class="bold"><strong>Practice 2(b)</strong></span></p><table id="d0e2199"><col width="50%" span="1"/><col width="50%" span="1"/><tr align="center">
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">
+                                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">vier</em></span> -
+                                            <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">für</em></span>
+                                    </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">
+                                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">lesen</em></span> -
+                                            <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">lösen</em></span>
+                                    </td>
+                                </tr><tr align="center">
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">
+                                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Tier</em></span> -
+                                            <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Tür</em></span>
+                                    </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">
+                                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Sehne</em></span> -
+                                            <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Söhne</em></span>
+                                    </td>
+                                </tr></table></dd><dt><span class="term">C. </span></dt><dd><p><span class="bold"><strong>Distinguishing Long and Short
+                                    Vowels</strong></span></p><p> It is NOT ALWAYS POSSIBLE to distinguish long and short vowels in
+                                written German, as the German spelling system does not consistently
+                                mark them as such. Your best guide to the pronunciation of any given
+                                word is the way your native instructor pronounces it. However, a few
+                                hints can be given which will help you to recognize them <span class="bold"><strong>most</strong></span> of the time. If you look back at the
+                                practice lists above you will see that the short vowels in <span class="bold"><strong>most</strong></span> cases are followed by two or more
+                                consonants and they are always written with a single letter symbol.
+                                Then note that the long vowels are <span class="bold"><strong>not
+                                    always</strong></span> written with a single letter symbol and
+                                usually are followed by only one consonant. The following
+                                combinations of letters always designate long vowels: ie, ih - eh,
+                                ee - ah, aa - oh, oo - uh - öh - üh </p></dd><dt><span class="term">D. </span></dt><dd><p><span class="bold"><strong>Diphthongs</strong></span></p><p>These combinations of two vowel sounds in German are very similar,
+                                though not identical to certain vowel combinations in
+                                English.</p><p><span class="bold"><strong>Practice 3</strong></span></p><table id="d0e2272"><col width="33%" span="1"/><col width="33%" span="1"/><col width="33%" span="1"/><tr align="center">
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ei </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> au </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> eu (äu) </td>
+                                </tr><tr align="center">
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            nein </em></span></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            auch </em></span></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            deutsch </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr align="center">
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            eins </em></span></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            Tau </em></span></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            neun </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr align="center">
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            Wein </em></span></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            Laut </em></span></td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            läute </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table></dd></dl></div></div></body></html>

+ 175 - 0
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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" version="-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"><head xmlns:h="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" profile=""><title>Notes on grammar</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"/></head><body><div class="section" title="Notes on grammar"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="d0e2329" shape="rect"/>Notes on grammar</h1></div><div><h2 class="subtitle">(For home study)</h2></div></div></div><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist"><li class="listitem"><p> The German Noun-Classification ('Gender') System.</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist"><li class="listitem"><p>The three classes of nouns.</p><p>
+                                    <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><span class="bold"><strong>Der</strong></span> Wein ist nicht gut.</em></span>
+                                    <span class="bold"><strong>The</strong></span> wine isn't good.</p><p>
+                                    <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><span class="bold"><strong>Das</strong></span> Bier ist gut.</em></span>
+                                    <span class="bold"><strong>The</strong></span> beer is good.</p><p><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                        <span class="bold"><strong>Die</strong></span> Milch ist auch
+                                        gut.</em></span>
+                                    <span class="bold"><strong>The</strong></span> milk is good too.</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist"><li class="listitem"><p> German has three words for 'the': <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der</em></span></strong></span>, <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das</em></span></strong></span> and <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die</em></span></strong></span>; and German nouns
+                                            can be divided into three classes according to which of
+                                            the three words for 'the* they go with. <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wein</em></span></strong></span> goes only with
+                                                <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der</em></span></strong></span>,
+                                            never with <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das</em></span></strong></span>,
+                                            never with <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die</em></span></strong></span>.
+                                            Bier goes only with <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das</em></span></strong></span>,
+                                            and so on.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> We will refer to these three classes of nouns, for
+                                            obvious reasons, as <span class="bold"><strong>der-</strong></span>nouns, <span class="bold"><strong>das</strong></span>-nouns and <span class="bold"><strong>die-</strong></span>nouns. (1 <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wein</em></span></strong></span> is <span class="bold"><strong>der-</strong></span>noun-' '<span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Hotel</em></span></strong></span> is a <span class="bold"><strong>das-</strong></span>noun.1)</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> The traditional statement about this phenomenon is:
+                                            'German nouns have three genders—masculine, feminine,
+                                            and neuter.' we will not use this terminology because it
+                                            tends to mislead English-speaking students by suggesting
+                                            that the German noun classification has something to do
+                                            with sex differentiation. It doesn't. See paragraph
+                                            III.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> Insofar as the <span class="bold"><strong>basic
+                                                stock</strong></span> of German nouns is concerned (nouns
+                                            like house, grass, sky, wine, beer, milk), there is
+                                            absolutely no sense or rationale to the classification
+                                            system; there is no way at all of anticipating which
+                                            class any given noun belongs to. You must simply learn
+                                            the word for 'the' as a part of the noun: the German
+                                            word for 'wine1 is <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der
+                                                Wein</em></span></strong></span>. And you must
+                                            practice saying <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der
+                                                Wein</em></span></strong></span> often enough so that
+                                                <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das
+                                                Wein</em></span></strong></span> or <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die
+                                                  Wein</em></span></strong></span> sounds as wrong to
+                                            you as 'The father of his country — Henry
+                                            Washington.'</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> Now, Henry Washington is a perfectly good name; but
+                                            it's wrong, and every^ American knows it's wrong. By the
+                                            same token, <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das
+                                                Wein</em></span></strong></span> is a perfectly good
+                                            form; but it's wrong, and every German knows it's
+                                            wrong.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> With <span class="bold"><strong>derivative</strong></span>
+                                            nouns (that is, nouns made from other words, like our
+                                            happyness, brother-hood) your problem is easier. The
+                                            classification of German derivative nouns is fairly
+                                            orderly and consistent. Nouns ending in -ung, for
+                                            example, are always <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die</em></span></strong></span>-nouns: <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die
+                                                  Verzeihung</em></span></strong></span> 'the
+                                            forgiveness, the pardon. And nouns ending with the
+                                            diminutive suffixes -lein and -chen are always <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das-</em></span></strong></span>nouns: <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das
+                                                  Fräulein</em></span></strong></span> 'the miss,
+                                            waitress,'</p><p>
+                                            <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Mädchen</em></span></strong></span> 'the
+                                            little girl.' We will deal with the formation of the
+                                            various kinds of derivative nouns as we go along through
+                                            the units.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> But if the classification of derivative nouns is
+                                            orderly and consistent, the classification of the basic
+                                            stock of German nouns remains virtually chaotic. There
+                                            really is no system at all for guessing Which class a
+                                            noun belongs to; it's not something you can reason out
+                                            or get the knack of. It is not the same as our <span class="bold"><strong>he-she-it</strong></span> system, as we'll
+                                            see in. a minute. There is absolutely nothing in English
+                                            like it. Your only solution is to use the nouns until
+                                            you know them as well as you know 'George
+                                            Washington.'</p></li></ol></div></li><li class="listitem"><p>Pronouns Corresponding to the Three Classes of
+                                        Nouns.</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup span="1"><col class="c1" span="1"/><col class="c2" span="1"/><col class="c3" span="1"/><col class="c4" span="1"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Wo ist der Bahnof?</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Er ist dort.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Where is the station?</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">It's there.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Wo ist das Hotel?</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Es ist dort.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Where is the hotel?</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">It's there.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Wo ist die Botshaft?</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Sie ist dort.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Where is the ambassy?</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">It's there.</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p> As these examples show, there is a special <span class="bold"><strong>pronoun</strong></span> for each of the three classes
+                                    of nouns. Notice the correspondence in the final sounds of the
+                                    pairs <span class="bold"><strong>der</strong></span>-er, <span class="bold"><strong>das-es</strong></span>, and <span class="bold"><strong>die-sie</strong></span>. This is no coincidence.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Contrast between German and English Pronoun Usage.</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup span="1"><col class="c1" span="1"/><col class="c2" span="1"/><col class="c3" span="1"/><col class="c4" span="1"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Wo ist <span class="bold"><strong>der</strong></span>
+                                                  Bahnhof?</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span class="bold"><strong>Er</strong></span> ist
+                                                  dort.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Where is <span class="bold"><strong>the</strong></span>
+                                                  station?</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">
+                                                  <span class="bold"><strong>It's</strong></span>
+                                                  there.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Wo ist <span class="bold"><strong>der</strong></span>
+                                                  Mann?</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span class="bold"><strong>Er</strong></span> ist
+                                                  dort.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Where's <span class="bold"><strong>the</strong></span>
+                                                  man?</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span class="bold"><strong>He's</strong></span>
+                                                  here.</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" rowspan="1"> </td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Wo ist <span class="bold"><strong>das</strong></span>
+                                                  Hotel?</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span class="bold"><strong>Es</strong></span> ist
+                                                  dort.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Where is <span class="bold"><strong>the</strong></span>
+                                                  hotel?</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">
+                                                  <span class="bold"><strong>It's</strong></span>
+                                                  there.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Wo ist <span class="bold"><strong>das</strong></span>
+                                                  Kind?</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span class="bold"><strong>Es</strong></span> ist
+                                                  dort.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Where is <span class="bold"><strong>the</strong></span>
+                                                  child?</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">
+                                                  <p><span class="bold"><strong>He's</strong></span>
+                                                  here.</p>
+                                                  <p><span class="bold"><strong>She's</strong></span>
+                                                  here</p>
+                                                </td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" rowspan="1"> </td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Wo ist <span class="bold"><strong>die</strong></span>
+                                                  Botschaft?</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">
+                                                  <span class="bold"><strong>Sie</strong></span> ist
+                                                  dort.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Where is <span class="bold"><strong>the</strong></span> embassy?</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">
+                                                  <span class="bold"><strong>It's</strong></span>
+                                                  there.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Wo ist <span class="bold"><strong>die</strong></span>
+                                                  Frau?</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span class="bold"><strong>Sie</strong></span> ist
+                                                  dort.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Where's <span class="bold"><strong>the</strong></span>
+                                                  woman?</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span class="bold"><strong>She's</strong></span>
+                                                  here.</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p> These examples show that the German pronouns er, <span class="bold"><strong>sie</strong></span>, and es do not match up with the
+                                    English pronouns 'he', 'she', and 'it'. The English <span class="bold"><strong>he-she-it</strong></span> system has an entirely
+                                    different foundation from the German noun-classification
+                                    ('gender') system. In the English system, the choice of pronoun
+                                    depends upon the sex (male, female, or sexless) of some
+                                    non-linguistic entity—a man ('he'), a woman ('she'), or a table
+                                    ('it'). In the German system, on the other hand, the choice of
+                                    pronoun depends upon the linguistic classification of the noun
+                                    you are replacing, except in reference to human beings.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Pronouns Referring to People.</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup span="1"><col class="c1" span="1"/><col class="c2" span="1"/><col span="1"/><col span="1"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Wo ist das Fraülein?</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Where is the waitress?</td><td class="auto-generated" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td><td class="auto-generated" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Sie ist dort.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1">She's there.</td><td class="auto-generated" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td><td class="auto-generated" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div><p> Since all German nouns referring to men are
+                                        <span class="bold"><strong>der-nouns</strong></span> and virtually all
+                                    German nouns referring to women are <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die</em></span></strong></span>-nouns. <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">er</em></span></strong></span> and <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">sie</em></span></strong></span> correspond to 'he' and 'she'
+                                    — when they refer to <span class="bold"><strong>human
+                                        beings</strong></span>. Consequently, one says <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">sie</em></span></strong></span> when referring to
+                                        <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das
+                                            Fräulein</em></span></strong></span>. Who is, after all,
+                                    die lunge Dame 'the young lady',<span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die
+                                            Tochte</em></span></strong></span>r 'the daughter',
+                                        <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die
+                                            Schwester</em></span></strong></span> 'the sister', and
+                                    so on, as well as <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das
+                                        Fräulein</em></span></strong></span>.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>No classification in the Plural.</p><table id="d0e2759"><col width="25%" span="1"/><col width="25%" span="1"/><col width="25%" span="1"/><col width="25%" span="1"/><tr valign="top">
+                                        <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo sind die Bahnhöfe?
+                                            </em></span></td>
+                                        <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie sind hier.
+                                            </em></span></td>
+                                        <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Where are the stations? </td>
+                                        <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> They're here. </td>
+                                    </tr><tr valign="top">
+                                        <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo sind die Hotels?
+                                            </em></span></td>
+                                        <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie sind hier.
+                                            </em></span></td>
+                                        <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Where are the
+                                            hotels? </td>
+                                        <td align="justify" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> They're here. </td>
+                                    </tr><tr valign="top">
+                                        <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo sind die Frauen?
+                                            </em></span></td>
+                                        <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie sind hier.
+                                            </em></span></td>
+                                        <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Where are the
+                                            women? </td>
+                                        <td align="justify" rowspan="1" colspan="1">They're here. </td>
+                                    </tr></table><p>As these examples show, the three-fold classification we've
+                                    been discussing applies only to nouns in the singular. In the
+                                    plural, there is only one word for 'the', and only one
+                                    pronoun.</p></li></ol></div><p>
+                    </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>The pointing-Word <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das</em></span></strong></span>.</p><table id="d0e2822"><col width="50%" span="1"/><col width="50%" span="1"/><tr valign="top">
+                            <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das ist der Bahnhof, nicht wahr?
+                                </em></span></td>
+                            <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> This is the station, isn't it?
+                            </td>
+                        </tr><tr valign="top">
+                            <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, das ist er. </em></span></td>
+                            <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Yes, that's it. </td>
+                        </tr><tr valign="top">
+                            <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist das die Milch? </em></span></td>
+                            <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Is that the milk? </td>
+                        </tr><tr valign="top">
+                            <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das ist Wasser. </em></span></td>
+                            <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> This is water. </td>
+                        </tr><tr valign="top">
+                            <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sind das die Streichhölzer?
+                                </em></span></td>
+                            <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Are these the matches? </td>
+                        </tr><tr valign="top">
+                            <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das sind die Zigarren. </em></span></td>
+                            <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Those are the ciaars. </td>
+                        </tr></table><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist"><li class="listitem"><p> The pointing-word <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das</em></span></strong></span> (often
+                                accompanied by a pointing gesture) is used to call any <span class="bold"><strong>object</strong></span> or <span class="bold"><strong>group of
+                                    objects</strong></span> to the hearer's attention, without any
+                                reference to noun classification or tö the number of objects.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> The pointing-word <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das</em></span></strong></span> is an
+                                entirely different entity from the <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das</em></span></strong></span> of <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das
+                                    Hotel</em></span></strong></span>. The English equivalents of the
+                                pointing-word <span class="bold"><strong><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das</em></span></strong></span> are
+                                'this', <span class="bold"><strong>'that', 'these', and
+                                    'those'.</strong></span></p></li></ol></div></li></ol></div></div></body></html>

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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" version="-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"><head xmlns:h="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" profile=""><title>Substitution drill.</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"/></head><body><div class="section" title="Substitution drill."><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="d0e2914" shape="rect"/>Substitution drill.</h1></div></div></div><p> This section is made up of a number of model sentences. One or two words in each
+                sentence are underscored. Below each group will be found a series of isolated words.
+                The drill consists in substituting these words, one by one, for the one that is
+                underscored in the model sentence, and making necessary changes in the rest of the
+                sentence. </p><p>The instructor says the model sentence out loud, and the class repeats after him.
+                The first student makes the first substitution, the next student the second, and so
+                on. Repeat until all students have had a chance to make each substitution at least
+                once, then proceed to the next model sentence. </p><p>This drill may be done with books closed. The instructor then gives the students
+                the item to be substituted. Keep things moving along. Maintain a lively pace. If one
+                student gets stuck, the next one takes over after three or four seconds.</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist"><li class="listitem"><p>
+                        <span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Der Flughafen ist
+                            dort.</em></span></p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup span="1"><col class="c1" span="1"/><col class="c2" span="1"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bahnhof - Kaffee -
+                                                Tee - Wein</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Bahnhof - der
+                                                Kaffee - der Tee - der Wein</em></span></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Restaurant - Bier -
+                                                Wasser - Hotel - Cafe</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Restaurant -
+                                                das Bier - das Wasser - das Hotel - das
+                                                Cafe</em></span></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bank - Milch -
+                                                Botschaft</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Bank - die
+                                                Milch - die Botschaft</em></span></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Streichhölzer -
+                                                Zigarren</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Streichhölzer -
+                                                die Zigarren</em></span></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Bahnhof - Hotel -
+                                                Tee - Milch - Kaffee - Restaurant - Streichhölzer -
+                                                Botschaft - Flughafen - Bier - Wein - Wasser -
+                                                Zigarren - Cafe </em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Bahnhof - das
+                                                Hotel - der Tee - die Milch - der Kaffee - das
+                                                Restaurant - die Streichhölzer - die Botschaft - der
+                                                Flughafen - das Bier - der Wein - das Wasser - die
+                                                Zigarren - das Café</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p xml:lang="de-1901">Wo ist <span class="bold"><strong>der
+                            Bahnhof</strong></span>?</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup span="1"><col class="c1" span="1"/><col class="c2" span="1"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Flughafen - Kaffee
+                                                - Tee - Wein</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Flughafen - der
+                                                Kaffe - der Tee - der Wein </em></span></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Restaurant - Bier -
+                                                Wasser - Cafe - Hotel</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Restaurant -
+                                                das Bier - das Wasser - das Cafe - das
+                                                Hotel</em></span></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bank - Milch -
+                                                Botschaft</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Bank - die
+                                                Milch - die Botschaft</em></span></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Streichhölzer -
+                                                Zigarren</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Streichhölzer -
+                                                die Zigarren</em></span></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Restaurant -
+                                                Flughafen - Bank - Kaffee - Wasser - Milch -
+                                                Streichhölzer - Bahnhof - Tee - Hotel - Wein - Bier
+                                                - Botschaft - Zigarren -
+                                            Cafe</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Restaurant -
+                                                der Flughafen - die Bank - der Kaffee - das Wasser -
+                                                die Milch - die Streichhölzer - der Bahnhof - der
+                                                Tee - das Hotel - der Wein - das Bier - die
+                                                Botschaft - die Zigarren - das
+                                            Cafe</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p xml:lang="de-1901">Wieviel kostet <span class="bold"><strong>der
+                            Kaffee</strong></span>?</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup span="1"><col class="c1" span="1"/><col class="c2" span="1"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wein -
+                                                Tee</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Wein - der
+                                                Tee</em></span></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bier</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das
+                                                Bier</em></span></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Zigarren -
+                                                Streichhölzer</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Zigarren - die
+                                                Streichhölzer</em></span></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wtein - Zigarren -
+                                                Tee - Streichhölzer - Bier </em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Wein - die
+                                                Zigarren - der Tee - die Streichhölzer - das
+                                                Bier</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p xml:lang="de-1901">Wie ist <span class="bold"><strong>das
+                            Bier</strong></span>?</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup span="1"><col class="c1" span="1"/><col class="c2" span="1"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wasser - Hotel -
+                                                Restaurant - Cafe</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Wasser - das
+                                                Hotel - das Restaurant - das
+                                            Café</em></span></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Kaffee - Tee - Wein
+                                            </em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Kaffee - der
+                                                Tee - der Wein</em></span></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bank -
+                                                Milch</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Bank - die
+                                                Milch</em></span></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Zigarren -
+                                                Streichhölzer</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Zigarren - die
+                                                Streichhölzer</em></span></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bier - Tee - Hotel
+                                                - Wein - Wasser - Kaffee - Milch -Zigarren - Caf£ -
+                                                Bank - Streichhölzer</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Bier - der Tee
+                                                - das Hotel - der Wein - das Wasser - der Kaffee -
+                                                die Milch - die Zigarren - das Cafe - die Bank - die
+                                                Streichhölzer</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p xml:lang="de-1901"><span class="bold"><strong>Das Hotel</strong></span> ist
+                            gut.</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup span="1"><col class="c1" span="1"/><col class="c2" span="1"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bier - Restaurant -
+                                                Wasser - Cafe</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Bier - das
+                                                Restaurant - das Wasser - das
+                                            Cafe</em></span></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wein - Kaffee -
+                                                Tee </em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Wein - der
+                                                Kaffee - der Tee</em></span></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Milch -
+                                                Bank</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Milch - die
+                                                Bank</em></span></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Zigarren -
+                                                Streichhölzer</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Zigarren - die
+                                                Streichhölzer</em></span></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bier - Wein -
+                                                Restaurant - Kaffee - Bank - Tee - Hotel -
+                                                Streichhölzer - Wasser - Zigarren - Cafe - Milch
+                                            </em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Bier - der Wein
+                                                - das Restaurant - der Kaffee - die Bank - der Tee -
+                                                das Hotel - die Streichhölzer - das Wasser - die
+                                                Zigarren - das Cafe - die
+                                            Milch</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p xml:lang="de-1901"><span class="bold"><strong>Das Hotel</strong></span> ist da
+                            drüben.</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup span="1"><col class="c1" span="1"/><col class="c2" span="1"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Restaurant - Bier -
+                                                Wasser - Cafe</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Restaurant -
+                                                das Bier - das Wasser - das
+                                            Café</em></span></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Flughafen - Bahnhof
+                                                - Kaffee - Tee - Wein </em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Flughafen - der
+                                                Bahnhof - der Kaffee - der Tee - der
+                                                Wein</em></span></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Botschaft - Milch
+                                                - Bank</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Botschaft - die
+                                                Milch - die Bank</em></span></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Streichhölzer -
+                                                Zigarren</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Streichhölzer -
+                                                die Zigarren</em></span></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Hotel - Restaurant
+                                                - Tee - Milch - Bier - Kaffee - Botschaft - Wein -
+                                                Zigarren - Streichhölzer - Cafe - Bank
+                                            </em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Hotel - das
+                                                Restaurant - der Tee - die Milch - das Bier - der
+                                                Kaffee - die Botschaft - der Wein - die Zigarren -
+                                                die Streichhölzer - das Café - die
+                                                Bank</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p xml:lang="de-1901">Das ist <span class="bold"><strong>der
+                            Flughafen</strong></span>.</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup span="1"><col class="c1" span="1"/><col class="c2" span="1"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bahnhof - Wein -
+                                                Tee - Kaffee</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Bahnhof - der
+                                                Wein - der Tee - der Kaffee</em></span></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Hotel - Restaurant
+                                                - Bier - Café</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Hotel - das
+                                                Restaurant - das Bier - das
+                                            Café</em></span></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bank - Botschaft -
+                                                Milch</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Bank - die
+                                                Botschaft - die Milch</em></span></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Streichhölzer -
+                                                Zigarren</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Streichhölzer -
+                                                die Zigarren</em></span></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Botschaft -
+                                                Flughafen - Hotel - Milch - Restaurant - Bahnhof -
+                                                Bier - Wein - Tee - Zigarren - Café -
+                                                Bank</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die Botschaft - der
+                                                Flughafen - das Hotel - die Milch - das Restaurant -
+                                                der Bahnhof - das Bier - der Wein - der Tee - die
+                                                Zigarren - das Cafe - die
+                                            Bank</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></li><li class="listitem"><p xml:lang="de-1901">Hier ist <span class="bold"><strong>Herr Becker</strong></span>.
+                        Hier ist <span class="bold"><strong>er</strong></span>.</p><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup span="1"><col class="c1" span="1"/><col class="c2" span="1"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Flughafen - Bahnhof
+                                                - Wein - Tee - Kaffee - Herr
+                                            Keller</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">der Flughafen.er -
+                                                der Bahnhof.er - der Wein.er - der Tee.er - der
+                                                Kaffee.er - Herr Keller.er</em></span></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Frau Kunze - Milch
+                                                - Botschaft - Bank - Frau
+                                            Schneider</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Frau Kunze.sie -
+                                                die Milch.sie - die Botschaft.sie - die Bank.sie -
+                                                Frau Schneider.sie</em></span></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Restaurant - Bier -
+                                                Wasser - Café - Hotel</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Restaurant.es -
+                                                das Bier.es - das Wasser.es - das Caf£.es - das
+                                                Hotel.es</em></span></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Streichhölzer -
+                                                Zigarren - Herr und Frau
+                                            Becker</em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">die
+                                                Streichhölzer.sie - die Zigarren.sie - Herr und Frau
+                                                Becker.sie</em></span></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Bier - Milch -
+                                                Wasser - Wein - Streichhölzer - Bahnhof - Restaurant
+                                                - Zigarren - Hotel - Herr und Frau Becker -
+                                                Botschaft - Tee - Cafe - Frau Schneider - Flughafen
+                                                - Herr Keller - Bank - Kaffee
+                                            </em></span></td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">das Bier.es - die
+                                                Milch.sie - das Wasser.es - der Wein.er - die
+                                                Streichhölzer.sie - der Bahnhof.er - das
+                                                Restaurant.es - die Zigarren.sie - das Hotel.es -
+                                                Herr und Frau Becker. sie - die Botschaft.sie - der
+                                                Tee.er - das Cafe.es - Frau Schneider.sie - der
+                                                Flughafen.er - Herr Keller.er - die Bank.sie - der
+                                                Kaffee.er</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></li></ol></div><p> </p></div></body></html>

+ 607 - 0
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@@ -0,0 +1,607 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" version="-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"><head xmlns:h="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" profile=""><title>Variation drill</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"/></head><body><div class="section" title="Variation drill"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="d0e3287" shape="rect"/>Variation drill</h1></div></div></div><p> This section is made up of several groups of sentences. Each group is headed by a
+                model sentence which is underscored. The instructor reads the model sentence out
+                loud, and the class repeats after him. The first student then gives the German
+                version of the first English variation sentence under the model sentence. The next
+                student takes the second sentence, and so on. </p><p>While doing this drill, STUDENTS MUST COVER THE RIGHT-HAND SIDE OF THE PAGE </p><p>English versions must be read silently, and the German version must be given
+                without stopping, with the proper pronunciation, including intonation. If you have
+                to 'translate* word by word you need more practice with the basic sentences. </p><p>The instructor must insist on COMPLETE SENTENCES.</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist"><li class="listitem"><table id="d0e3300"><col width="10%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><thead><tr>
+                                    <th colspan="2" align="center" rowspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich verstehe Sie. </em></span></th>
+                                    <th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> I understand you. </th>
+                                </tr></thead><tbody><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> I understand you well. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich verstehe Sie gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> I understand you very well. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich verstehe Sie sehr
+                                            gut. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> I understand you well, too. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich verstehe Sie auch
+                                            gut. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> I don't understand you. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich verstehe Sie nicht.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> I don't understand you either. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich verstehe Sie auch
+                                            nicht. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></tbody></table></li><li class="listitem"><p>
+                            </p><table id="d0e3378"><col width="10%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><thead><tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center" rowspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verstehen Sie mich?
+                                            </em></span></th>
+                                        <th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Do you understand me? </th>
+                                    </tr></thead><tbody><tr>
+                                        <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">a. </td>
+                                        <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Do you understand me well? </td>
+                                        <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verstehen Sie mich
+                                                gut? </em></span></td>
+                                    </tr><tr>
+                                        <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b. </td>
+                                        <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Do you understand me well to? </td>
+                                        <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verstehen Sie mich
+                                                auch gut? </em></span></td>
+                                    </tr><tr>
+                                        <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c. </td>
+                                        <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Don't you understand me? </td>
+                                        <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verstehen Sie mich
+                                                nicht? </em></span></td>
+                                    </tr><tr>
+                                        <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d. </td>
+                                        <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Don't you understand me either? </td>
+                                        <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verstehen Sie mich
+                                                auch nicht? </em></span></td>
+                                    </tr><tr>
+                                        <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e. </td>
+                                        <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Don't you understand me well either? </td>
+                                        <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verstehen Sie mich
+                                                auch nicht gut? </em></span></td>
+                                    </tr></tbody></table><p>
+                        </p></li><li class="listitem"><table id="d0e3455"><col width="10%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><thead><tr>
+                                    <th colspan="2" align="center" rowspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo ist der Flughafen?</em></span></th>
+                                    <th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Where is the airport?</th>
+                                </tr></thead><tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">a. </td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> There is the airport. </td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Da ist der Flughafen.
+                                    </em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">b. </td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Is that the airport? </td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist das der Flughafen?
+                                    </em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">c. </td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Yes, that's the airport. </td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, das ist der Flughafen.
+                                    </em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">d. </td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> No, that's not the airport. </td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Nein, das ist nicht der
+                                        Flughafen. </em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">e. </td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Is the airport over there? </td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist der Flughafen da drüben?
+                                    </em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">f. </td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Yes, it's over there. </td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, er ist da drüben.
+                                    </em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">g. </td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> No, it's not over there. </td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Nein, er ist nicht da drüben.
+                                    </em></span></td>
+                            </tr></table><p> Repeat the same drill and for airport substitute: hotel - embassy -
+                            restaurant - station.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
+                            </p><table id="d0e3558"><col width="10%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><thead><tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center" rowspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo sind die Streichhölzer?
+                                            </em></span></th>
+                                        <th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Where are the matches? </th>
+                                    </tr></thead><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Where are they? </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo sind sie?
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> There are the matches. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Da sind die
+                                            Streichhölzer. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> There they are. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Da sind sie.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Are the matches over them? </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sind die Streichhölzer da
+                                            drüben? </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Yes, the matches are over there. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, die Streichhölzer
+                                            sind da drüben. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> f.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> They're over there. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie sind da drüben.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><p>
+                        </p><p>Repeat the same drill and for potatoes substitute: cigars - Mr. and
+                            Mrs. Kunze. </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
+                            </p><table id="d0e3650"><col width="10%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><thead><tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center" rowspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie ist die Milch?
+                                            </em></span></th>
+                                        <th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> How's the milk? </th>
+                                    </tr></thead><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> It's good. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie ist gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> It's very good. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie ist sehr gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> The water is good too. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das Wasser ist auch gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> It's very good too. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Es ist auch sehr gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><p>
+                        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
+                            </p><table id="d0e3716"><col width="10%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><thead><tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center" rowspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie ist das Bier?
+                                            </em></span></th>
+                                        <th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> How's the beer? </th>
+                                    </tr></thead><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> It's good. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Es ist gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> It's very good. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Es ist sehr gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> The cigars are good too. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Zigarren sind auch
+                                            gut. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> They're very good too. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie sind auch sehr gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><p>
+                        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
+                            </p><table id="d0e3782"><col width="10%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><thead><tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center" rowspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie ist der Tee?
+                                            </em></span></th>
+                                        <th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> How's the tea? </th>
+                                    </tr></thead><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> It's not good. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Er ist nicht gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> It's very good. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Er ist sehr gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> The milk isn't good either. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Milch ist auch nicht
+                                            gut. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> It's not very good either. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie ist auch nicht sehr
+                                            gut. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Yes. they are very good. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, sie sind sehr gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><p>
+                        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
+                            </p><table id="d0e3860"><col width="10%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><thead><tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center" rowspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie sind die Streichhölzer?
+                                            </em></span></th>
+                                        <th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> How are the matches? </th>
+                                    </tr></thead><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> They're not good. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie sind nicht gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> They're not very good. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie sind nicht sehr gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">The wine is not good either.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der Wein ist auch nicht
+                                            gut. Er ist auch nicht sehr gut. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">It's not very good either.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Er ist auch nicht sehr
+                                            gut. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><p>
+                        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
+                            </p><table id="d0e3926"><col width="10%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><thead><tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center" rowspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das kostet viel.
+                                            </em></span></th>
+                                        <th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> That costs a lot. </th>
+                                    </tr></thead><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> How much does that cost? </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie viel kostet das?
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Does that cost much? </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Kostet das viel?
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> That doesn't cost much. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das kostet nicht viel.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> That doesn't cost much either. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das kostet auch nicht
+                                            viel. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> That costs three marks. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das kostet drei Mark.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> f.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> That costs three marks, too. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das kostet auch drei
+                                            Mark. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><p>
+                        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
+                            </p><table id="d0e4016"><col width="10%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><thead><tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center" rowspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das Bier ist out.
+                                            </em></span></th>
+                                        <th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> The beer is good. </th>
+                                    </tr></thead><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> The wine is not good. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der Wein ist nicht gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> The coffee is good, too. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der Kaffee ist auch gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> The restaurant is very good. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das Restaurant ist sehr
+                                            gut. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Is the tea good? </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist der Tee gut?
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Ho, the tea isn't very good. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Nein, der Tee ist nicht
+                                            sehr gut. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> f.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Is the café good? </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist das Café gut?
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><p>
+                        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
+                            </p><table id="d0e4106"><col width="10%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><thead><tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center" rowspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Streichhölzer sind nicht
+                                                sehr gut.</em></span></th>
+                                        <th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> The matches are not very good. </th>
+                                    </tr></thead><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> The beer and the wine are good.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                                            Das Bier und der Wein sind gut.</em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">The cigars are good, too.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Zigarren sind auch
+                                            gut. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Are the coffee and the tea good? </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sind der Kaffee und der
+                                            Tee gut? </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Yes. they are very good. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja, sie sind sehr gut.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><p>
+                        </p></li><li class="listitem"><table id="d0e4170"><col width="10%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><thead><tr>
+                                    <th colspan="2" align="center" rowspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo ist der Flughafen? Er ist dort rechts.
+                                        </em></span></th>
+                                    <th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Where is the airport? It's there to the
+                                        right.</th>
+                                </tr></thead><tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Where Is the café? It's there to the left.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wo ist
+                                        das Café? Es ist dort links.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Where Is the restaurant? It's there,
+                                    too.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wo ist das Restaurant? Es ist
+                                        auch dort.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Where is the bank? It's there straight ahead.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wo ist die Bank? Sie ist dort
+                                        geradeaus.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Where is Mr. Schneider? He is here.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wo ist Herr Schneider? Er ist
+                                        hier.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Where is Mrs. Schneider? She's here, too.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wo ist Frau Schneider? Sie ist
+                                        auch hier.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> f.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Where is the station? It's over there, to the right</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wo ist der Bahnhof? Er ist da
+                                        drüben, rechts. </em></span></td>
+                            </tr></table></li><li class="listitem"><table id="d0e4257"><col width="10%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><thead><tr>
+                                    <th colspan="2" align="center" rowspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wie ist der Kaffee? Er 1st out.</em></span></th>
+                                    <th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">How is the coffee? It is good.</th>
+                                </tr></thead><tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">How is the milk? It's very good.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wie
+                                        ist die Milch? Sie ist sehr gut.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">How is the water? It's good, too.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wie ist das Wasser? Es ist
+                                        auch gut.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">How is the hotel? it's not very good.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wie ist das Hotel? Es ist
+                                        nicht sehr gut.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">How is the beer? It's very good here.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wie ist das Bier? Es ist hier
+                                        sehr gut</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">How is the tea? It's not good.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wie ist der Tee? Er ist nicht
+                                        gut.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> f.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">How is the wine? It's very good, too.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Wie ist der Wein? Er ist auch
+                                        sehr gut. </em></span></td>
+                            </tr></table></li><li class="listitem"><table id="d0e4344"><col width="10%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><thead><tr>
+                                    <th colspan="2" align="center" rowspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Ich möchte gern Zigaretten haben.</em></span></th>
+                                    <th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> I'd like to have some cigarettes.
+                                        please.</th>
+                                </tr></thead><tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Would you like to have some cigars, too?</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Möchten Sie auch Zigarren haben?</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">I'd like to have some matches.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich möchte gern Streichhölzer
+                                        haben.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Would you like to have some bread?</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Möchten Sie etwas Brot
+                                        haben?</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> I'd like to have some milk.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich möchte gern Milch
+                                        haben.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">I'd like to have some sausage and sauerkraut.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Ich möchte gern Bratwurst mit
+                                        Sauerkraut haben. </em></span></td>
+                            </tr></table></li><li class="listitem"><table id="d0e4419"><col width="10%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><thead><tr>
+                                    <th colspan="2" align="center" rowspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich möchte gerne essen.</em></span></th>
+                                    <th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">I'd like to eat.</th>
+                                </tr></thead><tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">What would you like to eat?</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Was
+                                        möchten Sie essen?</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> I'd like to eat some sausage and
+                                    sauerkraut.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Ich möchte Bratwurst mit
+                                        Sauerkraut essen.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Would you also like to eat some bread? Yes, I'd like to eat some
+                                    bread. </td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Möchten Sie auch Brot essen?
+                                        Ja, ich möchte gern etwas Brot essen. </em></span></td>
+                            </tr></table></li><li class="listitem"><table id="d0e4470"><col width="10%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><thead><tr>
+                                    <th colspan="2" align="center" rowspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Das ist der Bahnhof.</em></span></th>
+                                    <th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1">That's the railroad station.</th>
+                                </tr></thead><tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">Is that the embassy?</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Ist
+                                        das die Botschaft?</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">No, that's not the embassy.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Nein, das ist nicht die
+                                        Botschaft.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">That's the hotel. Is that Mr. Kunze?</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Das ist das Hotel. Ist das
+                                        Herr Kunze?</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">No, that's not Mr. Kunze.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Nein, das ist nicht Herr
+                                        Kunze.</em></span></td>
+                            </tr><tr>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1">That's Mr. Schneider.</td>
+                                <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">Das ist Herr Schneider.
+                                    </em></span></td>
+                            </tr></table></li><li class="listitem"><p>
+                            </p><table id="d0e4547"><col width="10%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><thead><tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center" rowspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Hier ist das Hotel.
+                                            </em></span></th>
+                                        <th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Here is the hotel. </th>
+                                    </tr></thead><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> There's the restaurant. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Dort ist das Restaurant.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Over there is the airport. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Da drüben ist der
+                                            Flughafen. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> There to the right is the embassy. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Dort rechts ist die
+                                            Botschaft. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Here on the left is the station. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Hier links ist der
+                                            Bahnhof. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Over there, to the right is the cafe. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Da drüben, rechts, ist
+                                            das Cafe. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><p>
+                        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
+                            </p><table id="d0e4625"><col width="10%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><thead><tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center" rowspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Zigarren kosten fünf Mark.
+                                            </em></span></th>
+                                        <th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> The cigars cost five marks. </th>
+                                    </tr></thead><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> The beer costs one mark. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das Bier kostet eine
+                                            Mark. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> The wine costs two marks ten. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der Wein kostet zwei Mark
+                                            zehn. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> The matches cost ten pennies. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Streichhölzer kosten
+                                            zehn Pfennig. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> The coffee costs three marks eight. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der Kaffee kostet drei
+                                            Mark acht. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> The tea costs two marks four. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der Tee kostet zwei Mark
+                                            vier. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> f. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> The milk costs twelve pennies. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die Milch kostet zwölf
+                                            Pfennig. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> g </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Bratwurst and sauerkraut costs two marks five. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut
+                                            kostet zwei Mark fünf. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><p>
+                        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
+                            </p><table id="d0e4727"><col width="10%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><thead><tr>
+                                        <th colspan="2" align="center" rowspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Drei und vier ist sieben.
+                                            </em></span></th>
+                                        <th align="center" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Three and four is seven. </th>
+                                    </tr></thead><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> a. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Five and three is eight. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Fünf und drei ist acht.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> b. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> How much is two and six? </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie viel ist zwei und
+                                            sechs? </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> c. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Seven and five is twelve. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sieben und fünf ist
+                                            zwölf. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> d. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Three and three is six. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Drei und drei ist sechs.
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> e. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> How much is seven and four? </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie viel ist sieben und
+                                            vier? </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> f. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Is nine and one eleven? </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist neun und eins elf?
+                                        </em></span></td>
+                                </tr><tr>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> g. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> No, nine and one is ten. </td>
+                                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Nein, neun und eins ist
+                                            zehn. </em></span></td>
+                                </tr></table><p>
+                        </p></li></ol></div></div></body></html>

+ 133 - 0
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@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" version="-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"><head xmlns:h="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" profile=""><title>Translation drill</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"/></head><body><div class="section" title="Translation drill"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="d0e4826" shape="rect"/>Translation drill </h1></div></div></div><p> Students cover right-hand side of page and take turns giving the German version
+                of the sentences in English column. The instructor must insist that each student
+                give his version without hesitation. Go over the drill several times, until each
+                student has had an opportunity to give all sentences.</p><p> Unless students can do this drill confidently, they need more preparation.</p><table id="d0e4833"><col width="10%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Is that the embassy? </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            das die Botschaft? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> No, that's not the embassy, that is
+                        the hotel. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, das ist nicht die Botschaft, das ist das Hotel.
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3 .</td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> The embassy is over there, to the
+                        left. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die
+                            Botschaft ist da drüben, links. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> How is the beer, is it good? </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            ist das Bier, ist es gut? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> No, it's not very good. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, es ist nicht sehr gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> What is that there, the airport? </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Was
+                            ist das dort, der Flughafen? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Yes, that's the airport. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            das ist der Flughafen. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Is Mr. Becker here? </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            Herr Becker hier? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> No, he isn't (here). </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, er ist nicht hier. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">10. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Is the wine good here? </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            hier der Wein gut? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Yes, it is (good here). </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            er ist gut hier. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">12. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Where is Miss Schneider? </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo
+                            ist Fräulein Schneider? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">13. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Isn't she here? </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            sie nicht hier? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">14. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> No, she isn't (here). </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, sie ist nicht hier. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">15. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> How much does sausage and sauerkraut
+                        cost? </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            viel kostet Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">16. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> It doesn't cost much. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Es
+                            kostet nicht viel. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">17. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Where are the cigars? </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo
+                            sind die Zigarren? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">18. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Aren't they here? </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sind
+                            sie nicht hier? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">19. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> No, they aren't (here). </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, sie sind nicht hier. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">20. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> They cost four marks. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie
+                            kosten vier Mark. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">21. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Do you understand me? </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Verstehen Sie mich? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">22. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> What did you say? </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            bitte? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">23. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Yes, I understand you very well. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            ich verstehe Sie sehr gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">24. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Would you like to eat? </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Möchten Sie gern essen? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">25 </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Yes, I would. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            gerne. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table></div></body></html>

+ 235 - 0
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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" version="-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"><head xmlns:h="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" profile=""><title>Response drill</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"/></head><body><div class="section" title="Response drill"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="d0e5137" shape="rect"/>Response drill </h1></div></div></div><p> Students are to prepare this drill at home. The questions are generally directed
+                toward the situation or situations presented in the Basic Sentences. The answers
+                suggested are obviously not the only possible answers to these questions, and the
+                student should feel free to vary them or to replace them by his own formulations ad
+                libitum, within the limitations of structure and vocabulary covered.</p><table id="d0e5142"><col width="10%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><col width="45%" span="1"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 1. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo
+                            ist Herr Becker? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Er
+                            ist dort drüben. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 2. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            das Frau Kunze? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, das ist nicht Frau Kunze. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 3.</td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo
+                            sind Herr und Frau Schneider? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Herr
+                            und Frau Schneider sind hier. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 4. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            geht es Ihnen? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Danke gut. Und Ihnen? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 5.</td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Verstehen Sie mich? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            ich verstehe Sie gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 6. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Verstehen Sie mich auch gut? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, ich verstehe Sie nicht. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 7.</td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo
+                            ist der Bahnhof? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der
+                            Bahnhof ist dort rechts. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 8. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            das der Bahnhof? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, das ist nicht der Bahnhof. Er ist dort, geradeaus.
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 9.</td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo
+                            ist der Flughafen? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Er
+                            ist dort drüben. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 10. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            das Hotel dort links? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, es ist dort rechts. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 11. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das
+                            Restaurant ist dort drüben, nicht wahr? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            es ist dort drüben, geradeaus. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 12. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Was
+                            ist das dort? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das
+                            ist die Botschaft. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 13. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo
+                            ist hier die Bank? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die
+                            Bank ist hier links. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 14. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> 1st
+                            das die Botschaft da drüben? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            das ist die Botschaft. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 15. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            ist das Cafe? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das
+                            Cafe ist sehr gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 16. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            das Restaurant auch gut? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, das Restaurant ist nicht sehr gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 17. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            sagt man "good bye" auf deutsch? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Man
+                            sagt "Auf Wiedersehen". </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 18.</td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            sagt man "thank you" auf deutsch? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Man
+                            sagt "Danke schön". </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 19. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Was
+                            möchten Sie haben? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich
+                            möchte zehn Zigaretten haben. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 20. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Möchten Sie auch Zigarren haben? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            ich möchte auch Zigarren haben. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 21. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            viele möchten Sie haben? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Vier, bitte. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 22. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Möchten Sie auch Streichhölzer haben? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            ich möchte auch Streichhölzer haben. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 23. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            viel kosten die Zigarren? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die
+                            Zigarren kosten eine Mark. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 24. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Kostet das Bier eine Mark? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, es kostet eine Mark zehn. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 25. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            viel kostet der Wein? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Er
+                            kostet sechs Mark fünf. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 26. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            viel kosten der Kaffee und der Tee? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der
+                            Kaffee und der Tee kosten fünf Mark zwölf. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 27. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Möchten Sie gern etwas essen? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            ich möchte gern etwas essen. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 28. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Was
+                            möchten Sie essen? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ich
+                            möchte Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut essen. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 29. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Möchten Sie auch Brot essen? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            ich möchte auch etwas Brot essen. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 30. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            ist hier das Bier? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das
+                            Bier ist hier sehr gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 31. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            der Wein auch gut? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            der Wein ist auch sehr gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 32. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            ist der Kaffee? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der
+                            Kaffee ist nicht gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 33. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            der Tee auch nicht gut? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, er ist auch nicht gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 34. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            die Milch gut? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ja,
+                            die Milch ist sehr gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 35. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            viel ist zwei und zwei? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Zwei
+                            und zwei ist vier. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 36. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            drei und vier acht? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, drei und vier ist sieben. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 37. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            viel ist fünf und vier? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Fünf
+                            und vier ist neun. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> 38. </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            sechs und fünf zwölf? </em></span></td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, sechs und fünf ist nicht zwölf. Sechs und fünf ist elf.
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table></div></body></html>

+ 145 - 0
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@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" version="-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"><head xmlns:h="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" profile=""><title>Conversation practice</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"/></head><body><div class="section" title="Conversation practice"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="d0e5640" shape="rect"/>Conversation practice</h1></div></div></div><p> Students keep books closed. Preparation before class is recommended.</p><p> The instructor reads one conversational bout three or four times, out loud, at
+                normal speed. Class listens and students memorize.</p><p> The instructor and one student now 'play back' the conversation. Repeat each bout
+                until each student has taken each part once. Then proceed to the next bout.</p><p> Keep the ball rolling. If students are hesitant, abandon this drill for the day.
+                Students will prepare themselves at home for the next repetition of the
+                drill.</p><p> The instructor will POSTPONE CORRECTING OF MISTAKES during a bout until after it
+                is concluded so as not to discourage the student. After the bout, the instructor
+                simply says the mistaken or mispronounced item to the student and has him repeat it
+                after him.</p><table id="d0e5653"><col width="10%" span="1"/><col width="90%" span="1"/><tr>
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1">
+                        <span class="bold"><strong>1</strong></span>
+                    </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> A: </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wo
+                            ist die Botschaft hier in Bonn? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> B: </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Die
+                            Botschaft ist dort, geradeaus. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> A: </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            bitte? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> B: </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie
+                            ist dort, geradeaus. Verstehen Sie mich? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> A: </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            danke. Und wo ist der Flughafen? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> B: </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Der
+                            Flughafen ist da links. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> A: </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Danke schön. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d0e5727"><col width="10%" span="1"/><col width="90%" span="1"/><tr>
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1">
+                        <span class="bold"><strong>2</strong></span>
+                    </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> S:</td>
+                    <td align="justify" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Guten Tag, Herr Becker. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> K:</td>
+                    <td align="justify" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Guten Tag, Herr Kunze. Wie geht es Ihnen? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> S: </td>
+                    <td align="justify" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Danke, gut. Und Ihnen? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> K:</td>
+                    <td align="justify" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Auch gut, danke. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> S:</td>
+                    <td align="justify" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Wie ist das Bier hier? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> K:</td>
+                    <td align="justify" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Es ist sehr gut und der Wein ist auch gut. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> S:</td>
+                    <td align="justify" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Wie viel kostet das Bier? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> K:</td>
+                    <td align="justify" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Es kostet eine Mark zehn. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> S:</td>
+                    <td align="justify" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Möchten Sie auch etwas essen? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> K:</td>
+                    <td align="justify" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, danke. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d0e5828"><col width="10%" span="1"/><col width="90%" span="1"/><tr>
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1"><span class="bold"><strong> 3
+                        </strong></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> C: </td>
+                    <td align="justify" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Guten Morgen. Ich möchte gern zehn Zigarren haben. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> D: </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Bitte. Möchten Sie auch Zigaretten haben? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> C: </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, danke. Aber ich möchte Streichhölzer haben. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> D: </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Hier
+                            bitte. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> C:</td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            viel kosten die Zigarren? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> D:</td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie
+                            kästen fünf Mark sieben. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table><table id="d0e5891"><col width="10%" span="1"/><col width="90%" span="1"/><tr>
+                    <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" rowspan="1"><span class="bold"><strong> 4
+                        </strong></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> E: </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Verzeihung, wo ist das Restaurant? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> F:</td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das
+                            Restaurant ist dort, rechts. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> E: </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ist
+                            das der Flughafen dort drüben? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> F: </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase">
+                            Nein, das ist nicht der Flughafen, das ist der Bahnhof. Der Flughafen
+                            ist dort, links. </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> E: </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Wie
+                            bitte? Ich verstehe Sie nicht. Sprechen Sie bitte langsam.
+                        </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> F: </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Das
+                            ist nicht der Flughafen, das ist der Bahnhof. Der Flughafen ist dort,
+                            links. Verstehen Sie mich? </em></span></td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"> E: </td>
+                    <td align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja,
+                            ich verstehe Sie. Auf Wiedersehen. </em></span></td>
+                </tr></table></div></body></html>

+ 21 - 0
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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" version="-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"><head xmlns:h="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" profile=""><title>Situations</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"/></head><body><div class="section" title="Situations"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="d0e5963" shape="rect"/>Situations</h1></div></div></div><p> You are now ready for free conversation. Act out the following situations, Which
+                are slight variations on the basic sentences, as freely and fluently as you can,
+                making use of all the patterns you have learned.</p><p><span class="bold"><strong> Finding the Way</strong></span></p><p> An American has just arrived in Germany and doesn't understand too well yet. He
+                asks a German on the street where the hotel is. The German tells him it's over there
+                to the left. The American doesn't understand him and asks him to say it again
+                please.</p><p> He still does not understand and asks the German to speak slowly. The latter
+                repeats much slower and asks the American if he understands. The American says he
+                does, thanks him and says good-bye.</p><p> Go through this conversation again with the American asking for the embassy,
+                cafe, airport, etc., and the German giving different directions: straight ahead,
+                over there, to the right, etc.</p><p><span class="bold"><strong> Question Practice</strong></span></p><p> Each student asks the next student a question in addition (numbers one to
+                twelve). He answers it and asks the next student, etc. </p><p><span class="bold"><strong>At the Cigar Store </strong></span></p><p>Mr. Becker is the proprietor of a cigar store. Mr. Schneider stops in for some
+                cigarettes. They exchange greetings, and Mr. Becker asks what Mr. Schneider would
+                like. After getting him the cigarettes he asks if Mr. Schneider would like some
+                cigars, too. He says no thanks, but he would like some matches. Figuring up his own
+                bill he says that costs one mark ten, doesn't it, but Mr. Becker says no, it costs
+                two marks. Mr. Schneider gives him the money, and they say good-bye to each other. </p><p><span class="bold"><strong>At the Restaurant </strong></span></p><p>Miss Schneider is the waitress in a restaurant. Mr. Kunze greets her as he comes
+                in and asks how she is. She returns his greeting and asks if he is well, too. He
+                says yes, thanks, and asks if they have sausage and sauerkraut, and how the beer and
+                the wine are, etc. Finally he says he'd like to have sausage and sauerkraut, beer
+                and some bread. After the meal he pays her - it costs three marks - and says
+                good-bye.</p></div></body></html>

+ 323 - 0
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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" version="-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"><head xmlns:h="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" profile=""><title>Finder list</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"/></head><body><div class="section" title="Finder list"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="d0e5992" shape="rect"/>Finder list</h1></div></div></div><p> FINDER LIST</p><table id="d0e5997"><col width="50%" span="1"/><col width="50%" span="1"/><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Abend </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> evening </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> aber </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> but </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> acht </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> eight </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> auch </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> also, too </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> auch nicht </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> not ... either </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> auf deutsch </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> in German </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Auf Wiedersehen'. </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> good-bye </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der Bahnhof </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> station </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die Bank </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> bank </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das Bier </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> beer </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> bitte </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> please </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> bitte schön </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> here you are </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die Botschaft </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> embassy </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Bratwurst mit Sauerkraut
+                        </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> sausage and sauerkraut </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Brot </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> bread </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das Café</em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> cafe </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> da </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> there </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> danke </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> thanks </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> danke schön </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> many thanks </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> that </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> dort </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> there </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> drei </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> three </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> drüben </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> over there </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> eins </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> one </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> elf </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> eleven </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> er </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> he, it </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> es </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> it </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> essen </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> eat </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> etwas Brot </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> some bread </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der Flughafen </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> airport </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Frau </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Mrs. </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Frau Kunze </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Mrs. Kunze </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Fräulein </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Miss </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Fräulein Schneider </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Miss Schneider </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> fünf </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> five </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> geht </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> goes </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> geradeaus </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> straight ahead </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> gern(e) </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> with pleasure </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> gut </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> good, well </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> guten Abend </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> good evening </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> guten Morgen </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> good morning </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> guten Tag </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> hello (good by) </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> haben </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> have </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Herr </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Mr. </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Herr Becker </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Mr. Becker </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> hier </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> here </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das Hotel </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> hotel </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ich </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> I </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ihnen </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> to you, with you </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ist </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> is </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Ja </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> yes </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der Kaffee </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> coffee </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> kosten </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> cost </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> kostet </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> costs </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> langsam </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> slow, slowly </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> links </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> left, to the left </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> man </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> one, you </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Mark </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Mark, Marks </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> eine Mark </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> one Mark </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> zwei Mark </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> two Marks </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> mich </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> me (acc) </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die Milch </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> milk </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> möchten </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> would like </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> möchten Sie </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> would you like </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ich möchte </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> I would like </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ich möchte gern </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> I'd like very much </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Morgen </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> morning </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> nein </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> no </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> neun </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> nine </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> nicht </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> not </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> nicht wahr? </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> isn1t it (not true)? </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> nochmal </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> again </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> null </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> zero </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Pfennig </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> penny, pennies </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> rechts </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> to the right </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das Restaurant </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> restaurant </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sagt </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> says </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sagt man </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> does one say </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sechs </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> six </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sehr </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> very </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sie </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> she, it </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Sie </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> you </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sieben </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> seven </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sind </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> are </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> sprechen </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> speak </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die Streichhölzer </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> matches </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Tag </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> day </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der Tee </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> tea </td>
+                </tr><tr>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> und </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> and </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> verstehen </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> understand </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> verstehen Sie </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> do you understand </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> ich verstehe </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> I understand </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Verzeihung </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> excuse me </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> vier </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> four </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> was </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> What </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> das Wasser </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> water </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> der Wein </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> wine </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wie </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> how </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wie bitte? </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> I beg your pardon. What did you say? </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wie viel </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> now much </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wie viele </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> how many </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> wo </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> Where </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> zehn </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> ten </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> Zigaretten </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> cigarettes </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> die Zigarren </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> cigars </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> zwei </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> two </td>
+                </tr><tr valign="top">
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"><span xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="de-1901" class="foreignphrase"> zwölf </em></span></td>
+                    <td rowspan="1" colspan="1"> twelve </td>
+                </tr></table></div></body></html>

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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" version="-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"><head xmlns:h="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" profile=""><title>Chapter 2. </title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"/></head><body><div class="chapter" title="Chapter 2. "><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="d0e6963" shape="rect"/>Chapter 2. </h1></div></div></div><p/></div></body></html>

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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" version="-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"><head xmlns:h="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" profile=""><title/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"/></head><body><div class="colophon"><h1 class="title"><a id="d0e11" shape="rect"/></h1><p/></div></body></html>

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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" version="-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"><head xmlns:h="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" profile=""><title>GERMAN Basic Course</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"/></head><body><div xml:lang="en" class="book" title="GERMAN Basic Course"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="d0e2" shape="rect"/>GERMAN Basic Course</h1></div><div><h2 class="subtitle">UNITS 1 - 12</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="orgname">Foreign Service Institute</span></h3></div></div></div><hr/></div></div></body></html>

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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" version="-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"><head xmlns:h="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" profile=""><title>Preface</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"/></head><body><div class="preface" title="Preface"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="d0e14" shape="rect"/>Preface</h1></div></div></div><p> This Basic Course in German has been designed to assist United States Government
+            representatives who require a command of spoken German. The general concept of this text
+            has grown out of the plan of Spoken Language courses prepared under the auspices of the
+            American Council of Learned Societies during World War II. But pattern drills and other
+            exercises have been developed extensively at the Foreign Service Institute to provide a
+            much fuller manipulation of forms and patterns, and a conscious attempt has been made to
+            adapt situations and vocabulary to specific needs of the Foreign Service. And the course
+            is intended to lay a solid foundation for comprehensive language skills, providing
+            systematically for the development of reading proficiency based on oral- aural skills. </p><p>This text is the end-product of several years of work and has benefited from the
+            labors of many members and former members of the FSI staff. In its present form it was
+            prepared under the supervision of Or. Samuel A. Brown, who has had overall
+            responsibility for the arrangement of situation­al material and for the organization and
+            presentation of structural features. Particular credit for the dialogs and much of the
+            drill material goes to Mrs. Use Christoph. Mrs. Christoph has been assisted by Mrs.
+            Maria-Luise Bissonnette, Mr Friedrich Lehmann, Mr. Gerhard Matzel, Mrs. Margarete
+            Plischke and Mrs. Erika Quaid. A most valuable contribution was also made by Mrs. Quaid
+            in preparing the major part of the typescript, assisted by Miss Geneviève Ducastel. The
+            project has been a cooperative venture, however, and all members of the German staff
+            have contributed freely the fruit of their classroom experience and the gifts of their
+            imagination and insight.<span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="Images/Fsi-GermanBasicCourse-Volume1-StudentText-4.png" alt="Preface"/></span></p><p> H. E. Sollenberger Dean, School of Languages Foreign Service Institute</p></div></body></html>

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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" version="-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"><head xmlns:h="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" profile=""><title>Introduction</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"/></head><body><div class="preface" title="Introduction"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="d0e26" shape="rect"/>Introduction</h1></div></div></div><p> AIM </p><p>It is the aim of the course to provide the student with a useful control of the
+            structure of the spoken language and of a basic vocabulary which meets at least some of
+            the specialized needs of the Foreign Service. After completion of the basic course the
+            Foreign Service Officer should be able to make limited practical use of the language in
+            his official duties and social obligations. He will furthermore have the means, given
+            the proper surroundings and personal motivation, for continued rapid and efficient
+            development of proficiency. </p><p>MATERIALS </p><p>The materials in this first volume of the text are organized into twelve lessons or
+            units. Each unit contains a set of basic sentences for memorization. These are in the
+            form of a dialog based on one or sometimes two specific situations in which a person
+            might find himself in Germany. Notes to the basic sentences are provided as necessary to
+            clarify occasional difficulties in vocabulary and idiom and to provide additional
+            background on some cultural features unfamiliar to Americans. Notes on pronunciation are
+            included in each of the first eight units. Phonological features which have been found
+            to be particularly difficult for American students are here presented with explanations
+            and pronunciation practice drills. The notes on grammar in each unit single out those
+            structural features illustrated in the basic sentences which are appropriate for
+            systematic consideration at that stage in the course. Substitution drills provide for
+            the manipulation of forms by substituting specific items in fixed sentence frames. They
+            are in­tended to build habits of association, so that in a given syntactic environment
+            the appropriate grammatical form automatically comes to mind. As the German vocabulary
+            is all familiar, no English equivalents are given in these drills. Variation drills
+            provide for the manipulation of larger syntactic patterns. In each group a model
+            sentence, underscored, serves as a guide. Associated with it are additional sentences
+            incorporating the same syntactic pattern but in which most of the individual word items
+            have been replaced. English equivalents are given to serve as cues for recall of the
+            German variant sentences. Vocabulary drills provide both practice in the use of new
+            vocabulary items and also allow for manipulation of sentence elements whose particular
+            form and arrangement depends upon their association with that vocabulary item. The
+            manipulation of both variation and vocabulary drills depends on the use of English
+            equivalents. Specific translation drills are also provided, however. In most cases they
+            present the material of the basic dialog in the form of a narrative. They thus provide
+            content review of the basic sentences and practice in the transformation from active
+            dialog to descriptive narration. The response drills are question and answer drills on
+            the situations of the basic dialogs. Conversation practice and additional situations in
+            out­line bridge the gap to free conversation with small pieces of supplementary dialog
+            for acting out and situations providing for a freer play of the student's imagination.
+            The finder list in each unit notes all new vocabulary which has been presented. </p><p>METHOD AND PROCEDURE </p><p>This is a course in Spoken German; the forms and patterns of the language are
+            intentionally colloquial. The emphasis in instruction is everywhere on speech, and an
+            indispensable component of the learning process is the voice of a tutor, or instructor,
+            whose native language is German. On no account should the student attempt to use these
+            materials without either a native instructor or recordings of a native instructor's
+            voice. The method of instruction incorporates guided imitation. repetition,
+            memorization, pattern practice. and conversation. </p><p>Working under the supervision of a linguist the tutor's role is to serve as a model
+            for speech and to guide the student to accurate imitation by constant repetition and
+            correction. The student's Job is to watch and listen to the tutor carefully and to
+            imitate as exactly as he can the sounds which he hears. He must be prepared for constant
+            cor­rection and repetition. Each time however the instructor will give him a model to
+            follow by repeating the item first. The student should never attempt to read from his
+            text but should always wait until he hears the word or utterance as the tutor speaks it
+            for him. As far as possible he should leave his book closed during the presentation of
+            new dialog material and keep his eyes on the tutor, students will be asked to repeat in
+            chorus and individually and will be expected to re­peat many, many times, even when
+            their imitation has been good and accurate. Only by constant repetition after an
+            authentic model for speech can habitual fluent and accurate reproduction of the sounds
+            and forms of the foreign language be achieved. </p><p>The basic sentences are preceded by "build-ups" giving the com­ponent parts of the
+            utterance separately. Each new item which is introduced appears first as a build-up. The
+            tutor will ask the students to repeat the build-ups separately first, then combined into
+            larger units and finally the complete new sentence or utterance. The basic sentences are
+            sub-divided into numbered sections, each to be treated as a unit, repeated in chorus and
+            individually, with and with­out build-ups, until the students' imitation is
+            satisfactory. Then a new section may be begun. The time required to cover each section
+            in this way will differ widely depending on the size and ability of the class. After
+            acceptable imitation and accurate pronunciation has been achieved in one or more
+            sections they are assigned for memorization outside of class or repeated in class until
+            memorized. The student should be able to give either the German sentence or its English
+            equivalent on request or switch from one to the other and back again. The tutor will
+            drill by repeating each sentence for each student in the class, then by giving each
+            student a different sentence, repeating it for him first, and finally asking the
+            students to recite the sentences in order, the first student the first sentence, the
+            second student the second sentence, etc., without receiving a cue from the instructor.
+            Repetition outside of class, preferably using recorded materials as a guide, should be
+            continued to the point of over-learning. The student should not only be able to give the
+            correct German sentence immediately upon hearing an English equivalent, at random
+            selection, he should also be able to give the correct German sentence with equal ease
+            and speed of response upon hearing its German cue. As a final step the students are
+            expected to act out the basic dialog in entirety from memory, with the tutor or with
+            other students. Only when the basic sentences have been mastered to this extent can they
+            be considered to provide an adequate basis for control of the spoken language. It should
+            be noted at this point that the English text accompanying the basic sentences is not
+            primarily a translation but rather a set of conversational equivalents. Many apparent
+            discrepancies will be found if the student, or the tutor, looks for word-for-word
+            correspondence between the English and German text. It does not exist. Rather, in such
+            and such a situation this is what is said in German and this is what is said in English. </p><p>The pronunciation practice drills are to be taken up after the presentation of the
+            basic sentences has been completed and memorization has been started. Items are arranged
+            in groups according to the particular phonological feature concerned. Words in vertical
+            columns present the same phonological feature in different environments. Several columns
+            in a practice group contain related phonological features or related phonological
+            environments in which the same feature recurs. Words are to be repeated first in chorus
+            and then individually by each student after the tutor, at first following the vertical
+            columns and later, for variation and comparison, horizontally across the page.
+            Particular attention should be paid to items in contrast. These are minimum meaningfully
+            distinctive sound patterns, accurate control of which is important for communication and
+            comprehension. Contrasting word pairs are linked by a dash, and after separate practice
+            for accuracy the items should be repeated by pairs to bring out the exact distinctions
+            between them. </p><p>The notes on grammar are earmarked for home study. After each unit has been started
+            and the first hour or more has been spent in class on repetition of the basic sentences
+            the student should read through the grammar notes to acquaint himself with the
+            grammatical points presented in that unit. During the whole time a particular unit is
+            being worked on in class the student should continue to study the grammar section. Many
+            questions which he may feel tempted to raise in class will be found to be answered in
+            the notes on grammar. The tutor is specifically requested not to discuss the language
+            with his students, and the students are asked not to ply him with questions. Time in
+            class is to be spent using and manipulating the language and not in talking about it. In
+            each unit one or more grammatical features are presented, and the basic sentences have
+            been designed, as far as is possible consistent with natural expression, to incorporate
+            and illustrate those features. Each point of grammar discussed is illustrated by
+            sentences which are natural utterances in the language. They are taken in nearly every
+            case from the basic sentences of the current or preceding units. Thus the examples are
+            already familiar to the student, and the patterns they contain, which will be drilled
+            and practiced in the sections to follow, are patterns which the student has already
+            begun to assimilate by memorizing the sentences of the dialog. </p><p>After the basic sentences of a unit have all been repeated several times and
+            memorization has been well begun, work can be started on the drills. The material is
+            designed to provide a maximum of additional experience in using the forms and patterns
+            of the language learned in the basic sentences. It is not assumed, however, that the
+            learner is automatically able to transfer the experience gained in the basic sentences
+            to error-free manipulation of these forms and patterns. The drills are by no means a
+            test of what the student can do with the elements given him. It is a matter of no great
+            importance whether he can or cannot "figure them out" by himself. The goal is to learn
+            to speak the language accurately and fluently, and this aim can only be achieved by
+            correct repetition of the forms and patterns involved. Therefore all the sentences in
+            each drill group are first to be repeated after the tutor in their correct form. The
+            tutor then cues each student in turn for repetition of one of the drill sentences until
+            all students have given all sentences correctly. </p><p>In the substitution drills the model sentence and all its variants are first repeated
+            in chorus after the tutor. He then gives the model sentence again, the class repeats it
+            in chorus, after which each student is cued individually with an item to be substituted
+            and repeats the sentence with the substitution called for. in some cases the cue is the
+            exact form which fits into the sentence. In some cases a cue is given which requires the
+            student to choose the proper form to fit the syntactic environment of the model.
+            Regardless of which type of cue is given or how simple or complex the exercise may
+            appear to be, the student's task is to make the substitution without hesitation and to
+            repeat the sentence accurately at normal conversational speed. Although no English
+            equivalents are given in the substitution drills and the first task is rapid, fluent and
+            accurate manipulation of the material in German. the tutor may ask for spot translations
+            into English here and there, and on the second or third repetition of the drill he may
+            give English equivalents as word or sentence cues in place of the German cues provided. </p><p> In most of the variation drills and in all of the vocabulary drills the cues take the
+            form of equivalent English sentences. Basic procedure remains the same as in the
+            substitution drills. All sentences in a given variation or vocabulary group are first
+            repeated after the tutor in their correct form. The tutor then gives the pattern
+            sentence again, and the students repeat it in chorus, after which they are required
+            individually to recall and repeat the correct German sentences for which an English
+            equivalent is given. Students may work with their books open here, covering up the
+            right-hand side of the page on Which the German sentences are printed and taking their
+            cues from the English sentences on the left-hand side of the page. </p><p>Conversion drills require the conversion of one or more elements in a sentence from
+            one form to another - singular to plural, present tense to past tense, etc. No English
+            is provided for these sentences as a rule. However, as in the substitution drills the
+            tutor may ask for a random spot translation into English, and he may go through the
+            drill a second or third time giving English sentence cues for which the student gives
+            the German equivalent. </p><p>Translation and response drills, as noted above, are in most cases directly related to
+            the basic sentences. In translation drills the procedure is similar to that followed in
+            variation and vocabulary drills. Students may work with their books open, covering the
+            German text and reading the English sentences themselves, or if preferred, books may be
+            left closed while the tutor gives the English equivalents. In the response drills it is
+            often appropriate for the tutor to address two or three questions to the same student
+            and then two or three more to the next, so that the drill takes on a more natural
+            character of conversation­al interchange. Both drills should be repeated in entirety
+            several times, however, or until all students have had a chance to respond to all items. </p><p> It will be noted that all drill material is provided with both a cue and a correct
+            response, so that all may be prepared by the student outside of class and repeated and
+            practiced by him as often as necessary to achieve complete accuracy and fluency. In many
+            cases there is more than one possible response to a given cue, and instructors are
+            encouraged to accept all responses which are truly equivalent. If a correct response has
+            been given, however, instructors are not to suggest variant forms which may occur to
+            them, as this only introduces unnecessary complexity of choice to an exercise which is
+            difficult enough as it is. </p><p>In the conversation practice brief conversations, usually on the same theme as the
+            basic dialog, are read through by the tutor three or four times while students listen.
+            Then the tutor takes one role while one student takes the other, and they repeat the
+            conversation together. The student's aim here is not primarily to memorize and repeat
+            exactly, but to give as accurate an equivalent as possible in his own words. After
+            acting out the conversation with the tutor the student goes through it again with
+            another student, he in turn with the next student, and so on until all have taken both
+            parts in the dialog. </p><p>The situations are brief descriptions, in English in the earlier units, later in
+            German, of occurrences similar to those on which the basic dialogs are based. Two or
+            more students then act out what has been described in their own way and using their ov.i
+            words. They are free to use their imagination and fill in any supplementary details that
+            occur to them. The whole conversation should not be prolonged however more than four or
+            five minutes maximum duration. Then other students may try their hand at the same
+            situation. </p><p>The narratives, beginning with the fifth unit, are designed for reading purposes. In
+            the early units they introduce a minimum of additional vocabulary and unfamiliar forms,
+            and they may be used in the class for oral narration, the student re-telling in his own
+            words what he has read. In later units some features of expository prose - matters of
+            both form and style - which differ from normal spoken usage are introduced through the
+            narratives in order to bridge the gap between conversational German and those reading
+            skills of a specialized nature which require particular study and attention. </p><p>The ultimate goal of the course, as has been stated above, is to speak accurately,
+            fluently and easily. The text provides for the assimilation of all basic forms and
+            patterns of the language by the guided imitation, memorization, and manipulation of a
+            large number of sentences and by practice in confronting several widely occurring
+            every­day situations. Actual living use of the language in free conversation is a
+            necessary and essential adjunct. The tutor should therefore encourage his students from
+            the start to use the language in every way possible, above and beyond what is provided
+            for in the text. After the first few days of work both students and tutors should avoid
+            the use of English in the classroom for any purpose at all, and they are encouraged to
+            speak German outside the classroom as well. Only by constant use of the skill he is
+            learning can the student hope to master it and retain it as a useful tool of his
+            profession.</p></div></body></html>

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